高考英语-阅读理解选编20

PAGE4-重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（20）阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2013·临沂市三模，D)Mapsoftheworld'spopulationshowthatthemajorityofpeopletodaylivenearwater.Welivealongcoastlines,aroundbays,upthecourseofriversandstreamsandonislands.Wealsovacationatthebeachandfindcomfortfishingonalake.Nothingmakessmallchildrenhappierthanthechanceofplayinginwater.Moresurprisingly,thishumanfavorforwatermakesevolutionary(进化的)sense.Sure,weneeddrinkingwatertolive,butwehavealsobenefitedfromwhat'sswimmingunderthewaves.NeuroscientistCrawfordoftheUniversityofCrawfordclaimsthatwhenhumansseparatedfromapes(类人猿)andappearedintheforestsofAfrica,theystuckclosetoriversandbeachesandstartedcatchingfish,clamsandcrabs.Thatseafoodwaspackedwithomega3fattyacids,essentialfattyacidsthatpromotebraincellgrowth.It'snocoincidence,Crawfordclaims,thathumanbraingrowthbegantoincreaserapidlyonceweleftthewoodsandheadedforthebeach.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatpeoplewhoeatfishregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfromdepressionthanthosewhoeatlessseafood.BiochemistHibbelinoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthhasshownthatacrossculturesthereisadirectlinkbetweenamountoffisheateneachweekandratesofdepression.Moreinterestingly,HibbelinandresearcherLaurahavefoundthatfishiscommonlyusedasasymbolofhappinessandgoodhealthinvariousreligionsandcultures.Weknowthatfishandtheseaaregoodforus,andsoweseekthemout.Wevacationonthecoastandseethewavescomeandgo,feelinghappinesshastakenoverourbrain.Whenwemoveinland,orgohomefromvacation,welosetouchwithoursearootsandfeelunhappy.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。1．Toexplainhuman'sfavorforwater,theauthor________.A．listssomeexamplesB．comparessomefactsC．analyzessomenumbersD．raisessomequestions答案：A写作手法题。为了说明人们对水的偏爱，作者在第一段里列举了许多例子。2．Humanbeingshavebenefitedalotfromseafoodbecause________.A．seafoodhasenoughwaterandisfreshB．fishesintheseahavelargeandcomplexbrainsC．ourancestorshadnothingtoeatbutseafoodD．itisabundantinfattyacidspromotingbraincellgrowth答案：D细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“Thatseafoodwaspackedwithomega3fattyacids,essentialfattyacidsthatpromotebraincellgrowth.”可知答案。3．AccordingtoCrawford,humanbraindevelopedfastwhenwe________.A．wenttothecoasttospendourholidaysB．leftthewoodsandheadedforthebeachC．separatedfromapesandappearedintheforestsofAfricaD．discoveredseafoodwaspackedwithomega3fattyacids答案：B细节理解题。根据第五段从“Crawfordclaims,thathumanbraingrowthbegantoincreaserapidlyonceweleftthewoodsandheadedforthebeach.”可知答案。4．What'sthemainideaofParagraph6?A．Scientistshelppeopleovercomedepression.B．Fishisakindofsymbolinsomereligions.C．Eatingfishregularlymayreduceourdepression.D．Happinessislinkedwithgoodhealth.答案：C主旨大意题。第六段的中心句是第一句“...Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatpeoplewhoeatfishregularlyarelesslikelytosufferfromdepression”，其余句子都是围绕这个中心内容的。5．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．It'sgoodtoourhealthtoswimunderthewaves.B．Humanhasthelargestandmostcomplexbrains.C．Beachisthebestdestinationofvacation.D．It'shumannaturetoseekoutbodiesofwater.答案：D推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段的内容可以推知，喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2014·枣庄高三模拟)MicrosoftfounderBillGateshasopenedupaboutbeingaparent，statingthat13isanappropriateageforachild’sfirstcellphone.The57­year­old，father­of­three，revealedonTheTodayShowthathischildrenJenniferandRorywerenotallowedphonesuntiltheir13thbirthdayandhisyoungestdaughterPhoebeisstillwaitingforone.“We’vechoseninourfamilythatit’s13whereyougetaphone，”theself­madebillionaireexplained.Hesaidasaresulthischildrenoftenreturnhomefromschoolcomplaining，“Alltheotherkidshaveone.I’mtheonlyonewithoutone.It’ssoembarrassing.”Askedifhekeepspasswordstohissonanddaughters’emailandFacebookaccounts，MrGatessaidthathedoesn’tforJennifer,16，whohedescribesas“independent”．