职称英语卫生类a级模拟14

职称英语卫生类A级模拟14

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接

近的选项。

1>Wehadaveryawfulearthquakeherelastyear.

A.lightB.terrible

C.slightD.obvious

2、Heaccidentallyfoundastockofjewelrystampswhenhewaspackinguphis

books.

A.bythewayB.bychance

C・byhandD.bynature

3、IamfeelingalotmorehealthythanIwas.

A,manyB.no

C,someD.much

4、Itisadvisabletoseeadentistregularly.

A.frighteningB.terrible

C.wiseD.beneficial

5、Youcanturntodifferentkindsofpeople,dictionariesormaps,tofind

outwhatyouwishtoknow.

A.contactB.consult

C.referD.request

6、Louiswasaskedtonamethemanwhostoleherpurse.

A.confirmB.recognize

C.claimD.identify

7、Afterthecollision,heexaminedtheconsiderablewrecktohiscar.

A.ruinB.destruction

C.damageD.injury

8、Whilesomeofficejobswouldseemboringtomanypeople,therearequite

afewjobsthatarestimulating,excitingandsatisfying.

A.hostileB.tedious

C.fantasticD.courageous

9、Inpreparingscientificreportsoflaboratoryexperiments,astudentshould

exhibithisfindingsinlogicalorderandclearlanguage.

A.furnishB.propose

C.raiseD.present

10>Writingisaslowprocesszrequiringplentyofthought,timeandeffort。

A.significantB.considerable

C.enormousD.numerous

11>HehopedthefirmwouldreassignhimtotheParisbranch.

A.exchangeB.transmit

C.transferD.remove

12>SincetheGreatDepression,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotected

farmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.

A.slightB.surprising

C.suddenD.harmful

13、Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplaborinthiscountry.

A.asteadyB.aplentiful

C.anextraD.ameager

14>Wealsowanttousethewatertoirrigatebarrendesertland.

A.hairlessB.bare

C.emptyD.smooth

15、Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

A.hitB.passed

C.reachedD.led

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提的

正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有

提及，请选择C。

Children*sNumericalSkills

Peopleappeartobeborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsofchildrendevelop

soearlyandsoinexorablythatitiseasytoimagineaninternalclockof

mathematicalmaturityguidingtheirgrowth.Notlongafterlearningtowalk

andtalk,theycansetthetablewithimpressiveaccuracy—oneknife,onespoon,

onefork,foreachofthefivechairs.Soontheyarecapableofnotingthat

theyhaveplacedfiveknives,spoonsandforksonthetableand,abitlater,

thatthisamountstofifteenpiecesofsilverware.Havingthusmasteredaddition,

theymoveontosubtraction.Itseemsalmostreasonabletoexpectthatif

achildweresecludedonadesertislandatbirthandretrievedsevenyears

later,heorshecouldenterasecond-grademathematicsclasswithoutany

seriousproblemsofintellectualadjustment.

Ofcourse,thetruthisnotsosimple.Thiscentury,theworkofcognitive

psychologistshasilluminatedthesubtleformsofdailylearningonwhich

intellectualprogressdepends.Childrenwereobservedastheyslowlygrasped-or,

asthecasemightbezbumpedinto—conceptsthatadultstakeforgranted,as

theyrefused,forinstance,toconcedethatquantityisunchangedaswater

poursfromashortstoutglassintoatallthinone.Psychologistshavesince

demonstratedthatyoungchildren,askedtocountthepencilsinapile,readily

reportthenumberofblueorredpencils,butmustbecoaxedintofinding

thetotal.Suchstudieshavesuggestedthattherudimentsofmathematicsare

masteredgradually,andwitheffort.Theyhavealsosuggestedthatthevery

conceptofabstractnumbers-theideaofaoneness,atwoness,athreeness

thatappliestoanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisitefordoinganything

moremathematicallydemandingthansettingatable—isitselffarfrominnate.

16、Childrencansettableevenbeforetheycanwalkandtalk.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Childrenalmostmasteradditionandsubtractionatthesametime.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Itisnottruethatachildexiledonadesertatzbirthcouldentera

second-grademathematicsclasswithoutseriousproblem.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Childrendon11believethatquantityisunchangedaswaterpoursfrom

ashortstoutglassintoatallthinone.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Childrenaremoreawareofcolorthannumber.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Accordingtothepassage,people1sconceptofnumberisnotinnate.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Thereisaninternalclockofmathematicalmaturityguidingchildren1s

growth.

