山西省大同市云冈区汇林中学2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题

大同市云冈区中学20232024学年高一上学期期中英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号和班级填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用的黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。4.考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。一、阅读理解(每小题3分，共42分)PasangLhamuSherpaAkitaisanelite(精英)climberandhasclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori(thesecondhighestmountintheworld).In2016,shewaschosenasNationalGeographic’sAdventureroftheYear.Sincethebirthofherson,herclimbinghastakenabackseat,butshewouldliketosetouttoinspirehim.Pasangisaskilledclimber,havingclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori.Buttogetthereshehadtoovereunbelievableadversity,asinSherpacultureclimbingisseenasamaleactivity.Peoplewouldsaysheshouldn’tbewithmenandclimbthatrock.Thenwhenshehadherfirstchild,EichanNurbu,shefacedfreshchallengesbecauseshewasexpectedtostayathomeandlookafterhimasthiswasviewedasthemother’sresponsibility.It’sdifficultforhertobalance(平衡)thiswiththeclimbing.ButPasangsaidthatshewantedtoinspirehersonandshowhimthatheshouldfollowhisdreams,soonhissecondbirthday,November14,2019,sheclimbedCholatse—a6,440meterhighmountainintheQomolangmaregion.Pasangsaid,“Ilearnedsomanythingsfrommymother.Shewassingle.Sheraisedtwokidsbyherself.Sheneverwenttoschool.Fromher,Isawhowawomancanbestrong.Ihavebigrespectforallthemothers,becausethemothersareverystrong.They’realwaystherefortheirchildren.Theysacrifice(牺牲)theirdreamsforchildren.Everybodyshouldhavetheirdreams.Now,I’mamother,butI’mstillhavingmydreams.Everybodyhasarighttorealizetheirdreams.Mostimportantly,Iwanttoinspiremysontofollowhisdreams.”1.WhydidPasangdecidetostartanotherclimbin2019?A.Tofindaneliteclimber.B.Tomakealivingbyclimbing.C.Toshareexperiencewithothers.D.Tobeanencouragementtoherson.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adversity”inparagraph2mean?A.Difficulty. B.Forgetfulness. C.Help. D.Curiosity.3.WhatwasPasang’snewchallengeafterherfirstchild’sbirth?A.Learningtolookafterhersonathome.B.Balancinghernewrolewithherdream.C.Facingpetitionwithmeninclimbing.D.petingwithothersintheQomolangmaregion.4.WhatdoesPasang’sstorymainlytellus?A.Thereisnoendtolife.B.Mumisthebestintheworld.C.Everyoneshouldsticktohisorherdream.D.It’simportanttosacrificedreamsforchildren.【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。帕桑拉木克服世俗看法，成为精英攀岩者，并在生育孩子之后仍然坚持自己梦想，以此激励自己的孩子以及世人：每个人都有实现梦想的权利，都应该坚持自己的梦想。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“ButPasangsaidthatshewantedtoinspirehersonandshowhimthatheshouldfollowhisdreams,soonhissecondbirthday,November14,2019,sheclimbedCholatse—a6,440meterhighmountainintheQomolangmaregion.(但帕桑说，她想激励儿子，告诉他应该追随自己的梦想，所以在儿子两岁生日那天，也就是2019年11月14日，她爬上了珠穆朗玛峰地区6440米高的Cholatse山。)”可知，为了鼓励儿子追逐梦想，帕桑决定在2019年开始另一次攀登。故选D项。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第一、二句“Pasangisaskilledclimber,havingclimbedMountQomolangmaandChogori.Buttogetthereshehadtoovereunbelievableadversity,asinSherpacultureclimbingisseenedasamaleactivity(帕桑是一名熟练的登山者，曾攀登过珠穆朗玛峰和乔哥里山。但为了到达那里，她必须克服难以置信的adversity，因为在夏尔巴人的文化中，攀岩被视为男性的活动)”可知，帕桑作为一名女性登山者，要克服世俗的影响，所以她面对着很大的困难。adversity意为“困难”，与Difficulty意思相近。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Thenwhenshehadherfirstchild,EichanNurbu,shefacedfreshchallengesbecauseshewasexpectedtostayathomeandlookafterhimasthiswasviewedasthemother’sresponsibility.It’sdifficultforhertobalance(平衡)thiswiththeclimbing.(当她有了第一个孩子EichanNurbu时，她面临着新的挑战，因为她被要求呆在家里照顾孩子，因为这被视为母亲的责任。对她来说，在攀岩和这之间保持平衡是很困难的。)”可知，帕桑在第一个孩子出生之后面临的新的挑战是平衡她的新角色和她的梦想。故选B项。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后四句“Everybodyshouldhavetheirdreams.Now,I’mamother,butI’mstillhavingmydreams.Everybodyhasarighttorealizetheirdreams.Mostimportantly,Iwanttoinspiremysontofollowhisdreams.