2022-2023学年陕西省宝鸡市金台区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高中英语精品试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省宝鸡市金台区2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AItwasabout10:15p.m.JaniceEspositogotoffthetrainattheBellport,NewYork,gotintohercarandbegandrivinghome.Shehadtraveledtheroutesomanytimesthatshealmostdroveautomatically:aleftontoStationRoad,thenaleftonMontaukHighway,andthen—bang!OutofnowhereacarcrashedintoEsposito’scar,pushingherbackwardsome100feetontotherailroadtracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shegotstuckinthevehicle.Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasgettingreadyforbedwhenheheardthecrashcomingfromnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Avolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher,DiPinto,64,neverstoppedtothink.Hegrabbedaflashlightandrushedout.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid,”hesaid.“We’realwaysonduty.”Thefirstcarhecameupon,2,000feetfromhisfrontyard,wastheonethathadhitEsposito.OncemakingsurethedriverwasOK,helookedaroundandspottedEsposito’scarstraddling(骑跨)therailroadtracks.Andthenheheardabellsound,whichsignaledacomingtrain.DiPintorushedtoEsposito’scarandhitonthedriver’ssidewindow.Shejustlookedathim,“Idon’tknowwhereIam,”shesaid.“You’reontherailroadtracks,”DiPintoyelled.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Thetrainwastravelingataspeedof65milesperhourtowardthem.Thedriver’sdoorcouldn’tbeopenedduetothecrash,soDiPintorantothepassengerside.Hethrewopenthedoor,pushedasidetheairbags,seizedEsposito’sarms,andpulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilhefinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasquicklyashecould.Withinseconds,thetraincrashedintothecar.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,”DiPintotoldreportersthenextday.“Lastnight,”saidGregMiglinoChiefoftheSouthCountryAmbulance,“theheroarrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.”1.Whatcanweknowabouttheaccidentfromthefirstparagraph?A.Espositowasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.B.Espositowasdrivingtoofast.C.Thecrashwasviolent.D.Itshouldhavebeenavoided.2.Whywasthesituationsodangerous?A.Espositowasbadlyinjured.B.Espositowastobehitbythetrain.C.Espositowasfirmlystuckinthecar.D.Thedriver’sdoorcouldn’tbeopened.3.WhatdoesGregMiglinoreallymean?A.HeispraisingDiPinto’sheroicaction.B.DiPintodidn’tactasprofessionally.C.Afirefightershouldbereadyanytime.D.Firetrucksarenotenoughforemergencies.4.HowdidDiPintofeelfacingtheemergency?A.Regretful B.Calm C.Powerful D.Nervous5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Awomanhadanaccidentonthewayhomeatnight.B.Awomanhadanarrowdeathescape.C.Afirefightermanagedtobecomeaheroovernight.D.Afirefightersavedawomanfromafurtheraccident.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D〖导语〗这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JaniceEsposito在回家的路上出了车祸，被卡在火车铁轨上，幸亏住在附近的志愿消防员DiPinto听到车祸的撞击声后，来不及换衣服就穿着睡衣赶到了现场，并且在火车撞到Esposito之前，救下了她。事后，南方救护车的负责人GregMiglino形容DiPinto是穿着睡衣的英雄。〖1题详析〗细节理解题。根据第一段中“OutofnowhereacarcrashedintoEsposito’scar,pushingherbackwardsome100feetontotherailroadtracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shegotstuckinthevehicle.