2024届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题六读后续写

专题六读后续写一、题型解读读后续写是一种将阅读和写作紧密结合起来进行考查的新题型，文章多是记叙文。读是输入，要求学生能提取有效的文本信息；写是输出，要求学生在理解一篇不完整文章的基础上，根据要求和提示预测缺失部分的内容走势，将文章补充完整，使之浑然一体。本题型主要考查学生的阅读、写作、思维及学习能力。阅读能力能理解原文内容能准确理解原文的篇章结构和关键信息能深入理解原文的情境（包含内容要素、情节发展、逻辑关系等）写作能力内容产出能在原文基础上创造新的内容能与原文内容保持高度融洽、形成有效协同语言运用能使用准确、恰当、丰富的词汇和句子结构能与原文的词汇和句子结构（甚至语言风格）协同篇章结构能与原文合理衔接能使用恰当的连接手段使续写完整、连贯思维能力能在根据原文进行续写时体现出想象力、创造性学习能力能通过读后续写学习原文作者的语言特点和写作风格二、命题透视卷名主题语境素养话题新课标Ⅰ卷2023人与自我写作比赛——一名以英语为第二语言的中学生，在老师的帮助下，参加英语写作比赛的故事新高考Ⅰ卷2022人与自我战胜自我——一名残疾学生坚持参加跑步比赛2021人与自我母亲节的惊喜礼物——两个孩子在母亲节当天为母亲制作早餐浙江卷2023人与自然救助动物——蛛网救蜂鸟脱困，蜂鸟留恋作者2022人与社会团队合作——作者与队友从最开始的无法配合到最后圆满完成任务2021人与自我理解父母，贡献家庭——孩子在假期打工，把赚来的钱交给父母2021人与自我南瓜卡头趣事——少女及家人沉着应对而脱险模拟卷2021八省联考人与社会友好互助——路遇好心人帮助修车，演绎人间真情命题预测1.读后续写话题的命题热点方向。（1）人与自然：naturaldisasters...（2）人与人：quarrels、envy...（3）人与动物：wolf、tiger、bear、snake...2.落实五育并举、深化体美劳教育引导。例如，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写文本选取在母亲节当天为母亲做早饭的语篇，引导学生形成热爱劳动的观念，在实际生活中宣扬劳动精神，积极参与劳动。3.与时代同步，传播正能量，倡导和谐人际关系。爱心互助、善举行为等、当世界充满爱时，我们每个人也会得到幸福的分享三、赋分标准（一）评分原则1.本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。2.评分时，应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为：（1）续写内容的质量、完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度；（2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性；（3）语句间的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定所属的档次，然后以相应档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。4.评分时还应注意：（1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分；（2）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分；（3）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法差异均可接受。（二）各档次的给分范围和要求档次描述第七档（22～25分）——创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；——使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解；——自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯第六档（18～21分）——创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高；——使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解；——比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯第五档（15～17分）——创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关；——使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解；——使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯第四档（11～14分）——创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关；——使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解；——尚有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯第三档（6～10分）——内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节；——所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解；——未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯第二档（1～5分）——内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节；——所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解；——几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯第一档（0分）——未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关一、解题思路步骤1精读文章，获取记叙文六要素1.关注标题，浏览全文，获取全文时态及基调。2.