1997年1月大英四级考试题

1997年1月大英四级考试题PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlynice.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer,ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithalinethroughthecentre.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread:A)Attheoffice.B)Inthewaitingroom.C)Attheairport.D)Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.Thisismostlikelytohaveplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A)"Attheofficeisthebestanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]1.A)Lookforamoreexpensivehotel. B)Gotoanotherhotelbybus.C)Trytofindaquietplace. D)Takeawalkaroundthecity.2.A)They'retalkingaboutnicechildren. B)Themanhasahouseforsale.C)Thewomanlivesinanicehouse. D)Themanhasthreechildren.3.A)Inahotel. B)Atadinnertable.C)Inthestreet. D)Attheman'shouse.4.A)Relatives. B)Roommates.C)Colleagues. D)Neighbours.5.A)5:00 B)5:15 C)5:30 D)5:456.A)Hewantstohavemoresleep. B)Hiswifedoesn'tsleepwell.C)Womenneedmoresleepthanmen. D)Hedoesn'tneedasmuchsleepashiswife.7.A)Astudent. B)Areporter. C)Avisitor. D)Alecturer.8.A)Totheschool. B)Toafriend'shouse C)Tothepostoffice. D)Home.9.A)Heisafraidwewon'tbechosenforthetrip. B)Thebosshasnotdecidedwheretogo.C)Suchatripisnecessaryforthecompany.D)It'snotcertainwhetherthetripwilltakeplace.10.A)Itwasboring. B)Itwasentertaining. C)Itwastouching. D)Itwasencouraging.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.11.A)Hewantedtofindaplacetoreadhispapers.B)Hewantedtokilltimebeforeboardingtheplane.C)Hefeltthirstyandwantedsomecoffee.D)Hewenttheretomeethisfriends.12.A)Toysforchildren. B)Importantdocuments.C)Foodandcoffee. D)Clothesandscientificpapers.13.A)Thewomantookhiscaseonpurpose. B)Allhispapershadbeenstolen.C)Hehadtakenthewoman'scase. D)Thewomanplayedajokeonhim.PassageTwoQuestions14to16arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.14.A)TheliberationmovementofBritishwoman. B)RapideconomicdevelopmentinBritain.C)Changingattitudestofamilylife. D)ReasonsforchangesinfamilylifeinBritain.15.A)Becausemillionsofmendiedinthewar. B)Becausewomenhadprovedtheirworth.C)Becausewomenweremoreskillfulthanmen.D)Becausefactoriespreferredtoemploywomen.16.A)Theconceptof"thefamily"asasocialunit.B)Theattitudestobirthcontrol.C)Theattitudestoreligion. D)Theideasofauthorityandtradition.PassageThreeQuestions17to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.17.A)Thosewhoarethemselvesspoiledandself-centered.B)Thosewhoexpectedtohaveseveralchildrenbutcouldonlyhaveone.C)Thosewholiketogiveexpensivejewelstotheirchildren.D)Thosewhogivebirthtotheironlychildrenwhentheyarebelow30.32.Itisreportedthat______adoptedchildrenwanttoknowwhotheirnaturalparentsare.A)themost B)mostof C)most D)themostof33.Lastyeartheadvertisingrate______by20percent.A)raised B)aroused C)arose D)rose34._____beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.A)Hadtheyarrived B)WouldtheyarriveC)Weretheyarriving D)Weretheytoarrive35.Thestrongstormdidalotofdamagetothecoastalvillages:severalfishingboatswere____andmanyhousescollapsed.A)wrecked B)spoiled C)torn D)injured36.Thelittlemanwas_______onemetrefiftyhigh.A)almostmorethan B)hardlymorethanC)nearlymorethan D)asmuchas37.As______announcedintoday'spapers.TheShanghaiExportCommoditiesFairisalsoopenonSundays.A)being B)is C)tobe D)been38.Youseethelightning_____ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.A)theinstant B)foraninstant C)ontheinstant D)inatinstant39.Themanagerlosthis______justbecausehissecretarywastenminuteslate.A)mood B)temper C)mind D)passion40GreatasNewtonwas,manyofhisideas______todayandarebeingmodifiedbytheworkofscientistsofourtime.A)aretochallenge B)maybechallengedC)havebeenchallenged D)arechallenging41.Pleasethecarefulwhenyouaredrinkingcoffeeincaseyou______thenewcarpet.A)crash B)pollute C)spot D)stain42.I'dratherreadthanwatchtelevision;theprogramsseem________allthetime.A)togetworse B)tobegettingworseC)tohavegotworse D)gettingworse43.Conveniencefoodswhicharealreadypreparedforcookingare______ingrocerystores.A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available44.WhenIcaughthim______Istoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.A)cheating B)cheat C)tocheat D)tobecheating45.