(突然一辆车撞上了Esposito的车，把她向后推了100英尺，倒在铁轨上。她受伤了，但主要是被碰撞和弹出的安全气囊震惊了，她被卡在了车里)”可知，车祸很惨烈。故选C。〖2题详析〗细节理解题。根据第四段中“Andthenheheardabellsound,whichsignaledacomingtrain.(这时，他听到了一声火车钟声，表明火车来了)”以及倒数第三段中“Thetrainwastravelingataspeedof65milesperhourtowardthem.(火车正以每小时65英里的速度向他们驶来)”可知，Esposito快被火车撞了，这使得情况万分危急。故选B。〖3题详析〗推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Withinseconds,thetraincrashedintothecar.(几秒钟后，火车就撞上了那辆汽车)”以及最后一段中“theheroarrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck.(英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐在消防车里)”结合上文讲述穿着睡衣就赶到车祸现场的DiPinto，在火车撞到Esposito之前，救了Esposito，因此是穿着睡衣的英雄。即GregMiglino真正的意思是在赞扬DiPinto的英雄行为。故选A。〖4题详析〗推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““You’reontherailroadtracks,”DiPintoyelled.“Wehavetogetyouoffrightnow!”Thetrainwastravelingataspeedof65milesperhourtowardthem.Thedriver’sdoorcouldn’tbeopenedduetothecrash,soDiPintorantothepassengerside.Hethrewopenthedoor,pushedasidetheairbags,seizedEsposito’sarms,andpulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilhefinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasquicklyashecould.(“你在铁轨上。”迪平托喊道。“我们必须马上把你弄下来!”火车正以每小时65英里的速度向他们驶来。由于撞车事故，驾驶座的门打不开，迪平托跑到副驾驶座。他推开车门，推开安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从副驾驶座位上拉过来，直到最后把她救出来，以最快的速度带她到安全的地方)”可知，在紧急关头DiPinto有条不紊地把JaniceEsposito从车中拖出来，并带到安全的地方。由此推知，面对紧急情况时DiPinto是冷静的。故选B。〖5题详析〗主旨大意题。根据主要讲述了JaniceEsposito在回家的路上出了车祸，被卡在火车铁轨上，幸亏住在附近的志愿消防员DiPinto听到车祸的撞击声后，来不及换衣服就穿着睡衣赶到了现场，并且在火车撞到Esposito之前，救下了她。事后，南方救护车的负责人GregMiglino形容DiPinto是穿着睡衣的英雄。可知，D选项“一名消防员从一起车祸事故中救出一名女子”最适合作文章标题。故选D。BLimericks(五行打油)areusuallywittyorhumorous,andhavefivelines:thefirsttworhyme,thetwointhemiddlerhyme,andthelastlinerhymeswiththefirsttwolines.Hereishowtowritealimerick.Pickwhatyouwouldlikeyourlimericktobeabout.Itcouldheaboutmice,atree,aperson,orwhatever._______Don’tenditwithsomethingyoucan’trhyme—like“orange”.Startitlike“Thereoncewasamanwhoatelimes(酸橙)”orsomethinglikethat.Yournextlinehastorhymewiththefirstline.Ifyouuse“Thereoncewasamanwhoatelimes”,yoursecondlinecouldbelike“Heatethemallthetime”or“Andsampledvariouswines”.YourlimerickwouldnowhelikeThereoncewasamanwhoatelimes/Andsampledvariouswines.Thethirdandfourthlineshavetoberelatedtothefirstpartofyourlimerick,butarenotwiththesamerhyme.Theycouldhelike,Hewouldn’ttouchatomato/Ittastedtoomuchlikepotatoesorsomethingalongthoselines.Thefifthlinemustrhymewiththefirsttwolines.Yourlastlinecouldhelike,“Andpotatoes,youknow,donotshine”orsomethinglikethat.Yourentirelimerickwouldbekindoflikethis:Thereoncewasamanwhoatelimes/Andsampledvariouswines/Hewouldn’ttouchatomato/Ittastedtoomuchlikepotatoes/Andpotatoes,youknow,donotshine.Ifyoudon’tlikeyourlimerick,youcanalwaysgobackandchangeit.It’snotpermanent.6.Whatshouldbecaredaboutmosttowritelimericks?A.Thelength. B.Therhyme.C.Thestructure. D.Thestyle.7.Fromthetextwecanknowthat_________.A.eachlineofthelimerickshouldberhymedB.limericksmusthaveasenseofhumorC.thereisnolimittothecontentoflimericksD.everylimerickisapermanentone8.Whichcanmostproperlyfittheblankinthetext?A.Consideryourlimerick.B.Decideaperfectcontent.C.Careforyourwords.D.Startyourfirstline.9.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthetext?A.BygivinganexampleB.Bytestingsometheories.C.