专题05阅读还原备战2023年中考英语之冲刺题型专项练(全国通用版)

专题05阅读还原备战2023年中考英语之冲刺题型专项练（全国通用版）一、阅读还原7选5（2020·山东·统考二模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。____1____Whenkidsbreakrules,parentswillgivethemsomepunishments,whicharen’tincludedinrules.Infact,whenyoutellyourkidsaboutanewrule,youshouldtalkwiththemaboutthepricetheyshouldpayforbreakingtherule—whatthepunishmentwillbe.____2____Violenceorthreat(暴力或威胁)isnotgood.Forexample,ifyoufindyoursonsmoking,youmaylimit(限制)hissocialactivitiesfortwoweeks.Youshouldpunishyourkidsonlyinwaysyouhavediscussedbeforetheruleisbroken.____3____It’sunderstandablethatyou’llbeangrywhenrulesarebroken.____4____Butit’snotaverygoodone.Sharingyourfeelingsofanger,disappointmentorsadnesswithyourkidscanhaveabettereffectonthem.Trytodothat.Whenyourkidsknowwhattheyhavedonehasmadeyou,theywillfeelguilty(内疚的).Whentheyknowtheiractionsinfluenceyougreatly,theywillobeybetter.____5____Ifyourrulesorwaysofpunishmentmakethemunhappyorunderalotofpressure,aretheyhelpful?A.Punishmentsyousetshouldbereasonable.B.Manyparentslikesettingfamilyrulesfortheirkids.C.Doyourchildrenbreakrulesathome?D.Punishmentisawaytoexpressyouranger.E.Therearelotsofrulesforkidsatschool.F.Familyrulesaremadetohelpyourkidsbehavebetter.G.Themostpopularpunishmentistolimitkids’TVtime.【导语】制定家规可以帮助规范孩子的行为，对孩子的成长是很有帮助的。如果孩子违反了规则，那么就要接受惩罚。家长们在制定惩罚措施的时候要注意合理性，不要适得其反。【答案】1.B

2.A

3.G

4.D

5.F1.【解析】这个空是短文的第一句话，我们只能从下一句话中寻找做题的信息，根据下句话中Whenkidsbreakrules，parentswillgivethemsomepunishments可知，这里提到了rules，而且是kids和parents的关系，因此这篇短文应讲述的是关于家庭规则的，故应选B。2.【解析】根据下句话Violenceorthreat(暴力或威胁)isnotgood可知，暴力或者威胁是不好的，这里说的是惩罚的方式，应该要合理。下面还具体举例告诉我们如何设定惩罚的方式。故应选A。3.【解析】这一段讲述的都是当孩子做错事的时候，应该如何惩罚他们。上句话提到Youshouldpunishyourkidsonlyinwaysyouhavediscussedbeforetheruleisbroken，你应该按照在违反规则之前讨论好的方式去惩罚，不要没有准则。这一句话是承接上文而来，告诉我们最常见的惩罚方式是限制孩子看电视的时间。故应选G。4.【解析】根据上句话It’sunderstandablethatyou’llbeangrywhenrulesarebroken可知，当孩子违反规则的时候，你会变得很生气，这里提到了angry，下面是接着说如何来处理你的愤怒。D选项说惩罚是表达生气的一种方式，符合文意，故选D。5.【解析】根据下句话Ifyourrulesorwaysofpunishmentmakethemunhappyorunderalotofpressure,aretheyhelpful?可知，这里作者反问我们，如果我们惩罚的方式让孩子不开心或者有很大的压力，那么他们还有帮助吗？这个空应该先告诉我们家庭规则应该是对孩子们有好处的，故应选F。（2022·江苏苏州·校联考一模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Carsmakeourlivesmucheasier.Buttheycanalsobeaproblem,especiallyfossilfuel(化石燃料)cars.____6____Toimprovetheenvironment,manycountriesaredevelopingelectricvehicles(EVs,电动车).____7____Chinahascreatedtheworld’slargestEVmarket,accordingtotheWallStreetJournal.In2021,over30percentoftheEVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,morethantwiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUnitedStates.____8____Chineseautocompanies,includingBYDandBAIC,havebeenamongthetopintheworldinEVsales.“Charging(充电)anelectriccarischeaperthanfillingupafossilfuelcarwithgas,”saidWuHao,whoboughtanelectriccarfromBAICthisyear.____9____Itcanbehardtofindchargingstationsandthecarscan’tgofarbeforeneedingtoberecharged.Someoftheseproblemsarebeingsolved.____10____Therearemorethan2.6millionchargingstationsintotal.DevelopingEVsisoneofmanyeffortsChinahasmadetoprotecttheenvironment.“AsChinagoes,sowilltheworld’sautoindustry,"theWallStreetJournalsaid.A.ChinesedriversarealreadybigfansofEVs.B.Thereisalwaystoomuchtrafficontheroad.C.However,therearestillsomeproblems.D.Amongthem,Chinaistakingaleadingrole.E.Peoplecannotonlygogreenbutalsosavemoney.F.NowChinahastheworld’slargestEVchargingnetwork.G.Theyhavebecomeamajorcauseofairpollution.【导语】本文主要讲述了汽车使我们的生活更加方便，但也可能是一个问题。例如，矿物燃料汽车造成了空气污染。为了改善环境，许多国家正在开发电动汽车，其中，中国起着主导作用，创造了世界上最大的电动汽车市场。【答案】6.G

