2023年考研外语冲刺密卷3

考研外语冲刺密卷3

一、UseofEnglish

1>HomepricesslidinNovember,raisingquestionsabout

whetherthehousingrecoveryisrobustenoughtomaintaina

sustainedturnaround.FromOctobertoNovember,homeprices

fell0.2%after[110.1%inOctober,accordingtoareport

TuesdaybyStandardPoor，s/Case-Shi1ler，shomepriceindex.

[2]fiveofthe20metroareas[3]bytheindexsawprice

increasesforthemonth.

Ona(n)[4]basis,priceswere5.3%lowerinNovemberthanin

November2022.Priceswerethesameasinlate2022.“Whatwe've

seen【5】thepastcoupleofmonthsisthatthepaceof[6]

hasfallendown,“saysMaureenMaitlandofStandardPoor,s.

“Somemarketshave[7]Isthatbecausewehaven，t[8]the

foreclosure(回赎权的取消)cycle?Becauseofunemployment?

We'renotseeingthe[9]wewereseeinginthelastsummermonths.

Metroareasthathaveseenaretreatinhomeprices[10]Seattle,

Charlotte,LasVegasandTampa.Allfour[11]gainstheymade

inrecentmonths[12].[13],forthe20-metroindex,theannual

rateofdeclineisimproving.That[14],withotherrecent

housingreportsthatshowprices[15]oraccelerating,could

pointto[16]thehousingmarketisstartingto[17]itsfooting,

someeconomistssay.Existinghomesalepriceswere$178300

inDecember,whichis1.5%higherthanDecember2022,according

toareportthisweekbytheNationalAssociationofRealtors.

Thatwasthefirstyear-over-year[18]inmedianpricesince

August2022.

“Themost[19]thingwecansayisnotonlythemarketis

stabilizing,butwe'veseenthathousingdemandisstrong,“

saysBernardBaumohl,withtheEconomicOutlookGroup."Housing

probablywillcontinuetoclimbupwardsthroughthesummer,

[20]itcouldslipalittleasthetaxcreditexpires.”

(1)

A.leading

B.declining

C.holding

D.improving

2、⑵

A.Then

B.Thus

C.Only

D.So

3、(3)

A.documented

B.retraced

C.increased

D.tracked

4、⑷

A.monthly

B.daily

C.weekly

D.annual

5、(5)

A.with

B.over

C.under

D.upon

6、(6)

A.recognition

B.recourse

C.recovery

D.relapse

7、(7)

3

A.fallenover

B.fallenbehind

C.fallenback

D.fallenout

8、(8)

A.workedthrough

B.workedat

C.lookedthrough

D.passedthrough

9、（9）

A.improvement

B.wound

C.help

D.advantage

10、(10)

A.consist

B.conclude

C.include

D.enclose

11、(H)

A.watched

B.saw

4

C.cared

D.overlooked

12、(12)

A.deleted

B.validated

C.finished

D.erased

13、(13)

A.Therefore

B.Consequently

C.Moreover

D.Still

14、(14)

A.trend

B.circumstance

C.condition

D.hypothesis

15、(15)

A.fluctuating

B.stabilizing

C.declining

D.inclining

5

16、(16)

A.signs

B.index

C.news

D.marks

17、(17)

A.retain

B.resign

C.regain

D.reform

18、(18)

A.gain

B.accomplishment

C.achievement

D.success

19、(19)

A.expanding

B.continuing

C.puzzling

D.encouraging

20、(20)

A.so

6

B.although

C.hence

D.since

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.（40points）

Rarelydomajordiseaseshaveasinglecause.Theyareusually

theresultofacomplexinteractionbetweenmanyfactors,

includinggenetic,environmentalandlifestyle,components.

Manymediareports,however,canteadustobelievethatifwe

gaveupsomethingthatwemightotherwiseenjoy,wecould

completelyescapethatparticularaffliction.