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D.Byfollowingthetimeorder.10.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoanalyzelimericksexactlyB.HowtowritealimerickC.HowtoappreciatealimerickD.Howtoorganizefivelinesintoalimerick〖答案〗6.B7.C8.D9.A10.B〖祥解〗这是一篇说明文，举例说明了如何写出优美的五行打油诗，并着重分析了每一行的写法。〖6题详析〗细节理解题。由第一段“thefirsttworhyme,thetwointhemiddlerhyme,andthelastlinerhymeswiththefirsttwolines”可知，前两个押韵，中间两个押韵，最后一行与前两行押韵。所以再结合下文举的例子可知，写五行打油诗的时候，要注意哪一行和哪一行押韵。故判断出写打油诗最应该关心的是押韵。故B选项正确。〖7题详析〗细节理解题。由第二段“Pickwhatyouwouldlikeyourlimericktobeabout.Itcouldbeaboutmice,atree,aperson,orwhatever”可知，选择你想要的打油诗。可能是关于老鼠，树，人，或者其他什么的。所以判断出对于五行打油诗的内容没有限制。故C选项正确。〖8题详析〗推理判断题。由第四段“Yournextlinehastorhymewiththefirstline.第五段“Thethirdandfourthlineshavetoberelatedtothefirstpartofyourlimerick,butarenotwiththesamerhyme.”第六段“Thefifthlinemustrhymewiththefirsttwolines.”可知，你的下一行必须和第一行押韵。第三和第四行必须与你的打油诗的第一部分有关，但不是押韵的。第五行必须与前两行押韵。所以，打油诗从第二行到第五行怎么写，都与第一行怎么写有直接的关系。故判断出“开始写你的第一行”最适合文本中的空白处。故D选项正确。〖9题详析〗推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Thereoncewasamanwhoatelimes/Andsampledvariouswines/Hewouldn’ttouchatomato/Ittastedtoomuchlikepotatoes/Andpotatoes,youknow,donotshine.”可知，这是最终写成的打油诗，之前作者在讲解如何写五行打油诗的时候，将这首打油诗一一进行分解以例子的形式来进行解释说明。所以判断出作者是通过列举来展开短文的。故A选项正确。〖10题详析〗主旨大意题。由第二段“Pickwhatyouwouldlikeyourlimericktobeabout”第三段“Startyourfirstline.Yournextlinehastorhymewiththefirstline”第四段“Thethirdandfourthlineshavetoberelatedtothefirstpartofyourlimerick,butarenotwiththesamerhyme”.第五段“Thefifthlinemustrhymewiththefirsttwolines.Yourentirelimerickwouldbekindoflikethis”可知，选一首你喜欢的打油诗，开始你的第一行。你的下一行必须与第一行押韵“第三和第四行必须与你的打油诗的第一部分相关，但不是押韵的”。第五行必须与前两行押韵。你的打油诗就像这样。所以作者通过对打油诗的内容，以及并着重分析了每一行的写法，举例说明了如何写出优美的五行打油诗。故判断出短文是围绕着“如何写五行打油诗”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“如何写五行打油诗”。故B选项正确。CShouldhumansexplorespace?Ifyouaskme,I’lldefinitelygiveapositiveanswer.Thespaceexplorationhasadirectimpactonthelivesofhumans,aswellasthestateofourworld.Satellitesmovingaroundtheearthenablecommunicationacrosstheworld,connectingpeopleofdifferentcontinentsandbroadcastinginformationworldwide.TheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)canidentifyourlocationanywhere.Furthermore,weathersatellitescanforecastharmfulweatherconditions,whichallowshumanstopreparefordeadlynaturaldisastersandsavelives.Spaceprogramscanalsoindirectlyleadtothesolutiontopovertyandworldhunger.Forexample,largeplotsoflandcouldbeusedfarbetterifhumansappliedtechnologies.Themosteffectivetoolistheartificialearthsatellite.Itcanscreenareasoflandwithinaveryshorttime,indicatingusefulmeasures,suchastheconditionofcrops,soil,rainfall,anddroughts.Itcanthentransmitthisinformationtogroundstationsontheearthforbetteruse.Inrecentyears,space-basedtechnologieshavebecomeanimportantfactortoreachandexpandglobalhealthobjectives.Informationprovidedbyremotetechnologiescanbeappliedtostudytheepidemiology(流行病学).Thisdataprovidedbyspacetechnologiescanmonitordiseasepatterns,understandtheenvironmentalcausesthatspreadit,makepredictionsaboutwhereitcanspreadinthefuture,andmakeplanstofightitefficiently.Furthermore,spaceexplorationissomethingwecandoforfuturegenerations.Mankindisusingtheresourcesprovidedontheplanet,butthesewillrunoutoneday.Overpopulationcanbeanexistentialthreatforallmankind.Withtheadvancementofspacetechnology,itwillbewisetouseandexplorethevastpotentialofotherplanets,suchastheavailabilityofminingresourcesonasteroidsorotherplanets.Fortheexplorationoftheuniverse,perhapsthemostadvantageousofallisthatitwilluniteustoworktogetherforacommonpurpose,regardlessofourdifferences.11.WhatcanspaceexplorationdoaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Improvethetrafficontheearth.B.Helphumanscommunicateandspreadinformation.C.Helppreventdeadlynaturaldisasters.D.Promotetravelbetweencountries.12.Howcanspaceprogramshelpsolvepovertyandworldhunger?A.Bybenefitingcropproductionwithartificialearthsatellites.B.Bytransportingfoodworldwidemoreeasily.C.Bycreatingjobopportunitiesforthepoor.D.Byprotectingavailablelandresources.13.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofminingresourcesonotherplanets?A.Time-wasting. B.Arguable. C.Unnecessary. D.Rewarding.14.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toaskpeopletoexplorespaceindependently.B.Toencouragepeopletoexplorespacecooperatively.C.Totellthereaderstheimportanceofexploringspace.D.Toshowthereaderstheadvantagesofexploringspace.15.Whatisthetext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Ashortstory.C.Anargumentativeessay. D.Anewsreport.〖答案〗11.B12.A13.D14.B15.C〖导语〗这是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论。〖11题详析〗细节理解题。根据第二段“Thespaceexplorationhasadirectimpactonthelivesofhumans,aswellasthestateofourworld.Satellitesmovingaroundtheearthenablecommunicationacrosstheworld,connectingpeopleofdifferentcontinentsandbroadcastinginformationworldwide.TheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)canidentifyourlocationanywhere.Furthermore,weathersatellitescanforecastharmfulweatherconditions,whichallowshumanstopreparefordeadlynaturaldisastersandsavelives.”（太空探索直接影响着人类的生活，也影响着我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世界广播信息。全球定位系统(GPS)可以在任何地方确定我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生命。）可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。故选B项。〖12题详析〗细节理解题。根据第三段“Spaceprogramscanalsoindirectlyleadtothesolutiontopovertyandworldhunger.Forexample,largeplotsoflandcouldbeusedfarbetterifhumansappliedtechnologies.Themosteffectivetoolistheartificialearthsatellite.Itcanscreenareasoflandwithinaveryshorttime,indicatingusefulmeasures,suchastheconditionofcrops,soil,rainfall,anddroughts.Itcanthentransmitthisinformationtogroundstationsontheearthforbetteruse.”（太空计划还可以间接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技术，大片土地可以得到更好的利用。最有效的工具是人造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后，它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地使用。）可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。故选A项。〖13题详析〗推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Withtheadvancementofspacetechnology,itwillbewisetouseandexplorethevastpotentialofotherplanets,suchastheavailabilityofminingresourcesonasteroidsorotherplanets.”（随着太空技术的进步，利用和探索其他行星的巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿资源的可用性。）可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资源这一行为认为是有意义的。故选D项。〖14题详析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fortheexplorationoftheuniverse,perhapsthemostadvantageousofallisthatitwilluniteustoworktogetherforacommonpurpose,regardlessofourdifferences.”