定语从名专题

RevisionRelativeclausesUnderlinetherelativeclauses:

Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.

曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。语法讲解

定语从句（theattributiveclause）

☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”☆定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，而非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开。考点与难点归纳1.关系词的选择2.that与which3.对theway的考查4.介词+关系词5.as的使用6.与其他从句对比考点难点1.关系词的选择2.that与which关系代词：who,whom,that,whose，

which,as

关系副词：

where、when、why定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)从属关系whose(定语)考点一:关系词的选择

如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词

做题技巧?先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分，即先行词在句子中充当的成分。考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词

1.首先判断从句是否是一个完整的句子。2如果从句是一个完整的句子，用

。3.如果从句不完整，把先行词代入从句，如果可以直接充当主语，宾语或者定语，用

；如果不能直接充当主语宾语（比如少介词）则用

。关系副词关系代词关系副词1.首先判断从句是否是一个完整的句子。

2如果从句是一个完整的句子，用关系副词

3.如果从句不完整，把先行词代入从句，如果可以直接充当主语或者宾语或定语，用关系代词

如果不能直接充当主语宾语（比如少介词）则用关系副词Iwillneverforgetthedays(______Istayedwithyou).when____Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).________whyMorningisthebesttime______(youpractisereadingaloud)._________whenDoyourememberthelake_____(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）___________where1.首先判断从句是否是一个完整的句子。

2如果从句是一个完整的句子，用关系副词

3.如果从句不完整，把先行词代入从句，如果可以直接充当主语或者宾语或定语，用关系代词

如果不能直接充当主语宾语（比如少介词）则用关系副词

1.Heistheman_______________Imetintheparkyesterday.2.Anurseisaperson_________looksaftersickpeople.3.Aclockisamachine______________tellspeoplethetime.4.The

man________legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.（后面紧跟一个名词，且不带冠词）that/whichwho/that(whom/that/不填)whose如果关系代词在从句中充当宾语，可省略1.首先判断从句是否是一个完整的句子。

2如果从句是一个完整的句子，用关系副词

3.如果从句不完整，把先行词代入从句，如果可以直接充当主语或者宾语或定语，用关系代词。如果不能直接充当主语宾语，则用关系副词

Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive)._______whereinwhichThehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.whichthat/______Luckilynoneofthepeople_____(Iknow)werekilledintheearthquake.whowhomthat/_____Myfatherwasbornintheyear______(theSecondWorldWarbrokeout)._________________________inwhichwhen（live是一个不及物动词）如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。

1.Thisisthehouse_______helivedwhenhewasachild.

2.Thisisthehouse_______wevisitedlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.inwhereD.where

DA对比训练1.Iwillneverforgetthe

days

westaytogetherintheuniversity1.Iwillneverforgetthedays

wespendtogetherintheuniversityA.whichB.whoC.onwhenD.whenDAThisisthereason

hewaslateforschoolyesterday.Thisisthereason

hegavetomeforhisbeinglateyesterday.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.whoAC考点二：that和which的选择①当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，theone时。你应上交你所有的一切。Youshouldhandinall/everything

thatyouhave.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。②当先行词前面被theonly，thevery（正是这一个/那一个），any，few，little，no等词修饰时。。这就是我感兴趣的那本书。Thisistheverybook

thatIaminterestedin.3.③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。英语是我学过的最有趣的一个学科。Englishisthemostinterestingsubject

that

I’veeverlearned.④当先行词既有人又有物时。Doyouknowthethingsandpersons

thattheyaretalkingabout?你知道他们正在讨论的人和事吗？⑤当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whichisthebikethatyoulost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？⑥当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.上海已不再是过去的上海了。小明已经不是过去的那个他了。Xiaomingisnolongertheperson

thatheusedtobe.(2)定语从句中必须用which的情况：①在非限制性定语从句中，只用which，不用that。Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers，whichmadetheothersenvyhim.海伦对她的小儿子比对其他人好，这使其他人羡慕他。Ilikethebook,whichwasboughtyesterday.

which在非限制性定语从句中，先行词可以是一个词也可以是一个前面的整个句子②当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which，不用that。ThisisahouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。介词加关系代词，指物只用which，指人只用whom。1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点二：that与which1.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife.(上海)A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who高考链接2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild.

(NMET)A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when

3.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.(NMET)A.until B.thatC.when D.where

HomeworkFinishthetranslationwith

relativeclauses这是我昨天看的电影。这里是两张我从电影中截取出来的照片。这部电影的名字是Titanic。你在图片中看到的这两个人叫做Jack和Rose。

Titanic这艘船就是他们相遇的地方。Jack和Rose是在电影中深爱对方的男女主角。①ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.③ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.④ThemanandthewomanwhomyouseeinthepictureareJackandLucy.

②Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.6.JackandLucyaretheheroandtheheroinewholovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.⑤

Titanicistheshipwheretheymeteachother.1.Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC对比训练ThoughIcan’tremembereverything____happenedduringthetimeinuniversity,Istillremembersomepeopleandthings

_____

wererelatedtoMissBrown,_____usedtobemonitorinourclass.Ifyouwanttoknowwhothelady_____Ireferredtoinmydiaryis,Icantellyouit’sher,MissBrown.Hereisastory______makesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,______wewouldlookforwardto.Wewenttothebiggestbookshop______

thereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.There,Shepersuadedmetoreadthegrammarbooks______couldoffermeknowledgeofgrammarandbuyadictionary_______Icouldlookupthenewwordsin.MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooksasIdid.Justwhenweleftthebookshopandwerereadytogobacktoouruniversity,abigmanstoppedusandrobbedmeofmynecklace.I’llneverforgetthattime______

MissBrowntriedherbesttohelpmeandlostoneofherfingers.TrytofillintheblanksThoughIcan’tremembereverything____happenedduringthetimeinuniversity,Istillremembersomepeopleandthings

_____

wererelatedtoMissBrown,_____usedtobemonitorinourclass.Ifyouwanttoknowwhothelady_____Ireferredtoinmydiaryis,Icantellyouit’sher,MissBrown.Hereisastory____

__makesmeremember