浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题含解析

浙江省宁波市九校2022-2023学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题（答案在最后）第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howlongdidthemanspendontheexam?A.Halfanhour.B.Anhour.C.Twohours.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Goshopping.B.Buyanewphone.C.Calltheman’sfriend.3.Whywasthemanlate?A.Hisalarmdidn’tring.B.Hehadatrafficaccident.C.Hiscarbrokedownhalfway.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Inaclassroom.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Havingtwoholidays.B.Visitingtwoplaces.C.Goingfortwodays.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomanmostlikelypreparingfor?A.Aswimmingrace.B.Afootballmatch.C.Arunningcompetition.7.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Struck.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdidPatdolastmonth?A.Hedeliveredaspeech.B.Heboughtsomeclothes.C.Hegaveawaysomehandmadeitems.9.WhatistheintentionofPat’sspeech?A.Tocallonpeopletoreducewaste.B.Toencouragepeopletodonateclothes.C.Tomakepeopleliveacomfortablelife.10.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Shocked.B.Admiring.C.Lost.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toreserveaflight.B.Togetsomeinformation.C.Tobookataxi.12.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.13.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday.B.Saturday.C.Friday.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthewomanlikelytodoaftergraduation?A.Getajobinthecurrentcity.B.Findajobinherhometown.C.Startabusinessinherhometown.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Workasatourguide.B.Pickupotherlanguages.C.Makethedecisionrightnow.16.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersin?A.Thefourthyear.B.Thethirdyear.C.Thefirstyear.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthedoctortellthegirl?A.Shewastoofat.B.Sheneededtorelax.C.Shehadhealthproblems.18.Whatisthewoman’sweightnow?A.100pounds.B.230pounds.C.320pounds.19.Whatdidthewomandotoloseweightmostprobably?A.Eatnosweetfood.B.Useweight-lossproducts.C.Runforonehoureveryday.20.Whatisthewoman’ssecrettolosingweight?A.Doingitbyherself.B.Knowingwhatsheisdoing.C.Keepingtryingtoloseweight.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AEuropeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It’srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthehistoryandgetthebestculturalexperience,thesearetheplaceswhereyoushouldtravelto!ViennaViennaisacultural,economicandpoliticalcenter.Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.It’salsoconsideredoneoftheworld’smostlivablecities,wherethequalityoflifeishigh.BerlinBerlin,thecapitalofGermany,istheplaceofculture,politics,mediaandscience.Itholdsalonghistory,andyoucanlearnmanythingsaboutthecity’scontributionstothewholeworld.TravellinginBerlin

isquiteeasy.Youareprovidedwithtrains,trams,busesandthemetro,andyoucanalsouseabiketogetfromoneplacetoanother.AmsterdamThecapitaloftheNetherlands,Amsterdam,isknownforthenumberofcanalsthatarepartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.BrusselsThecapitalofBelgium,Brussels,isfullofculturalevents,beingoneofthemostinternationalcitiesinEuropeandatimemachineatthesametime.Beingarelativelysmallcity,youcanvisitmanyplacesinoneday.Belgiumisalsoknownforthemostdeliciouschocolateandthebestbeerintheworld,soyoudefinitelyneedtohaveataste.1.Whichcitybestsuitsmusiclovers?A.Vienna B.Berlin C.Amsterdam D.Brussels2.WhatdoBerlinandAmsterdamshareincommon?A.Theyarebothrelativelysmall.B.Theyarebothfriendlytocyclists.CTheyareknownforUNESCOheritagesites.D.Theyareamongtheworld’smostlivablecities.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atraveljournal.C.Anencyclopedia. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。欧洲是每个人最好的旅行选择之一。本文主要介绍了四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Vienna部分“Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.(它被称为音乐之城和梦想之城，是贝多芬和西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的重要场所。)”可知，维也纳最适合音乐爱好者。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Berlin部分“Youareprovidedwithtrains,trams,busesandthemetro,andyoucanalsouseabiketogetfromoneplacetoanother.(我们为您提供火车、电车、公共汽车和地铁，您还可以使用自行车从一个地方到另一个地方。)”和Amsterdam部分“ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.(阿姆斯特丹的好处是你可以骑自行车游览，因为它拥有世界上最好的自行车路线网络之一。)”可知，柏林和阿姆斯特丹都有利于骑自行车的人。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了维也纳、柏林、阿姆斯特丹和布鲁塞尔这四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。故本文可能来自旅游手册。故选D。BAnnettePrincemovesquicklyinthepre-dawnlight,lookingcarefullyatthebaseofeachbuildingshepassesindowntownChicago.Shefindsawarbler(莺)sittingontheground,uprightbutdazed(恍惚).Thenshetrapsitwithanet.“Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors,”saysMs.Prince,avolunteertoprotectbirdsfromstrikingglasswindows.