（对于宇宙的探索来说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧。）可推知，最后一段的目的是鼓励人们合作探索太空。故选B项。〖15题详析〗推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Shouldhumansexplorespace?Ifyouaskme,I’lldefinitelygiveapositiveanswer.”（人类应该探索太空吗？如果你问我，我一定会给你肯定的答复。）可知，文章主要讲的是人类是否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论。故可推知，这篇文章应该属于议论文。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Familyconflictaffectseveryone.____16____,youmaywanttomediate(调解)tomakeeveryone'slifeeasier.It'sworthittotrytosmooththingsover.●____17____.Itcanbedifficulttolookatfamilysituationsobjectively，sobeforetryingtomediatedisagreements,makesureyoulookatallsidesoftheargument.Whileyoushouldn'ttakesideswhentryingtomediate,youdon'twantanymoretothinkyouareoverlookingtheirpointofview.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhyeveryonefeelswrongedorhurtinasituation.●Encourageeveryonetocontroltheirfeelings.It'snotuncommonfortensionstorunhighwhendiscussingfamilyconflict.____18____.Trytocontroltheemotionaloutburstsasmuchasyoucan.Whileeveryonehasarighttotheirpersonalfeelings,makeitclearthesefeelingsmustbeexpressedinanappropriate,productiveway.●Tryhardforforgiveness.Evenifyouwerenotdirectlyinvolvedintheargument,youareprobablyaffectedbytheatmosphereinsomeway.Chooseforgiveness.Remember,youcan'tcontrolsomeoneelse'sactionsbutyoucancontrolyourownresponse.Youcanalsoencourageotherfamilymemberstoforgive.____19____.●Workonfixingtherelationships.____20____,youcanoffersuggestionshowfamilymemberscouldbettertreatoneanotherinthefuture.Thinkaboutwhathasbeensaidduringmediation.Lookforareaswherechangeisneeded.Youshouldalsoagreetoworkactivelyonlettinggooftheconflict.Forexample,"forthenextcoupleofmonths,let'sagreenottobringthisup."A.Thinkabouteveryone'sviewB.HaveahealthydiscussionC.TheremaybetimeswhenpeoplegetsensitiveandangryD.Ifthere’sanongoingargumentbetweenfamilymembersE.Althoughit'snotyourjobtoofferexactcausesofactionF.IfafamilymemberreactsveryviolentlytoanunimportantaffairG.However,rememberyoucannotforcesomeonetofeelaparticularway〖答案〗16.D17.A18.C19.G20.E〖祥解〗这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍四种调解家庭矛盾的方法，维护家庭和睦。〖16题详析〗从句子结构上分析可知，此处需填入一个从句，上文“Familyconflictaffectseveryone.”（家庭冲突影响到每个人。）中conflict（冲突）与D项Ifthere’sanongoingargumentbetweenfamilymembers（如果家庭成员之间有持续的争吵）中的argument（争吵）意思上呼应。且与下文“youmaywanttomediate(调解)tomakeeveryone'slifeeasier.”（你可能想要调解，让每个人的生活更轻松。）意义一致，构成条件状语从句。故选D项。〖17题详析〗此处需填入段落小标题，根据下文“Whileyoushouldn'ttakesideswhentryingtomediate,youdon'twantanymoretothinkyouareoverlookingtheirpointofview.”（当你试图调解时，你不应该偏袒任何一方，你不想让任何人觉得你忽视了他们的想法。）可知本段主要讲述在调解矛盾之前要客观公正地考虑到各方的观点，不偏不倚地调解家庭矛盾。因而A项Thinkabouteveryone'sview（考虑每个人的想法）适合作为本段的主旨句。故选A项。〖18题详析〗上文“It'snotuncommonfortensionstorunhighwhendiscussingfamilyconflict.”（在讨论家庭冲突时，紧张情绪高涨并不罕见）中的tensions（紧张）和下文“Trytocontroltheemotionaloutburstsasmuchasyoucan.”（尽量控制情绪的爆发。）中的emotionaloutbursts（情绪爆发）与C项Theremaybetimeswhenpeoplegetsensitiveandangry（有时人们会变得敏感和愤怒）中的sensitiveandangry（敏感和愤怒）形成呼应关系。故选C项。〖19题详析〗根据上文“Remember,youcan'tcontrolsomeoneelse'sactionsbutyoucancontrolyourownresponse.Youcanalsoencourageotherfamilymemberstoforgive.”（记住，你不能控制别人的行为，但是你可以控制自己的反应。你也可以鼓励其他家庭成员原谅他人。）中的can’t、can、but可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，G项However,rememberyoucannotforcesomeonetofeelaparticularway（但是，请记住，你不能强迫某人以特定的方式感受）中However表示转折，句意也符合语境。