Unit10语法英语-介词

什么是介词？它的作用是什么？02Hegoestoschoolbybike（名词）.04Thebookisonthedesk（名词）.Heisinterestedin

drawing（动名词）.0301Lookatme（代词).介词(preposition简写prep.)又称作前置词，通常位于名词或代词之前，表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系。介词的分类表示时间的介词表示位置、方位的介词常用“一词多用”介词CONTENTS01020304其他用途的介词05考点一介词的分类PART01介词的分类简单介词短语介词合成介词in,on,at,for,by,from,about,with,since,after,before,ago,by,tillwithin,without,inside,outside,into,throughoutbecauseof,insteadof,lookforwardto,inspiteof,accordingto,owingto考点二表示时间的介词介词用法练习at表示“在某一时刻”，通常放在时间点前①

atnoon/night②

inthe21stcentury③inwinter

④onJanuary1st

⑤in2018

⑥inJune⑦onFriday

⑧inthe

morning⑨atseveno’clockon表示“在具体的某一天”in表示“在某个世纪、年、季节、月及泛指的上午、下午、晚上”1.

at,on,in的辨析1.Filltheblankswithproperpreposition.①

onthemorning

ofOctober1st

②

onarainy

afternoon

③

onanevening

withheavysnow

当morning、afternoon、evening被其他词所修饰，表示特指的某一天早、中、晚时，前面的介词应用on。2.Translation.①下周一我将要去上海。IwillgotoShanghainext

Monday.②你去年去了巴黎吗？DidyougotoParislast

year?当morning、afternoon、evening、Monday（星期）、January（月份）、year、week等名词前有this、that、last、next等词修饰时，其前面的介词通常省略。介词用法for后面常接时间段，表示“一段时间；动作所持续的时间”，多与完成时连用；可用来回答“howlong”发起的提问in后面常接时间段，表示“在……之后”，用于将来时态；可用来回答“howsoon”发起的提问

since后面常接时间点，表示“自……以来（直到现在）”，多与完成时连用after后面常接时间点，表示“在……之后”，多用于过去时2.for,in,since,after的辨析2.for,in,since,after的辨析①­—Howlonghaveyoubeenateacher？

—（Ihavebeenateacher）for7years.②—Howsoonwillyoufinishthetask？

—（Iwillfinishthetask）inabout2hours.③ShehasstudiedinEnglandsince2017.④Theystarteddancingafter3o’clockp.m.3.before,by,till,until的辨析介词用法举例before表示“在……以前”，用于完成时①He

said

he

had

finished

the

work

three

days

before.

②The

train

leaves

at

8

o’clock,

so

you’d

better

be

there

by

7:50.③The

park

is

open

till

/until5

p.m.by表示“在……以前，不迟于；到……为止”till/until表示“直到……为止”

(

)①—WhenisHenry’sbirthdayparty,Lynn?

—________abouttwoo’clockintheafternoon.

A.InB.AtC.OnD.To

(

)②Shehasbeenill________severaldays.

A.forB.inC.sinceD.after

B即时巩固A(

)③Hehasn’theardfromhisson________lastwinter.

A.at B.in C.since D.for

C即时巩固考点三表示位置、方位的介词PART04in表示“在……”，后接较大的地点at表示“在……”，后接较小的地点①He

lives

at

No.27

Zhongshan

street

in

Wuhan.②I’llwaitforyouatthebusstop.belowonunderaboveover①There

is

an

apple

on

the

table.②There

is

a

bridge

over

theChangjiang

river.③They

sat

under

a

big

appletree,

drinking.④Abirdflewaboveourheads.⑤Theshipdisappearedbelowthehorizon.bybesidenearnextto①Abankwasbuiltnearourschool.②Sitdownby/besideme.③Webothlookeddownatthenewspaperbesidehim.④Who’stheboystandingnexttoyou?betweenamongaroundoutside①WhatJackhaddonewasbeyondmycomprehension.②Heidentifiedhisbaggageamonghundredsofothers.③Therearemanytreesandflowersaroundthehouse.④Itfeelscoldoutside.⑤Goinsidethehouse.⑥ThisshipwentbetweenChinaandJapan.insidebeyondinfrontofinthefrontofbehind①Thereisacomputerinthefrontoftheclassroom.②Ariverflowsinfrontofthehouse.③Hesatbehindme.alongacrossthrough①Isawthemrunningtogetheralongtheroadyesterday.②It'ssomuchsafertogetacrosstheroadwithtrafficlights.③Themoonlightpouredinthroughthewindow.【例】Twoplanesareflying________thecity.

A.throughB.onC.overD.below【正确选项】C【考查内容】方位介词over的用法【答题分析】句意：两架飞机正在城市上方飞翔。through表示“穿过”，强调从内部穿过；

on表示“在……上面”，表面相互接触；over表示“在……正上方”，二者不接触；below表示“在……下方，低于……”，故选C项。

(

)①Thestreetistoonarrowforthebustogo________.

A.throughB.acrossC.onD.in

(

)②Doyouseethekite________thebuilding?

A.overB.acrossC.onD.above

B即时巩固D(

)③Tomtoldmehisparentshadarrived________Beijing.

A.at B.on C.in D.to

即时巩固CFilltheblankswithproperprepositionsaccordingtothecontextsandpictures.1.