Clearly,thisisnotthecase.Vegetariansdieofcancerofthe

colon（结月牙）.Teetotallersdieoflivercomplaints,including

cirrhosis（硬化）.Peoplewhonevergooutinthesuncontract

skinmelanomas（黑素瘤）.Always,thereareotherfactorsat

workthanthesingleelementbeingexaminedinascientific

study.

Quiteoftentheallegedbenefitsofaparticularnutritional

elementaretheresultnotsomuchoftheelementitselfbut

ofthelifestyle,andgeneraldietofthepeoplewhoconsume

itmost.Peoplewhoeatlotsof“healthy"foods,includingfiber,

carrots,broccolietc.,alsotendtodrinklessalcohol,take

moreexercise,avoidtoomanyfattyfoodsandsmokeless.Only

whenastudycanruleoutalloftheseotherfactorsandoften

wedonotknowwhatthesefactorsmightbecanwesaythatthere

isacausallinkbetweentwothings.Thatisnottosaythat

thingslikefiberandbroccolihavenobeneficialeffectsat

all.Butthosewithsedentarylifestylescannotexpectthese

foodstomakethemhealthy.

Thereis,however,onethingwhichincreasesthe1ikelihoodof

dyingrelativelyyoung,evenwhenalloftheotherfactorshave

beentakenintoaccount.Itisoneofthebiggestkillerseven

amongthosewholeadlifestyleswhich,byanycriteria,are

clearlyhealthyones.Thissingle,incontrovertiblerisk

factoristhatofbeingpoor.RecentreportfromtheCancer

ResearchCampaignsuggestedthat12700deathscouldhavebeen

avoidedbetween1986and1990ifinequalitiesincancercare

didnotexistinEnglandandWales.Comparingcancersurvival

rates,thestudyfoundthatEnglandandWalesfaredunfavorably

withEuropeandtheUS,butthemostaffluentregionsofthese

twocountriesexhibitedsimilarfigurestotheEuropeanaverage.

Inanattempttocounterthisdisparitythegovernmenthas

announcedplansfortheprovisionofHealthActionZoneswhich

seektoencouragegreatercooperationbetweenhealthandsocial

services,targetingbothruralandinnercityareas.The

emphasisofthisnewschemehoweverappearstofocuson

inadequacieswithinhealtheducationintheseareas,rather

thanattackingthebroaderissuesofsocialinequality.

Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatarewelikelytoread

inmanymediareports?

A.Aparticulardiseaseisassociatedwithasinglecause.

B.Weshouldenjoyasmanythingsaspossible.

C.Wecanneverunderstandhowdifferentfactorsinteractto

causeadisease.

D.Adiseaseiscausedmorebygenesthanbylifestyles.

2、

Thefactthatavegetariancandieofcoloncancerindicates

that.

A.thecolonissensitivetovegetables

B.peopleshouldeatdifferentkindsofvegetablesratherthan

one

C.coloncancerisnottiedtoaparticularfood

D.coloncanceriscausedbyasingleunknowncause

3、

Accordingtotheauthor,fiberandbroccoliaretheso-called

“healthy"foodsbecause.

A.theyareonlypartofageneraldietandlifestyle,that

contributetogoodhealth

B.thebenefitsofthesefoodsarestillunknown

C.thefoodsdonotbenefitpeoplewithsedentarylifestyles

D.peoplewhoeatthesefoodstendtoadoptunhealthy

lifestyles

4、

Cancersurvivalratesfoundinthestudywere1owerinWales

thanintheUSbecause.

A.peopleinWaleseatmoreunhealthyfoodthanpeopleinthe

US

B.peopleinWalesarepoorerthanpeopleintheUS

C.peopleinWalesarericherthanpeopleintheUS

D.cancersinWalesarecausedbymorecomplexfactorsthan

thoseintheUS

5、

Accordingtotheauthor,toreducecancerdeathsinEngland

andWales,thegovernmentshould.

