2023年河南省开封市高考英语三模试卷

2023年河南省开封市高考英语三模试卷

一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)

A

ThePathwayandRiverCleanupisayearlyeventinvolvingthousandsofvolunteerswhogenerously

donatetheirtimetohelpcleanupCalgary.

The2022PathwayandRiverCleanupwilltakeplacefromSeptember9toSeptember11,2022.

VolunteerRegistration

TovolunteerforthePathwayandRiverCleanup,youmustbe：

*12yearsorolder.

*Accompaniedbyaparentorguardian(ifyou'rebetween12and17yearsold).

*Abletocommittothreehoursofcleanupononeofthethreeeventdays.

Youareencouragedtoregisterasagroup(minimum10people)withadesignatedleader.Ifyoudonot

haveagroup,youcanjoinateamledbyCalgaryParksstaff.

Volunteersmayrequestaspecificcleanuplocationatthetimeofregistration.Wewilldoourbesttosatisfy

specificlocationrequests.Ifyoudonothaveapreferredcleanuplocation,onewillbeassignedtoyou.

Remembertoregisteronline.Registrationinpersonisnotaccepted.

Groupleaders

Eachgroupmusthaveadesignatedleader.Newgroupleadersarerequiredtoattendaone-hour,online

orientationsession.Returninggroupleadersmustattendtheorientationsessioneverythreeyearsbutmust

completeyearlyonlinetraining.

Groupleaderswillberesponsiblefor：

*Conductingagroupmemberorientationsessionbeforeeventdaytoprovidesafetytraining.

.Ensuringthesafeandeffectivecleanupofthedesignatedcleanuparea.Riskswillbeminimizedasmuch

aspossible.However,volunteersmaycomeincontactwithrockyshorelines,shaipitemsandillegal

campsites.

IfyouhaveanyquestionsaboutvolunteeringforthePathwayandRiverCleanup,contact311.

1.Whatcanvolunteerschooseaccordingtotheirpreference?

A.Thewaytoregister.

B.Thecleanuplocations.

C.Therewardsfortheirefforts.

D.Thelengthoftheirvolunteeringtime.

2.Whatisrequiredofnewgroupleaders?

A.Organizingagroupofatmost10people.

B.JoiningateamledbyCalgaryParksstaff.

C.Takingpartinaone-houronlinetraining.

D.Workingwithreturninggroupleadersforayear.

3.Whichofthefollowingisadutyofgroupleaders?

A.Reportingillegalcampsitestostaff.

B.Givinggroupmemberssafetytraining.

C.Mappingrockyshorelinesaheadoftime.

D.CleaningupSharpenitemsatlocationsinadvance.

B

Throughoutmychildhood,Iconstantlydreamedofbeinganonlychild-havingnoonearoundtofightwith,

tosharewith,tograbtheremotecontrolawayfrommeinthemiddleofa"biggame."ButIhaveanelder

sister,whomIhavealwayscalled"Kicki,"insteadofherrealnameChristie,becauseIusedtohave

troublepronouncingthe"r"and"s”.

Istartedplayingbasketballinprimaryschool.Mydadwasthecoachofmyteam,andmymomkept

score.Somysister,notoldenoughtostayhomealone,wasforcedtocometoallmygames.Iremember

lookingtowardthestandsformymother'sapprovalandseeingmysister'sface,confused.ltwasobvious

thatshewasn'texcited,butshecheeredalongwiththecrowdanyway.

Onthecarridehome,myparentsandIwouldrelivethegame.Mysistersatinthebackseatwithmein

silence,notknowinghoworwhentoentertheconversation.Often,shewouldsay,"Goodgame,Brad.

“Iwouldsmileandthankherbutnevertookitseriously.Shecouldn*tpossiblyknowwhetherIhadplayed

wellornot.