“It’salittleweak.”She’lltakeittotherescuecenter.Thewarblerisfortunate.

Inthebattlebetweenbirdsandcities,citiesarewinning.Scientistssuggestthatcrashingintobuildingskillsasmanyas

1billionbirdsayearinthe

UnitedStates.

Thelightfromever-expandingcitiesismakingitdifficultforthemovementofcreaturesthatmigrate(迁徙)inthedark.Andthepreferenceforglassinbuildingshasproveddeadly.Therearegrowingeffortstomakecitiessaferforbirds.LightsOutprograms,inwhichownersandmanagersagreetoturnoffoutdoorlightsduringmigrationtimes,havespreadto45U.S.cities.Architectsarelearninghowtomakebuildingsbird-friendlybyusingspeciallytreatedglassthatbirdscansee.Moreactivistsareaskinghomeownerstoconsidertheirownwindowsaswell.Theissueisfarmorethanbirds.“Itconcernsaneedtoreducethehumaninfluenceonthenaturalworldinanageofhabitatdestructionandclimatechange,”saysAndrewFarnsworth,

abirdexpertintheUniversityofChicago.“Thefactthatarchitectsandbuildersareusingbird-friendlytechnologyisapositive,”hesays.“Butit’snothappeningasfastasitneedstobe.”4.WhatwasAnnettePrincedoingatpre-dawn?A.Tolookforthewarbler. B.Tosearchforinjuredbirds.C.Tocheckthesafetyofthebuilding. D.Tomakepreparationstotrapawarbler.5.Whyisthewarblerfortunate?A.Itwasrescuedbyavolunteer.B.Itwonthebattleagainstcities.C.Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors.D.It’spreventedfromstrikingglasswindows.6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.ThespreadofLightsOutprograms.B.Thearchitectsandactivistsprotectingbirds.C.Thebird-friendlybuildingsusingspecialglass.D.Themeasurestakentomakecitiessaferforbirds.7WhatcanbeinferredfromAndrewFarnsworth’swords?A.Bird-friendlytechnologyhasnottakeneffect.B.Measurestakentoprotectbirdsareprettyenough.C.Themassdeathofbirdsisrelatedtohumanactivities.D.Architectsandbuildersarepositiveaboutbirdprotection.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年，大量鸟类因撞击建筑物而死亡。越来越多的城市正努力使建筑对鸟类友好。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“AnnettePrincemovesquicklyinthepre-dawnlight,lookingcarefullyatthebaseofeachbuildingshepassesindowntownChicago.(安妮特·普林斯在黎明前的灯光下快速移动，仔细观察她在芝加哥市中心经过的每一栋建筑的底部。)”和第二自然段““Itprobablyhitoneoftheupperfloors,”saysMs.Prince,avolunteertoprotectbirdsfromstrikingglasswindows.(“它可能撞到了上面的一层，”普林斯女士说，她是一名保护鸟类免受玻璃窗撞击的志愿者。)”可知，安妮特·普林斯在寻找受伤的鸟。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二自然段““It’salittleweak.”She’lltakeittotherescuecenter.(“它有点虚弱。”她会把它送到救援中心。)”可知，这只莺被一名志愿者营救，所以它是幸运的。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四自然段“Therearegrowingeffortstomakecitiessaferforbirds.(越来越多的努力使城市对鸟类更加安全。)”可知，本段主要讲述城市为保护鸟类所做出的努力。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Itconcernsaneedtoreducethehumaninfluenceonthenaturalworldinanageofhabitatdestructionandclimatechange,”saysAndrewFarnsworth,abirdexpertintheUniversityofChicago.