7.D

8.A

9.C

10.F6.【解析】根据“Carsmakeourlivesmucheasier.Buttheycanalsobeaproblem,especiallyfossilfuel(化石燃料)cars.”可知，汽车使我们的生活更容易，但它们也可能是一个问题，尤其是化石燃料汽车。选项G“它们已经成为空气污染的主要原因”符合语境，故选G。7.【解析】根据“Toimprovetheenvironment,manycountriesaredevelopingelectricvehicles(EVs,电动车).”可知，为了改善环境，许多国家正在开发电动汽车，结合后文介绍中国的情况，选项D“其中，中国正在发挥主导作用”符合语境，故选D。8.【解析】根据“In2021,over30percentoftheEVssoldworldwideweresoldinChina,morethantwiceasmanyasthenumbersoldintheUnitedStates.”可知，此处提到电动车在中国的销量很高，选项A“中国司机已经是电动汽车的超级粉丝”符合语境，故选A。9.【解析】根据“Itcanbehardtofindchargingstationsandthecarscan’tgofarbeforeneedingtoberecharged.”可知，很难找到充电站，汽车在需要充电前走不远。此处提到电动车的一些问题，选项C“然而，仍然存在一些问题”符合语境，故选C。10.【解析】根据“Someoftheseproblemsarebeingsolved....Therearemorethan2.6millionchargingstationsintotal.”可知，此处提到解决充电问题，选项F“现在中国拥有世界上最大的电动汽车充电网络”符合语境，故选F。（2022·江西·二模）Wehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishesandwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhumanpoop(粪便),reportsUSAToday.Thefindingscomefromapilotstudy(初步研究)byscientistsfromEnvironmentAgencyAustria(EAA).Theresearchersfollowedeighthealthyvolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweek,thenprovidedsamplesoftheirpoopfortesting.____11____Anaverageof20smallplasticparticles(颗粒)werefoundinevery10gramsofpoop.Theparticleswere50-500micrometers(微米)insize.“Thesmallestplasticparticlesareabletoenterthebloodstream,thelymphaticsystem(淋巴系统),andmayevenreachtheliver(肝脏),”PhilippSchwabl,whotookpartintheresearch,saidtoTheGuardian.____12____They’renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers’bodies,either.Butmostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcouldincludeplasticfromoceanpollution.____13____AccordingtoNationalGeographic,anaverageof8milliontonsofplasticwastegointotheoceanseachyear.There,sunlightandwavesbreaktheplasticdowntothesizeofricegrains.Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoilandair.____14____Previousstudiesmayalsogiveusaclue(线索).____15____Evensometapwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.A.However,thescientistsaren’tsureifthisplasticisharmfultohumans.B.Howcouldpeopleavoideatingplastic?C.Theyreportedninedifferenttypesofplasticinthesamples.D.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?E.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.F.Itistestedthatplasticparticlesaren’tharmfultohumanbodies.G.USATodaysaysthat90percentofseasaltsoldgloballycontainsplastic.【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，人类的粪便中含有塑料，我们丢失的塑料最终还是“物归原主”，本文对此现象做出阐述并呼吁人们不要乱扔塑料，要保护环境。【答案】11.C