Itwasn'tuntilIreachedhighschoolthatIrealizedhowpopularshewas,andIwasreferredtoas^Christie's

littlebrother.HIplayedbasketballinhighschool,andalthoughChristiewasn'tforcedtoattendmygames

anymore,shestillcametocheermeeveryweek.Inthelastgameofthelastseason,shecamewithalarge

groupoffriends.Printedonhershirt,inbigbrightredletters,werethewords"BRADSSISTER.M

SuddenlyIwasembarrassed,notforherpresence,butformypreviousattitudetoherpraise.

Kickileftforcollegeafterthatgame.Ifinallyhavetheremotecontrolalltomyself.However,watchingTV

alonehasturnedouttobeboring.Iwenttovisitheratcollegeduringaweekend,andasIstoodoutsideher

dorm,waitingforhertocomeout,afriendofherswhomIdidn*tknowwalkedpastmeandasked,"Hey,

aren'tyouChristie'sbrother?"Ismiledbroadlyandsaidproudly,"Yeah,Iam.I'mChristie'sbrother."

4.HowdidBradfeelaboutbeinganonlychildwhenhewasyoung?

A.Boring.B.Awesome.C.Tough.D.Awful.

5.WhydidChristiegotoBrad'sgameswhenhewasinprimaryschool?

A.ShehopedtoknowmoreaboutBrad.

B.Shewasinterestedinbasketballgames.

C.Shewastooyoungtobeleftaloneathome.

D.Shewantedtospendmoretimewithherfamily.

6.WhydidBradfeelembarrassedaccordingtothelastbutoneparagraph?

A.HetreatedChristie'spraiselightlybefore.

B.HeforgotChristie'spresenceathislastgame.

C.HesawthebigbrightredlettersonChristi'sshirt.

D.HereceivedunwantedattentionfromChristie'sfriends.

7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChristie?

A.ShewasproudofBrad.

B.Shedidn'tlikewatchingTV.

C.SheenjoyedBrad'scallingherKicki.

D.Sheseldomwenthomeduringcollege.

c

ResearchersfromTexasA&MUniversityhavedevelopedanewbioremediationtechnology（生物整治

技术）usingplant-basedmaterialandfungi（真菌）thatcouldcleanupper-andpolyfluoroalkylsubstances.

Per-andpolyfluoroalkylsubstance,alsocalleduforeverchemicals'1orPFAS,arefoundinsoil,water,

andevenhumanandanimalbloodandmaybeharmfultohumansandotherspecies.Theyarefoundjust

abouteverywhere,fromfoodwrapperstoclothing.Thesechemicalsmayaffecttheimmunesystemand

maycauseliverdamage.ExtremelyhighexposurestoPFASmayalsobelinkedtocancer.

"PFASdonotdegradeeasilyintheenvironmentandarepoisonouseveninaverylowconcentration,"said

SusieDai,associateprofessorfromTexasA&M,"Theymustberemovedanddestroyedtopreventhuman

exposureandnegativeimpactsontheecosystem.PFASaresostableandtheycanoccurinwaterinavery

lowconcentrationandyouhavetoconcentratethemandthendestroythem."

Theonlywaytoactuallygetridofthese"foreverchemicals'1isbyburningthem,whichisalongand

expensiveprocess.ButTexasA&Mresearchershavefoundanewwaytouseaplant-basedmaterialthat

adsorbsthepollutants.AsexplainedbyScienceDirect,adsorptionis"Theuseofsolidsforremoving

substancesfromeithergasorliquid."Theadsorbentmaterialisthenconsumedbymicrobialfungi.The

teamrecentlypublishedtheirfindingsfortheprocessframework,whichtheycallRAPIMER,inNature.

"Theplant'scellwallmaterialservesasaframeworktoadsorbthePFAS,"Daiexplained."Thenthis

materialandtheadsorbedchemicalserveasfoodforamicrobialfungus.Thenifsgone,andyoudon'thave

thedisposalproblem."