(每个人都应该有自己的梦想。现在，我是一个母亲，但我仍然有我的梦想。每个人都有实现梦想的权利。最重要的是，我想激励我的儿子去追逐他的梦想。)”可知，帕桑的故事主要告诉了我们每个人都应该坚持自己的梦想。故选C项。Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavebeenfascinatedbydolphins.Dolphinshavedevelopedanumberofsimilarpersonalityqualitiestohumans’,suchascuriosityandsociability,despitehavingdevelopedinvastlydifferentenvironments,researchershavefound.Recently,aBritishresearchteamfinishedaneightyearstudyofIndoPacificdolphinsoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Thesedolphinscanusedifferenttoolstosearchforfood.Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtowalkwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.Otherparts,likefamilyclosenessorsex,havenoimpactonthisrelationship.“Itsuggeststhatdolphinsformsocialrelationshipbasedonsharedinterests,”UKbiologistSimonsaid.Apartfromdolphins,elephants,horsesandbatsarealsoknowntoformfriendships.Arefriendshipsonlylimitedtothesamespecies?Ofcoursenot.In2015,agoatTimurwasoriginallyleftinthetigerAmur’senclosure(围场)asameal.ButinsteadofeatingTimur,AmurlikestoplaywithTimur.Scientistssaidit’snotunusualamongcaptive(圈禁的)animals.That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirkingdomorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’slovetoengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingdolphin’scharacters?A.Dolphinsprefertohuntforfoodingroups.B.Dolphinstendtomakefriendslikehumans.C.Dolphinsaremorecuriousthanhumanbeings.D.Dolphinsmakefriendsbasedonfamilycloseness.6.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Showingcaptiveanimalsarefriendlierthanothers.B.Explainingwhycaptiveanimalscanformfriendship.C.Describinghowdifferentanimalsgetalongwithoneanother.D.paringdifferencesbetweenagoatandatiger’sfriendship.【答案】5.B6.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究成果——动物之间也会根据相同的爱好交朋友。5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Dolphinshavedevelopedanumberofsimilarpersonalityqualitiestohumans’,suchascuriosityandsociability,(海豚已经养成了许多与人类相似的性格特征，如好奇心和社交能力)”以及“Theresearchersfoundthatthesedolphinsaremorewillingtowalkwithpartnersthatlikethesametool.(研究人员发现，这些海豚更愿意与喜欢相同工具的伙伴一起散步)”可推知，通过介绍海豚的特征，作者想要展示海豚倾向于像人类一样交朋友。故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“That’sbecauseincaptivity,animalsdon’tneedtospendmuchtimeandenergymarkingtheirkingdomorlookingformatesthewaytheywouldinthewild.Theyareactuallymorelikelytofeelbored.Inthisparticularsituation,theanimal’slovetoengagesociallyandplayfullymaybehigherthaneating.(这是因为在圈养环境中，动物不需要像在野外那样花费太多时间和精力来标记自己的王国或寻找配偶。实际上，它们更容易感到无聊。在这种特殊情况下，动物对社交和娱乐的喜爱程度可能高于进食)”可知，本段主要解释了圈养动物可以形成友谊的原因。故选B项。Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef.Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral(珊瑚).Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonlyonepercentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine(海洋的)lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefs(暗礁)havemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Thisstatistic(数据)isdepressingsoit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsapleteecosystemhasledmetotakeaction.I’vebeeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobepartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.7.