故选G项。〖20题详析〗分析句子结构可知，此处需填入一个从句，下文“youcanoffersuggestionshowfamilymemberscouldbettertreatoneanotherinthefuture.”（你可以提出建议，使家庭成员在将来可以更好地相互对待。）与E项Althoughit'snotyourjobtoofferexactcausesofaction（虽然对某种行为给出确切的理由不是你的任务）构成连贯的语意关系。前后为转折关系。故选E项。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afterthenationalsciencecompetition,IwasfrustratedthatIwasnotallowedtoenterit.Isatinthecar,lostin____21____,chewingonmylipandstaringoutside.Iwentupstairs,____22____anddesperate.Grandpa'sdoorwasopenformeasusual.There,hewaswaitingformy____23____withgreatexcitement.Istoodsilently,forcinga____24____tocovermysadness.Heseemedto____25____meimmediately,givingmea____26____.Iwasastonishedthatsucha____27____bodywasfullofsomuchenergy.Onlythendidmyemotionsstart____28____out.Itoldhimthatallmy____29____werefornothing,andthatIwasfeelingdiscouraged.Grandpasmiledatme_____30_____andsaid,“Don'tworry.You'refarstrongerthanyouthink.”Thenhe_____31_____,“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneedtodoistostillhaveourhopesand_____32_____,neglectingtheanxietythatmakesit_____33_____togiveup.”Hepattedmeontheshoulder,withadeterminedlook,saying,“Cheerup.I'mfirmly_____34_____thatyouhavethecapabilitytosucceed.”Grandpa'sencouragementsoonmademysadness_____35_____.Thenextday,Ithoughtaboutallmyproblemsand_____36_____aplan.Now,Ibelievethatwithapositiveattitudetowardsfailure,I'll_____37_____reachmygoals.Lookingback,Irealizethatweshouldshareoursetbacksandprogressinlifewithour_____38_____ones.Asmygrandpashowed,the_____39_____ofourfamilymemberswill_____40_____usforever.21.A.despair B.fear C.love D.need22.A.strong B.weak C.sweet D.simple23.A.suggestion B.comment C.arrival D.discovery24.A.tear B.sigh C.smile D.signal25.A.ignore B.inspect C.order D.read26.A.pride B.hug C.challenge D.wish27.A.fine B.fit C.healthy D.thin28.A.dying B.turning C.pouring D.checking29.A.efforts B.offers C.promises D.profits30.A.gently B.generally C.suddenly D.freshly31.A.shared B.added C.helped D.served32.A.decisions B.respects C.pains D.desires33.A.difficult B.easy C.possible D.necessary34.A.supposed B.convinced C.surprised D.accustomed35.A.arise B.prevent C.disappear D.continue36.A.turnedinto B.cameacross C.workedout D.caredabout37.A.merely B.actually C.instantly D.eventually38.A.beloved B.deserved C.determined D.excited39.A.stress B.gratitude C.praise D.support40.A.benefit B.teach C.hold D.interest〖答案〗21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.A31.B32.D33.B34.B35.C36.C37.D38.A39.D40.A〖祥解〗本文是一篇记叙文。文章内容是作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧时，他的爷爷鼓励他，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，家人的支持也会给我们带来好处。〖21题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里，绝望地望着外面，咬着嘴唇。A.despair绝望；B.fear害怕；C.love爱；D.need需要。根据上文“Afterthenationalsciencecompetition,IwasfrustratedthatIwasnotallowedtoenterit.(在国家科学竞赛之后，我很沮丧，因为我没有被允许参加。)”可知，作者因为没有入选国家科学竞赛而沮丧，所以此时应该很“绝望”。故选A。〖22题详析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上楼去了。A.strong强壮的；B.weak虚弱的；C.sweet甜的；D.simple简单的。结合上文内容可知，作者因为没能入选比赛而心情沮丧，所以是“虚弱”而绝望地上楼。故选B。〖23题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在那里激动地等待着我的到来。A.suggestion建议；B.comment评论；C.arrival到达；D.discovery发现。