(芝加哥大学鸟类专家安德鲁·法恩斯沃思（AndrewFarnsworth）表示：“在栖息地遭到破坏和气候变化的时代，需要减少人类对自然世界的影响。”)”可知，安德鲁·法恩斯沃思认为鸟类的大量死亡与人类活动有关。故选C。CMyfirstgoal:trynottolooksoscared.Itsoundseasy,butitactuallytookquiteafewtriesbeforeIcouldrelaxfromthemouthopen,eyeswideexpressionthatbeingonrollerskatesgaveme.ButnotlookingscaredwassomethingIknewIcouldachieveandhelpedmestickwiththepainfullyembarrassingandexcitingprocessoftryingtolearntorollerskate.Ipickeduprollerskatingattheendof2021.Ihavethrownmyselfintothishobbywholeheartedly,inawaythatsurprisesmesometimes.Itfeelsalotlikelove.Thatsaid,itdidtakemeawhiletogetcomfortableonskates,andasanadult,I’mnotusedtofeelingthatawkwardinmybody.Igotreallyfamiliarwithpickingmyselfoffthefloor.Iskatedafewtimesasakid,butneverenoughtogetgood.Sostartingasagrown-up,withgrown-upknees,Iwasverycareful.Isignedupfor

onlineclasses.Inskateclass,theytaughtmetowearprotectivegear(用具),toclapwhensomeonefalls,andtoencouragethem.Fallingmeansyou’retrying,andeveryonefallsinskating.Thatpossibledangeralmostmakesitmorefun,thelittlethrillofpossibilitythatyoumightfall,alikelihoodwhenyoufirststartoutthatgraduallydecreasesthemoreyoupractice—butnevertozero.I’vebeenskatingforalmostayearnow,andIdon’tlooksoscaredonwheelsanymore.I’vemadealotofprogress.TheotherdayIjoyfullyskatedpastanolderwomanontherinkandshesaid,almostunderherbreath,“Mygoalistoskatelikeyou.”Itriedtocontainmypride.“Keepatit!”Iyelledovermyshoulder.Afewminuteslater,Itripped,fell,quicklypickedmyselfup,andthenkeptatit.8.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensherollerskatedatfirst?A.Surprised. B.Confident. C.Scared. D.Relaxed.9.Whatmakesrollerskatingfeellikelove?A.Yougetfamiliarwithit. B.Ittakesawhiletogetcomfortable.C.Itmakesyoufeelawkward. D.Youthrowyourselfintoitwholeheartedly.10.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromskateclass?A.Encouragepeoplewhentheyfall.B.Keeppracticingandyouwillnotfall.C.Fallingmakespeoplemakefunofyou.D.Becarefulbeforeyousignupforanyclasses.11.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace“tripped”inthelastparagraph?A.madeatrip. B.movedfast.C.lostmybalance. D.keptskating.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为成年人，坚持学习滑冰，战胜恐惧，学会滑冰的故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Myfirstgoal:trynottolooksoscared.Itsoundseasy,butitactuallytookquiteafewtriesbeforeIcouldrelaxfromthemouthopen,eyeswideexpressionthatbeingonrollerskatesgaveme.(我的第一个目标：尽量不要看起来那么害怕。这听起来很简单，但事实上，我花了好几次的努力，才能从穿旱冰鞋给我的张开嘴巴、睁大眼睛的表情中放松下来。)”可知，作者一开始滑旱冰时感到很害怕。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Ihavethrownmyselfintothishobbywholeheartedly,inawaythatsurprisesmesometimes.Itfeelsalotlikelove.