ThissustainablePFASciean-upsystemcouldbemass-producedforcommercialuse,leadingtoabetter

waytoremovethesechemicalpollutantsfromtheenvironment.ltcouldalsocomeinhandyasthe

U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyconsiderscreatingPFASthresholds（阈值）toitswaterquality

standards.

8.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?

A.PFAS'sexistingforms.B.PFAS'sdoubtfulorigins.

C.PFAS*spotentialdangers.D.PFAS'swideapplications.

9.WhatdidSusieDaisayaboutPFAS?

A.Theyareunstable.

B.Theydegradeeasilyintheenvironment.

C.Theysurvivelongerinwaterthanintheair.

D.Theyarepoisonouseveninalowconcentration.

10.Whathappensaftertheplant-basedmaterialadsorbsthepollutants?

A.Thematerialgetseaten.

B.Thematerialbecomessolid.

C.Thematerialfallsintosmallpieces.

D.Thematerialgoesontoadsorbfungi.

11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheplant-basedmaterial?

A.Indifferent.B.Worried.C.Positive.D.Reserved.

D

Recently,abigchangequietlytookplaceinagriculture.Yetneitherdroughtnorfrostiseveraconcernfor

growersofplantscurrentlygrowninsidelargegreenhouses.Vegetablesareincreasinglybeinggrown

indoors,usinganadvancedformofgrowingcalledcontrolledenvironmentagriculture,amethodthathas

thepotentialtohelpfeedtheplanet,evenwhileitthreatenstofurtherwarmit.

Controlledenvironmentagriculturehasmanyadvantages.Cropsarenotsubjecttounexpectedextreme

weather.Furthermore,thesegreenhousescanproducemorefoodwithfewerpesticidesandlesswater.With

computer-controlledtemperaturesandnutrients,theplantsgrowwithlesswaterandproducemuchhigher

yields.Aboveall,theproducecanbebredforflavor,insteadoffortolerancetoheat,rainandlong-distance

transportation.

Thecarbonfootprintofanygivengreenhousetomatocanvaryquiteabitdependingonenergysources,

surroundingtemperaturesandnaturallight.Butvariousstudieshaveestimatedthat,onaverage,the

productionofapoundoftomatoesinanAmericanornorthernEuropeangreenhousereleases3to3.5

poundsofcarbonintotheatmosphere.Thatisabout6timesthecarbonfootprintofafieldtomato,even

takingintoaccounttheemissionsfromrefrigeratedtrucksthatoftentransportfieldvegetableshundredsor

eventhousandsofmilestoreachconsumers.Greenhouses,bycontrast,canbebuiltnearmajorpopulation

centers.

Nevertheless,inarapidlywarmingworld,shouldwebeincreasingagriculture'scontributionbymoving

someofitindoors?"Wehavelittlechoice,nsayadvocates."Withtheglobalpopulationexpectedto

growby25percenttonearly10billionpeopleby2050,foodproductionwillneedtoincreaseby60

percentto100percent.Withfreshwatersuppliesandlandsuitableforfarmingdecreasing,anddroughts

gettingworseduetoclimatechange,wherewillthisadditionalfoodcomefrom?”

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"abigchange"inparagraph1referto?

A.Therapidincreaseofpopulation.

B.Thethreatensofwarmingtheplanet.

C.Thewaytodealwithnaturaldisasters.

D.Thetendencytogrowvegetablesindoors.

13.Whatdoescontrolledenvironmentagriculturemainlyfocuson?

A.Makingcropstastegood.

B.Plantingcropswithlesswater.

C.Growingcropsinextremeweather.

D.Transportingcropsfromalongdistance.

14.WhatdoweknowaboutAmericangreenhousetomatoes?

A.Theyarenothigh-yieldingcrops.

B.Theyarenotreallyenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.Theyaregrownfarfrompopulationcenters.

D.TheyaremainlyexportedtonorthernEurope.

15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheadvocatesagreewith?

A.Greenhouseplantingisanecessarytemporizingmeasure.

B.Greenhouseplantingistailoredforsmall-populationnations.

