SIS应用及相关标准课件

SISApplication&Standard

SIS应用及相关标准SIS应用及相关标准AvoidRisksAndDangersInYourPlantByApplyingSafetySystem运用安全系统以规避风险和危险高风险低安全Risk风险高安全低风险SIS安全仪表系统SIS应用及相关标准DefinitionofaSafetySystem

安全系统的定义Safetysystemsaredesignedto

respondtoconditionsoftheplant,whichmaybehazardousinthemselves,orifnoactionweretakencouldeventuallygiverisetoahazard.Theymustgeneratethecorrectoutputstopreventthehazardormitigatetheconsequences.安全系统是设计为当工厂本身发生危险情况，或，如果不采取行动就会最终导致风险增加，在这些情况下，安全系统必须产生及时、正确的输出，来防止任何危险发生或减轻后果。SIS应用及相关标准SomecommonnamesusedforSafetySystem:安全系统的常用名称:ESDEmergencyShutdownSystem 紧急停车系统

SISShutdownInterlock/InstrumentSystem停车连锁/仪表系统IPS InstrumentProtectiveSystem 仪表保护系统FSSS FlueSafetySingSystem 锅炉安全监视系统FGS Fire&GasProtectiveSystem 火和气保护系统ITCC

IntegratedTurbine&CompressorControl综合透平压缩机控制SafetySystem

安全系统SIS应用及相关标准SafetySystemApplications

安全系统应用范围Boiler/BurnerManagementSystems锅炉/燃烧管理系统ContinuousProductionUnits-RefiningandPetrochemicalProcess

连续性生产过程-炼油厂和石油化工厂BatchProcesses

批量生产过程On-andOffshoreOil&GasExplorationandProductionFacilities岸上/海上油/气体勘探和生产Compressor&turbineMonitoring/Safeguard

压缩机和透平机监视/防护Fire&GasDetection火和气体监测LoadingandStorageFacilities装载/储存设备PipelineSafetyManagementSystems

管道安全管理系统SIS应用及相关标准TwoAppraisement

IndexforSafetySystem

安全系统的两大评价指标Dependability—Can’trefuseaction可靠性－不能拒动Usability—Can’tfalseaction可用性－不能误动SIS应用及相关标准SafetyControlSystemTheory,StandardsandAttestation安全控制系统的理论、标准和认证Theory:理论MarkovModelingMethodologyMTTF,MTTR,MTBF,λStandards:标准IEC61508,IEC61511,ANSI/ISAS84,NFPA/UL98,DIN19250SILAttestation:认证机构TUVSIS应用及相关标准ESDSYSTEMTÜVRheinland--TÜVcertificationensures,perDINandIECstandards,thefunctionalityofSISsystemsforcriticalprocessapplicationsrequiringmaximumsafetyanduninterruptedoperation.TheTRICONiscertifiedforsafetyrelatedapplicationsaccordingto:SIL1-3 IEC61508

Parts1-7,"FunctionalSafety:SafetyRelatedSystems"

IEC61131,Part2,"ProgrammableControllers-Part2:Equipment RequirementsandTests“AK1-8 DIN19250"ControlTechnology;FundamentalSafetyAspectsTo BeConsideredforMeasurementandControlEquipment"

DINVVDE0801,"PrinciplesforComputersinSafetyRelatedSystems"TheInternationalSafetyStandards

国际安全标准SIS应用及相关标准FireandGasSystems

NFPA72"NationalFireAlarmCode"

EN54-2

"FireDetectionandFireAlarmSystems-Part2:ControlandIndicatingEquipment“BurnerManagementSystems

NFPA8501/97

"StandardforSingleBurnerBoilerOperation"

NFPA8502/99

"StandardforthePreventionofFurnaceExplosions/ImplosionsinMultipleBurnerBoilers"

DINVDE0116

"ElectricEquipmentofFurnaces

TheInternationalSafetyStandards

国际安全标准SIS应用及相关标准TheInternationalSafetyStandards

国际安全标准TÜV(1984)DINV19250/VDEV0801

(Germany)

–Riskclassification1989

风险等级1989

–Safetysystemrequirements安全系统要求Variousnationalstandards 各种国家标准ANSI/ISAS84.01(USA)1996 –Safetyprocedures安全步骤 –SafetyLifeCycle安全生命周期 –SafetyIntegrityLevels

