阅读理解记叙文主旨-2023届高考英语阅读与写作备考策略

记叙文主旨类题型

1.题干特征：

题干中出现mainidea;mainlyabout;best/suitabletitle;等或问作者写文章的目的是什么

2.如何定位：

1）当记叙文开篇叙事时，主旨通常在文章尾段

2）当记叙文不是开篇叙事时，主旨通常在首段

3）当记叙文全篇叙事时，主旨通常需要自己总结

3.方法：

1）在文中（尤其是首尾段）找带有感情色彩的词、短语或句子

2）注意文章中人物的情感与性格特点，想表达的或从事件中懂得的人生道理

带有感情色彩的词或短语示例

1）形容词类：grateful;meaningful;considerate;caring;adorable;critical;aggressive;...

2）名词类：kindness;spirit;gratitude;honesty;friendship;dream;meaning;...

3）动词类：realize;appreciate;dawnon;occurto;makesense;reflecton;makeadifference;learnalesson;get

over;...

4.选项特点：

1）人物加事件

2）人生道理

3）谚语

谚语示例：

Actionspeakslouderthanwords;

Birdsofafeatherflocktogether;

Ifsnevertoooldtolearn;

典型例题1

Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou,Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsareforyou.We

adoreyou,respectyou,andappreciateyou.Wedon'ttellyouenough——weprobablydon'ttellyouever.Iwishwe

couldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades.

题：Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher

B.Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher

C.Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife

D.Akid'sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten

【答案】B

【解析】本段截取自记叙文尾段。由段落中grateful;adore;respect;appreciate等带有感情色彩的词可知，文

章想表达家长对于老师的感激，因此答案选B

典型例题2

ThiswasasmallmatterbutithadabiginfluenceonMorrow.Hetoldpeopleaboutthisexperiencemany

timesinhislaterlifeandevenwroteaboutitinoneofhisbooks.Morrowrealizedthateachperson'sabilityis

limitedandmanyproblemscan'tbesolvedinoneday.Thus,wemustactstepbystepandreachourgoals

gradually.

题：What'sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Don'tcountonaskingthewayonce

B.Don'tbeafraidoflosingtheway

C.Learntomanageonyourown

D.Morrow'sunusualexperience

【答案】A

【解析】本段截取自记叙文尾段。由段落中Morrowrealizethateachperson'sabilityislimitedandmany

problemscan'tbesolvedinoneday.和Thus,wemustactstepbystepandreachourgoalsgradually两句中得

知，Morrow意识到的人生道理应该是文章主旨，即每个人的能力是有限的，问题不能一天解决，要一步步

逐渐的解决，因此对应A选项

典型例题3

MamoudouGassama,aMalianmigrant,wonwidespreadpraiseafterclimbingtheoutsideofabuildingtosave

afour-year-oldboyhangingfromabalconyinParis.NowheistobemadeaFrenchcitizen.

ThemayorofParisAnneHidalgowasamongthosetopraisethe22-year-old'sheroismandsaidshehadcalled

himtothankhim.

题：What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Aboywassavedfromabalconyluckily

B.AmigrantwillbecomeacitizenofFrance

C.AMalianmangotaspecialprizeforhisheroism

D.Acarelessfatherputhissonintoadangeroussituation

【答案】C

【解析】此文截取自记叙文首两段。由第一段中的aMalianmigrant；praise；saveafour-year-oldboy以及

第二段中的praise；heroism等带有感情色彩的词得知本文讲述一个移民小伙在救了一个男孩后因为他的英

雄事迹而被奖励成为法国公民的事，因此选C

练习题

1.AsIsatthere,myheartburstingwithpride,itdawnedonmethatIhadtaughthimperseveranceinthefaceof

adversity（逆境），andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.Thatbriefmomentofself-doubtandfeelingsorryfbr

myselfwasblownawaybytheactionsofmysononthebasketballcourt.Hewillplayinthefinals,butitdoesn't

matterifhewinsorloses.Atthismoment,webothwon.

