完形填空方法及练习

高中英语一一完形填空解题技巧和训练一、考点、热点回顾完形填空是高考英语必考题型之一，共20题，30分。完形填空既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。1、 考试出题的大致方向是：词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。语篇句意：从语篇角度，即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力逻辑推理和生活常识解题技巧：重视首句信息：完形填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，且首句往往不设空，通常是个完整的句子。这个句子往往是全文的关键句，它是了解全文的窗口，常常包含对解题有用的信息因此考生要注重细读首句，并据此来判断文章的体裁，题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断故事发生的人物、地点、时间、气氛等多方面的特征。注意前后暗示：完形填空经常在短文中设置前后互相暗示的考题。这里需要注意的是：若是前面暗示后面，做题相对来说比较容易。但从对历届考题的研究情况来看，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的某些填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往后看，就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。利用逻辑推理：做完形填空题的过程从本质上说是一个阅读推理的过程。考生必须把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合，同时考生还必须不断地从各个角度进行合乎逻辑的推理，并不断地验证推理的正确性，以达到理解全文、解决问题的目的。注意文章前后的关系，如转折，顺承等。联系上下文：通读全文，理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键.近年来，高考试题中的完形填空题在命题设计上的趋势是朝着深层化及语境化的方面挖掘，逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查，而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断.因此，只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确做出判断.利用语法分析：借助语法分析来帮助理解句子，推测语境,判断搭配等,是必不可少的.因此考生做题时应充分利用平时所学的语法及词汇,名词的可数与不可数，动词的及物与不及物以及句子结构等知识.文化背景和生活常识：完形填空中交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和常识，如文化，风俗，生活常识以及科学知识等.在做题时可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识，并注意中西方文化方面存在的差异将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章的选出正确的答案。利用语篇标志：语篇指比句子长的语言单位，语篇标志指语篇之间有内在联系的词语.常见的语篇标志语有：结构层次：“secondly>thirdly>finally”等；时间关系：“before、after、later”等；因果关系：“because、for、since、asso、therefore> thus”等；话题关系：“bytheway”等；转折关系：“but、however、nevertheless> onthecontrary”等’递进关系：“inaddition>besides、then、what’smore、further”等并列关系:“and、andalso、or、neither，“nor 、either or 、notonly butalso 、aswell、similarly>inthesameway、thatistosay^等让步关系：“although、though、eventhough、evenif、nomatter+疑问词”等条件关系：“if、onlyif、ifonly”等.(8)利用习惯用法和词语辨析知识：习惯用法是英语中固定的结构，是不能随意改的.平时学习中应注意积累及掌握好习惯用法.同时，应多注意词语辨析及词语搭配，要培养在特定语境中灵活运用词语的能力.二、典型例题 A—Itrulyfeelthatmymotherledmehere,toMorzaine,andtomyfutureashappywifeandbussinesswoman.WhenMum21inOctober2007,Iwascook..InDecemberthatyear.whileIwasworkingforawedding,apearlnecklaceMumhadleftme 22 .Iwasdistraught（忧心如焚的）.Somedayslater,Iwas23thataguywhowasworkingwithusthatday。“couldprobablyrfr 朝b仔3书lLW” Hr芬7：匚dhavemadeafortune*I24theneeklacehefound.”25■上I.hereturndeit.HearingheI’d 26Mumforsixmonthsbeforeherdeath,hesaid,”Christmasisgoingtobe27—whynotgoouttotheAlpsforacoupleofweeks?”IcometoMorzaine,asmall,friendlyvillageintheAlpsand28_fellinlovewithit.Whatwas__29__tobeastopgap（权宜之计）tripturnedintoanewlife.IkepttravellingbetweenLondonandhereandfelt_30__thanIhadinmonths.InDecember2008,Iwas__31_asahotelmanagerandmovedherefulltime.Amonthlater,ImetPaul,whowastravelinghere.Wefellinlove.Inthebeginning,Ididn’twanttodiscuss32__,becausethesadnessoflosingMum33feltgreat.Paulunderstoodthatandnever34__meBut,bysummer,wegotmarried.Ayearlater,weusedhissavings,andthemoneyfromthesaleofMom’shouse,tobuildourown35__.Wewanttogiveourguestsa36—feel,soeachroomisthemed（以 为题）aroundmemories