分段获取记叙文when，where，who，what，why，how六要素。Whendoesithappen？Wheredoesithappen？Whoisit？Whathappens？Whydoesithappen？Howdoesithappen？3.梳理线索，勾画文章情节。特别关注实词：名词、动词、形容词或副词。情节Para._Para._Para._Para._Para._whowhatfeelings借鉴叙事模型，归纳出故事的开始、冲突、上升部分、高潮。步骤2根据信息提炼文章主题一般情况下，读后续写都是通过小故事讲述大道理，彰显正能量，弘扬真善美。步骤3根据段首句做出合理预测每一段的段首句有承上启下的作用，故预测思路如下：1.第一段段首句和原文衔接，并且引出下文。标注出第一段段首句的关键词，合理推测下文将要续写的内容，即故事的下降部分。2.第二段段首句需要和第一段续写内容衔接，并引出故事的结局。标注出第二段段首句的关键词，反推出第一段的结尾。同时，根据第二段段首句的关键词，预测下文将要续写的内容，即故事的结局。步骤4完整勾勒出整个叙事模型步骤5构思内容，润色语言1.每个段落分3个层次构思。第一段eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(根据段首句续写,展开内容,衔接第二段段首句))第二段eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(根据段首句续写,故事结局,呼应/升华主题))[高分标准]（1）故事要围绕主要人物展开；（2）详细刻画人物角色及其情感；（3）有效使用连接成分，结构紧凑；（4）运用丰富的词汇、语法结构和修辞，使描写生动；（5）第一段和第二段的内容衔接自然，逻辑合理，语境连贯；（6）续写内容与所给短文融洽度高，语言风格保持一致，思想积极向上。2.语言风格需要和原文保持一致，采用记叙文常见的描写手法来增加细节。（1）动作描写；（2）心理描写；（3）肖像描写；（4）场景描写；（5）有效对话；（6）修辞；（7）精辟结尾。3.采用多样的语法结构及句式。（1）v.­ing作状语；（2）独立主格；（3）部分倒装；（4）“so...that”句型；（5）with复合结构；（6）从句；（7）常用修辞；（8）名言。步骤6誊写清晰，字迹工整二、题型解读（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross­countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute（路线）throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid，whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong？Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent！Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool'scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim，”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot，andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration（懊恼）.Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted，Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme，hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren，butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross­countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that'sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice，andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren，hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool，IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：Wesatdownnexttoeachother，butDavidwouldn'tlookatme.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[续写步骤]步骤1精读文章，获取记叙文六要素1.全文需用一般过去时态，讲述发生过的事情。2.when：thedayofthebigcross­countryrun.where：thesmalltown；thickevergreenforest.who：David；studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschools；theschool'scoach.what：AboynamedDavid，whohadabraindisease，participatedinrunningwithotherstudents.why：Davidrefusedtorunbeforestartingbecausehewasafraidthatstrangestudentswouldlaughathimforhisdisease.how：TheauthordecidedtoadviseDavidtochallengehimselfaccordingtohisformerbehaviour.3.梳理线索，勾画文章情节。步骤2根据信息提炼文章主题主题：encouragementandhelp步骤3根据段首句，做出合理预测预测：作者的鼓舞使David更加自信参加赛跑并取得不错成绩赢得别人的尊重。步骤4完整勾勒出整个叙事模型步骤5构思内容，润色语言1.每个段落分3个层次构思。ContinuationPara1：IknewtherefusedreasonandencouragedDavidandheacceptedmyadvice.