A.sponsormorecancerresearch

B.runhealtheducationprogramsinruralandinnercityareas

C.attacktheissuesofsocialinequality

D.adviseitspeopletoobtainmedicalinsurance

6、Sheknewhowtomakeanentrance.Herdarkhaircutina

severepageboy,AynRandwouldsweepintoaroomwithalong

blackcape,adollar-signpinonherlapelandaneverpresent

cigaretteinanivoryholder.Melodramatic,yes,butRand

didn'thavetimetobesubtle.Shehadmillionsofpeopleto

converttoobjectivism,herphilosophyofradical

individualism,limitedgovernmentandavoidanceofaltruism

andreligion.Heradoringfollowers-somecalledthema

cult一reveredherasthehighpriestessoflaissez-faire

capitalismuntilherdeathin1982atage77.

ThebadeconomyhasbeengoodnewsforRand'slegacy.Herfierce

denunciationsofgovernmentregulationhavesentsalesofher

twobest-knownnovels,TheFountainheadandAtlasShrugged,

soaring.Yetherme-firstbrandofcapitalismhasbeen

exccoriated（严峻批判）forfomenting（引发）therecent

financialcrisis.Andhermostfamousformeracolyte-onetime

FedchairmanAlanGreenspan-hasbeenblamedforinflatingthe

housingbubblebyrefusingtointerveneinthemarket.

Inthemidstofthenewlyrekindleddebate,twoexcellent

biographieshavejustbeenpublished:AynRandandtheWorld

SheMade,byAnneC.Heller(Doubleday;592pages),isa

comprehensivestudy,innovelisticdetail,ofRand，spersonal

life,andGoddessoftheMarket:AynRandandtheAmericanRight,

byJenniterBurns(Oxford;369pages),leansmoreheavilyon

Rand，stheoriesandpolitics.

Fromherearliestyears,Randwasawomanonamission.Born

in1905toabourgeoisJewishfamilyinSt.Petersburg,Rand

was12whentheBolshevikRevolutiontookplace.Herfamily,

suddenlypoor,wasforcedtoflee,andRand'shatredof

communismandanysortofcollectivismwouldguideherlife.

ArrivingintheUSin1926withanewname,Ayn(rhymeswith

fine)madeherwaytoHollywood,whereshehadmodestsuccess

asascreenwriterandmarriedanaspiringactor,Frank

0,Connor.Herpoliticizationcamewhensheandherhusband

workedonRepublicanWendel1Willkie，slosingpresidential

campaignin1940.AccordingtoBurns,“BeforeWillkieshehad

beenpro-capitalistyetpessimistic,writing'Thecapitalist

worldislow,unprincipled,andcorrupt.'Nowshecelebrated

capitalismasthe'noblest,cleanestandmostidealisticsystem

ofalT.”

TheFountainhead,anepicnovelchroniclingthestrugglesof

anarchitectnamedHowardRoarkagainstconventionalvalues,

washerbreakoutwork.Inherracetogetthesprawling700

booktopress,shebegantakingtheamphetamineBenzedrine(一

种兴奋齐!J的名称)tofuelherefforts."Randusedittopowerher

lastmonthsofworkonthenovel,includingseveral24-hour

sessionscorrectingpageproofs,z，writesBurns.Thebook

broughtRandfinancialsecurityandfame.

Theword"Melodramatic”(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobably

〃〃

means.

A.Exaggerated

B.Melodic

C.Decent

D.Dramatical

7、

AynRand'sstandpointdoesNOTinclude.

A.radicalindividualism

B.laissez-fairecapitalism

C.racialdiscrimination

D.avoidanceofaltruismandreligion

8、

WhyisthebadeconomygoodnewsforRand'slegacy?

A.Becauseitmadeherbookssellwell.

B.Becausetherewasexcoriationtowardsherbooks.

C.Becauseshewasamodestsuccessfulwriter.

D.Becauseherviewpointtriggeredtherecentfinancial

crisis.

9、

WhatdowelearnaboutAynRand?

A.ShewasborninaproletarianJewishfamily.

B.Shelikedcommunismandanysortofcolleetivism.