fromourlives.TherearealsostylestoremindmeofMom-atinychairwhich37beinherbedroomissetinoneroom.WearehavingawonderfullifeandMum38naturallypartofit,_39there’snowaywewouldbehereifitwasn’tforthe__40__shegaveme.Iknowshe’shereinspirit,keepinganeyeonus21.A.diedB.cameC.returnedD.visited22.A.burnedB.disappearedC.brokeD.dropped23.A.shownB.comfortedC.persuadedD.told24.A.hidingB.stealingC.sellingD.wearing25.A.LuckilyB.NaturallyC.SurelyD.Hopefully26.A.nursedB.curedC.missedD.guarded27.A.longB.hardC.merryD.free28.A.suddenlyB.finallyC.nearlyD.immediately29.A.saidB.provedC.supposedD.judged30.A.smarterB.higherC.firmerD.lighter31.AhonouredB.hiredC.regardedD.trained32.A.travelB.businessC.childrenD.marriage33.A.recentlyB.onceC.stillD.firstly34.A.leftB.pushedC.surprisedD.interruptedTh-fflim/]i|+4-"5?；自Tt35.A.hotelB.restaurantC.homeD.shop36.A.homelyB.livelyC.motherlyD.friendly37.A.oughttoB.usedtoC.mightD.could38.A.takesB.keepsC.looksD.feels39.A.unlessB.whileC.becauseD.though40.A.moneyB.chairC.houseD.neeklaceBIwassuccessfulatmyjob.Iworkedveryhard,butit21meandmyfamilyafabulous（极好的）lifestyle.I’dworkedforthesamecompanyfortwentyyearsandhadworkedmywayuptodepartmentdirector.22,oneafternoonlastMay,Iwascalledtotheoffice,anditwas_23—explainedtomethattheywerelettingmego.Ijustsatthere__24_theytalkedonandallIcouldthinkwas,“I’ve25.”I’dbeensowellrespected;26Iwasofnovalue.Forsixweeks,Iwasinavery__27__place.Iwanderedaroundmyhouselikeazombie（僵尸）.1could__28—thingsneededdoing,butwouldnotdoanything.Mybeliefsinlookingforwardandseeingthepositive（积极的）ineverything29me.Then,inlateJune,myyoungestson’sfootballteammadethecitycupfinal.Theyearbefore,he’dbeenverysadwhenI_30thesamefinal,sohewas31whenItoldhimI’dgo.Notonlydidtheywin,butthelookonhisfaceashesawme32himonwasunbelievable.Fromthenin,Ispentthesummerenjoyingmysonsandtheirpassions（激情）.Iattendedmatchaftermatchandperformancesofmyelderson’sband—I33wenttoanothercitytowatchhimplay.Thesemomentswereso34.Mylifehadbeensomuchdevotedto__35__forsolong,andIfelt__36__thatmysonswerehappytowelcomemeintotheirworld.37,beingunemployedgavemebackasenseofpurpose—Iwassomeone’smum!Ifeltasenseofbeing38again.NowIfeelmorepositiveaboutmyprofessional39andI’mgettingonbetterwithmyfamilythanIeverhave.Losingmyjobmademerealizejusthow__40__itistoachieverealbalanceinlife.21.A.promisedB.affordedC.showedD.left22.A.ThereforeB.AnyhowC.OtherwiseD.However23.A.quicklyB.gentlyC.partlyD.easily□Q-fit成im如4-J-24.A.untilB.afterC.asD.so25.A.failedB.finishedC.triedD.changed26.A.suddenlyB.finallyC.immediatelyD.shortly27.A.secretB.quietC.lonelyD.dark28.A.seeB.getC.suggestD.understand29.A.defendedB.directedC.desertedD.disturbed30.A.watchedB.missedC.lostD.won31.A.disappointedB.worriedC.honouredD.delighted32.A.cheeringB.takingC.leadingD.passing33.A.justB.evenC.stillD.almost34.A.hopefulB.meaningfulC.difficultD.strange35.A.workB.familyC.matchesD.performances

