基于信息交互的元胞自动机车辆换道行为模型研究

精品文档-下载后可编辑基于信息交互的元胞自动机车辆换道行为模型研究摘要:相关车辆间的信息交互可能会对车辆换道过程中待换道车辆的决策产生较大影响。基于车辆换道行为过程中的不同情形,考虑待换道车辆换道意图产生与换道行为实施的时间关系,建立综合性的车辆换道模型,该模型下车辆在不同条件时将分别执行自由换道及信息交互式换道。仿真中通过改变交通流密度和目标车道后车加速概率,结果表明,相对于其它换道模型,新模型使整个路段的交通流平均速度变大,在一定程度上能够减少路段交通拥阻,提高路段通行能力,新模型中换道行为规则更符合实际交通流状态。

Abstract:Thecourseofvehiclelane-changingbehaviornotonlydependsonthedecision-makingofvehiclereadytochangelane,butalsorelatestoinformationinteractionbetweenthevehiclereadytochangelaneandtherearvehicleonthetargetlane.Basedondifferentsituationsofvehicles’lanes-changingprocess,thetimerelationbetweenlane-changingintentionappearanceandlane-changingactionimplementationisconsidered,andthecomprehensivelane-changingmodelisbuilt.Respectively,thefreelane-changingorlanes-changingfrominformationinteractionisexecutedunderdifferentconditions.Bychangingtrafficflowdensityandtheaccelerationprobabilityoftherearvehicleontargetlane,simulationresultsshowedthattheaveragespeedofwholeroadsectionwasimprovedinthenewmodel,androadtrafficcongestionwasrelieved.Thevehiclelane-changingrulesinthenewmodelaremoreinlinewithrealtrafficflowstate.

关键词:元胞自动机换道行为换道意图信息交互

Keyword:cellularautomatalane-changingbehaviorlane-changingintentioninformationinteraction

1Foreword

Thetransportationsimulationisaneffectivetoolinstudyingtransportationsystemevolutioncharacteristicandcontrolpolicy.Inrecentyears,dotransportationsimulationusingthemodelofcellularautomata,andthenshowdifferenttendencyoftrafficflowunderdifferentconditions,hasbeenonewayusedbynumerousresearchers,becauseofthediscreteandnon-linercharacteristicsownedbytransportationsystem[1][2][3][4].Individualvehiclesisasthefundamentalresearchobjectincellularautomatontransportationmodelhands,itsmovementrenewalrulescanberevisednimbly,finallythesimplemicroscopicruleexecutionemergesthemacroscopictransportationphenomenon,thusthiskindofmodelhastheincomparablesuperiorityinthedescriptionactualtransportationphenomenonprocess.Intheresearchoflane-changingrules,animportantmodelisthesymmetricaldouble-lanecellularautomatonmodelwhichisproposedbyChowdhury(STCAmodel)[5],intheSTCAmodel'sfoundation,theresearchersmakevariousimprovementsaccordingtotheactualvehiclesbehavior,Reference[6]proposedakindoffuzzycontroltradedmodel,usingthefuzzyreasoningtosimulatethehuman’ssubjectivejudgmentprocessintheprocessofchanginglane;Reference[7],proposedamorenimbleelasticitylane-changingrule,whichisbasedonpilot'sdispositiondifference,anddiscussedtheinfluencestoeveryparameterindifferentlane-changingmodels.Reference[8]thinksintheactualtransportation,becauselane-changingvehicles'movingvelocityisdifferent,itsneedsdifferentsecuritylane-changinginterval,thereforeitproposedcellularautomatonmodelbasedonelasticityandsafetylane-changinginterval.

2MathematicalModel

Inactualtransportationenvironment,whenvehicleschangeitslane,itwillturnonthesteeringlampinordertopromptvehiclesafterthegoalvehicle.Accordingtothedifferencesof(distancebetweenthelane-changingvehicleandvehicleafteritingoallane)and(vehicle'svelocityingoallanewhichisafterthelane-changingvehicle),lane-changingbehaviorwillgenerallyhavefollowingseveralsituations:

①Whenlane-changingvehiclethinkthatandissafeenoughtochangeitslane,turnonthesteeringlampwhilechangingtothegoallane,inthissituation,belongstofreechange,andisthoughtthattheydidn'thavemutualinformation,thisisshowninFig.1;

②Whenlane-changingvehicledon'tthinkthatandissafeenoughtochangeitslane,andwanttotryit,turnonthesteeringlampbutdon'tchangetothegoallane,andmoveon,watchthereactionof,whichwillhavetwokindsofreaction:speedupormoveoninitsprimaryspeed,don'twanttochangetothegoallane;thesecondsituationisthatreducesitsspeed,inthissituation,willdonextstep.Throughtheaboveanalysis,weknowthatunderthiskindoftrafficcondition,intheprocessofchanginglaneandhavethemutualinformation,therefore,whenestablishthelane-changingmodelwemustconsiderthemovementbehaviorof.ThissituationisshowninFig.2.

Inthefirstsituation,consideringthesafeofchangingpath,hereweuseconvertedSTCAmodelasthemodel[7]ofvehicles'changinglane,whichisasfollows:

(2-1)ourmodel

respectivelymeansthedistancebetweenvehiclenandthevehiclebeforeit、thedistancebetweenvehiclenandthevehiclebeforeitinadjacentlane、thedistancebetweenvehiclenandthevehicleafteritinadjacentlane;meansthelanethevehiclenin,and=1or0.meansvehiclenisholdbackinitslane;meansthevehiclewhichisholdbackcanachieveahigherspeedinanotherlane;meansifitchangeslane,safechangingdistancematchescondition.Inthisconditionitbelongstofreelane-change,thisarticleconsidersthelane-changingintentionandlane-changingbehaviorisproducedinthesametime.

Inthesecondsituation,lane-changingintentionhasmajorimpacttotheresult.Inactualtransportationenvironment,changinglaneisinordertomoveoninahigherspeed,andthecourseoflane-changingisdividedintotwosteps:

3NumericalSimulation

Inthisarticle,wedothesimulationcontrastbetweenourmodelandSTCAmodelandSTCAIImodelinconferencerespectively,themodelusesopenboundaryconditions,themodelincludes2lanes’trafficflow,andeverylaneiscomposedbycellular,theactuallengthofeverycellularis7.5m,thecorrespondingactualpathlengthisapproximately7.5km.Innumericalsimulation,twokindsofvehiclesdistributeindiscretecellularchainatrandomwhoselengthisL,accordingtothetotaldensity.Thebiggestvelocityis,theprobabilityofslowatrandominNSmodel.

4Summary

Thesimulationshowsthat:TheaveragespeedinthismodelishigherthanSTCAmodelandSTCAIImodel,whichsuggestthattheincreaseofaveragespeedoftrafficflowdensityreducethechanceoffreechange,inthistime,vehiclesgethigherspeed,thephenomenonoflane-changingthroughtheformofinformationinteractionprocessisincreased,andthephenomenonmakesroadresourcescanbemorefullyutilized,theaveragespeedoftrafficflowisenhanced;Ontheotherhand,inhighdensityoftrafficflow,ourmodelmayletthelane-changingvehiclegettothegoallaneusinginformationinteraction,whichwillobstructinSTCAmodelandSTCAIImodel.

Reference:

[1]STEPHENW.Anewkingofscie