(我全身心地投入到这个爱好中，有时会让我感到惊讶。感觉很像爱。)”可知，滑冰感觉像爱情，因为它们都需要全身心地投入其中。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Inskateclass,theytaughtmetowearprotectivegear(用具),toclapwhensomeonefalls,andtoencouragethem.Fallingmeansyou’retrying,andeveryonefallsinskating.(在滑冰课上，他们教我穿防护装备，当有人摔倒时鼓掌，并鼓励他们。摔倒意味着你在努力，每个人都会在滑冰中摔倒。)”可知，作者从滑冰课上学到了当人们跌倒时鼓励他们。故选A。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段划线词后面的“fell,quicklypickedmyselfup,andthenkeptatit.(摔倒了，很快爬起来，然后继续坚持。)”可知，作者先tripped，然后摔倒，再爬起来。A.madeatrip.旅行；B.movedfast.快速移动；C.lostmybalance.失去平衡；D.keptskating.继续滑冰。所以tripped意为“失去平衡”。故选C。DLanguagesaroundtheworldcontinuetodisappearatanalarmingrate.AccordingtotheUNESCOAtlasofLanguagesinDanger,thereare6,700languagesspokenintheworld,40percentofwhichareindangerofdisappearing.AndthemajorityunderthreatarelanguagesspokenbyIndigenous(本土的)peoplesaroundtheworld.WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered.Forexample,wheretherearemostspeciesofplantsandanimal,therearemostlanguagesspoken.Whenanewspeciesis“discovered”byscientists,youcanbetyourbottomdollarthatthenativepeoplelivinginthatareawouldalreadyhavehadanameforthatspeciesandbehighlyknowledgeableaboutit.Theselanguagesarebiologicalencyclopedias,andiftheyarenolongerspoken,thiswisdomandunderstandingislosttohumanityforever.“Wehumanbeingsshouldcareaboutindigenouslanguagesinthesamewayasweshouldcareaboutthelossoftheworld’svarietyofplantsandanimals,itsbiodiversity,”StevenPinker,arespectedlinguistandHarvardProfessor,said.Fortunately,effortsarebeingmadetobringattentiontoandpreservetheselanguages,alongwiththeculturalandbiologicaldiversitytheyrepresent.Andeducationisattheheartoftheidea.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2019asTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguagessoastoraiseawareness,andtoteachthosewhohaven’tbeenawareofthecontributionstheycanmake.Similarly,UNESCO’sInternationalFundforCulturalDiversityisprovidingmoneytoeducationalprojectsinthehopeofbringingIndigenouslanguageandknowledgeintoschool.12.Howdoestheauthorshowtheseriousnessoftheprobleminparagraph1?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byquotingafamousperson. D.Byprovidingexamples.13.Whyshouldwepreserveindigenouslanguages?A.Theyhelpscientistsfindnewspecies.B.Manyofthemareatriskofdyingout.C.Peoplespeakingtheselanguagesaremoreknowledgeable.D.Theycontributetotheculturalandbiologicaldiversity.14.WhatistheintentionofTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguages?A.Toeducatepeopletoprotectindigenouslanguages.B.Topromotepeople’sawarenessoftheUnitedNations.C.Tobringindigenouslanguageandknowledgeintoschool.D.Tocelebratethesuccessofindigenouslanguageprotection.