C.Greenhouseplantingcanhelpspreadtheideaofhealthyeating.

D.Greenhouseplantingshouldbestoppedfromwarmingtheworld.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10・0分)

Criticismhurtsevenwhenit'sconstructive.(1)Doyoupretendyoudidn'thearordoyouargue

backtodefendyourself?Infact,thereareactuallyotherwaysofhandlingcriticism!Thenexttime

someonegivesyoufeedback,trydoingthefollowingthingsinstead.

Don'treactimmediately.

Gettingangrycanhappenreallyfast.Sometimesallittakesisamisplacedwordorthewrongone.Whileit's

normaltofeelthisway,trytocooloffandstaycalm.(2)AfteralUyoudon'twanttosay

somethingyou'llendupregrettinglater!

Assessthecriticism.

Sometimesthebestthingtodoistotakeaquickstepbackandassessthecriticism：whosaiditandwhy?

(3)Oraretheyjusttryingtobemean?Takingastepbackallowsyoutodetermineifperhaps

thecriticismhassomerealvalue,youhadn'tseenbeforeorifit'sbettertojustbrushoffthecomment.

Don'ttakeitpersonally.

Rememberthatsometimespeopledothingsnottoattackyoupersonally,buttoventangeror

frustration.Socalmdownandbeasunderstandingasyoucan.(4)Meanwhile,lettheotherperson

knowthattheircriticismwasuncalledfor.

(5)______

Ifthecriticismdoesactuallyhavesometruthtoit,thenthebestthingtodoisfigureouthowyoucanuse

ittoimprove.Getstraighttothepointandaskthepersonwhichpartofyourworkthey'dimproveand

how.Thatwayyounotonlyshowyouareinterestedindoingthingsbetter,butyouarealsoinvolvingthe

personwhocriticizedyou.

A.Sohowdoyoureact?

B.Useittoyouradvantage.

C.Polishyourworkcarefully.

D.Howaboutnegativefeedbackcatchingusbysurprise?

E.Giveyourselfsometimetoprocesswhatyou'veheardbeforereacting.

F.Aretheytryingtohelpyou,butdidnotcommunicatetheirpointofviewnicely?

G.Choosingtotaketherightpathisdoingyourselfafavorandnotgettingangry.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

Manyofusareluckyenoughtohavesomedegreesofchoiceoverwhatweeat.Whenweopenthefridgeor

browsetheshelvesofthelocalsupermarket,thereareavarietyofoptions(1)tous.Butarethe

(2)wemakeaboutourdietasfreeasweliketothink?Whatiftherewassomething(3)

ourownhungerinfluencingwhatweeat?

Certainly,itappearswe*re(4)influencedbyotherpeople-especiallythose(5)tous

—whenitcomestowhatweeat.Researchhasfoundthatthecloserandstrongertwopeople's(6)

,themore(7)heyhaveovereachother'sfoodchoices."Alotofourcuesfrom

face-to-faceinteractionsarelinkedwithwhowe'rewith,"saysSolveigArgeseanu,associateprofessorof

globalhealthandepidemiologyatEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,US."It'smoreaboutthe

relationshipandhow(8)myselfwiththatpersonthanotherindividuals.IfIthinkthepersonFm

withismore(9)orpopular,I'lltendtowantto(10)themmore."

Oureatinghabitsarealsoinfluencedbywhatwesee.Scientistssaywe(11)oozing(渗出)

protein,adribblingeggyolk,orbubblingmozzarella(马苏里拉奶酪),forexample.nThereissome

evidencethat,ifyouseepicturesoffood,thatvisual(12)canpromptyoutofeeladesiretoeat,

“saysSuzanneHiggs,professorinthepsychobiologyofappetiteattheUniversityofBirmingham,

UK.Although,shesays,whetherpeople(13)throughonthatdesireisinfluencedbylotsof

other(14),suchaswhatfoodisavailableatthetime.