21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.B35.A36.C37.D38.C39.D40.AA.successfulA.NaturallyA.employedA.educationA.importantA.successfulA.NaturallyA.employedA.educationA.importantB.thoughtfulB.DoubtfullyB.comfortedB.experienceB.interestingC.thankfulD.peacefulC.DisagreeablyC.valuedC.relationshipC.simpleD.UnexpectedlyD.encouragedD.futureD.surprising三、课后练习ARecently,IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.Aswewereabouttoarrive,thepilotannouncedwithapologythattherewouldbeaslight2lbeforesettingdown.Highdesertwindshad22theairporttocloseallbutonerunway.Hesaidthatwewouldbe 23 thecityforafewminuteswaitingto 24 .Wewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbeltsfastened 25 theremightbeafewbumps（颠簸）.Well,thatfewminutesturn武iii.-fca i1 LiJ,j-jI"j^L屯1口.edintoaboutfour—fiveminutes,includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster（过山车）26__bycomparisonThemovementwassofiercethatseveralpassengersfelt27andhadtouseairsicknessbags.Asyoumightguess,that’snotgoodthingtohavehappenina（n）28spacebecauseitonly 29toincreasethediscomfortofthesituation.Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecamevery30.Therewasnowasenseofanxietyandfearthatcouldbe31noticed.Everypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife...exceptone.A32washavingagoodtime!Witheachbumpofthe33,hewouldletoutagiggle（咯咯的笑）ofdelightAsIobservedthis,I34thathedidn’tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis35.HeneitherthoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefutureThosearewhatwegrown—upshavelearnedfrom36.Hewas 37 theridebecausehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis,Ito

okadeepbreathand38backintomyseat,pretendingIwas39onarollercoaster.Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ieven40togiggleonceortwice,muchtothechagrin（随恼）ofthemansittingnexttomeholdingtheairsicknessbag.A.mistakeA.A.mistakeA.forcedB.delayB.warned23.A.watchingB.visiting24.A.arriveB.enter25.A.ifB.though26.A.lightB.pale27.A.sickB.nervous28.A.emptyB.narrow29.A.happensB.continues30.A.quietB.hot31.A.partlyB.gradually32.A.pilotB.baby33.A.seatsB.passengers34.A.realizedB.hoped35.A.healthB.safety36.A.teachersB.books■HmnI|37.A.learningX1'B.taking38.A.satB.lay39.A.nearlyB.finally40.A.attempted21—25BACDCB.managed26—30BABDAC.changeD.windC.sweptD.remindedC.circlingD.crossingC.stopD.landC.becauseD.whileC.easyD.quickC.angryD.afraidC.secretD.openC.failsD.servesC.dirtyD.crowdedC.shortlyD.clearlyC.guardD.manC.flightD.airplaneC.agreedD.insistedC.joyD.futureC.experience D.practiceC.missing■-111.D.enjoyingC.wentD.rodeC.reallyD.suddenlyC.wantedD.decided31—35DBDAB36—40CDACB“Look,it’sBaldy!”Aboyshoutedinmydirectionacrosstheplayground.EventhoughIwasusedtoregularinsults（侮辱）becauseofthe11onmyhead,itwas12horribletohear.IsighedasIheadedbacktotheclass.WhenIwasjust20monthsold,Isufferedserious13afterabowlfullofhotoilfeelonmyhead.Iwas14tohospitalandhadtostaythereforweekswhilethedoctors15tosavemylife."Holly’svery 16tobealive,”theytoldMumandDad.“Butshe’llbe17withscarsonherhead,andofcourseherhairwon'tgrowthere.”Asachild,Icaredmuchaboutmyscars,soI18woreascarftocoverthemupwhenIlefthome.19Ididn't,peoplewouldcallmehorriblenameslikeBaldy.Althoughmyfriendswerealwayscomfortingme,theynever20understoodhowitfelt.ThenthroughthehospitalIwas21 toachildren'sburnscamp,wherechildrenlikemecangetanyhelp.ThereI2214-year-oldStephanie,whoseburnsarealotmoreseriousthanmine.Butsheisso23thatsheneverletsanyoneputherdown.“Youshouldn't24whatpeoplesayaboutwhatyoulooklikebecausewe'renotdifferentfromanyoneelse,Holly,”She25 me.“Andyoudon'tneedtowearascarfbecauseyoulookgreat26it!”Forthefirsttime