12.A

13.E

14.D

15.G11.【解析】根据“Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweek,thenprovidedsamplesoftheirpoopfortesting.”可知，前文提及粪便检测样本，选项C“他们报告了样本中九种不同类型的塑料”符合语境。故选C。12.【解析】根据“They’renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers’bodies,either.”可知，后文提及科学家不确定塑料是如何进入志愿者的身体，选项A“但是，科学家不确定塑料是否对人类有害”符合语境。故选A。13.【解析】根据“AccordingtoNationalGeographic,anaverageof8milliontonsofplasticwastegointotheoceanseachyear...Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoilandair.”可知，后文塑料垃圾存在于海洋，被分解的塑料存在于海洋，土地和空气，几乎无处不在，选项E“事实上，塑料就在我们周围”符合语境。故选E。14.【解析】根据“Mostoftheseparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoilandair.”可知，前文描述塑料存在于海洋，土地和空气，此处提及塑料和土壤、空气的关系，选项D“空气中的塑料会掉在食物上并进入人体吗”符合语境。故选D。15.【解析】根据“Evensometapwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.”可知，甚至自来水中也含有小颗粒的塑料，此处与塑料颗粒来自哪里相关，选项G“《今日美国》称，全球销售的90%的海盐含有塑料”符合语境。故选G。（2020·云南昆明·统考中考真题）___16___Youmayhavealreadyforgottenthedayswhenyouhadtolearnhowtousechopsticks.EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.___17___Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.___18___Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,justasmakingnoisewithforksandknivesinaWesterncountrywouldberude.Therearealsosomesuperstitions(迷信)relatedtochopsticks.Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatchopsticksshouldnotbeleftstandinguprightinabowl.Itlooksliketheincense(香)thatChineseusetohonorthedead.___19___Youshouldnottapchopsticksontheedgeofthebowleither,asbeggarsdothistoaskforfood.Parentsmaygetmadifchildrendothisastheydon’twanttheirchildrentobeaspoorasbeggarsinthefuture.Apartfrombeingtableware,chopstickscanalsobeagreatgift.___20___Newlyweds(新婚夫妇)sometimesreceivechopsticksasaweddinggift.Skilledcraftsmenpaintbeautifulimagesonchopstickstomakethemlooklikefineartworks.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.HowChinesekidslearntousechopsticksB.PeopleshouldnotmakenoisewithchopsticksC.LearntherulesandtraditionsbehindchopsticksD.Doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.E.ButchopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfoodF.Weshouldlearnthetraditionalculturebehindforksandkniveswell.G.InChinese,“chopsticks”reads“kuaizi”,whichmeanstohavebabiessoon.【导语】本文主要介绍了筷子背后的传统和规则。【答案】16.C

17.E

18.B

19.D

20.G16.【解析】根据“Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,”和“Therearealsosomesuperstitions(迷信)relatedtochopsticks.”可知，本文想要我们了解筷子的传统和规则。故选C。17.【解析】根据“Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.”可知，此处表示筷子背后有它们的规则和传统，因此它们不只是夹起食物的工具，故选E。18.【解析】根据“Playingwithchopsticksisseenasbadmanners,justasmakingnoisewithforksandknivesinaWesterncountrywouldberude.”可知，人们不应该用筷子发出噪音，故选B。19.【解析】根据“Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatchopsticksshouldnotbeleftstandinguprightinabowl.Itlooksliketheincense(香)thatChineseusetohonorthedead.”可知，有些人认为筷子不应该竖着放在碗里。它看起来像中国人用来纪念逝者的香。因此在餐桌上做这样的事会带来厄运，故选D。20.【解析】根据“Newlyweds(新婚夫妇)sometimesreceivechopsticksasaweddinggift.”可知，给新婚夫妇送筷子作为结婚礼物，是因为“筷子”有“快子”的意思，故选G。（2022·贵州贵阳·统考二模）根据短文内容，从短文所给的七个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能选一次，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatdoesitmeantobeanoldersister?InthemovieSister,AnRanisa24-year-oldwomanwhodreamsofbecomingadoctor.___21___Anfacesachoicebetweengoingafterherdreamandraisingher6-year-oldbrother.___22___Tohaveasecondchild,An’sparentsmadeAnpretend(假装)tobedisabledwhenshewasalittlegirl.Afterherbrother’sbirth,herparentsalmostforgetAn.TheyaskedAntostudynursinginsteadofmedicineatcollegesothatshecouldstartworkingandsupportthefamily.Anhadplannedtoleavethefamilywhenthecaraccidenthappened.Whatwillshedo?“ThefilmisacalmanddeepexaminationofChina’ssonpreferenceproblem,”ChinaDailynoted.___23___Thedirector,scriptwriter(编剧)andproducerofthisfilmareallwomen.“Andwe’veseenalotofwomenaroundusexperiencingsuchthings,”Yinsaid,___24___Thefilmhasanopenending,leavingtheaudience(观众)toguesswhetherAnhasdecidedtoraiseherbrotherornot.___25___Butatleastsheistrying.A.NooneknowsifAnwillwinagainst(打败)theunfairnessanddifficultiesoflife.B.An’sfamilyalwayswantedtohaveaboy.C.“Whydopeopletakeitforgranted(理所当然)thatwomenshouldsacrifice(牺牲)?”D.However,herparentsdieinacaraccident.E.DirectorYinRouxinsaidthefilmshowstherealpainanddifficultiesthatmanywomenface.F.Anhastogiveupherstudy.G.An’sparentsdon`tlikeher.【导语】本文主要介绍电影《我的姐姐》的相关信息以及它所反映出的现实问题。【答案】21.D