Socialmediaisoneplacewherevisualandsocialcues(15).Undoubtedlythereis(a/an)(16)

thatiffriendsinyoursocialnetworkpost(17)aboutparticulartypesoffood,itcould

leadyouto(18)them,forbetterorforworse.Andresearch(19)thatsocialmediamight

bechangingourrelationshipwithfood,(20)usthinkdifferentlyaboutwhatweeat.

21.A.virtualB.generousC.availableD.critical

22.A.mistakesB.decisionsC.effortsD.friends

23.A.otherthanB.morethanC.lessthanD.ratherthan

24.A.slightlyB.hugelyC.originallyD.freshly

25.A.farthestB.largestC.longestD.closest

26.A.comfortB.commitmentC.connectionD.comment

27.A.impactB.fightC.quarrelD.track

28.A.escapeB.forceC.compareD.detect

29.A.casualB.attractiveC.naturalD.special

30.A.monitorB.fixC.guideD.imitate

31.A.favorB.hateC.envyD.object

32.A.innovationB.stimulationC.accumulationD.generation

33.A.breakB.followC.lookD.drive

34.A.factorsB.changesC.chancesD.orders

35.A.realizeB.predictC.meetD.understand

36.A.tendencyB.factC.experienceD.evidence

37.A.randomlyB.exactlyC.virtuallyD.regularly

38.A.copyB.shareC.challengeD.describe

39.A.inspiresB.describesC.indicatesD.limits

40.A.forcingB.helpingC.believingD.making

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.It'seasytogetoverwhelmedwhenyouhavealotonyourplate.Betweenwork(1)

(responsibility)andpersonalobligations,lifecangetstressful.It*seven(2)(stress)

whenyouforgetsomethingimportant.Bycreatingorganizedto-dolists,youcanprioritizethethings

youneedtodo,keeptrackof(3)stillneedstobecompleted,andfeelproductiveand

preparedinallareasofyourlife.

Listallofthetasksthatyouneed(4)(accomplish).Thesecanrangefrom"finishthe

presentationforworknextweek"(5)MfindapresentforMom'sbirthdaynextmonth".Then

sortyourmasterlistintocategories.Bycreatingseparatelists,youcan(6)(complete)

focusyourattentionandenergyononesetoftasksat(7)time.Next,makeyourlist

aesthetically-pleasing(赏心悦目的).Thismaysoundsuperficialand(8)(necessary),

butitreallycanhelpchangethewayyoulookatyourto-olist.

Makeyourto-dolistsforthecurrentdayonly.Keepitsimple!Thiswillhelpyouorganizeyourtasks

inorderofpriority,andyouwon'tfeeloverwhelmedwhile(9)(look)aheadattasksfor

tomorrow,nextweek,ornextmonth.Berealisticaboutwhatcan(10)(finish)in24

hours.Yourdailyto-dolistsshouldhavelessthantenthings,andmaybeevenlessthanfive.

(I)

⑵

⑶

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共

有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

(2)只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I'mmorethanwillingtotellyouanythingaboutmyhometown.IliveinPingyao,acountyinShanxi

Province,whatattractsalargenumberoftouristsfromallovertheworldineveryyear.Theancient

cityofPingyaohasdescribedasanexceptionalwell-preservedexampleofatraditionalChinese

historicalandculturalcity.Itswell-preservedcitywallsareoneofthecity'smostimpressivestructure.

Ihopeyoucancomehereoneday.Thenyoucanwalkaroundacity,tastethelocalfood,orlearn

aboutitshistoryandculture.I'msureyouwillbeimpressingbyitandenjoymyself.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.4月3号至7号，你校举办了一场书籍义卖活动。假设你是校英文报的一名记者，请你

以"ACharityBookFair"为题，写一篇新闻报道。内容包括：

(1)活动的目的；

(2)活动的时间、地点和内容；

(3)活动的反响。

注意：

(1)词数100左右；

(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

(3)题目已为你拟好。

ACharityBookFair

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据VolunteerRegistration中的倒数第二段Volunteersmayrequesta

specificcleanuplocationatthetimeofregistration.Wewilldoourbesttosatisfyspecificlocationrequests.