·WhatwouldIsay？·WhatwouldDavidanswer？·Result.ContinuationPara2：Davidovercamehishesitationandconqueredhimselfandearnedother'spraise.·HowdidDavidperform？·Whatdidothersreactto？·Lessonsgained.2.采用常见的描写手法来增加细节。动词类：bury，sob，wellup，hug，wipe，sound，lurch（突然倾斜），trip（绊倒），giveup，floodin，pickup形容词类：inspired，thunderous（雷鸣般的）名词类：faith，determination，encouragement，delight，destiny（尊严）3.采用多样的语法结构及句式。①Ihuggedhimfirmly，pattinghisbackgently.我紧紧地拥抱着他，轻轻地拍着他的后背。②Seeingthedeterminationinhiseyes，Iwipedthetearsonhischeeks，promisingtokeephimcompanyuntiltheendofthecompetition.看到他眼神中的坚毅，我擦了擦他脸颊上的泪水，答应他会陪伴他直到这次比赛结束。③Myheartsank.我的心一沉。④Upondashingtowardsthefinishingline，awaveofthunderousapplausefloodedin.一冲向终点线，雷鸣般的掌声就如潮水般涌来。⑤Itwasyouwhomademerealizethatjustbemyself，andIcanbethemasterofmydestiny.是你让我意识到，做我自己，我就可以成为自己命运的主人。步骤6誊写清晰，字迹工整Wesatdownnexttoeachother，butDavidwouldn'tlookatmeＷ.Heburiedhisheadinhishands，sobbing.“Doyoufeartheaudiencewilllaughatyou？”askedI.Henoddedandbithislip，tearswellingupinhiseyes.Ihuggedhimfirmly，pattinghisbackgently.“Ihavefaithinyouandyouwillnotbelookeddownupon.Instead，everyonewillcheerforyouwhenyouarerunning！”Davidwasinspiredinstantlyandacceptedtorun.Seeingthedeterminationinhiseyes，Iwipedthetearsonhischeeks，promisingtokeephimcompanyuntiltheendofthecompetition.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Thestarter'sgunsounded，andDavidlurchedforwardwiththeotherchildren.Buthehadonlygoneafewmetresbeforehetrippedandfellflatontheground.Myheartsank.AsIstartedtoshoutencouragement，othervoicesaroundmetookupthecall“ComeonDavid，youcandoit！”Davidpickedhimselfupandstartedagain.Heusedupallhispowertomarchon.ThiswasDavid'srun.Hehadworkedforit，andhewouldn'tgiveup！Upondashingtowardsthefinishingline，awaveofthunderousapplausefloodedin.IrantowardsDavidandgavehimabearhug.“Youmadeit！”Hiseyestwinkledwithdelight，saying，“Thankyou.Itwasyouwhomademerealizethatjustbemyself，andIcanbethemasterofmydestiny.”三、素材积累语料库1动作描写动作描写是描写人物、凸显人物性格的有力手段，利用恰当的词语对表达人物心理和性格特征有很大的帮助。1.常见的“说”（1）动词类表达“说”。★基本表达：say说tell告诉★生动表达：shout大声叫add补充说continue继续说explain解释comfort安慰warn警告remind提醒scream尖叫whisper耳语complain抱怨order命令nod点头laugh笑着说sigh叹息suggest建议recommend推荐declare/announce宣布howl嚎叫remark评论说（2）副词类修饰“说”。angrily愤怒地casually随意地happily/cheerfully开心地harshly严厉地reluctantly不情愿地impatiently不耐烦地madly疯狂地desperately绝望地2.常见的“看”（1）动词类表达“看”。see/lookat/notice/observe/watch/view/findout发现makeout辨认出lookaround环顾四周lookup向上看lookdown向下看stareat凝视glanceat瞥了一眼glancearound/roundtheroom扫视房间glareat怒目而视glareangrilyatsb对某人怒目而视recognize认出spot注意到（2）名词类表达“看”。haveagood/closelookat仔细看onemorelook又看了一眼atthesightof一看到……catchsightof看到losesightof看不到comeintoview呈现在眼前3.常见的“走”walk/run/wander/stroll漫步wanderintothewoods漫步到森林里walkacrossstreet步行穿过马路strollabout/around闲逛walkarminarm臂挽着臂走walkgracefully步态优美地走stepback/backoff后退dash/rush冲headfor朝……出发tiptoe踮着脚走makeone'sway（排除困难）前进feelone'sway摸索前行stagger蹒跚dragone'sfeet拖着脚走pacebackandforth来回踱步jumptoone'sfeet一跃而起joginthewoods在林间慢跑rushoutoftheroom冲出房间crawltosafety爬到安全的地方4.