22.B

23.E

24.C

25.A21.【解析】根据“raisingher6-year-oldbrother.”可知安要抚养弟弟，说明父母去世了，选项D“然而，她的父母死于一场车祸。”符合语境，故选D。22.【解析】根据“Tohaveasecondchild,An’sparents”可知安的父母还想要一个孩子，选项B“安的家人一直想要个男孩。”符合语境，故选B。23.【解析】根据“‘ThefilmisacalmanddeepexaminationofChina’ssonpreferenceproblem,’ChinaDailynoted”可知此处是表示对这部电影的评论，选项E“导演殷若昕表示，这部电影展现了许多女性面临的真实痛苦和困难。”符合语境，故选E。24.【解析】根据“Andwe’veseenalotofwomenaroundusexperiencingsuchthings”（我们看到我们周围的很多女性都经历过这样的事情）可知此处是表示为女性打抱不平，选项C“为什么人们理所当然地认为女性应该做出牺牲？”符合语境，故选C。25.根据“Thefilmhasanopenending,”可知此处是关于这部电影最终的结局，选项A“没有人知道安能否战胜生活中的不公平和困难。”符合语境。故选A。（2022·江苏宿迁·统考二模）Weallhavebiggoals.Theyarethekeytohelpingusfindsatisfaction.However,whentheyarelong-termgoals(长期的目标),wemayrisklosingencouragementandenergy.That’swhycelebratingsmallvictoriescanbesoimportant.____26____EnergyWhenenergyislow,itcanbechallengingtocompleteanything.____27____Onceyoustartexperiencingmoreenergy,youmightnoticefeelingmoreconfidenttocompleteallthosethings—largeandsmall—onyour“todo”list.Thereisevidencetosuggestthatcelebratingsmallvictoriesleadsyoutocompletebiggerones.PersonalandprofessionalgrowthAcceptingsmallvictorieshelpsyourecordhowfaryou’vecome.Thisisespeciallyhelpfulwhenyou’retryingtobuildanewhabitormakealifestylechange.____28____Butthesechangescanalsobethemostusefulwhenyou’reonthepathtopersonalandprofessionalgrowthanddevelopment.Itcanbeeasytofallintothe“allornothing”trap.Forexample,manypeoplefeeliftheycan’tachieveabehavioralchange—likestoppingsmoking—thefirsttimetheytry,thentheymightaswellgiveup.Positivestrengtheningthroughcelebratingsmallwinshelpsgetbackontrack(回到正轨).HappinessYouaretheonlypersonyouknowforyourwholelife.Whenyouloveyourselfunconditionallyyoucanforgetanydifficultyinyourlife.____29____Celebratingyoursmallvictoriesisjustoneofmanywaystotakecareofyourself.Celebratingsmallvictoriesisapowerfulwaytoproveyounoticehowamazingyouare.Ithelpsyoudependonyourownpositiveinformationratherthanlookingtotheoutsideworldtotellyouwhatitthinksofyou.____30____Itturnsoutthatwhenyouloveyourself,youwillshowothershowyouwanttobetreated.A.Youcansharesadnesswithyourparents.B.Behavioralchangescanbedifficult.C.Therearemanywaystolookafteryourselfwell.D.Andthereasonsforcelebratingsmallwinscanbedividedintothefollowingparts.E.Italsoleadstobetterrelationshipwithothers.F.Whenyoucelebratesmallvictories,youwillgiveyourselfalittleenergy.G.Growthmaybealong-termgoalthatisnotlikedbysomestudents.【导语】本文主要介绍了庆祝小胜利的重要性，以及说明了具体的原因。【答案】26.D

