名词转向重点突破训练2023-2024学年人教版七年级英语上册

七年级英语名词专项重点突破一、知识点回顾名词概念：名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。专有名词普通名词人名John,Tom个体名词mandesk,bird可数名词国名，地名，山河名China,HongKong集体名词class,family,police节日，月份，日期Women’sDay,May物质名词meat,rice,bread,不可数名词机构，报刊UN,ChinaDaily抽象名词life,help,happiness(一)专有名词用法：1.专有名词首字母大写，例如：Mary2.专有名词前冠词(一般用在名词的前面，对名词起限定作用，不能离开名词单独存在)的用法：(1)节假日前面不用冠词(2)某些专有名词，如江河湖海的名字要与定冠词the连用，e.g:theWestLake_________theYellowRiver___________theGreatWall____________(二)普通名词的用法：1.可数名词（单数和复数）：一般而言，可以用数目来计算，能够分成个体的名词。2.单数名词的冠词用法：(1)a用于辅音音素开头的名词之前;小学阶段可以简单记为，辅音字母开头的单词用a,但有特例：e.g：European(欧洲),university（大学）,uniform（校服），oneway(单行道)，usual(平常的)。an用于元音音素开头的名词之前；小学阶段可以简单记为，元音字母开头的单词用an,但有特例：e.g.hour（小时）,honor（荣耀）,honest（诚实的）。小试牛刀:()①IhavegotMP4player.A.a B.an C.the()②Whichisbigger,________pineappleor______apple?A.a,a B.an,a C.a,an D.an,an()③Thisis________usefulEnglishbook.A.a B.the C.an D./()④There’s___“m”and_____“u”inthisword.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,an()⑤Myuncleis_____activeteacher.A.a B.an C./()⑥Thereis_____expensivewatchand____cheapbox.A.an,an B.an,a C.a,a D.a,/()⑦Theboywith________uniformhas________hourtofinishhishomework.A.a,a B.an,a C.a,an D.an,an()⑧It’s________honortogiveyouaspeech.a B.an C./复数名词的变化：规则变化以s,x,sh,ch结尾，加esbus,box,watch,brush以o结尾，一般加es黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加esbaby,lady,fly以f或fe结尾，一般变f或fe为v加es树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮；架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。其他单词加sbook,cap,tree不规则变化元音字母发生变化改a为eman______woman_______改oo为eefoot_____,tooth____,goosegeese单复同形sheep,fish(数量)，deer,people(人)常以复数形式出现trousers,socks,glasses,shoes（注意：要表达它们的量，常借助pair一词，如：twopairsofgloves两副手套）表示“某国人”：中日不变英法变，其他一律加s。单复同形aChinesetwo_________aJapanesetwoJapanesemanmenanEnglishmantwo_________aFrenchmantwo__________词尾加saGermantwoGermansanAmericantwo___________其他形式achildtwochildren,anoxthreeoxen,amousefourmice备注有些单词虽以s结尾，但表示单数意义，如：news,maths,theUnitedStates“the+姓氏复数”表示“一家人或夫妇二人”名词作定语时，不用复数形式，例如：boystudents,appletrees;当man和woman作定语时，例如：amanteachertwomenteachers4.不可数名词：不能以数目来计算，不可分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。(1)常见不可数名词如下：液体类：water,tea,coffee,milk,yogurt,Coke,juice,soup，orange(橙汁)食物：food,bread,rice,肉类：meat,beef,mutton,pork,fish(鱼肉),chicken（鸡肉）其他：paper（纸）,news,advice,fruit,homework,housework,work,food,weather,music,information(2)修饰不可数名词：①alotof/lotsof___________some___________much____________alittle___________little_______②数词+容器+of+不可数名词：aglassofwater一杯水twopairsofglasses两副眼镜不可数名词与动词三单（be动词用is）搭配5.名词所有格：名词与名词之间的一种所属关系，它的中文意思“.......的”。单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词后加’sMary’sbook,theboy’sballwomen’sclothes,Children’sDaytwohours’walk以s或es结尾的复数名词后面加’,theladies’dressesTeachers’Day这只宠物为Lucy和Lily共同拥有LucyandLily’spet这些宠物分别属于Lucy和LilyLucy’sandLily’spets“of+名词”一般用来表示无生命的物体间的所属关系thedoorofmyclassroom“of+名词所有格”，通常表示整体中的一个或部分afriendofPeter’s=oneofPeter’sfriendsafriendofmine/his/hers课堂练习（1）单项选择题()1.Howmany________arethereintheroom?Six. B.pencil ()2.Look!Somemeat_______inthebox.Someapples_______inthebasket.A.are,are C.are,is()3.Theseare_________Youcanbuyapairforyourmother.AwomansockB.womensock C.womensocksD.womansocks()4.Therearetwo________inourschool.A.library B.libraries C.librarys()5.Howmany________arethereinthezo0?A.sheep B.monkey C.fish()6.LiMengandZhangBin_______mygoodfriends.A.is B.am C.are()7.Therearesome________inthis_______.A.knife，pencilboxes B.knifes,pencilbox C.knives,pencilbox()8.Thereisnofoodinthefridge.Wouldyougiveme_ C.many()9.Therearesomany________.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato()10.Arethese_______yours?Yes,theyare.A.duck B.goat C.deer()11.Howmany______arethereintheriver?A.goose B.gooses C.geese()12.There______somewateronthetable.A.is B.are C.isn't()13.Thereareninetyandninehundred_____inourschool.A.womanteachers;boystudentB.womenteachers;boysstudentsC.womenteachers;boystudentsD.womenteacher;boysstudent()14Mrs.Greenis__________mother.A.JimandKateB.JimandKate'sC.JimandKates'D.Jim'sandKat()15.WhatcanIdoforyou,madam?'dlikesomeAmuttonsandpotatoesBtomatosandvegetablesC.bottlesoforange D.glassesoforangesjuices()16.Children’sDayisin_______. A.June ()17.OurEnglishteacherisfrom_______. A.Canada B.Canada’s C.Canadian()18.__________istheseconddayofaweek.A.Monday B.Saturday C.Sunday D.Tuesday七年级题型专练（一）语法选择Whenthenewschoolyearising,manystudentsbuynewpencils,pens,rules…But 1 canwesavemoneyontheseschoolthings?Here 2somegoodideasforyou.◆Havealookat 3 backpackandpencilcase.Whenyouwant 4 newpencils,notebooksandotherschoolthings,havealookatyourbackpackandpencilcase.Youmay 5 someoldnotebooks,pencils,pens…Thenyoudon’tneedtobuynewones.◆Write 6 shoppinglist.Youcangotobuysomeschoolthingswithashoppinglist.Forschoolthingsyoudon’treallyneed,don’tbuy 7 .◆Buyoldbooksorborrowbooksyouneed.