题：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.LifeGoesJustLikePlayingBasketball

B.ItMattersWhethertoWinorLose

C.ALessoninLifeandBasketball

D.FatherandSoninLife

2.Thafswhyitwasn'tuntilthenextmorningwhenIwokeinahouseintheabsenceofherfootstepsthatthe

tearsfinallycame------andwouldn'tstop.Iunderstoodthatmydaughterhadleftthehouse,andIheldontothe

memoryofherrunning.Whenthetearsstopped,Iwasrelievedthatherbodyknewwhatwasneededonseparation

day,andthatwithourloveandsupport,shehadthecouragetoruntoanunfamiliardistance,toglaceback,yetto

keepmovingforward.

题：Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.AHeartbrokenSeparation

B.TheStoryofaSuccessfulMom

C.HowtoDealWithHomesickness

D.MovingForwardWithLoveandSupport

3.Afterstrugglinginthewaterforover20hours,therecameaU.S.Navyhelicopter.Itbanked,andcircledback

towardthem.UemotoandMcMahonburstintotears.Alone,eitherofthemwouldhavedied.Buttogether,they

madeit.

题：Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ARaceAgainstDeath

B.ATestofFriendship

C.AWonderMadebyJoinedHands

D.AStruggleFoughtintheDarkness

4.Ihopethetripgavekidssomelazy,unstructuredtimetolearnsomethingaboutvaluingthetripinsteadof

lookingforthefastestwaytobumitup.Idon'talwaysmaketherightcallasparentbutIknowthatinbanningthe

smallscreenswemadetherightchoicethistime.

题：Whatisthebesttitlefbrthetext?

A.IsDrivingLongDistanceGoodfbrChildren?

B.ATouchingCross-countryTripofMyFamily

C.What'sWrongWithBoredomWithoutHighTech?

D.CreativeKidsoutofParents'ReasonableChoices

5.TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly^^.Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingto

saythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay“ifonly^^aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetter

becauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextra

minutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonal

connection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthingI'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindof

insuranceformyemotionalwell-being.

题：What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ToKeepEmotionalWell-being

B.ToPrevent"IfOnly“Moments

C.ToFollowtheMostUsefulRule

D.ToAchievethePeaceofMind

6.Sadly,ittookanothertworidiculousDIYprojectstofinallygetthrough.Thecrackswillneverbefullyfilled.

Focus,then,onyourowninnercore,thefeedingoflight,fireandstrength.

题：Whafstheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Todescribeanunforgettableevent

B.ToshowthedangerofDIY

C.Tostresstheimportanceofsleep

D.Toencourageustofocusonourselves

7.Camillewasright.Miraclesawaitus,justaroundthecomer.

题：Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?

A.Neverlosehope

B.Nopain,nogain

C.Everylittlebithelps

D.Wellbegunishalfdone

8.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）

toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy."Somenightsmy

heartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,“shesays.However,her

childrenhavelearntanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generation

graduateandaninspirationtoherfamily------andthat'sprettypowerful.

题：WhatcanerlearnfromJennifer'sstory?

A.Timeismoney

B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers（障碍）

C.Hardworkpaysoff

D.Educationisthekeytosuccess

9.Thisincredibleexperienceliftedmyspirits.EverytimeIsawMelduringgamesonTVasIawaitedmy

transplant,Irepeatedtomyself“LookatMel.Ifhecandoit,socanI.”

题：Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Theskillstaughtbymyformercoach

B.Thetransplantgivenbythesamedoctors

C.Mybaseballteamhelpingmeout

D.Mycoach?sspiritsshiningonme

10.ElenaGriffinghasjustspenther72ndyearworkingforthesameSanFranciscoBayAreahospital,andshehas

noplanstostopworkinganytimesoon.Thehospitalhasseenherresent92ndbirthday....

...Now,sheislivingaregularandcomfortablelife,enjoyinggardening,jazzandcomingtowork.Ifshehasher

way,she'llkeepworking“untiltheythrowmeoutortheycarrymeoutinabox”.

