2024届陕西省商洛市高三上学期尖子生学情诊断考试英语试题

商洛市2024届高三尖子生学情诊断考试英语试卷考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanmanagetodo?A.Passadrivingtest.B.Savesomemoney.C.Sellhisoldcar.2.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Bored.3.What’stheweatherprobablyliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Snowy.C.Rainy.4.Whattimewillthedinnerbe?A.At5:00pm.B.At8:00pm.C.At9:00pm.5.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Areceptionist.B.Anaccountant.C.Asalesperson.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingascienceprogram.B.Performinganexperiment.C.Conductingasurvey.更多优质资源可进入/7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhogaveLucythebike?A.Hersister.B.Hermother.C.Herbrother.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisbrother?A.Heisverytalkative.B.Heisnotgenerous.C.Henevertellsalie.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirhobbies.B.Theirfriends.C.Theirbicycles.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howoldarethepaintings?A.About500yearsold.B.About1,000yearsold.C.About17,000yearsold.12.Whoistheman?A.Aprofessor.B.Atourguide.C.Apainter.13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacave.B.Inahotel.C.Inacollege.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesthewomanwantStuarttodo?A.Correcthismistakes.B.Offersomesuggestions.C.Waitforrescueworkers.15.Whyisthewomanconcernedabouthertravel?A.Shemaylosetheway.B.Shemayfeelhomesick.C.Shemaymisstheflight.16.WhoshouldthewomanturntofordirectionsaccordingtoStuart?A.Children.B.Tourists.C.Deliverymen.17.WhatdoweknowaboutStuart?A.Heisanexperiencedtraveler.B.Heisakindpoliceman.C.Heisacreativestudent.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydidthespeakermaketheappointment?ATovisithisnewneighbour.B.Tohavehishouseexamined.C.Toorganizeafamilyouting.19.WhatdidthespeakerfailtodolastMonday?A.Calltheexaminerinadvance.B.Chargethemanforhisservice.C.Makethepaperworkready.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestinthetalk?A.Stayingenergeticatalltimes.B.Alwaysbeingprepared.C.Neverfearingfailure.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANoteworthyThemeParksPeppaPigThemePark,theUSTheworld’sfirstPeppaPigThemeParkopenedinFebruary2022inFlorida.DevotedtotheclassicBritishanimatedTVshow,theparkwelcomesguestswithwell-designedactivities.TheDaddyPigridetakesfamiliesonawindyroadintheshow’sredcar.Theycanalsoenjoyadinosaurride,andplaygamesattheFairground.Ticketsfrom$34.ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,ThailandThailand’sColumbiaPicturesAquaverseopenedinOctober2022.Themovie-themedwaterparkfeaturesridesandexperiencesinspiredbypopularfilmslikeZombieland.Inadditiontotherides,theparkhostsperformancesatitsMegaWavePool,whereguestscanhangoutinthepoolwhileenjoyingmoviescreeningsandpopconcerts.Ticketsfrom$41.KatmanduPark,DominicanRepublicOpenedinMarch2023,theparkisfullofmystery(奥秘).The4Ddarkrideisbroughttolifebylightingandprojectioneffects.AnotherkeyattractionisEtherQuest,aninteractivewalk-throughexperience.Asidefromtherides,guestscanalsocheckoutasky-highropescourse,andclimbingwallsforyoungeradventurers.Ticketsfrom$120foradults:$85forchildrenforaone-usepass.LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKoreaOpenedinMay2022,theparkisdesignedfor2-to12-year-olds.ThisplayfulwonderlandisdevotedtoallthingsofLego,withmorethan40ridesandattractionsacrossseventhematiczones.Guestscangetonfamily-friendlyrides,visitLegolandLookoutforgreatparkviews,andgethands-onexperiencewithcreativeworkshops.Ticketsfrom$38foradults;$30forchildren.1.Whichofthefourthemeparksstartedtheearliest?A.KatmanduPark. B.PeppaPigThemePark.C.LegolandKoreaResort. D.ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoatColumbiaPicturesAquaverse?A.GototheFairground. B.Trythe4Ddarkride.C.Attendapopconcert. D.Experienceaworkshop.3.HowmuchshouldacouplewithachildpayatleasttovisitLegolandKoreaResort?A.$106. B.$123. C.$205. D.$240.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了世界各地的几个值得一游的主题公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据PeppaPigThemePark,theUS部分的“Theworld’sfirstPeppaPigThemeParkopenedinFebruary2022inFlorida.(世界上第一个小猪佩奇主题公园于2022年2月在佛罗里达州开放。)”、ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,Thailand部分的“Thailand’sColumbiaPicturesAquaverseopenedinOctober2022.(泰国哥伦比亚影业水世界于2022年10月开业。)”、KatmanduPark,DominicanRepublic部分的“OpenedinMarch2023(开放于2023年3月)”和LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKorea部分的“OpenedinMay2022(开放于2022年5月)”可知，开放最早的是小猪佩奇主题公园。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ColumbiaPicturesAquaverse,Thailand部分的“guestscanhangoutinthepoolwhileenjoyingmoviescreeningsandpopconcerts(客人可以在游泳池里闲逛，同时欣赏电影放映和流行音乐会)”可知，在泰国哥伦比亚影业水世界里，游客可以参加一场流行音乐会。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LegolandKoreaResort,SouthKorea部分的“Ticketsfrom$38foradults;$30forchildren.(成人票38美元起，儿童票30美元。)”可知，一对夫妇带一个孩子前往韩国乐高乐园游玩，购买门票至少需支付106（=38+38+30）美元，故选A项。BOnearlySundaymorning,awalrus,namedFreya,wasputtodeathbytheNorwegiangovernmentafterthepublicfailedtofollowrecommendationstokeepasafedistanceawayfromthehugeseaanimal.“Wehavesympathiesforthefactthatthedecisioncancausereactionswiththepublic,butthisdecisionwasbasedoncarefulassessments,”saidNadiaJdaini,aspokespersonfortheNorwegiangovernment.“Humanlifeandsafetymustbeourpriority.”TheyoungfemalewalrushadbeenspendingtimeattheOsloseaportthissummerandhadattractedglobalattention.Thewalruswasseeminglyunafraidofhumansunlikemostwalruses.Severalpopularvideosshowedthatithadevenclimbedontosmallboatstosunbathe.Inthepastweek,theauthoritieswarnedthepublictostayawayfromFreya,sayingthattheyhadobservedvisitorsswimmingwithit,throwingobjectsatit,andgettingdangerouslyclosetoittotakephotos.Previously,thegovernmentsaidthatitwasconsideringmultiplesolutions,includingtransportingFreyaoutoftheseaport.Butthecomplexityofsuchanoperationmadeitconcludethatthiswasnotapracticaloption.Usually,walrusesjuststayontheouteredgesofNorway’scoast.Thelasttimeawalruswasdocumentedsoclosetotheseaportwas2013.“Normally,walruseswillshowuponsomeislands,buttheywillleavequitesoon,becausethey’reafraidofpeople,”addedNadiaJdaini.“ButFreyawasnotafraidofpeople.Actually,itlikedpeople.”InaFacebookpostafterFreya’sdeathwasannounced,RuneAae,whoteachesbiologyattheUniversityofSouth-EasternNorway,condemnedthegovernment’sdecision.“AllpreviousexperiencehasshownthatFreyawouldhavesoonerorlatergottenoutoftheseaport,”hewrote.“Whatashametomakethedecisioninsuchahurry.”4.WhichofthefollowingdirectlyledtothedeathofFreya?A.Freyaoftentriedtoattacktheboaters.B.Thepublicignoredtheofficialwarning.C.Freyaenjoyedsunbathingonsmallboats.D.Thewalruskeptbeggingfoodfromvisitors.5.