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney______tofundtheproject.A)becollected B)mustbecollected C)wascollected D)canbecollected46.Someoldpeopledon'tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan't____somuchnoise.A)resist B)sustain C)tolerate D)undergo47.Ifonlythecommittee______theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.A)approve B)willapprove C)canapprove D)wouldapprove48._____onetime,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.A)On B)By C)At D)Of49.______itornot,hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.A)Believe B)Tobelieve C)Believing D)Believed50.Mr.Morgancanbeverysad______,thoughinpublicheisextremelycheerful.A)byhimself B)inperson C)inprivate D)asindividualPartIIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreader,andsoon.Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlift.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoocomereadymade,andtherangeofchoiceamongthemislimited.51.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus______.A)determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjobB)behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeopleC)protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituationsD)makefriendswithotherpeople52.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses_____.A)inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers B)inordertobetteridentifyothersC)astheirmentalprocesseschange D)asthesituationchanges53.Theword"appraisal"(Line5,Para2)mostprobablymeans"_______".A)involvement B)appreciation C)assessmentD)presentation54.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun"it"refersto"_____".A)fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriatelyB)identificationofotherpeople'sstatusesC)selectingone'sownstatusesD)constantmentalprocess55.Bysayingthat"anAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince"(Lines2-3,Para.3),thewritermeans____.A)differentpeoplehavedifferentstylesofclothesB)ready-madeclothesmayneedalterationsC)statusescomereadymadejustlikeclothesD)ourchoiceofstatusesislimitedPassageTwoQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Manyayoungpersontellsmehewantstobeawriter.Ialwaysencouragesuchpeople,butIalsoexplainthatthere'sabigdifferencebetween"beingawriter"andwriting.Inmostcasestheseindividualsaredreamingofwealthandfame,notthelonghoursaloneatatypewriter."You'vegottowanttowrite,"Isaytothem,"notwanttobeawriter".Therealityisthatwritingisalonely,privateandpoor-payingaffair.Foreverywriterkissedbyfortunetherearethousandsmorewhoselongingisneverrewarded.WhenIlefta20-yearcareerintheU.S.CoatGuardtobecomeafreelancewriter,Idadnoprospectsatall.WhatIdidhavewasafriendwhofoundmemyroominaNewYorkapartmentbuilding.Itdidn'tevenmatterthatitwascoldandhadnobathroom.Iimmediatelyboughtausedmanualtypewriterandfeltlikeagenuinewriter.Afterayearorso,however,Istillhadn'tgottenabreakandbegantodoubtmyself.Itwassohardtosellastorythatbarelymadeenoughtoeat.ButIknewIwantedtowrite,Ihaddreamedaboutitforyears.Iwasn'tgoingtobeoneofthosepeoplewhodiewondering,Whatif?Iwouldkeepputtingmydreamtothetest-eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearoffailure.ThisistheShadowlandofhope,andanyonewithadreammustlearntolivethere.56.Thepassageismeantto______.A)warnyoungpeopleofthehardshipsthatasuccessfulwriterhastoexperienceB)adviseyoungpeopletogiveuptheirideaofbecomingaprofessionalwriterC)showyoungpeopleit'sunrealisticforawritertopursuewealthandfameD)encourageyoungpeopletopursueawritingcareer57.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A)Genuinewritersoftenfindtheirworkinterestingandrewarding.B)Awriter'ssuccessdependsonluckratherthanoneffort.C)Famouswritersusuallyliveinpovertyandisolation.D)Thechancesforawritertobecomesuccessfularesmall.58.Whydidtheauthorbegintodoubthimselfafterthefirstyearofhiswritingcareer?A)Hewasn'tabletoproduceasinglebook. B)Hehadn'tseenachangeforthebetter.C)Hewasn'tabletohavearestforawholeyear.D)whoarefullofimaginationevenupondeath.59."...peoplewhodiewondering,Whatif?"