常见的“笑”smile/laugh笑laughat嘲笑tease取笑lightup喜笑颜开5.常见的“哭”beintears/cry/weep哭泣sob抽泣burstintotears/burstoutcrying放声大哭6.其他与肢体语言相关的词汇applaud鼓掌欢迎shrugone'sshoulders耸肩frownatsb皱着眉头看着某人bowtosb向某人鞠躬nodinagreement点头表示赞同patsbontheshoulder/head拍某人的肩膀/头grasp/holdone'shand抓住某人的手pointtosb指向某人waveone'shand挥手7.介词短语withouthesitation毫不犹豫地withexcitement/thrill兴奋地withwonder/surprise惊奇地withshame/guilt羞愧地withsatisfaction满意地withsympathy同情地withfear/horror害怕地withtiredness/exhaustion疲惫地withembarrassment尴尬地withdespair绝望地withforce用力地withanger/rage/fury愤怒地withcaution小心翼翼地语料库2心理描写心理描写分为概括描述和细节描述。概括描述是总体描述，只将意思表达清楚即可。细节描述则是具体刻画，使描述更加生动，有画面感。1.喜悦/兴奋概括描述：adj.happy，glad，delighted，excitedn.happiness，joy，excitement，thrill，delight细节描述：★喜悦/兴奋的表现dance/jumpforjoy高兴地跳起来anencouragedexpression一个受到鼓舞的表情incheerfulspirits心情愉快asatisfiedlook满意的表情bedelightedat...因……而高兴brightensb'sheart使某人心情愉快feelinspired/encouraged感到被鼓舞beinhighspirits情绪高涨bedeeplymoved被深深地感动amixtureofexcitementandhappiness既兴奋又开心indescribablywildjoy难以形容的开心canhardlyconcealone'sexcitement几乎无法掩饰某人兴奋的心情bepowerfullyattractedto被强烈地吸引keepupone'sspirits振作精神becontentwith...对……感到满意beexcitedwithjoyatthesuccess为成功而欣喜befascinatedbythescene/beautyof...被……场面/美丽吸引bejoyfulover/about...因……而高兴onthetopoftheworld心满意足，非常幸福tearsofhappinessflowingdown流下幸福的泪水★with＋抽象名词作状语One'seyesshone/glowedwithjoy/happiness.One'sheartwasracingwithexcitement.2.怒概括描述：adj.angryn.anger，rage，fury细节描述：★愤怒的表现feelannoyed感到恼怒的bedispleasedatone'sconduct对某人的行为感到不满bespeechlesswithanger气得说不出话rageatsb对某人大发脾气flamewithanger气得满脸通红getmadatsb对某人勃然大怒express/voiceacomplaintabout...对……表示不满★“so...that”句型，v.­ing/v.­ed作状语Shefeltsoangrythatshestormedoutoftheroom，slammingthedoorangrilybehindher.Boilingwith/Filledwithrage（anger/fury），shewasbarelyabletosayasingleword.3.哀概括描述：adj.sadn.sadness，sorrow，grief，wateryeyes细节描述：★悲伤的表现astrongsenseofloss强烈的失落感withaheavyheart怀着沉重的心情cryone'sheartout悲痛欲绝withasinkingheart心情沉重haveaworriedlook愁眉苦脸feelfrustrated/depressed/discouraged感到沮丧的breakone'sheartoverone'sdeath因某人的死亡而痛心makeone'sheartbleed使某人悲痛dieofabrokenheart心碎而死withasorrowfulheart忧郁的aflashofgriefcomesuponsb.某人感到一阵悲伤bedrowninspirits情绪低落loseone'sspirits垂头丧气besadatheart伤心abrokenspirit意志消沉★比喻、夸张等修辞Myheartbegantoraceandmymindwentblank.Somethingchokedhimandhecouldnotfinishthesentence.Hervoicebegantocrack.Tearswelledupinmyeyes./Hisfacewaswetwithtears./Tearsstreameddownherface.4.惧概括描述：v.frighten，scare，terrifyadj.frightened/frightening，scared/scary，terrified/terrifying，fearfuln.scare，fright，fear细节描述：★恐惧的表现beseizedwithpanic惊慌失措fallintodespair陷入绝望★“so/such...that”句型，“too...to”结构，形容词作状语、表语Atthesightofthefiercewolf，hereyeswerewidewithhorror.Atthesightofthefiercewolf，Iwastooscaredtomoveevenaninch.Atthesightofthefiercewolf，IfeltsoscaredthatIfrozewithterror.Atthesightofthefiercewolf，IwasseizedbysuchastrongsenseofhorrorthatIwassweating.Atthesightofthefiercewolf，Ifroze/wasterrified/wasscared/wasfrightened.5.