安全整体要求等级NFPA/UL1998IEC61508IEC61511

–OverallSafetyLifeCycle安全生命–Safetyplan/安全计划/管理

management–SafetyIntegrityLevels

安全整体要求等级–Safetysystemdiagnostic

requirements

安全系统诊断要求–Safetysystem architecturesand

reliabilityfigures安全系统和可靠性数据SIS应用及相关标准TheInternationalSafetyStandards

国际安全标准IEC61508SafetyUmbrellafortheworld?Specificationfailures设计技术规范不足Design&ImplementationFailures设计和执行出错Installation&CommissioningFailures安装调试出错Operation&Maintenancefailures操作维护出错RandomHardwarefailures硬/软件故障Modificationfailures开车之后,在线修改出错SIS应用及相关标准IEC61508FunctionalSafety:Safety-RelatedSystems

IEC61508功能性安全:安全有关系统Part1: Generalrequirements一般要求

IS通过表决Part2: Requirementsforelectrical/electronic/ programmableelectronicsystemsIS通过表决

电子/电气/电子可编控制器Part3: Softwarerequirements软件要求

IS通过表决Part4: Definitionsandabbreviations名称定义和缩写

IS通过表决Part5: ExamplesofmethodsforthedeterminationofIS通过表决

safetyintegritylevels

列举如果制定安全等级方法Part6: Guidelinesontheapplicationofparts2,3IS通过表决

对第二,三部分应用的说明Part7: OverviewoftechniquesandmeasuresIS通过表决

全面的技术和控制要求

PublicationofALLpartsinJune2000SIS应用及相关标准SafetyIntegrityLevel

安全级别4SILIEC61508SILISAS84.01AKDIN-V19250321-8543-761321-101001,00010,0000.10.010.0010.0001909999.999.99RRFA(s)in%PFDProbabilitytoFailDangerous危险可能性AvailabilityforSafetyFunctions安全功能可提供性RiskReductionFactor降低危险因素2SIS应用及相关标准Degreeofconsequence最终导致的结果S1:Lightinjury&lightdamagesforenvironment

人员轻伤，设备损害S2:Deathof1person一人死亡S3:Deathofmorethan1person一人以上的死亡S4:Catastrophicresult灾难性后果Presenceinhazardousarea人处于危险区的机率A1:Rarelytofrequently

几乎很少A2:Frequentlytocontinuously

经常性Possibilityoffailureprevention排除故障可能性G1:Limitedpossibility有限G2:Hardlypossible

几乎不可能Probabilityofhazardoccurrence危险发生的概率W1:Verylow很低W2:Low低W3:Relativelyhigh

相对较高NZRCpipelinesafetysolutions

安全级别参考设定NecessaryMinimumriskReductionIEC-61508SafetyIntegrityLevelNoSafetyRequirements1-NoSpecialSafetyRequirementsSIL12,345,678SIL2SIL3SIL4AsinglePESisnotsufficient123456781234567_123456__S1S2S3S4A1A2A1A2G1G2G1G2P3P2P1

RiskGraphaccordingto:DINV19250&IEC-1508

风险图根据DINV19250&IEC-1508SIS应用及相关标准CrossReferenceBetweenSISClass&StandardsSIS等级和其他标准之间的对比参考99.999PercentAvailability99.9999.9099.0090.000.00001P.F.D.(ProbabilityofFailureonDemand)0.00010.0010.010.1ANSI/ISAS84.013IEC1508TUVClass(AK)DinV19250SIL214321AK8AK6AK7AK5AK3AK4AK2AK186753421SIS应用及相关标准LifecycleoftheSafetySystem

安全系统的生命周期BoldareasareANSI/S84.01concernsS84coversallaspectsoftheSISdesign: -R&D -PHA -Design -Installation -Operationand Maintenance -DecommissioningConceptualProcessDesignPerformProcessHazardAnalysis&RiskAssessmentApplynon-SISprotectionlayerstopreventidentifiedhazardsorreducerisk.SISrequired?DevelopSafetyRequirementsSpecificationYESNOPre-Start-upSafetyReviewAssessmentSISDecommissioningPerformSISDetailDesignConceptualProcessDesignDefinetargetSILModifyDecommissionStartPerformSISConceptualDesign,&VerifyitmeetstheSRSSISinstallation,commissioning,andpre-startupacceptancetest.EstablishOperation&MaintenanceProceduresSISstart-up,operation,maintenance,periodicfunctionaltesting.