(Line3,Para.3)refersto"those______".A)whothinktoomuchofthedarksideoflifeB)whoregretgivinguptheircareerhalfwayC)whothinkalotwithoutmakingadecisionD)whoarefullofimaginationevenupondeath60."Shadowland"inthelastsentencerefersto________.A)thewonderlandoneoftendreamsaboutB)thebrightfuturethatoneislookingforwardtoC)thestateofuncertaintybeforeone'sfinalgoalisreachedD)aworldthatexistsonlyinone'simaginationPassageThreeQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Itis,everyoneagrees,ahugetaskthatthechildperformswhenhelearnstospeak,andthefactthathedoessoinsoshortaperiodoftimechallengesexplanation.Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Individualchildrenvarygreatlyintheamountoflisteningtheydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlatestartersareoftenlonglisteners.Mostchildrenwill"obey"spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak,thoughthewordobeyishardlyaccurateasadescriptionoftheeageranddelightedcooperationusuallyshownbythechild.Beforetheycanspeak,manychildrenwillalsoaskquestionsbygestureandbymakingquestioningnoises.Anyattempttotracethedevelopmentfromthenoisesbabiesmaketotheirfirstspokenwordsleadstoconsiderabledifficulties.Itisagreedthattheyenjoymakingnoises,andthatduringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisessortthemselvesoutasparticularlyindicativeofdelight,distress,sociability,andsoon.Butsincethesecannotbesaidtoshowthebaby'sintentiontocommunicate,theycanhardlyberegardedasearlyformsoflanguage.Itisagreed,too,thatfromaboutthreemonthstheyplaywithsoundsforenjoyment,andthatbysixmonthstheyareabletoaddnewsoundstotheirrepertoireThisself-imitationleadsontodeliberateimitationofsoundsmadeorwordsspokentothembyotherpeople.Theproblemthenarisesastothepointatwhichonecansaythattheseimitationscanbeconsideredasspeech.61.By"....challengesexplanation"(Line2,Para.1)theauthormeansthat______.A)noexplanationisnecessaryforsuchanobviousphenomenonB)noexplanationhasbeenmadeuptonowC)it'snoeasyjobtoprovideanadequateexplanationD)it'shightimethatanexplanationwasprovided62.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout_________A)thedevelopmentofbabies'earlyformsoflanguageB)thedifficultiesofbabiesinlearningtospeakC)babies'strongdesiretocommunicateD)babies'intentiontocommunicate63.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthesecondparagraphistoshowthatchildren_______.A)usuallyobeywithoutaskingquestions B)arepassivetheprocessoflearningtospeakC)areborncooperative D)learntospeakbylistening64.Fromthepassagewelearnthat_______-A)earlystarterscanlearntospeakwithinonlysixmonthsB)childrenshowastrongdesiretocommunicatebymakingnoisesC)imitationplaysanimportantroleinlearningtospeakD)childrenhavevariousdifficultiesinlearningtospeak65.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A)HowBabiesLearntoSpeak B)EarlyFormsofLanguageC)AHugeTaskforChildren D)NoiseMakingandLanguageLearningPassageFourQuestions66to70arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudythererelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparkscreativityingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology."Ifkidsknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,"sayRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards."Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Eisenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefailinggrades.Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomies,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.66.Psychologistsaredividedwithregardtotheirattitudestoward______.A)thechoicebetweenspiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewardsB)theamountofmonetaryrewardsforstudent'creativityC)thestudyofrelationshipbetweenactionsandtheirconsequencesD)theeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudent'sperformance67.Whatistheresponseofmanyeducatorstheexternalrewardsfortheirstudents?A)Theyhavenodoubtsaboutthem. B)Theyhavedoubtsaboutthem.C)Theyapproveofthem. D)Theyavoidtalkingaboutthem.68.Whichofthefollowingcanbestraisestudents'creativityaccordingtoRobertEisenberger?A)Assigningthemtaskstheyhavenotdealtwithbefore.B)Assigningthemtaskswhichrequireinventiveness.C)Givingthemrewardst