新概念英语学习笔记lesson12全套

新概念英语学习笔记lesson12【课文】Firstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Whyistherenorisktothecustomerwhenabankprintsthecustomer'snameonhischeques?Whenanyoneopensacurrentaccountatabank,heislendingthebankmoney,repaymentofwhichhemaydemandatanytime,eitherincashorbydrawingachequeinfavourofanotherperson.Primarily,thebanker-customerrelationshipisthatofdebtorandcreditor--whoiswhichdependingonwhetherthecustomer'saccountisincreditorisoverdrawn.But,inadditiontothatbasicallysimpleconcept,thebankanditscustomerowealargenumberofobligationstooneanother.Manyoftheseobligationscangiverisetoproblemsandcomplicationsbutabankcustomer,unlike,say,abuyerofgoods,cannotcomplainthatthelawisloadedagainsthim.Thebankmustobeyitscustomer'sinstructions,andnotthoseofanyoneelse.When,forexample,acustomerfirstopensanaccount,heinstructsthebanktodebithisaccountonlyinrespectofchequesdrawnbyhimself.Hegivesthebankspecimensofhissignature,andthereisaveryfirmrulethatthebankhasnorightorauthoritytopayoutacustomer'smoneyonachequeonwhichitscustomer'ssignaturehasbeenforged.Itmakesnodifferencethattheforgerymayhavebeenaveryskilfulone:thebankmustrecognizeitscustomer'ssignature.Forthisreasonthereisnorisktothecustomerinthepractice,adoptedbybanks,ofprintingthecustomer'snameonhischeques.Ifthisfacilitatesforgery,itisthebankwhichwilllose,notthecustomer.GORDONBARRIEandAUBREYL.DLAMONDTheConsumerSocietyandtheLaw【Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语】currentadj.通用的，流行的accountn.账户cashn.现金chequen.支票debtorn.借方creditorn.贷方obligationn.义务complicationn.纠纷debitv.把...记入借方specimenn.样本forgev.伪造forgeryn.伪造(文件，签名等)adoptv.采用facilitatev.使便利【课文注释】1.openacurrentaccount，开一个活期账号。①current作名词，(水、气)流;电流例句：Theswimmerwassweptawaybythecurrent.那个游泳的人被激流卷走了。例句：Thisbuttonswitchesthecurrenton.这个电钮接通电流。②current作形容词，当下的，现在的例句：Thiswordisnolongerincurrentuse.这个词现在已经不再使用。currentaccount=checkingaccount，活期账户③currency作名词，货币例句：Thepresidentproclaimedthatanewcurrencywouldbeissued.总统宣布将发行新货币。2.drawachequeinfavorof...，开一张以……为收款人的支票。infavorof表示赞成，支持，有利于：Ifyouareinfavorofsomething,yousupportitandthinkthatitisagoodthing.例句：Publicopinionwasmovingstronglyinfavorofdisarmament.公众舆论正在强烈支持裁军。3.whoiswhichdependingon...isoverdrawn，这是现在分词短语dependingon...isoverdrawn的独立主格结构。whoiswhich是分词短语意思上的主语，which代表debtororcreditor。4.oweto欠人钱;归功于……。①Ifyouowemoneytosomeone,theyhavelentittoyouandyouhavenotyetpaiditback.欠某人钱(或货物)。例句：Thecompanyowesmoneytomorethan60banks.这家公司欠了60几家银行的钱。②owesthto...将某事物归因﹑归源或归功于……。例句：Heoweshissuccessmoretoluckthantoability.他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。5.giveriseto，引起，导致。和cause/resultin意思相近，但giveriseto后面加名词。例句:Theman'sfurtivemannergaverisetothesuspicionofthetheftamongthepolicemen.那个男人鬼鬼祟祟的样子，引起警察怀疑盗窃案是他作的案。6.beloadedagainst...，于……不利。loadthediceagainstsb(通常用于被动语态)：使某人处不利地位。例句：Havinglostbothhisparentswhenhewasachild,healwaysfeltthatthedicewereloadedagainsthim.他因自小失去双亲，总觉得处处受人欺负。7.inrespectof关于，就……而言。例句：Thebookisadmirableinrespectofstyle.这本书风格极佳。respected被人尊敬的respectable值得尊敬的respectful尊敬他人的respective分别的，各自的8.facilitate使更容易发生。Tofacilitateanactionorprocess,especiallyonethatyouwouldliketohappen,meanstomakeiteasierormorelikelytohappen.例句：Itwouldfacilitatemattersifyouweremoreco-operative.要是你再合作些就省事了。【参考译文】任何人在银行开一个活期账户，就等于把钱借给了银行。这笔钱他可以随时提取，提取的方式可以是取现金，也可以是开一张以他人为收款人的支票。银行与储户的关系主要是债务人和债权人的关系。究竟谁是债务人谁是债权人，要看储户是有结余还是透支。除了这一基本的简单的概念外，银行和储户彼此还需承担大量义务。其中许多义务往往引起问题和纠纷。但是储户不能像货物的买主那样来抱怨法律对自己不利。银行