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LanguagesandBiodiversity B.IndigenousLanguagesExplainedC.PreservingIndigenousLanguages D.TheLossofIndigenousLanguages【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。世界各地的语言继续以惊人的速度消失。受到威胁的大多数是世界各地土著人民使用的语言。当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁。幸运的是，人们正在努力关注和保护这些语言，以及它们所代表的文化和生物多样性。12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Languagesaroundtheworldcontinuetodisappearatanalarmingrate.AccordingtotheUNESCOAtlasofLanguagesinDanger,thereare6,700languagesspokenintheworld,40percentofwhichareindangerofdisappearing.(世界各地的语言继续以惊人的速度消失。根据联合国教科文组织《濒危语言地图集》，世界上有6700种语言，其中40%有消失的危险。)”可知，作者在第1段中通过列出数字来表明问题的严重性。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered…Theselanguagesarebiologicalencyclopedias,andiftheyarenolongerspoken,thiswisdomandunderstandingislosttohumanityforever.(当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁……这些语言是生物百科全书，如果不再使用，人类将永远失去这种智慧和理解。)”可知，我们要保留土著语言是因为它们有助于文化和生物多样性。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheUnitedNationshasdeclared2019asTheInternationalYearofIndigenousLanguagessoastoraiseawareness,andtoteachthosewhohaven’tbeenawareofthecontributionstheycanmake.(联合国宣布2019年为国际土著语言年，以提高人们的认识，并向那些还没有意识到自己所能做出贡献的人传授知识。)”可知，国际土著语言年的目的是教育人们保护土著语言。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“AndthemajorityunderthreatarelanguagesspokenbyIndigenous(本土的)peoplesaroundtheworld.(受到威胁的大多数是世界各地土著人民使用的语言。)”和第二自然段第一句“WhenanIndigenouslanguageislost,notonlydowelosetheknowledgebuiltupbythecommunityofitsspeakers,butalsotheworld’sculturalandbiological(生物学的)diversityisendangered.(当一种土著语言消失时，我们不仅会失去其使用者群体所积累的知识，而且世界的文化和生物多样性也会受到威胁。)”以及第三自然段第一句“Fortunately,effortsarebeingmadetobringattentiontoandpreservetheselanguages,alongwiththeculturalandbiologicaldiversitytheyrepresent.(幸运的是，人们正在努力关注和保护这些语言，以及它们所代表的文化和生物多样性。)”可知，本文首先介绍世界各地土著人民使用的语言受到更大威胁，然后指出土著语言消失对世界的文化和生物多样性带来的威胁，最后讲到人们为保护这些语言所做出的努力。C项“PreservingIndigenousLanguages(保护土著语言)”最能概括本文主旨，适合作本文标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsofEffectiveTeaDrinkingDrinkingteahasbecomeanimportantpartoftealovers’dailylife.____16____Itrefreshesthemind,clearsheatwithinthehumanbodyandhelpspeopleloseweight.Asyouaddacupofteatoyourdailyroutine,pleasecheckthefollowingtipswhichhelpyouenjoyyourteaexperiencetothefullest.AvoidDrinkingExtremelyHotTea.Weoftenputteainhigh-temperaturewater.____17____Somestudieshavefoundthatdrinkingteaover69℃willcausedamagetoyourstomach.60℃isthemostpreferredtemperaturewhichisagreedbylotsofscholarsandtealovers.KeepYourTeaLight.____18____Itcaneasilycauseheadachesandinsomnia(失眠)aswellasstomachproblems,sobesurenottoaddtoomanytealeavesorbrew(煮)ittoolongorintoohotofwater,sothatitwillnotbeover-brewed.DrinkTeainBetweenMeals.