Youdon’tneedtobuysomepicturebooks.Youcanbuysomeoldonesorborrowsomefromyourfriends.It’salsogood 8 booksinsomebookstores

9 youdothiseverytime,youcansavelotsofmoney.Thenyoucanbuysomethingsyoureallyneed 10 themoneyyousaved（）1.A.what

B.who

C.which

（）2.A.is

B.are

C.do

D.does（）3.A.you

B.your

C.yours

D.yourself（）4.A.buy

B.buying

C.tobuy

D.tobuying（）5.A.find

B.tofind

C.finding

D.found（）6.A.a

B.an

C.the

D.不填（）7.A.it

B.its

C.them

D.theirs（）8.A.read

B.reading

C.toreading

D.toread（）9.A.When

B.Assoonas

C.If

D.Because（）10.A.with

B.on

C.of

D.For（二）完形填空。JimGreenisastudentinNo.5MiddleSchool.Hedoesaparttime(业余的)1becauseheneedssome2.Heworksinasupermarketafter3fromMondaytoFridayandall4onSaturdays.Hehelpspeoplelookaftertheirkidsandhestayswith5kids.Hethinksitisgreat6.Afterschool,he7abustothesupermarket.He8thereatabout4:30.Heworks94:30to8:30.He10homeat9:00.Jimlikeshisjobverymuch.（）1.A.work B.job C.assistant D.class（）2.A.money B.help C.thanks D.work（）3.A.work B.call C.school D.hospital（）4.A.day B.date C.time D.month（）5.A.difficult B.different C.dangerous D.boring（）6.A.fun B.boring C.smart D.funny（）7.A.takes B.gets C.gives D.has（）8.A.arrivesin B.arrivesat C.gets D.goesto（）9.A.for B.from C.to D.with（）10.A.goesto B.gets C.arrivesat D.esto（一）中考新题型：任务型阅读Subject:Canyouhelp?From:RoseDearKnowledgeable,Ihaveagoodfriend,Ann.SheisverycleverandcanspeakEnglishreallywell.AveryimportantEnglishspeechcontestforourwholecitywillbeheldnextmonth.OurclassmatesallthinkAnnisthebestpersontorepresenttheclassintheschoolcontestandmakesureshewillwin.Buttheproblemisthatshe’sveryshyandthatshe’sterrifiedofspeakinginfrontofotherpeople.Shecan’ttellothersaboutit,becauseshedoesn’twanttoletherfriendsdown.Ican’tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher,butyoualwayseupwith