27.F

28.B

29.C

30.E26.【解析】根据“That’swhycelebratingsmallvictoriescanbesoimportant.”，“Energy”，“Personalandprofessionalgrowth”和“Happiness”可知，此空介绍庆祝小胜利的原因。选项D“庆祝小胜利的原因可以分为以下几个部分。”符合语境。故选D。27.【解析】根据“Onceyoustartexperiencingmoreenergy,youmightnoticefeelingmoreconfidenttocompleteallthosethings—largeandsmall—onyour“todo”list.”可知，此空介绍的内容应该与能量有关，即庆祝小胜利会给自己带来能量。选项F“当你庆祝小小的胜利时，你会给自己一点能量。”符合语境。故选F。28.【解析】根据“Butthesechangescanalsobethemostusefulwhenyou’reonthepathtopersonalandprofessionalgrowthanddevelopment.”可知，此空介绍内容和空后之间为转折关系，应该表示改变比较难。选项B“行为改变可能很困难。”符合语境。故选B。29.【解析】根据“Celebratingyoursmallvictoriesisjustoneofmanywaystotakecareofyourself.”可知，此空介绍照顾好自己的方法。选项C“有很多方法可以照顾好自己。”符合语境。故选C。30.【解析】根据“Itturnsoutthatwhenyouloveyourself,youwillshowothershowyouwanttobetreated.”可知，此空介绍对于自己和他人关系的好处。选项E“它还可以改善与他人的关系。”符合语境。故选E。（2022·云南昆明·统考一模）WhatCanHelpUsWhenWeFail?Failureisapartoflifesinceourearliestmomentoflife.Weoftenthinkoffailureassomethingbad.Butfailureisanormalandnaturalpartoflife.Soitisneitherbadnorgood.____31____·Don’tbeafraidoffailure.____32____Ifweneverfailatsomething,weprobablyhaven’tlearnedallthatlifehastoteachus.Sofailuremeanstakingsomethingawayfromtheexperience.·Neverstoptrying.Tryingorlearningsomethingnewisoftenhalfthebattle(战斗).____33____Youmaygetdisappointedbecauseoffailure.Butifyougiveup,yourprogresswillcometoanend.·____34____Nobodycanbeoursafetynetsallthetimeinourlives.Onlywecanactasourownsafetynets.Soweshouldlearntobeindependentanddoeverythingforourselves.·Don’tlookback.Wespendtoomuchofourliveslookingback.There’snothingbacktheretosee.____35____AndI’msurethatyou’llfindyourselfinabetterposition.根据短文内容，从以下选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.Failureisafriend.B.Don’tgiveuptrying.C.Failureishowwelearn.D.Maybeyouwanttogiveup.E.Learntodependonourselves.F.However,whatcanhelpuswhenwefail?G.Spendmoretimelookingforwardtoyourlifeinthefuture.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从四个方面告诉我们当我们失败的时候可以如何做。【答案】31.F