A.RightB,WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段

选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个紧佳选项。

Icebergs

1Icebergsareamongnature'smostspectacular（壮观的）creations,andyetmost

peoplehaveneverseenone.Avagueairofmysteryenvelopsthem.Theycomeinto

being-somewhere-infaraway,frigidwaters,amidthunderousnoiseandsplashing

turbulence,whichinmostcasenoonehearsorsees.Theyexistonlyashorttimeand

thenslowlywasteaway（消融）justasunnoticed.

2Objectsofsheerest（最纯粹的）beautytheyhavebeencalled.Appearinginan

endlessvarietyofshapes,theymaybedazzlinglywhite,ortheymaybeglassyblue,

greenorpurple,tintedfaintlyorindarkerhues.Theyaregraceful,stately,inspiring-in

calm,sunlightseas.

3Buttheyarealsocalledfrighteninganddangerous,andthattheyare—inthe

night,inthefog,andinstorms.Eveninclearweatheroneiswisetostayasafedistance

awayfromthem.Mostoftheirbulkishiddenbelowthewater,sotheirunderwater

partsmayextendoutfarbeyondthevisibletop.Also,theymayrolloverunexpectedly,

churningthewatersaroundthem.

4Icebergsarepartsofglaciersthatbreakoff,driftintothewater,floatabout

awhile,andfinallymelt.Icebergsafloattodayaremadeofsnowflakesthathavefallen

overlongagesoftime.Theyembodysnowsthatdrifteddownhundreds,ormany

thousands,orinsomecasesmaybeamillionyearsago.Thesnowsfellinpolarregions

andoncoldmountains,wheretheymeltedonlyalittleornotataft,andsocollectedto

greatdepthsovertheyearsandcenturies.Aseachyear'ssnowaccumulationlayonthe

surface,evaporationandmeltingcausedthesnowflakesslowlytolosetheirfeathery

pointsandbecometinygrainsofice.Whennewsnowfellontopoftheold,ittooturned

toicygrains.Soblanketsofsnowandicegrainsmountedlayeruponlayerandwereof

suchgreatthicknessthattheweightoftheupperlayerscompressedthelowerones.

Withtimeandpressurefromabove,themanysmallicegrainsjoinedandchangedto

largercrystals,andeventuallythedeepercrystalsmergedintoasolidmassofice.

A.Formationoficeberg

B.Icebergisbeautiful

C.Color1oficeberg

D.Icebergisdangerous

E.Icebergismysterious

F.Classificationoficeberg

23>Paragraph1.

24、Paragraph2.

25>Paragraph3.

26、Paragraph4.

A.largerthanthepartyabovethewater

B.stayneartheiceberg

C.meltawayjustasunnoticed

D.largercrystals

E.stayawayfromiceberg

F.abovethewater

27>Icebergsexistonlyashorttimeandthenslowly.

28、Eveninclearweatheroneiswiseto.

29、Theunderwaterpartofanicebergis.

30>Withtimeandpressurefromabove,themanysmallicegrainsjoinedand

changedto.andeventuallythedeepercrystalsmergedintoasolidmass

ofice.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定1个最佳选项。

弟扁

HeatandHealth

Extremelyhotweatheriscommoninmanypartsoftheworld.Althoughhot

weatherjustmakesmostpeoplehot,itcancausemedicalproblemsanddeath.

Healthexpertssaythatsincetheyear1900zextremelyhotweatherhas

killedmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyothernaturalevent.One

year—theunusuallyhotsummerof1980—heatcausedabout1,700deathsinthe

UnitedStates.In1995zmorethan600peoplediedinasimilarheatwavein

onecity—Chicago.

Tomeasureextremeheatzgovernmentweatherexpertshavedevelopedthe

MeanHeatIndex.Itmeasurestheaverageofhowhotitisfeltalldayon

anextremelyhotday.Expertssayitisthetotalheatofahotdayorseveral

hotdaysthatcanaffecthealth.Severalhotdaysareconsideredaheatwave.

Expertssayheatwavesoftenbecomedeadlywhenthenighttimetemperature

doesnotdropmuchfromthehighestdaytimetemperature.