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Walruses’livinghabits. B.Thepublic’sangryreactions.C.Thewalrus’dangerousbehavior. D.Failedeffortstosavethewalrus.6.Whatcanweknowaboutwalruses?A.Theyaresmallinsize. B.Theylivenearseaports.C.Theyareshyanimals. D.Theyarefriendlytohumans.7.WhatdidRuneAaethinkofthegovernment’saction?A.Itwasunnecessary. B.Itwaspractical.C.Itwasunderstandable. D.Itwasveryhumane.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了因为公众没有按照建议与这种巨大的海洋动物保持安全距离，周日清晨，挪威政府将一头名叫Freya的海象处死。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“OnearlySundaymorning,awalrus,namedFreya,wasputtodeathbytheNorwegiangovernmentafterthepublicfailedtofollowrecommendationstokeepasafedistanceawayfromthehugeseaanimal.(周日清晨，挪威政府将一头名叫Freya的海象处死，原因是公众没有按照建议与这种巨大的海洋动物保持安全距离。)”可知，公众无视官方的警告导致了Freya的死亡。故选B项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Previously,thegovernmentsaidthatitwasconsideringmultiplesolutions,includingtransportingFreyaoutoftheseaport.Butthecomplexityofsuchanoperationmadeitconcludethatthiswasnotapracticaloption.(此前，政府表示正在考虑多种解决方案，包括将Freya运出海港。但这种操作的复杂性使它得出结论——这不是一个切实可行的选择。)”可知，本段主要讲的是拯救海象的努力失败。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Normally,walruseswillshowuponsomeislands,buttheywillleavequitesoon,becausethey’reafraidofpeople.(通常情况下，海象会出现在一些岛屿上，但它们很快就会离开，因为它们害怕人类。)”可知，海象是胆小怕人的动物。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中RuneAae所发表的“AllpreviousexperiencehasshownthatFreyawouldhavesoonerorlatergottenoutoftheseaport.(以前所有的经验都表明，Freya迟早会离开海港。)”以及“Whatashametomakethedecisioninsuchahurry.(这么匆忙地做决定，真可惜。)”可知，RuneAae认为政府的行动没有必要。故选A项。CIn1954,computerscientistsfromGeorgetownUniversityandIBMinventedamachinethatcouldtranslatesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.ThemachinetranslatorbecameknownasGeorgetown-IBMexperimentanditwasthefirstelectronictranslatorintheworld.Thescientistsbelievedthatauniversaltranslatorwasjustaroundthecorner.LeonDostert,wholedtheexperiment,evensuggestedthatpeoplemightbeabletouseelectronictranslatorstobridgeseverallanguageswithinfiveyears,orevenless.However,theprocessprovedfarslowerandmorethan60yearslater,atrueuniversaltranslatorisstillthestuffofsciencefiction.Thenhowfararewefrominventingarealone?Experts’opinionsvary.“We’reveryclosetoturningsciencefictionintoareality,”saysVikramDendi,thetechnicaladvisertoMicrosoft.“Microsofthasproducedappsthatcantranslatevoicetovoiceandvoicetotextinadditiontothefamiliartexttotextindifferentlanguages.”Microsoft,ofcourse,isfarfromalone.Google,inadditiontoitsfamiliartexttranslations,hasjustintroducedafeatureinitsTranslateappthatusesthephonecameratoscananimageofforeigntextanddisplaythetranslation.“Alltheseappsarebasedontheso-calledneuralnetworkswhichcanlearnsimilarlytothewayhumanslearn,”addsVikramDendi.However,earlyon,scientistshadtoteachcomputerstotranslatebytypingineveryruleforeverylanguagepairtheywantedthemtotranslate.Inthefaceofthelargenumberofrulesandexceptionsineverylanguagepair,theapproachquicklybecameimpractical.Inthe1980s,scientistsbeganmovingtowardastatistical-basedmodel.Neuralnetworks,whichbecameapopulartoolformachinetranslationresearchersinthe21stcentury,greatlyimprovedthequalityoftranslations.“Butneuralnetworksstillfacesomelimits,”saysYoshuaBengio,acomputerscienceprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal.“Oneofthemistheamountofdatarequired.Childrenneedfarlesstolearnthebasicsofalanguagethanthesemachinesdo.Butthemoreyouusethesemachinetranslators,thebettertheybecome.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstelectronictranslator?A.Itisabletotranslatebetweenseverallanguages.B.Itisoneofthebestuniversaltranslatorsintheworld.C.Ithasbecomethefirstcomputereverinventedintheworld.DItcanonlytranslatesimplesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayinparagraph2?A.LeonDostert’spredictioniswrong.B.Scientistsareusuallytooconservative.C.Itisveryeasytotrainauniversaltranslator.D.Itisunrealistictoinventanelectronictranslator.10.Accordingtothetext,Microsoft’sappsarestillunabletotranslatefrom________.A.texttotext B.picturetotext C.voicetotext D.voicetovoice11.Whatmightbealimitoftheneural-network-basedmachinetranslators?A.Theirstatistical-basedmodelsarenotaccurate.B.Theirabilitytolearnontheirownisverylimited.C.Theyneedtoomuchdatatolearnthebasicsofalanguage.D.Theystillhavetorelyonstep-by-steprulessetbyprogrammers.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了电子翻译器的发明、发展以及挑战。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In1954,computerscientistsfromGeorgetownUniversityandIBMinventedamachinethatcouldtranslatesentencesfromRussianintoEnglish.(1954年，乔治城大学和IBM的计算机科学家发明了一台可以将俄语句子翻译成英语的机器。)”可知，第一台电子翻译器只能把简单的句子从俄语翻译成英语。故选D项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“LeonDostert,wholedtheexperiment,evensuggestedthatpeoplemightbeabletouseelectronictranslatorstobridgeseverallanguageswithinfiveyears,orevenless.However,theprocessprovedfarslowerandmorethan60yearslater,atrueuniversaltranslatorisstillthestuffofsciencefiction.(领导这项实验的LeonDostert甚至认为，人们可能会在5年或更短的时间内使用电子翻译器来连接几种语言。然而，这个过程被证明要慢得多，60多年后，一个真正的通用翻译器仍然是科幻小说的素材。)”可知，本段说明LeonDostert的预测是错误的。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microsofthasproducedappsthatcantranslatevoicetovoiceandvoicetotextinadditiontothefamiliartexttotextindifferentlanguages.(除了熟悉的文本到不同语言的文本之外，微软还开发了可以翻译语音到语音、语音到文本的应用程序。)”可知，微软的应用程序仍然无法从图片到文本的翻译。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Oneofthemistheamountofdatarequired.Childrenneedfarlesstolearnthebasicsofalanguagethanthesemachinesdo.(其中之一是所需的数据量。与这些机器相比，孩子们学习一门语言的基础知识需要的东西要少得多。)”可知，基于神经网络的机器翻译器需要太多的资料来学习一门语言的基础知识。故选C项。DInthedaysbeforetheInternet,criticalthinkingisthemostimportantskillthatwecouldhave.Tothinkcritically,weneedtoreadcarefully,considerthecredibility(可信度)ofsources,andreasonoutconclusionsonourown.Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,apsychologistattheMaxPlanckInstituteofHumanDevelopment,amoreimportantskillis“criticalignoring”.“Withsomuchinformation,weneedtofirstsortthewheatfromthechaff,decidingwhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot.Now,weliveinan‘attentioneconomy’inwhichwearenolongerconsumers.Rather,we’retheproductswhoseattentionisbeingsoldontheadvertisingmarketplace.Thatmeanseachlinkweclickonisasaleofourtimeandattention,oftenwithlittleornobenefittoourselves.Toprotectourselves,weneedtodevelopnewwaysofinteractingwithinformation,”shesaid.Kozyrevaadvocateslearningtheskillofcriticalignoring,inwhichreadersintentionallycontroltheirinformationenvironmenttoreducetheirexposuretofalseandtrashinformation.Bydevelopingourcriticalignoringskills,shethinkswecanenjoythebenefitsoftheInternetwhileavoidingfallingvictimtothosewhotrytocontrolourattention,ourtime,andourminds.Herearethreeofthestrategiesrecommendedbyhertoavoidthetrapsofattentioneconomy.Thefirststrategyisself-control.Ofcourse,weneedtostayinformedofworldeventsandbeintouchwithothers,sowecan’tjustignoretheInternetaltogether.Whenwedogointosocialmedia,Kozyrevarecommendssettingtimelimits.Limitingourselvesinthiswaypreventsusfromlosingtrackoftimeasweclickononeattractivelinkafteranother.Thenextstrategyisin-depthreading.Forexample,headlinesareoftendesignedtoattractattention,notprovideinformation.Thecontentsofthearticlesmaybecompletelycontrarytowhattheheadlinesshow.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sortthewheatfromthechaff”inparagraph2mean?A.Decidewhichproduceismoreuseful. B.Balancepotentialharmswithbenefits.C.Selectthevaluablefromthevalueless. D.Thinkabouthowtodividetheprofits.13.Whatdoescriticalignoringhelpusdo?A.Readeveryattractivelinkcarefully. B.Reasonoutconclusionsonourown.C.AvoidusingtheInternetaltogether. D.Stayawayfromlow-qualityinformation.14.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Anotherrecommendedstrategy. B.Theimportanceofself-control.C.Thetrapsofattentioneconomy. D.Thevalueofourtimeandattention.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocomparetwoimportantconcepts. B.Tointroduceausefulideatoreaders.C.Toshowthelimitsofcriticalthinking. D.Toprovecriticalignoringislessimportant.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项重要的技能“批判性忽视”，在互联网时代帮助我们有意识地控制自己的信息环境，以减少接触到虚假和垃圾信息。【12题详解】词句猜测题。划线词语后文“decidingwhat’sworthourattentionandtime,andwhat’snot(决定什么值得我们关注和花费时间，什么不值得)”说明我们要找出那些有价值的，而忽视那些没有价值的，从而推知划线词句“Withsomuchinformation,weneedtofirstsortthewheatfromthechaff,(有了这么多的信息，我们需要首先从sortthewheatfromthechaff)”其中划线习语意思是“从没有价值的东西中选择有价值的”。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kozyrevaadvocateslearningtheskillofcriticalignoring,inwhichreadersintentionallycontroltheirinformationenvironmenttoreducetheirexposuretofalseandtrashinformation.(Kozyreva提倡学习批判性忽视的技能，读者有意识地控制他们的信息环境，以减少他们接触到虚假和垃圾信息。)”可知，批判性忽视能帮我们远离低质量信息。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Herearethreeofthestrategiesrecommendedbyhertoavoidthetrapsofattentioneconomy.(下面是她推荐的三个避免注意力经济陷阱的策略。)”可知，她推荐了三个策略；再根据倒数第二段中“Thefirststrategy(第一个策略)”和最后一段中“Thenextstrategy(下一个策略)”可知，作者可能会继续谈论另一个推荐策略。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Butinthedigitalage,accordingtoAnastasiaKozyreva,apsychologistattheMaxPlanckInstituteofHumanDevelopment,amoreimportantskillis‘criticalignoring’.(但马克斯普朗克人类发展研究所的心理学家AnastasiaKozyreva表示，在数字时代，一项更重要的技能是‘批判性忽视’。)”可知，这篇文章介绍了一项重要的技能“批判性忽视”，在互联网时代帮助我们有意识地控制自己的信息环境，以减少接触到虚假和垃圾信息，其目的是向读者介绍一个有用的想法。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youknowtheoldsaying:Ittakesavillagetoraiseachild.Herearesometipsfromsuperstaraunties,unclesandexpertsonhowtobepartofthevillagewherechildrenareloved,raisedandcelebrated.___16___Someauntiesanduncleswanttosendgiftcardsonbirthdaysandholidays.Otherswanttodoschoolpickupeveryweek.Whateveryourstyle,thefirststepinbeingasupportiveadultinakid’slifeisunderstandingandsharingyourowninterestswiththem.___17___.Theconnectioncanbebigorsmallandcanhappenwhetheryou’renearorfar.ComeupwitharoutineforstayingintouchOnceyoufigureoutyourstyle,startthinkingabouthowoftenyouwanttoparticipate.Areyoucheckingineveryday?Onceaweek?