32.C

33.B

34.E

35.G31.【解析】根据下文的四个小标题“·Don’tbeafraidoffailure.”、“·Neverstoptrying.”、“·_______”、“·Don’tlookback.”可知这里这句应该是能起到承上启下作用的过渡句，且表示“在失败时，有什么可以帮到我们？”的意思。选项F.However,whatcanhelpuswhenwefail?“然而，当我们失败的时候，有什么可以帮到我们？”，符合题意。故选F。32.【解析】根据第二段第二句“Ifweneverfailatsomething,weprobablyhaven’tlearnedallthatlifehastoteachus.”可知如果我们从来没有失败过，我们就学不到生活要教会我们的东西，说明失败就是我们学习的方法。故选C。33.【解析】根据第二个小标题“·Neverstoptrying.”可知这一段是围绕“不要停止尝试”来展开说明的。选项B.Don’tgiveuptrying.“不要放弃尝试。”贴合这一段的主题，符合题意。故选B。34.【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Soweshouldlearntobeindependentanddoeverythingforourselves.”可知我们应该学会独立并且自己的事情自己做。因此这一段的小标题应是表示“学会依靠自己”。选项E.Learntodependonourselves.“学会依靠自己”，符合题意。故选E。35.【解析】根据上一句“There’snothingbacktheretosee.”可知过往没什么好留恋的，因此要学会往前看。选项G.Spendmoretimelookingforwardtoyourlifeinthefuture.“花更多时间来期待你未来的生活。”符合题意。故选G。（2019·云南昆明·中考真题）Somepeopleseemtobebornhappy.Nothingseemstogetthemdown.However,somepeopleseemtohaveeverythinggoingwellbuttheystilldonotseemtobehappy.____36____ListentomusicMusicisgoodforpeople.____37____Lightmusiccanhelpusrelax;somepopmusiccanmakeusfeelhappy.Youcanlistentoit,ortakeupplayinganinstrumentinyoursparetime.HaveapetYoumaynothaveapetofyourown,butpetsaresogoodatmakingpeoplehappy.____38____Somepetsarelovelyandsomeneedexercise,whichishelpfultoyou,too.◆StayfitandhealthyTrytokeepfitandhealthybyexercisingeveryday.___39___Thegreatthingaboutexerciseisthatithelpsrelease(释放)chemicalsandthesechemicalsmakeyoufeelhappy!___40___Oftenitisthesmallthingsthatmakepeoplehappy.Beingkindandsmilingatpeopleinyourdailylifecanmakeothershappy,andatthesametime,itwillalsobuildhappinessforyou.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.BekindandsmileB.BeactiveandhappyC.Exercisecankeepyouhappy.D.Therearedifferentkindsofit.E.Manyreasonscanexplainwhypeopleliketohavepets.F.Onethingisforsurethatmoneycannotmakeapersonhappy.G.Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanbuildhappinessbydoingthefollowing.【导语】文章大意：短文讲了有些人似乎生来就很快乐，似乎没有什么能让他们失望；然而，有些人似乎事事顺利，但他们似乎仍然不快乐。详细的讲述了如何让人保持快乐的一些方法。【答案】36.G

37.D

38.E

39.C

40.A36.【解析】细节推理题。根据前句Somepeopleseemtobebornhappy.Nothingseemstogetthemdown.However,somepeopleseemtohaveeverythinggoingwellbuttheystilldonotseemtobehappy.以及下文所给出的一系列方法，再结合选项可知G选项Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanbuildhappinessbydoingthefollowing.“无论你是谁，你都可以通过做下面的事情来建立快乐。”符合语境，故答案选G。37.【解析】细节推理题。根据后句Lightmusiccanhelpusrelax;somepopmusiccanmakeusfeelhappy.轻音乐可以帮助我们放松；一些流行音乐可以让我们感到快乐。再结合选项可知D选项Therearedifferentkindsofit.“音乐有好多种。”符合语境，故答案选D。38.【解析】细节推理题。根据后句Somepetsarelovelyandsomeneedexercise,whichishelpfultoyou,too.有些宠物很可爱，有些需要锻炼，这对你也有帮助。再结合选项可知E选项Manyreasonscanexplainwhypeopleliketohavepets.“许多原因可以解释为什么人们喜欢养宠物。”符合语境，故答案选E。39.【解析】细节推理题。根据后句Thegreatthingaboutexerciseisthatithelpsrelease(释放)chemicalsandthesechemicalsmakeyoufeelhappy!锻炼的好处在于它有助于释放化学物质，这些化学物质让你感到快乐!再结合选项可知C选项Exercisecankeepyouhappy.“运动能让你快乐。”符合语境，故答案选C。40.【解析】细节推理题。根据后句Oftenitisthesmallthingsthatmakepeoplehappy.Beingkindandsmilingatpeopleinyourdailylifecanmakeothershappy,andatthesametime,itwillalsobuildhappinessforyou.通常是小事情让人快乐，在日常生活中对人和善微笑能让别人快乐，同时也能给你带来快乐。再结合选项可知A选项Bekindandsmile.“友善地微笑。”可以统领全段，符合题意，故答案选A。（2022·九年级河南省模拟测试）Atsunrise,parksandotherpublicareasacrossChinafillupwithpeopledoingTaijiquan.___41___

So,whatexactlyisTaijiquanandwheredoesitcomefrom?Taijiquan,alsoknownasTaiChi,isoneofChina’smostfamoustraditionalformsofmartialarts(武术).Martialartscanbedifferent.TakeShaolinWushuforexample.Ithasacleargoal—towinafight.___42___

Onecarelessmovecancauseseriousinjury(受伤).