（志愿者可以在注册时要求一个特定的清理地点，我们将尽力满足特定地点的要求。）可知，志

愿者可以根据自己的喜好来选择清理地点.故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Groupleaders中的第一段Newgroupleadersarerequiredtoattendaone-hour,

onlineorientationsession.（新的小组领导需要参加一个小时的在线培训。）可知，新的小组领导

被要求参加一小时的线上培训。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据Groupleaders中的Groupleaderswillberesponsiblefor：（小组领导将负

责：）的第一条

Conductingagroupmemberorientationsessionbeforeeventdaytoprovidesafetytraining.（在活动开

始前，为小组成员提供安全培训。）可知，给小组成员进行安全培训是小组领导的一个职责。

A.Reportingillegalcampsitestostaff.向员工举报非法露营地；

B.Givinggroupmemberssafetytraining.对小组成员进行安全培训I；

C.Mappingrockyshorelinesaheadoftime.提前绘制岩石海岸线；

D.CleaningupSharpenitemsatlocationsinadvance.提前清理现场的锋利物品。故选B。

本文是篇应用文。“道路和河流清理”是一项一年一度的活动，成千上万的志愿者慷慨地贡献自己

的时间来帮助清理卡尔加里，文章介绍了注册成为2022年清理活动志愿者和小组领导的条件和要

求。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在

十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺

序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对

文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息

进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，

研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖

掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，

掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因

果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、A

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第——段中Throughoutmychildhood,Iconstantlydreamedofbeing

anonlychild-havingnoonearoundtofightwith,tosharewith,tograbtheremotecontrolawayfromme

inthemiddleofa”biggame."（在我的童年时代，我一直梦想着成为独生子，身边没有人与我打架，

没有人分享我的东西，也没有人在“大型游戏"中抢走我遥控器）可知，作者小时候觉得做一个独

生子好极了。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中Istartedplayingbasketballinprimaryschool.Mydadwasthecoachof

myteam,andmymomkeptscore.Somysister,notoldenoughtostayhomealone,wasforcedtocome

toallmygames.（我在小学的时候开始打篮球。我爸爸是我球队的教练，我妈妈负责计分。所以

我的姐姐被迫来参加我所有的比赛，因为她还不够大，不能独自呆在家里）可知，姐姐来看我的

比赛是因为太小还不能自己留在家里。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中Often,shewouldsay,"Goodgame,Brad."Iwouldsmileand

thankherbutnevertookitseriously.Shecouldn'tpossiblyknowwhetherIhadplayedwellornot.（她经

常会说：”打得好，Brad。"我会微笑着感谢她，但从来没有认真对待它。她不可能知道我打得好

不好。）以及倒数第二段中SuddenlyIwasembarrassed,notforherpresence,bulformyprevious

attitudetoherpraise.（突然,我非常尴尬，不是因为她的出现，而是因为我之前对她的表扬的态度。）

可知，作者感到尴尬是因为之前对于姐姐的赞扬没有认真对待。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Printedonhershirt,inbigbrightredletters,werethewords

"BRAD'SSISTER.（她的衬衫上印着亮红色的大字，上面写着"BRAD的姐姐”）可知，Christie为

BRAD感到骄傲。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对于有个姐姐，从小到大态度的转变。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~1L【答案】C、D、A、C