___18___.Providenon-judgmentalsupportUnlikebeingaparent,there’slesspressureforyoutoalwaysbeonyourbestbehaviororbetheperfectrolemodel.___19___.Inthissafezone,youcanbemorefreetoexpressyourselfthanparents.Ifakidseesyouasasafeperson,theymightstartsharingtheirsecretswithyou.TalkaboutdisciplineInmostsituations,kidsaregoingtotestthelimitswhenthey’renotwiththeirparents,andtheremayevenbesomebehaviorproblems.___20___.Notonlywilltheseconversationshelpyoutoactinaproperwaywiththechild,buttheycouldalsosaveyourrelationshipwiththeparents.Otherwise,itcouldpotentiallybackfire(适得其反)iftheparentsdisagreewithyourapproachtomanagingthoseproblems.A.FigureoutyourstyleandsetupaconnectionB.KeepsecretifachildsharessomethingbadwithyouC.SotalkwiththeparentsaboutwhattheythinkisappropriateD.SoyoucanlistentokidsalittlebitdifferentlyfromtheirparentsE.FindingasharedhobbyisaneasywaytocreateapointofconnectionF.Whenitcomestobuildingrelationshipswithkids,consistencyiskeyG.Youcanstartbyaskingwhetheritisokaytosetlimitswithyourchild【答案】16.A17.E18.F19.D20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章针对不是父母的叔叔或阿姨等其他人，怎样和孩子相处，给出一些建议。【16题详解】下文“Whateveryourstyle,thefirststepinbeingasupportiveadultinakid’slifeisunderstandingandsharingyourowninterestswiththem.(无论你的风格如何，在孩子的生活中成为一个支持他们的成年人的第一步是理解并与他们分享你自己的兴趣)”说明本段主题是：按照自己的风格和孩子建立联系，选项A“找出自己的风格，建立联系”概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。【17题详解】下文“Theconnectioncanbebigorsmallandcanhappenwhetheryou’renearorfar.(这种联系或大或小，无论你离得近或远，都可能建立)”介绍了和孩子所建立的联系的特点。选项E“找到一个共同的爱好是建立一个联系点的简单方法”给出和孩子建立联系的方法，引领下文。故选E项。【18题详解】小标题“Comeupwitharoutineforstayingintouch(制定一个保持联系的常规)”和上文“Onceyoufigureoutyourstyle,startthinkingabouthowoftenyouwanttoparticipate.Areyoucheckingineveryday?Onceaweek?(一旦你找到了自己的风格，就开始考虑你想多久参加一次。你每天都签到吗？一周一次？)”说明要有个保持联系的常规，选项F“在与孩子建立关系时，保持是关键”承接上文，呼应标题，强调建立关系，要保持。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“Unlikebeingaparent,there’slesspressureforyoutoalwaysbeonyourbestbehaviororbetheperfectrolemodel.(与为人父母不同的是，你没有那么大的压力去保持最好的表现或者做一个完美的榜样)”说明你与父母不同，没有和孩子交往没有压力，选项D“所以你可以与孩子的父母有些不同地倾听他们的声音”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系，说明你在倾听孩子声音的时候可以与父母不同。故选D项。【20题详解】上文“Inmostsituations,kidsaregoingtotestthelimitswhenthey’renotwiththeirparents,andtheremayevenbesomebehaviorproblems.(在大多数情况下，当孩子们没有和父母在一起的时候，他们会测试极限，甚至可能会出现一些行为问题)”说明孩子们会测试极限，甚至做出出格的事情，选项G“你可以先问一下是否可以对孩子设定限制”承接上文，建议讨论一下给孩子设定限制。故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.After____21____,the23-year-oldgirlgoeshomeanddoesthesameforher43-year-olddad,LucianoFlores.“Iwasthinkingtomyself.‘SinceIcanteachthese____22____toreadandwrite,whycan'tIteachmyfatherthat?’____23____,westartedaboutfourmonthsago,”saysFlores.GrowingupinMexico,Luciano'sfamilyhad____24____resources.Theschoolhe____25____didn'thavemuchtospare,either.So,afteraboutfirstgrade,he____26____goingtoclassandstartedworkingto____27____hisfamily.Hebegana____28____inconstructionhecontinuestothisday.“Hisworkhardlyrequireshimtosignthings,”Floressaysofherfather.“Buthetoldnobodyaroundhimthathedidn'thavethe____29____.”Unlikeherdad,Floresreceivedagood______30______inschool.Lastyear,shebecamethefirstpersoninherfamilyto______31______fromcollege.Afewmonthsago,Floresgave______32______herdadashot.Though______33______atfirst,hewasexcitedtostarttolearn.“Thatfirstday,Itoldhimtowritehisname,buthedidn'twanttodoitinfrontofme,”sherecalls.