C.SheandherhusbandhadneverworkedforRepublican.

D.Heroriginalnamewasn'tAyn.

10、

Thebesttitleforthetextis.

A.AynRand'sStory

B.AynRand'sBooks

C.AynRand:ExtremistorVisionary

D.AdorationofAynRand

11、Assummerrollsaround,lawmakersinWashingtonare

preparingtovoteonajobsbillthatwouldinclude$1billion

forsummerjobsforteens.Muchoftheurgencyfortheprogram

stemsfromtheprivate-sectorplungeinsummerjobsfor

teenagersoverthepastfewyears.It'snosecretthatthe

recessionwallopedteens'jobsasmuchasitdidtheirparents.

Butsomeeconomistsfindtheclamorforpublicjobsprograms

alittleironic,givenlastyear'smidrecessionminimumwage

increase,whichmayhavereducedteenemploymentevenbeyond

therecessionarydrop.

Beforetheminimumwagejumpedto$7.25anhourlastsummer,

UniversityofCalifornia-IrvineeconomistDavidNeumark

estimatedthatitwouldleadtoanadditional300000joblosses

forteensandyoungadults.The2022wageincreasewassetin

motioninabetterlabormarketinMay2022,whenCongressvoted

toboosttheminimumfrom$5.15anhourto$7.25anhourover

thecourseofthenexttwoyears.

It'shardtoparsethejobslostbecauseoftherecessionand

thoselostbecauseoftheminimumwageincrease-there'sno

directevaluationoftheimpactofthewageincreaseyet一but

it'slikelythatraisingthewagefloorcontributedtothe

record-highteenunemploymentrates,Neumarksays."Almost

everyoneacceptsthatminimumwagesdecreaseemploymentor

likelyincreaseunemploymentoftheleast-skilled,/zhesays.

Neumarkadvocatedfordelayinglastyear'sincrease.

Theunemploymentrateforteenagerswas25.4percentinApril,

comparedwith9.9percentoverall,accordingtotheBureauof

LaborStatistics.Teensgenerallyhavehigherunemployment

rates.InNovember2022,themonthbeforethestartofthe

recession,theunemploymentratefortheoverallpopulationwas

4.7percent,versus16.2percentforworkersaged16to19.

Teenemploymenthasbeendecliningforsometime.The

percentageofteenswithjobshasfallenfromabout57percent

in1989toabout40percentin2022(bothdatesreflecthealthy

economies).Thereasonsarediverse.Foronething,increased

schoolenrollmentappearstoaccountforaboutathirdofthat

decline,accordingtotheEconomicPolicyInstitute."Forteens,

therehasbeenaremarkablelong-termshiftfromsummer

employmenttosummerenrollment,，zreportsEPIeconomistHeidi

Shierholz.

Oneofthecriticalissuesforjob-seekingteensisthechanging

faceofthecompetition,whichisincreasinglyskilled."Not

onlyaretheycompetingwitheachotherforavailablepositions,

buttheyarecompetingwithrecentcollegegraduatesandjob

seekerswhohavetwoormoreyearsofon-the-jobexperienceand

arewillingtotakealmostanypositionthatprovidesasteady

paycheck,“saysJohnChallengerofoutplacementfirm

Challenger,GrayChristmas.

Theword"walloped”(Line3,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans

A.decreased

B.affected

C.increased

D.hit

12、

Whyisithardtoanalyzethejobslost?

A.Becausethere'snodatashowingtheimpactofthewage

increase.

B.Becausetheminimumwagesdecreaseemploymentrates.

C.Becausetherearesomeunstablefactors.

D.Becausesummeremploymenthasshiftedtosummerenrollment.

13、

Themostimportantthingforjob-seekingteensis.

A.havingoneormoreyearsofon-the-jobexperience

B.raisingthewagefloor

C.havinganewperspectiveoncompetition

D.makingagoodcurriculumvitae

14、

Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Economicrecessionwouldleadtoanadditionaljoblosses.

