Unit+3+Getting+along+with+others+Period+2+Grammar+and+usage+课件+-【知识精讲精研】高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

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第一册Unit3Period2Grammarandusage12Tounderstandthemeaningofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsandsummarizethegeneralrulesofit.Touserestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounstodescribefriendsappropriately.Activity1:WorkbyyourselfArealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtotheworld.Yetthesedays,themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Wemaybeabletomakemanyfriendsonline,butthesefriendshipscanbequiteshallow.Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.Textingandmessagingcannottaketheplaceofface-to-facechatting."Sharing"ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhichmattermosttous."Liking"ourfriends'photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichweshare.Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives,weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeettheminperson.目标一：TounderstandthemeaningofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsandsummarizethegeneralrulesofitTask1Findthesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesinthearticle.①Arealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.②Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.③Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtothe

world.④...themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.⑤Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.⑥“Sharing”ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalues

whichmattermosttous.⑦“Liking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichwe

share.AnswersTask2Observethesentencesandworkingouttherules.FillintheblanksonP34ofthetextbookbyyourself.WorkingouttherulesArestrictiverelativeclausemodifiesanoun,pronounornounphrasebeforeit.Weuserelativepronounsorrelativeadverbstointroducerestrictiverelativeclauses.Weuse(1)________forthings,and(2)________andwhomforpeople.Wecanuse(3)_______forboththingsandpeople.Weuse(4)_________toshowpossession.whichwhothatwhoseActivity2:WorkinpairsArealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.Yetthesedays,the

moderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.antecedentsrelativepronounsrestrictiverelativeclausesThenoun,pronounornounphraseisthe_________.Wecanuse_________________tointroducerestrictiverelativeclauses.antecedent

relativepronounsTask1Workouttherulesbyobservingsentencesandfillintheblanks.Task2Observewhatelementsaremissingfromtheattributiveclausesbelow.Therearefiveboyswhowillplaythegame.Mr.Brownistheteacherwhoweshowgreatrespectfor.Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisadoctor.lackofsubjectlackofobjectlackofobjectactasattributeI’vereadallthebooksthatareaboutthismatter.Youmustdoeverythingthatyoucando.Dangyangisnotasmallplacethatitusedtobe.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.lackofsubjectlackofobjectlackofpredicativelackofobjectrelativepronounsbeusedaswhowhomwhosethatwhichsubject,objectattributeobjectsubject,object,predicativesubject,objectFillintheblanksActivity3:WorkingroupsSummarizethegeneralrulesofrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns(definition,structureandusageofrelativepronouns)andshowthemonstage.小组展示1组2组3组4组Summary一、定义：限制性定语从句（restrictiverelativeclause）指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的（人）”或“…的（物）”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。

由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句二、结构:被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词关系副词。三、关系代词的用法:定语从句可由关系代词

who,whom,whose,which,that引导关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主、宾whom人宾which物主、宾that人或物主、宾、表whose人或物定语1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时，可省略。2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时可省略。5.whose引导的定语从句，既可修饰人，也可修饰物，whose在从句中作定语。4.that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语或表语时，可省略。Supplement(1)关系代词在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。如：Theboywhoisrunningontheplaygroundisthebestrunnerinourschool.(who作主语，不可省略）Thesubject(which)IlikebestinEnglish.(which作宾语，可省略）Supplement(2)关系代词也可以用作介词的宾语。在正式场合，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可省略，也不可以用that代替。如：Isthisthemagazine(which/that)youweretalkingaboutjustnow?=Isthisthemagazineaboutwhichyouweretalkingjustnow?但是要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。如：Youaretheveryperson(whom/that)wearelookingfor.Supplement(3)当先行词是way并且定语从句要表示“以……的方式”时，定语从句常用that或inwhich

引导，that和inwhich也可以省略。如：Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.Supplement①先行词中有人又有物时。e.g.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?(4)只能用that不能用which的情况:②先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。e.g.Thisisall

thatIwantfromtheschool.③先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。e.g.Thisistheverybook

thatIhavebeenlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。e.g.TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。e.g.Thefirstlesson

thatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.目标二：Touserestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronounsto

describefriendsappropriatelyBApplyingtherulesActivity1:Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingrestrictiverelativeclauses.1.Commoninterestsproviderichground.Manyfriendshipsgrowfromrichground.Commoninterestsproviderichground_______________________________.2.Whenfriends’communicationiswarmandopen,friendshipsgrowbest.Friendshipsgrowbestbetweenfriends_______________________________.

3.Friendshipsarelikeflowers.Theseflowersneedtobetakengoodcareof.Friendshipsarelikeflowers_______________________________.fromwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowwhosecommunicationiswarmandopenwhich/thatneedtobetakengoodcareof4.Arelationshipwithatruefriendwillsurelyproducefruit.Youcancountonatruefriend.Arelationshipwithatruefriend_____________________________willsurelyproducefruit.5.Youhavebeenhelpedbyothers.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpothersinthesameway.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpotherstheway__________________________________________.(whom/that/who)youcancountonthatyouhavebeenhelpedbyothersActivity2:Thepassagebelowisaboutfriendshipinagreatnovel.Completethepassagewithcorrectrelativepronounswherenecessary.InMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberry

Finn,thefriendship(1)___________formsbetweenHuckFinnandJimisanimportantthemeofthebook,thoughtheyappeartobeanunlikelypair.Huckisapoorwhiteboy(2)________fatheroftenbeatshim,whileJimisablackslave(3)_________longstobefree.Oneday,Huckrunsawayfromhometoanisland.TherehemeetsJimandmakesfriendswithhim.Thentheyleavetheislandtogetheronaraft(4)__________theyfindontheMississippiRiver.TheyheadnorthtoIllinois,astatein(5)______Jimcanbecomefree.ThehighpointofthestorycomeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.Intheend,HuckdecidesthatJimisafriend(6)_________________heneedsandvalues,andrefusestogivehimup.Fromthisstorywecanseethatfriendsarepeople(7)________supportyouthroughthickandthin.which/thatwhosewho/that(which/that)which(whom/who/that)who/thatActivity3:Inpairs,describea