“Hechosetositatthediningroomtable______34______,becausehedidn'twantanyonetosee.”Afterfourmonthsof______35______togetherfortwohourseverytime,threedaysaweek,bothweredonewithwork.Floresrevealsthatherdadcan______36______writehisnameandevenreadsomearticlesonhisown.Witnessingherdad's______37______,Floresfeelsreally______38______.Meanwhile,Lucianosharesthathe'seagerto______39______learningtoreadandwrite.AccordingtoFlores,they'replanningatriptoalocallibrarytogether.“He'sneverbeentoalibrary,”shesays.“I’mjustwonderinghis______40______toseeingalibraryfullofbooks.”21.A.birth B.growth C.school D.break22.A.colleagues B.children C.adults D.relatives23.A.Otherwise B.Instead C.Besides D.Therefore24.A.limited B.necessary C.affordable D.abundant25.A.managed B.established C.attended D.destroyed26.A.risked B.kept C.stopped D.forgot27.A.providefor B.standfor C.searchfor D.waitfor28.A.test B.career C.major D.campaign29.A.ability B.dream C.attempt D.strategy30.A.interview B.competition C.salary D.education31.A.retire B.graduate C.suffer D.recover32.A.defeating B.teaching C.challenging D.amusing33.A.regretful B.sorrowful C.hesitant D.angry34.A.byhimself B.inpair C.ontime D.atrandom35.A.discussing B.complaining C.arguing D.working36.A.suddenly B.currently C.instantly D.previously37.A.schedule B.adventure C.progress D.equipment38.A.delighted B.terrified C.disappointed D.confused39.A.start B.avoid C.suggest D.continue40.A.approach B.resistance C.devotion D.reaction【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.D36.B37.C38.A39.D40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个23岁的女孩教43岁的父亲读写的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放学后，这个23岁的女孩回家教43岁的父亲读写。A.birth出生；B.growth成产；C.school学校；D.break短暂休息。根据前句“LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.”（LucyFlores白天教学前孩子如何读写）可知，白天忙于工作，只有放学后才有时间教父亲，故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“既然我能教孩子们读写，为什么不能教我的父亲呢？”。A.colleagues同事；B.children孩子；C.adults成年人；D.relatives亲戚。根据前句“LucyFloresspendsherdaysteachingpreschoolstudentshowtoreadandwrite.”（LucyFlores白天教学前孩子如何读写）可知，Lucy是在教学前孩童，故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“因此，我们在四个月前开始了教学活动。”A.otherwise否则；B.instead反之；C.besides此外；D.therefore因此。分析前后句句意可知，两者存在因果关系，故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥长大，Luciano的家里资源是有限的。A.limited有限的；B.necessary必要的；C.affordable负担得起的；D.abundant丰富的。根据下句“Theschoolhe__5__didn'thavemuchtospare,either.”（他上的学校也无法为他提供什么东西）可知，他的家庭也是如此，拥有的资源有限，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他就读的学校也没有多少余力。A.managed管理；B.established建立；C.attended出席；D.destroyed摧毁。根据下句“So,afteraboutfirstgrade,he__6__goingtoclassandstartedworkingto__7__hisfamily.”（因此，大概一个学期以后，他就不再去上学并开始工作来支持家庭）可知，这里是指他原本上的学校，故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，大约在一年级之后，他就不再去上课，而是开始工作来养活他的家人。A.risked冒险；B.kept保持；C.stopped停止；D.forget忘记。根据startworking（开始工作）可知，他没有上学了，故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：见上题解析。A.providefor供养；B.standfor代表；C.searchfor搜寻；D.waitfor等待。根据第4题信息可知，他家里资源有限，他辍学是为了支撑家庭，故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开启了他的建筑职业生涯并一直持续到今天。A.test测试；B.career职业；C.major专业；D.campaign活动。根据construction可知，这是一种父亲所从事的行业，也就是他的职业，故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他没有告诉周围的人他没有那个能力。A.ability能力；B.dream梦想；C.attempt尝试；D.strategy策略。根据第14题“Hechosetositat