结合语境可知，此处是指爷爷等着作者到家，告诉他事情的结果。故选C。〖24题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地站着，强颜欢笑，掩饰自己的悲伤。A.tear眼泪；B.sigh叹气；C.smile微笑；D.signal信号。根据语境和covermysadness(掩盖我的悲伤)”可知，应是挤出“微笑”掩盖悲伤，故选C。〖25题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎立刻明白了我的意思，给了我一个拥抱。A.ignore忽视；B.inspect检查；C.order命令；D.read阅读，看出。此处指爷爷。根据上文“Istoodsilently,forcingasmiletocovermysadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，此处是指作者的强颜欢笑被爷爷看出来了。故选D。〖26题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.pride骄傲；B.hug拥抱；C.challenge挑战；D.wish期望。由下一句提到“瘦的身体”可知作者爷爷给了他一个拥抱，故选B。〖27题详析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，这么瘦的身体竟然充满了这么大的能量。A.fine好的；B.fit合适的；C.healthy健康的；D.thin瘦的。结合常识可知，爷爷年龄大了，所以身体比较瘦。故选D。〖28题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始倾泻出来。A.dying死；B.turning旋转；C.pouring倾泻；D.checking核对。根据上文“Istoodsilently,forcingasmiletocovermysadness.(我静静地站着，勉强用微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。)”可知，作者一开始掩饰自己的情绪，直到爷爷拥抱他时，他才把情感“流露”出来。故选C。〖29题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了，我感到灰心丧气。A.efforts努力；B.offers提议；C.promises许诺；D.profits利润。根据“Iwasfeelingdiscouraged”可知，作者为比赛付出的努力都白费了。故选A。〖30题详析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温和地笑着对我说:“别担心。你比自己想象的要强大得多。”A.gently温柔地；B.generally一般地；C.suddenly突然地；D.freshly刚刚，接近。由语境可知，作者此时很难过，结合作者爷爷说的话和“笑着”可推知，应是“温柔地笑着说”，故选A。〖31题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说到“生活充满了起起落落，我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。”A.shared分享；B.added增加，补充（说）；C.helped帮助；D.served服务。结合语境可知“Lifecanbefullofupsanddownssowhatweneeddoistostillhaveourhopesand________,neglectingtheanxietythatmakesiteasytogiveup.”这些话是爷爷补充说的内容。故选B。〖32题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.decisions决定；B.respects尊重；C.pains疼痛；D.desires渴望。根据“hopesand”可知，此处用“渴望”符合语境，指我们任何时候都要抱有希望和渴望。故选D。〖33题详析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.difficult困难的；B.easy容易的；C.possible可能的；D.necessary必要的。由上一句提到“我们需要做的是仍然拥有我们的希望和渴望”，那么，“容易”让我们放弃对焦虑应当忽略，故选B。〖34题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了拍我的肩膀，带着坚定的表情告诉我“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A.supposed猜想；B.convinced相信；C.surprised惊讶；D.accustomed习惯于。根据下文“Grandpa’sencouragementsoonmademysadnessdisappear.(爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。)”可知，爷爷的话给了作者鼓励，由此可知，爷爷说自己“相信”作者有成功的能力。故选B。〖35题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。A.arise出现，引起；B.prevent防止；C.disappear消失；D.continue继续。由下一段内容提到“我开始做计划”和“我相信积极的态度会让我达到目标”可知，作者开始意识到积极的重要性，所以作者爷爷的鼓励让他的悲伤“消失”了，故选C。〖36题详析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A.turnedinto使变成；B.cameacross偶遇；C.workedout制定，解决，锻炼；D.caredabout关心。根据“plan”可知，是制定计划。故选C。〖37题详析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A.merely仅仅；B.actually事实上；C.instantly立刻；D.eventually最后。根据上文“Now,Ibelievethatwithapositiveattitudetowardsfailure”可知，只要用积极的态度面对失败，最后能实现自己的目标。故选D。〖38题详析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A.beloved心爱的；B.deserved值得的；C.determined坚决的；D.excited兴奋的。根据上文作者和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，此处是指要和自己所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选A。〖39题详析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A.stress压力；B.gratitude感激；C.praise赞扬；D.support支持。根据上文““Cheerup.Ifirmly______thatyouhavetheabilitytosucceed.”Grandpa’sencouragementsoonmademysadnessdisappear.”