悔概括描述：v.regretadj.regretful，ashamed细节描述：★后悔的表现send（sb）one'sregrets（向某人）表示歉意expressregret表示遗憾Iamashamedof...我对……感到很羞愧★虚拟语气、谚语等Shenowcoulddonothingbutfeeltheregretburninginherheart.Shekeptthinkingsheshouldn'thavestolenthewallet.Otherwise，thingswouldturnoutdifferently.Don'tcryoverspiltmilk.语料库3肖像描写肖像描写即描绘人物的面貌特征，目的是以“形”传“神”，刻画人物的性格特征，反映人物的内心世界。1.体态外貌描写short矮tall高thin瘦的well­dressed穿着讲究的inone's20s/30s在某人二十几岁/三十几岁的时候medium­sized中等身材（的）beofmediumsize身材适中apairofblueeyes一双蓝色的眼睛agracefulfigure优美的身段askinnyfigure瘦削的身材awell­builtman身材魁梧的人ahandsomefigure仪表堂堂2.性格与特征描写calm镇定的confident自信的strong坚强的selfish自私的humourous幽默的optimistic乐观的lovely可爱的generous宽宏大量的withthevirtueof...具有……的美德atalentedperson天资高的人aneasypersontodealwith容易相处的人awell­informedman消息灵通/见多识广的人asmooth­spokenman能说会道的人befondof...喜欢，热衷……bekeenon喜爱；对……着迷beskilledin/dowellin精通；擅长haveagift/talentfor...在……方面有天赋strongwill/determinationandcourage坚强的意志和勇气astrongsenseofresponsibility强烈的责任感语料库4场景描写在故事叙述中添加场景描写不仅有助于锁定故事发生的地点，了解该地点的现场情况，还能渲染故事氛围，增添画面感，产生呼应并烘托人物心理活动的积极作用。1.天气情况arainyseason多雨的季节astormynight暴风雨之夜inthepouringrain在倾盆大雨中continuous/constantrains连绵不断的雨intheblindingrain在茫茫大雨中beburiedinsnow深埋在雪中unbearablyhot难以忍受的热inthewarmspringsunshine在温暖的春光里clearup放晴fierce/heavy/violentstorms狂风暴雨atimely/seasonablerain及时雨，好雨bathein（the）sunshine沐浴在阳光下thecolouroftheskyischanging天空的颜色在变化firstlightgray，thendarkgray先是浅灰色，然后是深灰色finallydarkanddense最后又黑又密2.地理位置atadistance在远处alakeintheforest森林里的一个湖asmallvillageoffthemap一个偏僻的小村子withinastone'sthrowofthebeach离海滨仅咫尺之遥besituatedatthenorthernendof...位于……北端inavillageamongthehills在群山环抱的村庄里roomfacingsouth朝南的房间thethinlypopulatedruralarea人烟稀少的农村地区belocatedsomewhereonthePacificcoast位于太平洋沿岸某处beneaththesurfaceofthewater在水面下snow­cappedmountaintop积雪覆盖的山顶afavourablesituatedcity位置优越的城市asteepuphillclimb一个陡峭的爬坡thesightsalongtheway沿途的风景rollingdowntherivernearby沿着附近的河流滚滚而下3.以境写情（1）Thebirdssang；thegrasswasgreen；thesunwaswarm；andHans'heartwasfulloflove.（2）Theairwasrichwithhappiness.（3）Assheheadedouttothecar，shebreathedinthepleasantairandadmiredthecrowd.（4）Thewindwashowlingaroundthehouse.4.乐景衬哀情Itwasbeautifulspringweather，butneitherdogsnorhumanswereawareofit.Thewholelongdaywasablazeofsunshine.Lifewaswakingafterthelongmonthsoffrost.Andinthemiddleofallthislife，liketravellersofdeath，thetwomen，thewomanandthedogsstaggeredontheirjourney.（TheCalloftheWild）语料库5交通篇1.交通方式之公路driver驾驶员，司机passenger乘客，旅客vehicle交通工具，车辆bicycle自行车，脚踏车highway公路，干道，交通要道cross交叉，穿越engine发动机cyclist骑自行车的人petrol汽油passer­by路人pedestrian步行者，行人pavement人行道，路面cab/taxi出租车motorcycle摩托车crossroads十字路口freeway高速公路cyclelane自行车道privatecar私家车sharedbike共享自行车electricvehicle电动汽车newenergyvehicle新能源汽车drivinglicence驾驶执照pickup接载trafficlight/signal交通灯2.