Donotdrinkteasoonafterorbeforemeals.Ifyoudrinktoomuchteabeforeameal,itwillnotonlycausethefoodtofeeltasteless,butwillalsopreventtheabsorptionofproteininthebody.____19____So,itissuggestedthatthebesttimetodrinkteaisbetweenmeals.____20____TeacontainslargeamountofTannin,whichwillreactwithcertainelementsinthemedicine,thusreducemedicaleffects.Therefore,it’sbettertowaitatleastanhouraftertakingthedrugsbeforedrinkingtea.A.DoNotDrinkwithMedication.B.Itoffersnumeroushealthbenefits.C.Thesameruleappliestodrinkingteaafterameal.D.It’sbettertowaitatleastahalfmonthbeforedrinking.E.However,extremelyhotwaterwillhurtyourthroatandstomach.F.Butdrinkingteainimproperwayscanbringnegativeeffectsonhealth.G.Takingyourteatoostrongwillmaketheteacontaintoomuch

caffeinecaffeine.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效喝茶的技巧。【16题详解】根据上文“Drinkingteahasbecomeanimportantpartoftealovers’dailylife.(喝茶已经成为茶爱好者日常生活的重要组成部分。)”以及后文“Itrefreshesthemind,clearsheatwithinthehumanbodyandhelpspeopleloseweight.(它能提神醒脑，清除人体内的热量，帮助人们减肥。)”谈到的喝茶具体的好处可知，空格处应承上启下。B项“Itoffersnumeroushealthbenefits.(它提供了许多健康益处。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据本段主旨句“AvoidDrinkingExtremelyHotTea.(避免喝滚烫的茶。)”可知，本段主要讲要避免喝滚烫的茶。根据上文“Weoftenputteainhigh-temperaturewater.(我们经常把茶放在高温水中。)”可知，空格处应转折，引出喝滚烫的茶不好。E项“However,extremelyhotwaterwillhurtyourthroatandstomach.(然而，热水会伤害你的喉咙和胃。)”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据本段主旨句“KeepYourTeaLight.(保持茶的清淡。)”可知，本段主要讲要保持茶的清淡。根据下文“Itcaneasilycauseheadachesandinsomnia(失眠)aswellasstomachproblems…(它很容易引起头痛和失眠(失眠)还有胃部问题……)”可知，空处应出现It的指代对象。G项“Takingyourteatoostrongwillmaketheteacontaintoomuch

caffeine.(喝太浓的茶会使茶中含有太多咖啡因。)”中Takingyourteatoostrong为下文It的指代对象，且与主旨句中的Light意思相对，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据本段主旨句“DrinkTeainBetweenMeals.(餐间喝茶。)”可知，本段主要讲述要在餐间喝茶。根据下文“So,itissuggestedthatthebesttimetodrinkteaisbetweenmeals.(因此，建议喝茶的最佳时间是两餐之间。)”可知，空格处与下文构成因果关系。上文“Ifyoudrinktoomuchteabeforeameal,itwillnotonlycausethefoodtofeeltasteless,butwillalsopreventtheabsorptionofproteininthebody.(如果你在饭前喝了太多的茶，不仅会使食物感觉无味，还会阻止体内蛋白质的吸收。)”讲到在餐前喝茶。C项“Thesameruleappliestodrinkingteaafterameal.(同样的规则也适用于饭后喝茶。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】空格处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Therefore,it’sbettertowaitatleastanhouraftertakingthedrugsbeforedrinkingtea.(因此，最好在服药后至少等一个小时再喝茶。)”可知，本段主要讲述不要将茶与药物一起饮用。A项“DoNotDrinkwithMedication.(不要与药物一起饮用。)”最能概括本段主旨。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Windshowled.Branchesshook.Rainpoureddown.Aboyfound___21___underatree.Thenhenoticedacathidingunderabush.Thecatmeowedandraisedapaw(爪)___22___callinghimover.Theboyracedthroughtherainandtookthecat.Justthen,lightning___23___thetree.Whentherainstopped,theboyhurriedhome,withthecatinhisarms.Hismothersawthecat.“Notanothermouthto___24___!”shesaid,___25___herhead.“Thiscatsavedmylife,”theboybegged.