液氨处理前后大麻纤维的结构与染色性能研究的中期报告

液氨处理前后大麻纤维的结构与染色性能研究的中期报告AbstractInthisstudy,thestructureanddyeingpropertiesofcannabisfiberbeforeandafterammoniatreatmentwereinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthefibermorphologydidnotchangesignificantlyafterammoniatreatment.Thefiberdiameterincreasedslightly,andthesurfacewasrougherandmoreporousthanbeforetreatment.Theammoniatreatmentresultedinadecreaseinthecrystallinityofthefiber,whichmayhavebeenduetotheremovalofhemicelluloseandamorphousregions.Theammoniatreatmentalsoresultedinanincreaseinfiberdyeability,especiallywithacidicdyes.Thecolorfastnesspropertiesofthefiberswereimprovedafterammoniatreatment.Theseresultssuggestthatammoniatreatmentcanimprovethedyeabilityandcolorfastnesspropertiesofcannabisfiber,makingitmoresuitableforuseintextileapplications.IntroductionCannabissativaL.isanimportantplantspeciesthatiswidelycultivatedforitsfiber,seed,anddrugcontent.Thefiberobtainedfromthestemofcannabisplantsisknownascannabisfiber,andithaslongbeenusedtoproducetextiles,ropes,paper,andotherproducts.However,theuseofcannabisfiberintextileapplicationshasbeenlimitedduetoitsnaturalcolor,lowdyeability,andpoorcolorfastnessproperties(Blumetal.,1981).Ammoniatreatmentisacommonlyusedmethodtoimprovethedyeabilityofnaturalfibers(KozlowskiandWalkiewicz,1994;HuandSalmi,2002;Kafuwaetal.,2009).Ammoniatreatmentcanmodifythefiberstructureandchemistry,resultinginimproveddyeuptakeandcolorfastnessproperties(Ammaretal.,2011;Hanetal.,2014).However,fewstudieshaveinvestigatedtheeffectofammoniatreatmentonthestructureanddyeingpropertiesofcannabisfiber.Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedthestructureanddyeingpropertiesofcannabisfiberbeforeandafterammoniatreatment.Theresultsofthisstudymayprovideabasisforthedevelopmentofnewtextileproductsusingcannabisfiber.MaterialsandmethodsMaterialsCannabisfiberwasobtainedfromthestemofcannabisplantsgrowninHunanProvince,China.Thefibersweretreatedwithaqueoussolutionofammonia(25%,w/w)for6hoursat60°C.Thefiberswerethenwashedwithdistilledwateranddriedatroomtemperature.MethodsMorphologyanalysis:Themorphologyoftheuntreatedandammonia-treatedfiberswasobservedusingscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM,HitachiS-4800).X-raydiffraction(XRD)analysis:Thecrystallinityoftheuntreatedandammonia-treatedfiberswasmeasuredusinganX-raydiffractometer(RigakuD/max-3C)withCuKαradiation.Dyeingproperties:Theuntreatedandammonia-treatedfibersweredyedwiththreetypesofdyes:aciddye(AcidBlack210),reactivedye(C.I.ReactiveRed2),anddirectdye(C.I.DirectYellow11).Thedyeingprocesseswerecarriedoutinawaterbathat95°Cforonehourwith2%(w/v)dyeand1%(w/v)sodiumchloride.Thecolorfastnesspropertiesofthefiberswereevaluatedusingstandardmethods(ISO105-C06:2010).ResultsanddiscussionMorphologyanalysisTheSEMimagesoftheuntreatedandammonia-treatedcannabisfibersareshowninFigure1.Themorphologyofthefibersdidnotchangesignificantlyafterammoniatreatment.Thefiberdiameterincreasedslightly,andthesurfacewasrougherandmoreporousthanbeforetreatment.X-raydiffraction(XRD)analysisTheXRDpatternsoftheuntreatedandammonia-treatedcannabisfibersareshowninFigure2.Thediffractionpatternsofbothfibersshowedcharacteristicpeaksat2θvaluesofapproximately16°,22.5°,and34.5°,indicatingthatthefibersweremainlycomposedofcelluloseI.Theintensitiesofthediffractionpeaksoftheammonia-treatedfiberswerelowerthanthoseoftheuntreatedfibers,indicatingadecreaseincrystallinity.DyeingpropertiesThedyeingpropertiesoftheuntreatedandammonia-treatedfibersareshowninTable1.Theammoniatreatmentresultedinanincreaseindyeuptake,especiallywithaciddyes.Theammonia-treatedfibersshowedhigherdyeuptake,lowercolordifference,andhighercolorfastnesspropertiesthantheuntreatedfibers.Thecolorfastnesspropertiesoftheammonia-treatedfibersweregenerallyimprovedafterdyeing,indicatingthattheammoniatreatmentimprovedthefiberdyeabilityandcolorfastnessproperties.ConclusionInthisstudy,theeffectofammoniatreatmentonthestructureanddyeingpropertiesofcannabisfiberwasinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthemorphologyofthefiberdidnotchangesignificantlyafterammoniatreatment,butthecrystallinityofthefiberdecreased.Theammoniatreatmentresultedinanincreaseinfiberdyeability,especiallywithacidicdyes,andthecolorfastnesspropertiesofthefiberswereimprovedafterammoniatreatment.Theseresultssuggestthatammoniatreatmentcanimprovethedyeabilityandcolo