可知，爷爷对作者非常持支持，由此可知，此处是指家人的支持会对我们有益。故选D。〖40题详析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如爷爷所说，家人的支持将使我们永远受益。A.benefit使……受益；B.teach教；C.hold拿，举办；D.interest对……感兴趣。根据上文内容可知，作者在爷爷的鼓励和支持下走出沮丧，所以此处应表达，家人的“支持”会使我们收益，故选A。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。“Howareyou?”It’saquestionthatseemssimple,butitcanactuallymakepeoplefeelverystrange.Lastmonth,AlinaSimone____41____(write)inTheNewYorkTimesaboutthedifficultythatRussianshavewiththisquestion.Thissamequestion,inRussianlanguageandculture,isalwaysanswered____42____anegativemanner.InRussia,whenpeopleareasked“Howareyou?”,theyusuallycomplainabouthealth,weatherorthings____43____havehappenedrecently.Sowhenthey’reasked“Howareyou?”inEnglish,theydon’tknowwhattodo.InEnglish-speaking____44____(country),“Howareyou?”hasonestandardanswer:“Fine,andyou?”That’sbecause“Howareyou?”isnotactuallyaboutgettinginformation—it’sagreeting.IfanativeEnglish-speakingfriendreallywantstoknow____45____isgoingoninyourlife,heorsheismorelikely____46____(ask):“Whathaveyoubeenupto?”or“What’snew?”ButIunderstandwhypeopleareso____47____(confuse).Whenwelearnsecondlanguages,wehavetolearnrulesforusingwordsasmuchaswords____48____(them).Howcanyoulearnthoserules?____49____(watch)English-languageTVshowsisagoodplacetostart.Ifyoucan,trytomakeanativeEnglish-speakingfriendandtalktohimorher_____50_____(direct).〖答案〗41.wrote42.in43.which/that44.countries45.what46.toask47.confused48.themselves49.Watching50.directly〖祥解〗这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“Howareyou?”这个问题看起来很简单，但实际上却让人感觉很奇怪。这个问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答；在说英语的国家，这只是一种问候方式，而非开启沟通的“开头语”，这就需要学习语言时与实境相结合，看英文电视节目，交一个以英语为母语的朋友都是很好的方式。〖41题详析〗考查动词时态。句意：上个月，爱丽娜·西蒙妮在《纽约时报》上撰文谈到了俄罗斯人在这个问题上遇到的困难。所填空应是句子谓语动词，结合时间状语“Lastmonth”可知，应用一般过去时。故填wrote。〖42题详析〗考查介词和固定短语。句意：同样的问题，在俄罗斯语言和文化中，总是以消极的方式来回答。“ina/an+形容词+manner”，固定短语，“用……的方式”。故填in。〖43题详析〗考查定语从句关系词。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。“________havehappenedrecently”为之前名词“things”的定语从句，先行词指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。〖44题详析〗考查名词复数。句意：在俄罗斯，当别人问“你好吗?”，他们通常抱怨健康、天气或最近发生的事情。空前“English-speaking”为形容词，所填空应是名词，“country”意为“国家”，可数名词，应用复数形式泛指多个国家。故填countries。〖45题详析〗考查宾语从句连接词。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“______isgoingoninyourlife”为之前动词“know”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代物或事情，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。〖46题详析〗考查动词不定式。句意：如果一个以英语为母语的朋友真的想知道你生活中发生了什么，他或她更可能会问：“你在忙什么？或“有什么新消息？”“be(more)likelytodosth”，固定短语，“（更）有可能做某事”。故填toask。〖47题详析〗考查形容词。句意：但我理解为什么人们如此困惑。空前有系动词“are”，所填空应是形容词作表语，结合从句主语为“people”，指人，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填confused。〖48题详析〗考查反身代词。句意：当我们学习第二语言时，我们不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则。结合句子“Whenwelearnsecondlanguages,wehavetolearnrulesforusingwordsasmuchaswords_______(them)”含义可知，此句强调当学习第二语言时，不仅要学习单词本身，还要学习单词的使用规则，因此所填空应是反身代词，根据空前“words”可知，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。〖49题详析〗考查动名词作主语。句意：看英文电视节目是一个很好的起点。“_______(watch)English-languageTVshows”为句子主语，应用动名词作主语。故填Watching。〖50题详析〗考查副词。句意：如果可以的话，试着交一个以英语为母语的朋友，直接和他或她交谈。副词作状语修饰动词短语“talkto”。故填directly。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Al