Themostcommonmedicalproblemcausedbyhotweatherisheatstress.Usually,

italsoistheleastsevere.Formostpeople,theonlyresultofheatstress

ismusclepain.Thepainisawarningthatthebodyisbecomingtoohot.Doctors

saydrinkingwaterwillhelpthepaindisappearafterthebodyagainhasthe

rightamountsofwaterandsalt.Forsomepeoplezhowever,theresultismuch

moreserious.

Forexample,doctorssaysomepeoplefaceagreatlyincreaseddangerfrom

heatstress.Thesepeoplehaveaweakordamagedheartzhighbloodpressure,

orotherproblemsofthebloodsystem.Severeheatcanhelpcauseaheart

attackorstroke.Healthexpertssaythisisthemostcommoncauseofdeath

linkedtohotweather.

31>HowmanypeoplediedfromheatinChicagoin19957

A.About1700.B.Nearly1900.

C.Around1100.D.Over600.

32、WhatcanpeoplelearnfromtheMeanHeatIndex?

A.Theaveragetemperatureofanextremelyhotday.

B.Thehighesttemperatureofanextremelyhotday.

C.Thelowesttemperatureofanextremelyhotday.

D.Thenighttimetemperatureofanextremelyhotday.

33、Aheatwaveisaperiodoftimeduringwhich.

A.theweatherismuchbetterthanusual

B.thenightsaremuchlongerthanusual

C.theweatherismuchhotterthanusual

D.thedaysaremuchlongerthanusual

34、Musclepaininhotweathermeansthatyourbodyneeds.

A.moreexerciseB.morewater

C.lessoxygenD.lesssugar

35、Forpeoplewhoareinextremelypoorhealth,heatcanbe.

A.deadlyB.painful

C.helpfulD.stressful

CigarsInstead

Smokingoneortwocigarsadaydoublestheriskofcancersofthelip,

tongue,mouth,andthroat,accordingtoagovernmentstudy.

Dailycigarsalsoincreasetheriskoflungcancerandcanceroftheesophagus,

andincreasetheriskofcancerofthelarynx(voicebox)sixfold,say

researchersattheNationalCancerInstituteinBethesda,Maryland.

Inaddition,thereportrevealedthatsmokingthreeorfourcigarsaday

increasedtheriskoforalcancerto8timestheriskfornonsmokersandthe

riskofesophagealcancerbyfourtimestheriskofnonsmokers.

Thehealtheffectsofsmokingcigarsisoneofeightsectionsofthearticle

"Cigars：HealthEffectsandTrends'*.Theresearchersreportthatzcompared

withacigarette,alargecigaremitsupto90timesasmuchcarcinogenic

tobacco-specificnitrosamines.

"Thisarticleprovidesclearandinvalidatinginformationaboutthe

disturbingincreasesincigaruseandthesignificantpublichealthconsequences

forthecountry.11saidDr.RichardRiausner,directoroftheNationalCancer

Institute,inastatement.

"Thedataareclear—theharmfulsubstancesandcarcinogensincigarsmoke,

likecigarettes,areassociatedwiththeincreasedrisksofseveralkinds

ofcancersaswellasheartandlungdiseases.'*headded."Inotherwords,

cigarsarenotsafealternativestocigarettesandmaybeaddictive.n

"Tothoseindividualswhomaybethinkingaboutsmokingcigars,ouradvice

is—don*t.Tothosecurrentlysmokingcigarszquittingistheonlywayto

eliminatecompletelythecancer,heartandlungdiseaserisks."warned

Klausner.

AccordingtoaNationalCancerInstitutepressreleases,therehaven*t

beenanystudiesonthehealtheffectsonnonsmokersatcigarsocialevents,

but","asignificantbodyofevidenceclearlydemonstratesanincreasedlung

cancerriskfromsecondhandsmoke.n

36、Accordingtothereportzsmokingthreeorfourcigarsaday

A.increasestheriskoforalcancerfornon-smokers.

B.greatlyincreasestheriskoforalcancerforsmokers.

C.increasestheriskofmorethanonecancerfornon-smokers.

D.greatlyincreasestheriskofmorethanonecancerforsmokers.

37、Inthepassagehowmanycancersarementionedinrelationtosmokingcigars

daily?