Headmittedthatmonitoringonlineactivityis“averytrickyissueforparentsnow”．DespitetheirvastwealthMrandMrsGates，wholiveinLakeMedina，havesaidtheywanttogivetheirchildrenasnormalanupbringingaspossible.Itwaspreviouslyreportedthattheiryoungstershavetocompletehouseholdchoresandaregivenamodestamountofpocketmoney.Andin2010MrGatessaidthatheintendstogivemostofhis$61billionfortuneawayratherthanhanditdown.“Thatwouldn’tbegoodeitherformykidsorsociety，”1．WhatdoesthecellphonevideoonFacebookdisclose?A．MarkBlackinjuredastudentwithapencil.B．MarkBlackwrestledwithastudentinhisclass.C．MarkBlackconfiscatedabagandlockedastudent.D．MarkBlackcontrolledastudentwithphysicalforce.2．Inthefifthparagraph，theunderlinedword“it”refersto.A．makingjudgmentcallstoprotectsafetyB．puttingtheteacherinvolvedonleaveC．completionofanindependentinvestigationD．amatterofstandardpolicyandpractice3．Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat.A．thepeopleinvolvedinthemattersupportMarkBlackB．MarkBlackwillbeeventuallyfiredbytheSchoolBoardC．SandraLyonwonsomesupportfromparentsinitiallyD．nodecisionhasbeenmadefromtheinvestigationyet4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheTeacherPutonLeaveReceivedSupportB．ThousandsComeandSignthePetitionC．SchoolTeacherWrestledwithaStudentD．CellphoneVideoontheFacebookPage1．D2．B3．D4．A【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。London'snewestskyscraper(摩天大楼)iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430millionpoundstobuild.Ataheightofalmost310metres，itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShardhascompletelychangedtheappearanceofLondon.However，noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.TheShardwasdesignedbythefamousItalianarchitectRenzoPiano.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon，Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlookedlikeaspire(尖顶)．Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthecity.Thesidesofthebuildingaren'tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin，sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename：theShard.PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthetallmasts(桅杆)oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.TheShardhas87floors.Atthetop，thereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingisempty，buteventuallytherewillbeafive­starhotel.Therewillalsobetopqualityrestaurants，apartmentsandoffices.Beforebuildingworkbegan，alotofpeopledidn'twanttheShardthoughtheplanswereapproved.NowtheyarestillunhappyabouttheShard.SomecriticssaythatsuchatallskyscrapermightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork，butnotinLondon.TheysaythatthebestthingabouttheShardisitsspireshape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration，onlyflatsurfaces.TheEgyptiansdidthat4,500yearsago.TheyalsothinktheShardistoobigforLondon.Itdestroysthebeautyofthecity.Othercriticsdon'tlikewhattheShardseemstorepresent.TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbecomingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorestinLondon.SotheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrichandthepoor.TheShardnowdominatestheLondonskyline.Itisnotcertain，however，thatordinaryLondoncitizenswilleveracceptitasavaluableadditiontothecity.1．London'snewestskyscraperiscalledtheShardbecauseof________.A．itscost B．itssizeC．itsshape D．itsheight2．WhenhedesignedtheShard，Pianowanteditto________.A．changeLondon'sskylineB．inheritLondon'straditionC．imitatetheEgyptianstyleD．attractpotentialvisitors3．ThecriticswhorefertosocialdivisionthinktheShard________.A．isonlypreferredbytherichB．isintendedforwealthypeopleC．isfarawayfromthepoorareaD．ispopularonlywithLondoners4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheShard：CheersandClapsB．