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1?A.Heseldomwentsailingatthesea.B.Heforgothisexperiencesabouttheocean.C.Heneverwentbacktohishometown.D.HehadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay.8.WhatisAustralianmarinelifelikeaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.ItisescapingfromtheCoralSeagradually.B.Itdependsonreefsforlivinggreatly.C.Itmaybefacedwithdanger.D.Itisprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans.9.WhatistheaimoftheProtectOurCoralSeaactivity?A.Tocontributetoapleteecosystem.B.Topreventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangered.C.Tosetupalargenaturereserveforreefs.D.Toraisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness.10.WhydoAngusandtheauthorcreatealittlevideo?A.Toaskmorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespecies.B.Toinspiremorepeopletostudythesecretoftheocean.C.Tosharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean.D.Tobringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies.【答案】7.D8.C9.B10.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在澳大利亚长大，喜欢海洋的美丽和众多的海洋生物。当得知澳大利亚海洋生物面临危险时，作者采取行动，参与了“保护珊瑚海”活动，并号召更多人保护海洋物种。

【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Idon'tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn'tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.(我想在我的记忆中，没有哪一段时间我没有意识到海洋的美丽。我在澳大利亚长大，幸运的是有大海在我身边。)”可知，作者一直都觉得海洋很美丽，在澳大利亚长大，很幸运身边有大海。结合下文内容中，作者描述了澳大利亚美丽的海洋和动植物，由此推知作者到达HalfMoonBay后感受到了它的美，对HalfMoonBay有美好的印象。故选D。

【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia'sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.(当我得知澳大利亚只有百分之一的珊瑚海受到保护时，我很震惊。)”和“Butsadly,only45%oftheworld'sreefsareconsideredhealthy.(但可悲的是，世界上只有45%的珊瑚礁被认为是健康的。)”可知，作者很震惊澳大利亚只有1%的珊瑚海受到保护，得知世界上只有45%的珊瑚礁被认为是健康的，作者感到难过。由此推知澳大利亚海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C。

【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“I’vebeeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean'sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.(我参与了“保护我们的珊瑚海”活动，该活动旨在创建世界上最大的海洋公园。它将成为海洋物种永远安全的地方。)”可知，该活动旨在创建世界上最大的海洋公园，使之成为海洋物种永远安全的地方，防止更多海洋物种濒临灭绝。故选B。

【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobepartofthemovement.(Angus和我一起制作了一个小视频，我们希望它能激励人们成为这个活动的一部分。)”可知，作者和Angus制作了一个小视频，希望它能激励人们成为“保护珊瑚海”活动的一部分，敦促更多的人采取行动来保护海洋物种，防止更多海洋物种濒临灭绝。故选A。

Whatyoudoafterstudyingcouldhaveabigeffectonhowwellyoulearnandremember.TodayonEducationTips,wewillexploretwonocostwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning:wakefulrestandsleep.Whenmanystudentsfinishstudying,theyoftengostraighttoanotheractivity.Perhapstheylookattheirphoneorputer.Theymightevenplayavideogameorwatchtelevision.Butresearchsuggeststhatrestingafteryourstudymayhelpyourememberwhatyouhavestudied.Thebasicideaisthis:bystoppingyouractivityafterthestudy,yourbraingetsachancetorest.Restingisdifficultwhenyouareplayingputergames.Whilethismightsoundunusualtoyou,manystudieshaveexploredthebenefitsofrestingafterlearning—whatiscalled“wakefulrest”.A2019studyfoundthatbothyoungandolderadultswereabletobetterrememberinformationtheylearnedafterdoingwakefulrest.Ifyouwanttogive“wakefulrest”atry,hereareafewsimplethingstodo.Restquietlyforfivetotenminutes.Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Itisreallythateasy!Besideswakefulrest,sleepisalsoimportantforlearning.TheDivisionofSleepMedicineatHarvardMedicalSchool(HMS)notesthatsleephelpspeopletolearnintwoways.Areportontheschool’swebsiteexplainsthat“asleepdeprivedpersoncannotfocusattentionwellandthereforecannotlearnwell”.Italsosays,“Sleepitselfhelpsustomemorizeandthatmemorizingisveryimportantforlearningnewinformation.”TheNationalSleepFoundation(NSF)suggeststhatadultsbetweentheagesof20and64getbetween7and9hoursofsleepperday.Teenagersmayneedalittlebitmore,andpeopleovertheageof65mayneedalittleless.Trytogetsome“wakefulrest”afterastudy.Thentrytogetagoodnight’ssleep.That’sit—asimple,nocostwaytohelpyourememberwhatyoulearn.11.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofsleep. B.Thegoodwaystogetarest.C.Thereasonforhavingarest. D.Thetypesofrestingactivities.12Whichactivitymightberemendedshortlyafterstudying?A.Readinganewspaper. B.Playingavideogame.C.Sittingtheredoingnothing. D.Havinganicesleepatnight.13.HowlongshouldteenagerssleepeachdayaccordingtoNSF?A.Lessthan7hours. B.Just7hours.C.Nomorethan9hours. D.Around9hours.14.