ModifyorDecommissionSIS?R&DPHADESIGNINSTALLATIONDECOMMISIONINGOPERATION&MAINTENANCESIS应用及相关标准ImpactofVotingSchemesonSafety&Availability表决结构在安全性和可用性上的冲突AvailabilitySafety/AvailabilityTMRSafety1oo2/1oo2D2oo2Proof-testingIntervalIncreasedFrequencySIS应用及相关标准IntegrityLevelVsAvailability

安全等级和可用性要求AvailabilityRequiredISAS843

99.90-99.99%

99.00-99.90%1

90.00-99.00%2IntegrityLevelIEC615084

>99.99%SIS应用及相关标准DefinitionsofSafetyLayers

安全层的定义SILProcessControlSystem过程控制系统Processequipment过程设备Alarms/operator警报/操作员E/E/PESSafetyRelatedSystemE/E/PES安全有关系统MechanicalSafetyLayers机械安全层HazopSIS应用及相关标准SafetyIntegrityLevels--ChemicalIndustryAssessment石化行业安全等级的评估“4”-CatastrophicCommunityImpact.灾难性的社会影响“3”-EmployeeandCommunityProtection.人员和社会的保护“2”-MajorPropertyandProductionProtection.Possibleinjurytoemployee.主要财产和生产的保护，对人员存在可能的伤害。“1”-MinorPropertyandProductionProtection.次要财产和生产的保护SIS应用及相关标准TUVTUVstandsforaratherlongGermanname,TecnischerUberwachungs-VereinRheinlande.V.TUV标准有一个很长的名字－TecnischerUberwachungs-VereinRheinlande.V.Itistheonlyindependentthirdpartyagencyintheworldthatcertifiessafetyinstrumentedsystems(SIS).这是一个独立的第三方的机构，为安全仪表系统（SIS）进行认证。TUVRheinlandisapprovedandauthorizedbylawasatechnicalinspectorateTUV是经过法律批准的技术检查机构。Iftheproductistestedandmeetsthestricttechnicalandperformancerequirements,itisapprovedandcertifiedforClasses(AK)1-8.如果产品经过测试，满足严格的技术和性能要求，它就获得AK1-8级认证。SIS应用及相关标准TUVTUVhascertifiedmanydifferentvotingarchitecturesinlogicsolverse.g.1oo2,1oo2D,1oo3,2oo3and2oo3D.在逻辑表决方面，TUV认证了很多不同的表决结构，例如：1oo2,1oo2D,1oo3,2oo3and2oo3DTUVwillcertifyandapprovethelogicsolverfortheappropriateClassofsafetyservice1-7.TUV认证和批准逻辑表决器为适当的安全等级1-7级。SIS应用及相关标准ThesafetysystemuserequestofTUVStandardasked

TUV标准对安全系统的使用要求TUVCertifiedReport:TUV认证报告SystemSafetyUseManually系统安全使用手册SamekeyrequestforsafetysystemTUV对安全系统使用的一些关键要求：Securityofthesafetysystem安全系统的安全性

Availabilityofthesafetysystem

安全系统的可使用率

Executetimeofthesafetysystem安全系统执行时间

TherestrictforSelf-diagnosebestrowrateandSelf-diagnosetimeofthesafetysystem安全系统的自诊断覆盖率及自诊断时间性限制

Degraderunandtimerestrictofthesafetysystem安全系统的降级运行及时间的限制……SIS应用及相关标准RestrictrequestofTUV

TUV的限制性要求

AllproductscertifiedbyTUV,mustmeetgeneralandespecialrestrictrequestwhenitrunning.

所有经过TUV认证的产品，都有在运行时其应满足的“一般和特殊的限制”要求。

The"commonrestrict"ofTUVrequestsclearly:AllClass5andClass6Safetysystemcan’truninsinglemode.

TUV的“一般限制”非常明确的要求：所有Class5andClass6级的安全系统不能以单通道的模式工作SIS应用及相关标准RedundancySafetySystem

冗余的安全系统Advancethesecurityandusabilityofthesafetysystem

提高安全系统的可靠性、可用性Achievetherestrictrequestthatthesafetystandardrequestedtosafetysystem

达到安全标准对安全控制系统的限制性要求SIS应用及相关标准MarkovModelingMethodologyMTTF:MeanTimeToFailure平均无故障时间MTTR:MeanTimeToRepair平均修复时间MTBF:MeanTimeBetweenFailure 平均故障间隔时间MTBF=MTTF+MTTRFailureRate:λ=1/MTTF 故障率Availability=MTBF/(MTBF+MTTR) 可用性#MIL-HDBK-217E:PartsCountReliabilityPredictionEXAMPLE:OneModulecontainingtwoboards,Eachhaving20ofthesame2Kby8staticRAMs.

λ=0.1420RAMX0.14=2.8FailuresPerMillionHours2.8+2.8=5.6FailuresPerMillionHoursMTTF=1000000/5.6Hours=178571HoursMTTF=20YearsSIS应用及相关标准MarkovModelingMethodology

SINGLESYSTEMA:Availabilityistheprobabilitythatasystemisoperationalatany