___43___

Itfocusesonrelaxedmovements.Anyonewhoisgoodatitisabletomoveeasily,justlikewater.___44___

WudangTaiChiisone.ItissaidtohavebeeninventedbyZhangSanfeng.It’ssaidthatheoncewatchedasnakeandabirdfighting.Hewassoimpressedbytheskillsusedbyeachanimal.Thenhemadeuseofthemtodevelophisownmartialart.It’sourpridethatChina’sTaijiquanhasbeenaddedtoUNESCO’sRepresentativeListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity(非物质文化遗产)inDecember,2020.

___45___根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。A.WhoinventedWudangTaiChi?B.However,Taijiquanisverydifferent.C.Theactionlooksslowandcomfortable.D.TherearedifferentstylesofTaijiquan.E.Themainfocusisondevelopingstrengthandspeed.F.Manythinkit’sasport,whileotherscallitamartialart.G.Sofar,Chinahastoppedthelistintheworldwithatotalof42items.【导语】本文介绍被列入人类非物质文化遗产的武术形式之一太极，它也是中国人晨练的一种方式。文中介绍了少林武术和太极的不同之处，以武当太极为例讲述了太极的风格。【答案】41.F

42.E

43.B

44.D

45.G41.【解析】上文“Atsunrise,parksandotherpublicareasacrossChinafillupwithpeopledoingTaijiquan”人们清晨在公园里打太极；可知，人们把太极作为一种锻炼方式；选项F“很多人认为这是一项运动，而其他人则称之为武术”符合语境。故选F。42.【解析】上文“Ithasacleargoal—towinafight.”少林武术的目的是为了赢得一场战斗，可知，力量和速度是少林武术的重点；选项E“重点是发展力量和速度”符合语境。故选E。43.【解析】上文“少林武术的重点是发展力量和速度”；下文“Itfocusesonrelaxedmovements”太极专注于放松的动作；可知，少林武术和太极不一样。；选项B“然而，太极拳却大不相同”符合语境。故选B。44.【解析】空格在句首是段落的总述句。根据下文“WudangTaiChiisone…”武当太极就是其中之一；可知，太极有多种形式；选项D“太极拳有不同的风格”与语境相符。故选D。45.【解析】上文“It’sourpridethatChina’sTaijiquanhasbeenaddedtoUNESCO’sRepresentativeListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityinDecember,2020”太极被列入人类非物质文化遗产；选项G“到目前为止，中国以42个项目高居世界榜首”承接上文讲述中国列入人类非物质文化遗产取得的成就；故选G。（2020·陕西宝鸡·统考二模）Anoldmanlivedinavillage.Hewasoneoftherudestpeopleintheworld.Thewholevillagewastiredofhim._____46_____Hewasalwayscomplainingandwasalwaysinabadmood(情绪).Whenpeopletriedtocheerhimup,hewouldrudelyturnthemaway.Thelongerhelived,themorebad-temperedhebecame.Peoplestayedawayfromhimbecausehisbadmoodwascontagious(传染性的).Itwasevenunusualandimpolitetofeelhappyaroundhim._______47_______Butoneday—thedayheturned80yearsold,infact—anunbelievablethinghappened.Thevillagerssaidamongthemselves,“Theoldmanishappytoday.Hehasn’tcomplainedaboutanything._____48_____Itissurprisingthatheispolitetoothersandseemstobehappyeveryday.”Thewholevillagewenttoseetheoldman.Oneofthevillagersaskedtheoldman,“Whathappenedtoyou?Whyareyousohappynow?”“Nothingspecialhashappened,infact,”themansaid.“For80yearsI’vebeenlookingforhappiness,butitwasnouse.______49______That’swhyI’mhappynow.”Itisimportanttorealizethatyourmoodcanaffect(影响)themoodsofthosearoundyou.Everyonehasbaddayssometimes.______50______Justtrytoaccepttheirhelp.Willyoufeelhappyifyourfriendsarehappy?Ifyourfriendsaresad,howwillyoufeel?Doyouhaveanywaystocheeryourselfupwhenyoufeelsad?Pleaseshareyourideaswithus.A.Becausehewasalwaysunhappy.B.Heissmilingandhisfacelookskind.C.Iwanttoaffectothersaroundmeandhelpthemalot.D.Ifsomeonetriestocheeryouup,don’tberudetothem.E.Mostofvillagersfelthappywhiletherestfeltsadeveryday.F.AndthenIdecidedtolivewithouthappinessandjustenjoylife.G.Bybehavinglikethis,hemadetherestofthevillagefeelunhappyaswell.【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述的是一个粗鲁的老年人，整天不快乐，也影响了周围的人的情绪，后来终于明白，他一直寻找快乐却没有得到快乐，现在不找了，快乐反而来到身边。我们要管理好自己的情绪，当心情不好时，不要对那些想要帮助你的人无礼。【答案】46.A

