2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(307-308)讲义-高考英语一轮复习

长难句翻译Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureondisplayinpublicplaces.Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.长难句翻译解析Evenpeoplewhotakenointerestinartcannothavefailedtonoticeexamplesofmodernsculptureondisplayinpublicplaces.【语法详析】本句的主干为peoplecannothavefailedto…。1.whotakenointerestinart为定语从句，修饰先行词people；2.ofmodernsculpture作examples的定语，ondisplay作sculpture的定语，inpublicplaces作display的定语。【词汇精讲】takenointerestin对…没有兴趣【反】takeaninterestin对…感兴趣failtodo没有做成【反】managetodo成功做sculpture/ˈskʌʃər/n.雕塑，雕像【名】sculptor雕塑家【近】statuedisplay/dɪˈspleɪ/v.n.展示，显露【组】ondisplay展出current/ˈkʌr.ənt/adj.当前的n.水/电/气流【辨】currency货币Familyphotographsweredisplayedonthewall.家人的照片挂在墙上。Switchofftheelectriccurrentbeforechangingthebulb.换灯泡前先把电源切断。【参考译文】即便对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会注意不到在公共场所展出的现代雕塑的例子。Oddlyshapedformsthataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwindarequitefamiliartoeverybody.【语法详析】本句的主干为Oddlyshapedformsarequitefamiliartoeverybody，Oddlyshaped属“adv.+done=adj.”结构；thataresuspendedfromtheceilingandmoveinresponsetoagustofwind为定语从句，修饰先行词forms。【词汇精讲】oddly/ˈɒd.li/adv.奇怪地【组】oddjobs零工，杂活suspend/səˈspend/v.暂停，悬挂【名】suspension【辨】suspense悬念，suspicion怀疑ceiling/ˈsiː.lɪŋ/n.天花板，上限【组】glassceiling无形限制gust/ɡʌst/n.一阵强风Oddlyenough,shedidn’tmentionanythingaboutthefactthatshewasgettingmarried.真奇怪，她只字未提自己要结婚这件事。Thecountry’spresidenthassuspendedtheconstitutionandassumedtotalpower.总统废除了宪法，独揽大权。Theyhaveimposed/setaceilingonpayrises.他们给工资的增加额度规定了上限。【参考译文】每个人都很熟悉悬挂在天花板上、随风摇摆、奇形怪状的雕塑品。长难句拓展Whenthecourtdealswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawitshapesisinescapablypolitical—whichiswhydecisionssplitalongideologicallinesaresoeasilydismissedasunjust.①小词典ideological[ˌaɪdiəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l]adj.思想的；意识形态的dismiss[dɪsˈmɪs]vt.解散；解雇；开除；让...离开；不予理会、不予考虑vi.解散②句子分析：句子的主干是thelawisinescapablypolitical。When引导一个时间状语从句，itshapes是一个省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰thelaw，破折号后的which引导一个定语从句，指代全句，其中包含一个why引导的表语从句，splitalongideologicallines是过去分词结构，作后置定语，修饰decisions。③参考译文：当最高法院对社会政策进行裁决时，它所形成的法律不可避免地带有政治色彩———这是为什么牵涉到意识形态分歧的裁决很容易被认为不公正而遭到驳回。ButinhernewbookJointheClub,TinaRosenbergcontendsthatpeerpressurecanalsobeapositiveforcethroughwhatshecallsthesocialcure,inwhichorganizationsandofficialsusethepowerofgroupdynamicstohelpindividualsimprovetheirlivesandpossiblytheworld.①小词典peer[pɪə(r)]n.同等地位的人，同龄人；贵族v.凝视，盯着看；隐现；看见；匹配dynamic[daɪˈnæmɪk]adj.