B.Washingtonvotesonajobsbillforincreasingteenagers)

summerjobs.

C.Theincreaseinteenunemploymentratesisattributedto

thecombinationoftherecessionandotherfactors.

D.Raisingthewagefloorcontributedtothehighteen

unemploymentrates.

15、

WecaninferthatJohnChallenger'sattitudetowards

job-huntingis.

A.optimistic

B.indifferent

C.neutral

D.worried

16、RigobertoPadilla,21,cametotheUSAfromMexicowhen

hewas6.HewenttoschoolinChicago,joinedthehonorsociety

anddreamedofbecomingalawyer-allwhilelivinghere

illegally.Padilla，sstatuswasn'taproblemuntilheapplied

forcollegeandcouldn'tqualifyforfinancialaidwithouta

SocialSecuritynumber,hesays.

InJanuary,theUniversityofIllinois-Chicagojuniorwas

chargedwithdrunkendriving.Hepleadedguiltytoa

misdemeanor（轻罪），paidafineandgotcourtsupervision,but

thatbroughthimtotheattentionofimmigrationofficialsand

triggereddeportationproceedings."Itwasonemistakeinmy

life,“hesays.

Padilia,simpendingdeportation,catapulted(猛投)himintoa

campaigntostopthedeportationofcollegestudentsandrecent

graduates.Lawmakers,students,membersoftheclergyandother

acti-vistshopetobuythestudentstimeandusetheirstories

topushforlawsthatwouldallowthem,andperhapsmillions

ofotherillegalimmigrants,toearnlegalstatus,saysJoshua

HoytoftheIllinoisCoalitionforImmigrantandRefugeeRights.

ImmigrationandCustomsEnforcement(ICE)agreedlastweekto

delayPadilla'sdeportationforayear,makinghimoneofat

leastsevenyoungillegalimmigrantswhohavehadtheir

deportationsdelayedsinceJune,accordingtoDreamActivist,

oneofthegroupsspearheadingthecampaign.Familytiesand

communitystandingareamongthefactorsICEconsiderswhen

askedtodelayadeportation,saysICEspokesmanRichardRocha.

“Iwanttograduatecollegeandgivebacktothiscountry,“

Padillasays.HissupportersfloodedtheDepartmentofHomeland

SecuritywiththousandsoffaxesanddesignedaFacebookpage

telling2800membershowtohelp.TheChicagoCityCouncil

passedaresolutioninhisbehalf,andRep.JanSchakowsky,

D-Ill.,introducedabillspecificallyforhimthatwouldallow

himtostay."Whywouldwedepriveourselvesofoutstanding

studentsandfutureleaders?”sheasks."Theyhadnopartin

thedecisiontocomehere.

Thereare12millionillegalimmigrantsintheUSA.Activists

callforanoverhaulofimmigrationlawthatwouldofferthem

awaytoearnlegalstatus.Rep.LuisGutierrez,Dill.,

introducedabillTuesdaythatwouldgiveillegalimmigrants

whopayfines,passbackgroundchecksandmeetother

requirementsapathtowardlegalresidency.Collegestudents

whoareillegalimmigrantsfailunderaseparateproposal

calledtheDevelopment,ReliefandEducationforAlienMinors

Act-theDREAMAct.Requirementswouldincludearrivalinthe

USAat15oryounger,afive-yearresidencyormore,andatleast

twoyearsofcollegeormilitaryservice.Versionsoftheact

havebeenintroducedsince2022withoutsuccess.

Padillacouldbedeportedbecause.

A.hewaschargedwithdrunkendriving

B.hehadnoSocialSecuritynumber

C.hedidnotgetthefinancialaidinthecollege

D.hewasanillegalin,migrant

17、

ThefundamentalreasonforPadilla'sdeportationdelayisthat

A.theofficialswillinvestigatethecasenolongerbecause

ofthelaw

B.manypeopleaskedforthedelayofthedeportationforhim

C.heisstillacollegestudent

D.ICEconsideredthefactorshisfamilytiesandcommunity

standing

18、

WhydosomeAmericansaskforlegalstatusforsomeillegal

immigrants?