交通方式之铁路underground地下的railwaystation火车站expressline快车线路track轨道subway地铁platform站台tunnel地道，隧道high­speedrailway/train高铁3.交通方式之航空pilot飞行员airport机场airline航空公司aircraft/airplane飞机flight航班，班机arrival到达，抵达delay延迟，延误aboard在（车/船/飞机）上helicopter直升机steward（stewardess）乘务员departure离开transfer换乘takeoff起飞fastenone'sbelt系好安全带round­trip往返旅程returnticket往返票book/cancelaflight订/取消航班4.常用句型（1）直到车停到（pullup）房子前面时，我们才看到Lily坐在副驾驶的位置上。→Wedidn'tseeLilyinthepassengerseatuntilthecarpulledupinfrontofthehouse.（not...until）→OnlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofthehousedidweseeLilyinthepassengerseat.（only＋时间状语引起的倒装）→ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofthehousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.（Itbe...that...强调句）（2）我们的汽油快用完了，但离下一个服务站还很远。Wearerunningoutofpetrol，butthereisstillalongwaytothenextservicestation.（3）她在沿着街道骑自行车，这时不知从哪里窜出一只恶狗。Shewasridingherbikeonthestreetwhenafiercedogrushedin.（4）近几年中国高铁发展迅速。China'shigh­speedrailwayhasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyears.（5）在长时间的延误之后，飞机终于起飞了。Afteralongdelay，theplanefinallytookoff.语料库6有效对话1.对话语言描写say...loudly/proudly/gently/angrily/seriously/cheerfully...大声地/自豪地/温柔地/生气地/严肃地/高兴地说……addthat...补充说……answersb/makeananswertosb回答某人tellsbsth/tellsthtosb告诉某人某事remindsbof/that...提醒某人……explainsthclearly清楚地解释某事announce/declarethat...宣称……yellout/cryouttosb朝某人大声喊叫whispertosbgently对某人温柔耳语disagreewith/haveadisagreementwith不同意……2.对话常用句型（1）名词或短语单独成句。（2）短句。（3）祈使句。（4）直接引语和间接引语。①“Don'tbelateforsupper，”Mumcried.②“OK！”Mydadcriedback.③Onseeingthechokingsmoke，shecouldn'thelpyelling，“Fire！Fire！”④Iaskedeachofmykidstopicksomethingtheythoughtour“friend”therewouldappreciate.⑤Sheasked，“Doyouhavetheaddress？”“No，butI'llrecognizeit.Therewasapictureinthemagazine.”“Oh，stop.Thereitis！”（AnneofGreenGables）语料库7修辞1.明喻用一种事物比喻所要说明的另一事物，两者在本质上或性质上有相似之处。常用格式是“本体＋喻体”，常用like，as...as，asif或asthough引导。（1）Lifeisratherlikeopeningatinofsardines.We'realllookingfortheopener.人生就像开启一罐沙丁鱼，我们大家都在找起子。（2）Goodcoffeeislikefriendship：rich，warmandstrong.好的咖啡如同友谊：丰厚、温暖且热烈。2.暗喻对所比喻事物不直接点明而是用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。（1）Humouristheshockabsorberoflife；ithelpsustakeaction.幽默是生活的减震器，它可以帮助我们付诸行动。（2）Loveisalamp.Thedarkerthebackgroundis，thebrighteritlooks.爱是一盏灯。背景越暗，它看上去就越亮。3.拟人赋予无生命事物、自然现象、抽象概念或动物以人的感情、行为、品质、态度等特征，以达到彼此交融、合二为一的效果。（1）Thewindstoodupandgaveashout.大风凛冽，发出怒吼。（2）Theforesthelditsbreath，andthetreesseemedtolistenattentively.森林屏住了呼吸，树木似乎聚精会神地听着。4.类比比较两种事物在多方面的相似或不同之处，常用结构：AistoBwhatCistoD（A之于B犹如C之于D）。（1）Shoesaretofeetwhattiresaretowheels.鞋子之于脚犹如轮胎之于车轮。（2）Booksaretoourmindswhatfoodistoourbody.书籍之于我们的思想，犹如食物之于我们的身体。5.夸张通过夸大程度达到强调句意、丰富感情色彩的目的。（1）Heworkedhisfingerstothebone.他拼老命地去工作。（2）Iwasscaredtodeath.我吓得要死。6.引用写文章时，引用现成语（如成语、诗句、格言、典故等）以表达自己的思想感情，说明自己对新问题、新道理的见解。它使论据确凿、充分，增强说服力，富有启发性，而且语言精练，含蓄典雅。Since“lifeisastage”，weareactuallyactorsandactresses.因为“生活是一个舞台”，我们实际上都是男女演员。