A.Six.B.Seven.

C.Eight.D.Nine.

38、WhatisthemainideaofthearticleCigars：HealthEffectsandTrendsn?

A.Whenitcomestocancer,cigarsarenotanysaferthancigarettes.

B.Cigarsmaybeaddictivewhilecigarettesarenoteasilyso.

C.Cigarscontainlessharmfulsubstancesthancigarettes.

D.Increaseincigar-smokingdoesnotaffectpublichealthmuch.

39、Whatisthedoctors1advicetothosecigar-smokers?

A.Togiveitupcompletely.

B.Togiveuppartofit.

C.Nottothinkaboutitanymore.

D.Tocurethediseasesfirst.

40、Inthecontextofthispassage,secondhandsmoke'*means

A.smokingbad-qualitycigars

B.smokingverycheapcigars

C.beingnearcigarsmokerswhentheyarenotsmoking

D.beingnearcigarsmokerswhentheyaresmoking

第二篇

OilandEconomy

Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPEC

agreedtosupplycutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost

$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear,triplingof

oilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,

and1979-1980,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresulted

indouble-digitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearethe

headlineswarningofgloomanddoomthistime?

TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoil

exports.Strengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthe

northernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.

Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobe

lessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnow

accountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.

InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,soeven

quitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumpprices

thaninthepast.

Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsoless

sensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttoother

fuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustries

havereducedoilconsumption.Software,consuhancyandmobiletelephonesuse

farlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstant

prices)richeconomiesnowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECD

estimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthatzifoilpricesaveraged$22

abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998zthiswouldincreasethe

oilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.Thatislessthan

one-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,oil-importing

emergingeconomies-towhichheavyindustryhasshifted—havebecomemore

energy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.

Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthatz

unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackground

ofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.Asizableportion

oftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.TheEconomist1s

commoditypriceindexisbroadlyunchangingfromayearago.In1973commodity

pricesjumpedby70%,andin1979byalmost30%.

41>Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis.

A.globalinflation

B.reductioninsupply

C.fastgrowthineconomy

D.Iraq*ssuspensionofexports

42、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrolwill

goupdramaticallyif_______.

A.priceofcruderises

B.commoditypricesrise

C.consumptionrises

D.oiltaxesrise

43、TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries

A.heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive

B.incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices

C.manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed

D.oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP

44、Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.

A.oil-priceshocksarelessshockingnow

B.inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks

C.energyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices

D.thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry

45、Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems.

A.optimisticB.sensitive

C.gloomyD.scared

第5部分：补全对话

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分

别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

TheFirstFourMinutes

Whendopeopledecidewhetherornottheywanttobecomefriends?During

theirfirstfourminutestogether,accordingtoabookbyDr.LeonardZunin.

Inhisbook,Contact：Thefirstfourminuteszheoffersthisadvicetoanyone

interestedinstartingnewfriendships：1146"Alotofpeople1swholelives

wouldchangeiftheydidjustthat.

Youmayhavenoticedthattheaveragepersondoesnotgivehisundivided

attentiontosomeonehehasjustmet47Ifanyonehaseverdonethisto

you,youprobablydidnotlikehimverymuch.

Whenweareintroducedtonewpeople,theauthorsuggests,weshouldtry

toappearfriendlyandself-confident.Ingeneralzhesaysz"Peoplelikepeople

wholikethemselves.n

Ontheotherhand,weshouldnotmaketheotherpersonthinkwearetoo

sureofourselves.Itisimportanttoappearinterestedandsympathetic,

realizingthattheotherpersonhashisownneeds,fears,andhopes.

Hearingsuchadvice,onemightsay,"ButI'mnotafriendly,self-confident

person.That1snotmynature.Itwouldbedishonestformetoactthatway.

ii

48Wecanbecomeaccustomedtoanychangeswechoosetomakeinour

personality.11Itislikegettingusedtoanewcar.Itmaybeunfamiliarat

H

firstzbutitgoesmuchbetterthantheoldone.

Butisn*titdishonesttogivetheappearanceoffriendlyself-confidence

whenwedon11actuallyfeelthatway?Perhaps,butaccordingtoDr.Zunin,

Htotalhonesty"isnotalwaysgoodforsocialrelationships,especiall