Heputthecomputeronthedesk.2.ImetMaryattheschoolgatethismorning.3.Thereisacatunderthetable.4.Hesawmanyhillsandriversbelowtheplane.5.Sheisholdinganumbrellaoverherhead.6.Anairplaneflewabovetheclouds.7.LilysatbetweenJackandTom.8.Amysmileshappilyamongthechildren.9.OurEnglishteacherisspeakinginthefrontoftheclassroom.10.Thereisayardinfrontofmywindow.11.Theywalkedacrosstheroadcarefully.12.Thepathgoesthroughtheforest.13.Thestudentsstoodaroundtheteacher.14.Myfamilyoftenhaveawalkalongtheriver.考点四其他用途的介词PART05介词用法举例in表示“用……”，后接表语言或材料的词汇CanyouspeakinEnglish?Shewroteinpencil.with表示“用……工具”，后接表工具的词汇，工具前必须加冠词或物主代词Pleasefillinthisformwithapen.by表示“用……”，强调工具或者手段（多用于交通工具），“by+交通工具”中间不能加冠词。Weusuallygotoschoolbybus.on多用于固定词组talkonthephone

，onfoot介词用法举例for表示“因为……”，词组：befamousforWuhanisfamousforitsdeliciousfood.from表示“来自于/由于……（外在的原因）”Hediedfromcaraccident.of表示“来自于/由于……（内在的原因）”Hediedofcancer.with表示“由外在影响到肉体或心理”的原因Heshoutedloudlywithanger.介词用法举例like表示“像……一样；如同”HelookslikeFatherChristmas.他长得像圣诞老人。as表示“作为；以……的身份”Weselectedhimasourmonitor.我们选他作我们的班长。

(

)—What’stheTVnews________?

—TheChineseTeamwonfivegoldmedalsatWorldTableTennisChampionships.

A.atB.acrossC.aboveD.about

即时巩固D

(

)③Nowadays,somemobilephonescantakephotos________acamera.

A.for B.of C.like D.as

(

)④Wethinkitimpolite________himtoasktheladyherage.

A.for B.of C.like D.as

CB考点五常用“一词多用”介词PART0201020304inthecar①在……里面insummer②在……时候，后接年、月、季节in2hours③在……之后，后接时间段inChinese④用……（语言、材料）in010203onthefloor①在……上面onFriday②在……时候，后接日期、星期atextbookonthehistoryofChina③关于on010203athome①在……（后接小地点）at7o’clocka.m.②在……时候，后接时间点atalowprice③以……(后接速度、价格)attorunforexercise①为了……，表目的IoncetaughtMathfor2years.②因为，由于……，表原因tocryforpain③后接时间段，表动作持续的时间Ipaid$50forit.④以……价格(或支付)；交换；作为……的补偿）forbytogobythebook①根据，依据……madebyhand②通过……（方式、手段）bybike③使用……（交通工具）Bebackbyteno’clock.④到……为止，在……以前ahousebyariver⑤在……附近，旁边Imetherbychance.⑥因为，由于……from

noontomidnight①从……，后接时间tosufferfromacold

遭受，蒙受；经受；体验到(痛苦等)②从……，后接地点togofromLondontoParis③由于……，由……引起fromabout5o’clockastoryaboutlove①大约②关于about2413with①和……一起Staywithme.②带着……，表伴随的一种状态enterwithconfidence③用……工具tostirwithaspoon④因为，由于……faintwithhunger饿得发晕【例】Theyfought________theirfreedom.

A.atB.inC.forD.to【正确选项】C

【考查内容】介词for的用法

【答题分析】结合句意“他们为了自由而战。”

选项中只有介词for可以表示“为了……”，故选C项。

(

)①Iamsorry________whatIsaidtoyou.

A.atB.inC.forD.to

(

)②Sheissinging________morningtonight.

A.fromB.inC.sinceD.after

C即时巩固A真题回顾

2.(2016年)

Don'tworry！Iwillbeback________aminute.

A．forB.sinceC.inD.after

C3.（2015年）

ZhangMincouldn'tdrawmoney________theATMbecauseheforgotthepin.

A.fromB.toC.withD.forA基础训练1.

Igotane-maillastnight.Itwas________myforeignfriend,Tony.A.inB.onC.atD.from2.

StephenoftenpracticesEnglish________chattingwithhisAmericanfriend.A.inB.byC.forD.with3.

Mary’steacherwassomad________herbecauseshemadetoomanymistakesinthetest.A.atB.inC.onD.aboutDBA4.

Maxalwayschatwithhisfriends________English.A.onB.inC.atD.for5.

Oh,it’syou,Jack!Yourvoicesoundsverydifferent________thephone.A.fromB.inC.ofD.on6.

Whentheschoolbuildingbegantoshake,theteachersrandownstairs_________allthestudents.Theteachersareheroesinmyheart.A.afterB.withC.sinceD.forBDA7.

________ateacher,Anitathinksthathermaindutyistohelpthestudentstobecomebetterlearners.A.ByB.AsC.AboutD.for8.

Thelittlegirlhelpedtheoldwoman_________theroad.A.aboveB.throughC.acrossD.over9.

Cocousuallygetsupearly_______themorning.A.onB.atC.inD.ofBCC10.

Sallyisveryhappy.Thereisabigsmile_________herface.A.on B.to C.in D.at11.

_________myopinion,theexperiencesinone’schildhoodwillaffectitscharacter.A.To B.In C.For D.Among12.

TFboysarepopular________theteenagers.A.aroundB.betweenC.duringD.amongABD能力提升1.

Thesuitfittedhimwell________thecolourwasalittledarker.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.exceptwhenD.besides

2.

Whatdoyouoftendo_________twoclassestorelaxyourself?—Listentosomelightmusic.A.overB.amongC.betweenD.through3.

Herweddingwas________asunnymorning.A.atB.inC.onD.toBCC4.—Howsooncanyoufinishthereadingtask?