题：Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Nevertoooldtowork

B.Aright-handwoman

C.Theoldestwomaninthehospital

D.Anoldwomanwithoutherappendix

11.InOctober,Itoldtheeight-year-oldsintheclassIteachinPomptonLakes,NewJersey,aboutmyplan."I'd

likeallofyoutodoextrajobsaroundthehousetoearnsomemoney,“Isaid."Thenwewillbuyfoodforadinner

forsomeonewhomightnothaveanicedinnerotherwise.,,Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirown

powertoeffectchange....

...Inthatonebriefmoment,theyhadseenforthemselvesthepowertheypossessedtomakeanother'slifebetter.

题：Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Myteachingcareer

B.Howtohelppoorpeople

C.Theimportanceofgiving

D.Ahappyshoppingexperience

12.Therearealwayssomestoriesinthelifethatcanhardlybeforgottenandwillrestoreourhopeforholidays

everytimewerecollect.

题：Whatcanserveasthetitleforthetext?

A.AnunexpectedNewYeardinner

B.Ahard-wonNewYearpresent

C.AtreasuredNewYearmemory

D.Alife-changingNewYearexperience

13.Whenplumbing（管道设备）makesfunnynoises,ifsnotalwaysagoodsign.ButJohnKovac,aharpist（竖琴

演奏者）fromVirginia,likesthepipestosing.Hethinksplumbingpipesmakegoodmusicalinstruments.

题：Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.MusicalPlumbing

B.AWonderfulHarpist

C.APlumber'sMusicDream

D.TheEastCoastPVCBand

14.Peopledisagreeaboutwhethertheluckcomesforfindingorpossessingaclover.Somebelievethattheluckis

lostifthefour-leafcloverisshowntosomebodyelse,whileothersthinkthattheluckdoublesifitisgiven

away.Ibelievethatpositivityisincreasedbysharing.Ifeelluckytofindthecloverssooften,butIdon'tthink

theyinfluencemylifeanymorethanitdoestoshareanythingalittlespecialwithafriendorastranger.

题：Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Toadvisereaderstolookforclovers.

B.Toencouragereaderstosharesomethingwithothers.

C.Toshowreaderstheinfluenceofgoodluck.

D.Totellreadersthewayofkeepingclovers.

15....Hecontinued,44Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.”

ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation（流通）.Minniestrikesmeas

thekindofwomenwhogoesonforever.

题：Whichofthefollowingbestconveysthemessage?

A.Kindnessisthekeythatunlockstheheart.

B.Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove.

C.Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.

D.Itisingivingthatwereceive.

参考答案

1.C.本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段首句中的itdawnonme…andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.

可知，作者教会了儿子在逆境中学会坚持，儿子则通过篮球比赛让我明白了输赢并不重要，重要的是坚

持。故选C。

2.D.本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段上半部分能够推测出女儿要离开家了而身为母亲我非常不舍。由本

段最后一句中的withourloveandsupport,...yettokeepmovingforward.得知女儿带着家人的爱和期待,

自信勇敢的开始人生新的阶段。故选D。

3.C.本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段最后两句得知，单独一个人，他们两个中的任意一个都会死，但两

个人一起却成功做到了。C选项联手完成的奇迹符合题意。故选C。

4.C.本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段最后一句中的banningthesmallscreen可知我在旅途中禁止了孩子看

手机或其他电子产品，并且认为自己做了很正确的选择。故选C。

5.B.本题截取自记叙文的首段和尾段。首段首两句即点明文章的主旨：ifonly是世界上最悲伤的语言；

我人生目标就是不去说这两个词。尾段又进一步阐述。故选B。

6.D.本题截取自记叙文尾段。根据本段中最后一句话——...然后把注意力集中在你的内在核心，那光、

那火和那力量的滋养——可以推测作者意识到我们应该把注意力集中在自己身上。故选D。

7.A.本题截取自记叙文尾段。由最后一句——奇迹等着我们，就在拐角处（就在不远的前方）——与A

选项永远不要放弃希望对应。故选A。

8.C.本题截取自记叙文尾段。从本段第二句得知Jennifer为了学业做了很多牺牲。再