A.Becausetheywouldgetdecentjobsinthefuture.

B.Becausetheywouldbecomeoutstandingpeopleandgiveback

tothecountry.

C.Becausetherearesomelawstoprotectthem.

D.Becausetheyarenotharmfultothecountry.

19、

Accordingtothetext,illegalimmigrantsintheUS.

A.arenotallowedtoapplyforcolleges

B.havealreadyhadanimmigrationlaw

C.cannotjoinanycommunity

D.cannotgetajobforliving

20、

Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A.IfastudentintheUSischargedwithdrunkendriving,he

willnotqualifyforfinancialaid.

B.Thereisn'talawtooffertheillegalimmigrantsearnlegal

status.

C.Padillaisnotarealillegalimmigrant.

D.NotalltheillegalimmigrantsintheUSwillbedeported

eventually.

21、PartB(10points)

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.For

Questions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-G

tofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextra

choices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.

FieldsacrossEuropearecontaminatedwithdangerouslevelsof

theantibioticsgiventofarmanimals.Thedrugs,whicharein

manuresprayedontofieldsasfertilizers,couldbegetting

intoourfoodandwater,helpingtocreateanewgenerationof

antibiotic-resistant“superbugs”.

ThewarningcomesfromaresearcherinSwitzerlandwholooked

atlevelsofthedrugsinfarmslurry.41.

Some20,000tonsantibioticsareusedintheEuropeanUnionand

theUSeachyear.Morethanhalfaregiventofarm-animalsto

preventdiseaseandpromotegrowth.Butrecentresearchhas

foundadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseduseofthesefarmyard

drugsandtheappearanceofantibiotic-resistantbugsthat

infectpeople.

42.Butfarmoreofthedrugsendupinmanurethanin

meatproducts,saysStephenMuelleroftheSwissFederal

InstituteforEnvironmentalScienceandTechnologyin

Dubendorf.Andmanurecontainsespeciallyhighlevelsofbugs

thatareresistanttoantibiotics,hesays.

Withmillionsoftonsofanimalsmanurespreadontofieldsof

cropssuchaswheatandbarleyeachyear,thispathwayseems

anequally1ikelyrouteforspreadingresistance,hesaid.

43.Theycouldalsobeleachingintotapwaterpumpedfrom

rocksbeneathfertilizedfields.

Muellerisparticularlyconcernedaboutagroupofantibiotics

calledsulphonamides.Theydonoteasilydegradeordissolve

inwater.HisanalysisfoundthatSwissfarmmanurecontains

ahighpercentageofsulphonamides;eachhectareoffieldcould

becontaminatedwithupto1kilogramofthedrugs.44.But

vetsarenottreatingtheissueseriously.

Thereisgrowingconcernattheextenttowhichdrugs,including

antibiotics,arepollutingtheenvironment.45.

[A]Thedrugscontaminatethecrops,whicharetheneaten.

[B]Thisconcentrationishighenoughtotriggerthe

developmentofresistanceamongbacteria.

[C]Animalantibioticsisstillanareatowhichinsufficient

attentionhasbeenpaid.

[D]Mostresearchersassumedthathumansbecomeinfectedwith

theresistantstrainsbyeatingcontaminatedmeat.

[E]Thereisnodoubtthatthefoodanddrinkisalwaysimportant

tothehealth.

[F]Manydrugsgiventohumansarealsoexcretedunchangedand

arenotbrokendownbyconventionalsewagetreatment.

[G]HisfindingsareparticularlyshockingbecauseSwitzerland

isoneofthefewcountriestohavebannedantibioticsasgrowth

promotersinanimalfeed.

(41)

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26^PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Notmanyindustriesaredoingwellintherecession.Butalong

withdiscountretailersandpawnbrokers,online-datingsites

suchaseHarmony,cornandOkCupid.comhaveseenbusinesslook

up.Thereareseveraltheoriesto