语料库8精辟结尾1.赞扬“真善美，帮助别人”的结尾Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsoclosetotheburningvehicle！Hiseffortsmostlikelysavedthewoman'slife.2.赞扬“自己身处窘境，仍然帮助别人”的结尾（1）Sometimesgivingfromourneedinsteadofourabundanceisjustwhatweneedtodo！（2）Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherinneed，italsogavemykidsthesweettasteofhelpingothers.3.“灾后自救，灾后合作救援”的结尾（1）Itturnedoutthatitwashisbravery，calmnessandwisdomthatsavedthewholefamily.（2）Itturnedoutthatitwascooperationandteamworkthatsavedtheirlives.（3）Itturnedoutthatitwasloveandcompanythatworkedwonders.4.“遇到困难要镇静”的结尾Keepcalmnomatterwhathappened，andthenyoucanovercomeanydifficulty/challenge.5.“人与自然”的结尾（1）Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheworldwhereweliveandappreciatehowthehumanbeingsandanimalslivetogether.（2）IfiguredwhoeverlostthedogwasprobablyjustasclosetoitasIamtomydogs.6.“人与自我——改变/向善/关爱他人”的结尾（1）IthinkIamamuchbetterpersontodaythanIusedtobe，andIhopeIwillnotforgettheseexperiences.Theyhavetaughtmetocareaboutotherpeoplemorethanaboutmyself.IlikewhoIamtoday.（2）It'ssuchaprivilegetobeapartofthesekids'lives，evenjustforafewhours，gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.（3）Ilearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondtheclassroom.语料库9高频主题语境1.人与动物snifftheair嗅空气lickmyface舔我的脸jumpabout/aroundme在我身边蹦蹦跳跳wagthetail摇尾巴brushthefur梳理毛发flapthewings拍打翅膀adog/wolfsuddenlyhowled狗/狼嚎movecautiouslyaway小心翼翼地跑开了Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwithjoy.Itjuststartedlickinghisface.2.灾害救人/自救（1）火灾。①Suddenly，hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.②Ashegotcloser，hefoundanothervehicleupsidedownontheroad.③Onemorelookandhenoticedflameshootingoutfromunderthedisabledvehicle.④Larrypulledover，setthebrakeandgotholdofthefireextinguisher.⑤Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasputout.⑥Theairwasfilledwiththick，blacksmoke.（2）大雪。①AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.②Atonepoint，hugepilesofsnowblockedhisway.③Theheavysnowblockedtheway.④Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetotheheavysnow.⑤Whenhehandedthemedicinetothenextone，hisfacewasblackfromextremecold.⑥Thelakewascoveredwithice，whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.⑦Ifthathappened，hemightfallintotheicywaterbelow.⑧Buthemadeitacross.（3）水灾。①Ahugewaveseparatedthem.②HefoughtagainstthewavesandstruggledtocatchSammy③Unfortunately，Sammywascarriedawaybythewaves.3.人与自我①Hiswordsfreedmefrommybaddreams.②Ithoughttomyself，howevenwithoutanarmhewasmoreofaleader.③Fromthatdayon，Igrewbiggerandalittlemorereal.④Heletoutasignofrelief.⑤Theaudienceletoutathunderingcheer.A阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）WhenIwasinmiddleschool，mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil，soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay，whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So，whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail？Hisreply：“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself，Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encouragedbyhiswords，Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere'shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith（银匠）inBostonwhorodeahorseatnightonApril18，1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse'smouth.Notabrilliantidea，butfunny；andunlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink，ashespedthroughthenight？Didhegettired？Havedoubts？Didhewanttoquit？Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But，likeRevere'shorse，Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.Icheckedoutahalf­dozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher，hereadit，laughedoutloud，andsaid，“Great.Now，writeitagain.”Iwroteitagain，andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit，thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin，Iwouldn'tcare.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Afewweekslater，whenIalmostforgotthecontest，therecamethenews.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentation._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】Afewweekslater，whenIalmostforgotthecontest，therecamethenews.ItwasaphonecallsayingthatIwasawinner.WhenIknewIwontheprize，awideexcitementtookholdofme.Irushedtomyoldersisterwithexcitementandsharedthefantasticnewswithher.Onhearingtheunexpectednews，shewassosurprisedthatshefrozewithhermouthwideopen.Afterawhile，excitedtearsstreameddownhercheeks.Bathedinthewarmsunshine，wemadeourwaytotheawardpresentation.Ontheway，myoldersisterremindedmethatwithoutmyteacher'sencouragementIwouldn'thavemademuchprogressinwritinginEnglish.Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.Withtearsinmyeyes，Isaidtohim，“Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourtimelyhelp.Itwasyourencouragementthatmademebraveenoughtosignupforthecontest.”Hesteppedforward，pattedmeontheshoulder，andsaidsoftly，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”Wehuggedeachotherastightlyaspossibleandoureyeswerefilledwithtears.OnlythendidIrealizethatitwasbraveryanddeterminationthatcouldconquerallthedifficulties.Hardworkpaidoffeventually.B阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。（2023·浙江卷）Iwasinvitedtoacookoutonanoldfriend'sfarminwesternWashington.Iparkedmycaroutsidethefarmandwalkedpastamilkinghousewhichhadapparentlynotbeenusedinmanyyears.Anoiseatawindowcaughtmyattention，soIenteredit.Itwasahummingbird（蜂鸟），desperatelytryingtoescape.Shewascoveredinspider­webs（蛛网）andwasbarelyabletomoveherwings.SheceasedherstruggletheinstantIpickedherup.Withthebirdinmycuppedhand，Ilookedaroundtoseehowshehadgottenin.Thebrokenwindowglasswasthelikelyanswer.Istuffedapieceofclothintotheholeandtookheroutside，closingthedoorsecurelybehindme.WhenIopenedmyhand