47.G

48.B

49.F

50.D46.【解析】根据下文“Hewasalwayscomplainingandwasalwaysinabadmood(情绪).”可知，他总是抱怨，心情不好。推测空格处要表达跟老人情绪有关的句子，选项A“因为他总是不开心。”符合语境。故选A。47.【解析】根据上文“Peoplestayedawayfromhimbecausehisbadmoodwascontagious(传染性的).Itwasevenunusualandimpolitetofeelhappyaroundhim.”可知，因为他的坏心情会传染，所以人们远离他。在他身边感到快乐甚至是不正常和不礼貌的。推测空格处要表达他的情绪影响到了别人，选项G“他这样做，使村里其他人也感到不高兴。”符合语境。故选G。48.【解析】根据上文“Theoldmanishappytoday.Hehasn’tcomplainedaboutanything.”可知，这个老人今天很开心，并且也没有抱怨任何事。推测空格处要表达他的行为举止或者表情神态等表现出他是高兴的，选项B“他面带微笑，脸色和善。”符合语境。故选B。49.【解析】根据上文“For80yearsI’vebeenlookingforhappiness,butitwasnouse.”可知，80年来，老人一直寻找幸福，但却没有用。根据下文“That’swhyI’mhappynow.”可知，老人现在很开心。推测空格处应该是要表达老人换了一种心态生活或者换了一种生活方式，选项F“然后我决定过没有幸福的生活，享受生活。”符合语境。故选F。50.【解析】根据上文“Everyonehasbaddayssometimes”可知，每个人都有心情不好的时候。又根据下文“Justtrytoaccepttheirhelp.”可知，我们要接受他人的帮助。推测空格处要承上启下，既要提到“心情不好”，又要提到“接受他人的帮助”，选项D“如果有人想让你高兴起来，不要对他们无礼。”符合语境。故选D。（2021·陕西·模拟预测）TheDoubleNinthFestivalisaspecialdayforoldpeopleinChina.Itstartedlongago.__51__Activitiesareheldtoshowloveandrespect(尊敬)tooldpeople.RespectingoldpeopleisatraditioninChina.That’sbecausetheChineseknowthatolderpeoplehaveknowledgeandexperiencethatyoungpeoplecanlearn.__52__Whenanolderpersonentersaroom,everyonestandsup.Peopleareintroducedfromtheoldesttotheyoungest.Whenwepresentsomethingtoanolderperson,bothhandsareused.__53__Inwesterncountries,however,olderpeopleseldomthinktheyareold.__54__They’dratherdoeverythingthemselves.Evenafterretirement(退休),theytakeuphobbies,part-timejobsandnewactivitiestokeeptheirbodiesworkingwell.Butofcourseamongwesterners,olderpeoplearerespected,too.Usually,seniorsdon’thavetobuyticketsfortrainsorbuses.Theyaregivendiscount(折扣)instoresandrestaurants.__55__Forholidays,thefamiliesusuallymeetattheirgrandparents’home,andagreatsmileandawarmhugfortheirparentsareenoughforgrown-upchildrentoshowtheirrespect.A.Thefestivalhasashorthistory.B.ThefestivalisonlunarSeptember9th.C.Oldpeopleneedmorerespectinwesterncountries.D.Theyarecalled“seniors”insteadof“oldpeople”.E.Butwesternseniorsdon’toftenlivewiththeirchildren.F.TherearemanywaysinwhichChinesepeopleexpresstheirrespecttotheold.G.Youngpeoplealwaysoffertheirseatstoolderpeopleonacrowdedsubwayorbus.【导语】在中国，重阳节对老人来说是个特殊的节日。文章由此引出东西方国家敬老的不同方式。【答案】51.B

52.F

53.G

54.D

55.E51.【解析】根据“TheDoubleNinthFestivalisaspecialdayforoldpeopleinChina.”提到重阳节，可推出下文要说明重阳节的日期。B项“这个节日在农历的九月初九。”符合语境。故选B。52.【解析】根据“Whenanolderpersonentersa