动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的n.动态；动力②句子分析：句子的主干是TinaRosenbergcontends。ButinhernewbookJointheClub作状语修饰整个句子，其中JointheClub是book的同位语，that引导一个宾语从句，作contends的宾语，介词through后面的what引导一个宾语从句，作through的宾语，逗号后面的inwhich引导一个定语从句，修饰thesocialcure，不定式tohelp...theword作目的状语，其中and连接两个并列名词，作improve的宾语。③参考译文：但蒂娜·罗森博格在其新书《加入俱乐部》中认为，通过她称之为社会治疗的方法，同辈压力也可以变成一种正面的力量。社会疗法是指各种组织和官员们利用群体动力帮助个人改善生活，乃至整个世界。Rosenberg,therecipientofaPulitzerPrize,offersahostofexamplesofthesocialcureinaction:InSouthCarolina,astatesponsoredantismokingprogramcalledRageAgainsttheHazesetsouttomakecigarettesuncool.InSouthAfrica,anHIVpreventioninitiativeknownasloveLiferecruitsyoungpeopletopromotesafesexamongtheirpeers.①小词典recipient[rɪˈsɪpiənt]n.容器，接受者；容纳者adj.容易接受的；容纳的haze[heɪz]n.阴霾；薄雾；疑惑v.使变朦胧；使变糊涂initiative[ɪˈnɪʃətɪv]n.主动权；首创精神；新方案；倡议adj.主动的；自发的；起始的②句子分析：句子的主干是Rosenbergoffersahostofexamplesofthesocialcureinaction。therecipientofaPulitzerPrize是插入语，作主语Rosenberg的同位语，冒号后面有并列分句：InSouthCarolina,astatesponsoredantismokingprogramsetsouttomakecigarettesuncool.和InSouthAfrica,anHIVpreventioninitiativerecruitsyoungpeople，其中过去分词结构calledRageAgainsttheHaze作后置定语修饰program，过去分词结构knownasLoveLife作后置定语修饰initiative,topromote...是一个不定式作目的状语。③参考译文：普利策奖得主罗森博格列举了很多正在实施的社会疗法实例：在南卡罗来纳州，一个叫做“怒反烟雾”的州立反吸烟项目开始让人们觉得吸烟一点儿也不酷。在南非，一个名为“热爱生命”的艾滋病预防项目正在招募年轻人以促进同辈之间的安全性行为。长难句精讲精练1.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorepletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.【句式翻译】这项研究发表于2009年，它发现用笔和纸来写，参与者写的文章更长，写的句子更完整，写单词的速度更快。【句式分析】本句复合句，that引导宾语从句，从句中又有一个when引导的状语从句，published在句中作后置定语，writing作状语。Heisanactiveparticipantinthecivilrightsmovement.他是人权运动的积极参加者。Terrycan’tparticipateinthematchbecausehehashurthisfoot.特里不能参加比赛,因为他扭了脚。2)raten.比率；速度Housepricesarerisingatahigherratethaninflation.房价比通货膨胀上涨的比率高。Thecarwasgoingattherateof40milesanhour.轿车以每小时40里的速度行驶。2.Butthedonatorwhostartedsendingenvelopeswithcashtodeservingcauses,acpaniedbyanarticlefromthelocalpaper,hasmadeanorthernGermancitybelieveinfairytales.【句式翻译】但是，捐赠者开始给值得关注的事业发送装有现金的信封，当地报纸随之发表一篇文章，这一切使一个德国北部城市相信童话。【句式分析】本句是复合句，who引导限制性定语从句，修饰thedonator，sending作宾语，acpanied作状语。Ajobwelldoneisdeservingofpraise.一件工作做得好应该受到表扬。Ifyoudowrong,youdeservepunishment.你如做错事,应当受罚。KenagreedtoacpanymeonatriptoAfrica.肯答应陪我一起去非洲。Janewaswillingtoacpanyyoutotheparktogooutforawalk.简愿意陪你去公园散步。3.BasicMathstartsfromtherelativelyeasierconceptsandgraduallymovesontothemoretroublesomeones,soastoallowforsteadyandsureunderstandingofthematerialbystudents.【句式翻译】基础数学源自相对容易的概念，逐渐转移到更麻烦的，以便允许学生能稳定地、有把握地理解材料。【句式分析】本句