“PleasemayI___26___it?”Hismotherinsisted,“Wehave___27___enoughfoodforourselves.Itmustgo.”Theboywatchedsadlyasthecatwalkedawayanddisappearedfrom___28___.Thenextday,theboylookedforthecatwhenhewentfishing.Butthere’snocat.Andhehadn’tcaughtany___29___.Whatwouldheandhismothereatfordinner?Thatafternoon,theboycreatedaclay(黏土)catwitha____30____pawtolooklikethecatthathadsavedhislife.Hedisplayeditinthefrontwindow.Amanstoppedtobuyit.Theboydidn’twantto____31____anothercat.Butwiththatmoney,hecouldbuyricefordinner.Themanleftwiththecat,andtheboyrushedtotheshop.Dayfollowedday.Eachday,theboywatchedforthecat.Whilehe____32____,hemadeanotherclaycat.Eachday,apasser-bystoppedtobuytheclaycat.Andthenoneday,thecat____33____,withalargefishinitsmouth.Atdinner,the____34____ofbakingfishfillingthehouse,theboyaskedagain,“PleasemayIkeepit?”Thistimehismother____35____andsmiled,“thisisagood-luckcat.”21.A.shelter B.home C.warmth D.comfort22.A.ratherthan B.evenif C.despite D.asif23.A.beat B.shook C.struck D.lighted24.A.feed B.come C.talk D.bring25.A.nodding B.shaking C.hanging D.turning26.A.leave B.bring C.take D.keep27.A.strangely B.pretty C.hardly D.likely28.A.road B.sight C.site D.scenery29.A.fish B.food C.luck D.meal30.A.waved B.lowered C.felt D.raised31.A.leave B.sell C.lose D.miss32.A.watched B.thought C.looked D.waited33.A.recovered B.reappeared C.remained D.revived34.A.bones B.smell C.contents D.voice35.A.protested B.recognized C.agreed D.intended【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了下雨天一只猫救了一个男孩，男孩想留下这只猫，但是他妈妈不同意。他很难过地放走了这只猫。后来失而复得，并且这只猫总是能给他们家带来鱼。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男孩在树下找到避雨处。A.shelter避难所；遮蔽，庇护；B.home家；C.warmth温暖；D.comfort舒适。根据上文“Rainpoureddown.”可以推断出男孩是在树下找到避雨处。故选A。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：猫喵喵叫着，举起一只爪子，好像在叫他过来。A.ratherthan而不是；B.evenif即使；C.despite尽管；D.asif好像。根据句意可知，此处指“猫喵喵叫着，举起一只爪子，好像在叫他过来”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，闪电击中了树。A.beat打败；B.shook动摇；发抖；C.struck袭击；D.lighted照亮。根据下文““Thiscatsavedmylife,””可知，男孩在树下躲雨，这只猫叫男孩过来救了他的命，使他免受闪电的袭击。所以，此处指闪电击中了树。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别再喂一张嘴了！”她摇着头说。A.feed喂养；B.come来；C.talk谈论；D.bring带来。根据下文““Wehave___7___enoughfoodforourselves.”可知，男孩的妈妈因为家里没有足够的食物拒绝了男孩的请求。所以，此处指不要再喂养一张嘴了。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.nodding点头；B.shaking动摇；发抖；C.hanging悬挂；D.turning转动；旋转。根据下文““Wehave___7___enoughfoodforourselves.Itmustgo.””可知，男孩的妈妈拒绝了男孩的请求，所以是摇头。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以留着它吗？A.leave离开；B.bring带来；C.take拿；采取；D.keep保留。根据下文“Itmustgo.”可知，男孩请求妈妈，他想留着这只猫。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲坚持说，“我们几乎没有足够的食物吃了。”A.strangely奇怪地；B.pretty相当；C.hardly几乎不；D.likely可能。根据下文“Itmustgo.”可知，妈妈说他们自己没有足够的食物吃，所以让猫离开。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男孩伤心地看着猫走开，消失在视线之外。A.road道路；B.sight视线；C.site地址；D.scenery风景。根据上文“thecatwalkedawayanddisappeared”可知，猫离开了，消失在视线之外。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有钓到鱼。A.fish鱼；B.food食物；C.luck运气；D.meal餐。根据下文“Whatwouldheandhismothereatfordinner?”