【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第二段Per-andpolyfluoroalkylsubstance,

alsocalled"foreverchemicals"orPFAS,arefoundinsoil,water,

andevenhumanandanimalbloodandmaybeharmfultohumansandotherspecies.Theyarefoundjust

abouteverywhere,

fromfoodwrapperstoclothing.Thesechemicalsmayaffecttheimmunesystemandmaycauseliverdam

age.ExtremelyhighexposurestoPFASmayalsobelinkedtocancer.（全氟和多氟烷基物质，也被称

为“永久化学品”或PFAS,存在于土壤、水，甚至人类和动物的血液中，可能对人类和其他物种有

害。它们几乎无处不在，从食品包装到衣服。这些化学物质可能会影响免疫系统，并可能导致肝

脏损伤。过高的PFAS暴露也可能与癌症有关。）可知，第二段主要讲述的是PEAS潜在的危险。

A.PFAS'sexistingforms.PFAS的现有形式：B.PFAS'sdoubtfulorigins.PFAS的可疑来源；

C.PFAS'spotentialdangers.PFAS的潜在危险；D.PFAS'swideapplications.PFAS的广泛应用。故

选Co

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段

"PFASdonotdegradeeasilyintheenvironmentandarepoisonouseveninaverylowconcentration,

"saidSusieDai,associateprofessorfromTexasA&M.（德州农工大学副教授苏西•戴说："PFAS在

环境中不易降解，即使浓度很低也有毒。”）可知，根据苏西认为，PEAS即便浓度很低也会有毒。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段

"Theplant'scellwallmaterialservesasaframeworktoadsorbthePFAS,

"Daiexplained."Thenthismaterialandtheadsorbedchemicalserveasfoodforamicrobialfungus.The

nit'sgone,andyoudon'thavethedisposalproblem."（戴解释说："植物的细胞壁材料可以作为吸附

PFAS的框架。然后这种材料和吸附的化学物质就成了微生物真菌的食物。然后它就消失了，你就

没有处理问题了。"）可知，这种植物性物质在吸附了PFAS后，这种材料和所吸附的化学物质就

沦落为微生物真菌的食物，也就是被吃掉了。故选A。

（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段

ThissustainablePFASclean-upsystemcouldbemass-producedforcommercialuse,

leadingtoabetterwaytoremovethesechemicalpollutantsfromtheenvironment.ltcouldalsocomeinh

andyastheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyconsiderscreatingPFASthresholds（|阈

值）toitswaterqualitystandards.（这种可持续的PFAS清理系统可以大规模生产用于商业用途，

从而为从环境中去除这些化学污染物提供更好的方法。当美国环境保护署考虑为其水质标准设定

PFAS阈值时，它也会派上用场。）可知，作者对于这种植物性材料的前景抱有积极的态度。

A.Indifferent.不在乎的；B.Worried.担心的;C.Positive.积极的;D.Reserved.保留的。故选C。

本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现,科研人员开发了一种新的生物整治技术，

该技术使用植物性材料和真菌，可以清理全氟烷或多氟烷基物质。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在

十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺

序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对

文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息

进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，

研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖

掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，

掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因

果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12〜15.【答案】D、A、B、A

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词组下文

Yetneitherdroughtnorfrostiseveraconcernforgrowersofplantscurrentlygrowninsidelargegreenh

ouses.Vegetablesareincreasinglybeinggrownindoors,

usinganadvancedformofgrowingcalledcontrolledenvironmentagriculture,

amethodthathasthepotentialtohelpfeedtheplanet,evenwhileitthreatenstofurtherwarmit.（然而，

对于目前在大型温室里种植的植物的种植者来说，干旱和霜冻从来都不是问题。越来越多的人在

室内种植蔬菜，使用一种被称为控制环境农业的先进种植方式，这种方法有可能帮助养活地球，

尽管它可能会进一步使地球变暖。）可知，作者所谓的农业发生了重大变化，指的是越来越多的

人在室内种植蔬菜。A.Therapidincreaseofpopulation.人口的迅速增长；

B.Thethreatensofwarmingtheplanet.全球变暖的威胁；C.Thewaytodealwithnaturaldisasters.

应对自然灾害的方法；D.Thetendencytogrowvegetablesindoors.在室内种植蔬菜的趋势。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Aboveall,theproducecanbebredforflavor,

insteadoffortolerancetoheat,rainandlong-distancetransportation.（最重要