可知，男孩没有钓到鱼。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，男孩用粘土做了一只举起前爪的猫，它看起来像是救了他的命的猫。A.waved挥手；B.lowered把……放低；C.felt感觉；D.raised举起；抬起。根据上文“Thecatmeowedandraisedapaw(爪)___2___callinghimover.”可知，男孩用粘土做了一只举起前爪的猫，与上文的“raised”相呼应。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩不想再失去一只猫。A.leave离开；B.sell卖；C.lose失去；D.miss错过；想念。根据下文“Butwiththatmoney,hecouldbuyricefordinner.”可知，可知，男孩不想再失去一只猫。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他看着的时候，他又做了一只泥猫。A.watched观看；B.thought想；认为；C.looked看；D.waited等待。根据上文“Eachday,theboywatchedforthecat.”可知，此处指当男孩看着的时候，与上文“watchedfor”相呼应。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，猫又出现了，嘴里叼着一条大鱼。A.recovered恢复；B.reappeared又出现；C.remained保持；D.revived苏醒；复活。根据下文“withalargefishinitsmouth”可知，猫又出现了。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚饭时，烤鱼的香味充斥着屋子，男孩再次问道：“我可以留着它吗？”A.bones骨头；B.smell味道；C.contents内容；D.voice声音。根据下文“bakingfishfillingthehouse”可知，是烤鱼的香味充斥着屋子。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，他的母亲同意了，并笑着说：“这是一只好运猫。”A.protested抗议；B.recognized认出；C.agreed同意；D.intended打算。根据下文“andsmiled,“thisisagood-luckcat.”可知，这一次，他的母亲同意了。故选C。第II卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AsthetemperatureofBeijingdropsextremely,peopleinthecapitalarenaturallyattractedtothewarmthofabubblinghotpot.AccordingtoMeituan,thesearchvolume(量)ofthekeyword“hotpot”___36___(increase)fortytwopercentinOctober.Amongthe___37___(variety)offlavorsofhotpot,thedregsvinegarhotpot(糟粕醋火锅)isespecially___38___(prefer)bymanyBeijingcustomers.Thespicyandsourdregsvinegarsoup,___39___isoriginallyalocaltraditionalstreetsnack,enjoysahistoryofaround500years,___40___(date)backtotheMingDynasty.___41___,itwasnotuntilitwasintroducedinthedocumentaryPotofFirein2020thatitgainedwider___42___(recognize)amongpeopleacrossthecountry.___43___thehotpotisnewtocustomers,theserverswillusuallyteachdinersthebestorderinwhichtoboiltheingredients.Thenativesliketoaddseafoodandvegetablestothisslightlyspicyandsweetdishthathas___44___uniquetaste.Onecustomercommentedthatthehotpotwasacomfort,“whenItakeasipofthesoup,itinstantlyremindsme____45____mymotherinherkitchen!”【答案】36.increased37.varieties38.preferred39.which40.dating41.However42.recognition43.As##Since##Because44.a45.of【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着北京的气温急剧下降，首都的人们自然会被热气腾腾的火锅所吸引。在各种口味的火锅中，糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐。本文主要介绍了糟粕醋火锅。【36题详解】考查动词的时态。句意：根据美团的数据，10月份“火锅”关键词的搜索量增长了42%。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语inOctober可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填increased。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：在各种口味的火锅中，糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。指各种各样的，此处应用名词复数形式。故填varieties。【38题详解】考查语态。句意：同上。根据句意“糟粕醋火锅尤其受到许多北京顾客的青睐”，此处应用被动语态。thedregsvinegarhotpot(糟粕醋火锅)与prefer为被动关系。所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填preferred。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：酸辣渣醋汤最初是当地