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LowcostTipsonWorking B.GoodThingstoDoAfterYourStudyC.WhyDoWeNeedtoHaveaGoodSleep? D.HowLongShouldWeRestAfterLearning?【答案】11.C12.C13.D14.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式，指在学习后停止活动，让大脑有机会休息，从而能更好地记住所学信息。介绍了这一休息方式的操作方式，除了清醒式休息，睡眠对学习也很重要，介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和成年人合适的睡眠时间。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thebasicideaisthis:bystoppingyouractivityafterthestudy,yourbraingetsachancetorest.Restingisdifficultwhenyouareplayingputergames.”(其基本思想是：在学习结束后停止活动，你的大脑就有机会休息。当你玩电脑游戏时，休息就很困难)可知，第三段的主要内容是休息的原因。故选C项。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Ifyouwanttogive‘wakefulrest’atry,hereareafewsimplethingstodo.Restquietlyforfivetotenminutes.Donotlookatyourphone,readstoriesorplaygames.Itisreallythateasy!”(如果你想尝试一下“清醒式休息”，这里有一些简单的事情可以做。安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看你的，读故事或玩游戏。真的很简单！)可知，C选项“Sittingtheredoingnothing.（坐在那里什么也不做）”属于“清醒式休息”，这一活动在学习后可能会被推荐。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheNationalSleepFoundation(NSF)suggeststhatadultsbetweentheagesof20and64getbetween7and9hoursofsleepperday.Teenagersmayneedalittlebitmore,andpeopleovertheageof65mayneedalittleless.”(国家睡眠基金会建议20到64岁的成年人每天要睡7到9个小时。青少年可能需要多一点，65岁以上的人可能需要少一点)可知，根据国家睡眠基金会的说法，青少年每天的睡眠时间应稍微多于成人的7—9小时，所以9小时左右是青少年合理睡眠时间。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whatyoudoafterstudyingcouldhaveabigeffectonhowwellyoulearnandremember.TodayonEducationTips,wewillexploretwonocostwaysthatcanhelpyouimproveyourlearning:wakefulrestandsleep.”(学习后做什么对你的学习和记忆有很大的影响。在今天的教育小贴士中，我们将探索两种免费的方法来帮助你提高你的学习：清醒式休息和睡眠),结合文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式，指在学习后停止活动，让大脑有机会休息，从而能更好地记住所学信息。除了清醒式休息，睡眠对学习也很重要，介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和各年龄段人合适的睡眠时间。由此可知，B选项“GoodThingstoDoAfterYourStudy（学习后要做的事情）”是对文章内容最好的概括。故选B项。二、七选五(每小题2分，共10分)Lifeisaconstant(不断的)exerciseinselfimprovement.Intherushtoachieve,theideaofbeing“better”canbeelostsometimes.____15____.Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.____16____.Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.Soit’softennecessarytobepatientandtrymanythingsbeforeyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Registerinaclassyou’reinterestedin.Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.____17____.Determiningwhoyouenjoybeingaroundmayhelpyouknowwhatyou’llenjoy.Dowhatyoulove.Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyoumake,youwillnotbehappyifyouspendyourentirelifedoingsomethingyouhate.It’simportanttoatleastdevotesomeofyourtimetowhatmakesyouhappy.____18____,considerwhy.It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.Experiencesomethingnew.Researchhasshownthatwhenwe’reinourfortzone(舒适区),wearen’tasproductiveaswearewhenwestepjustbeyondit.Humanadaptsveryquicklytopositiveevents.Becauseofthat,wemayreactslowlytoourownpositiveexperiences.It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.____19____.A.ExploreyourtalentsB.DoingsocanhelpyouachievemoreC.Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjobD.YoumayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourselfE.ButsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbeF.SimilartypesofpeoplemaybeattractedtothesameactivitiessingG.Trynottoallowyourselftofocussomuchonacertainaspectofyourlife【答案】15.D16.A17.E18.C19.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍持续自我提升的一些办法。【15题详解】空后说“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreamsinaneasierway.Herearesometipsforyou.(你想用更简单的方式实现你的梦想。这里有一些给你的建议。)”，D选项“Youmayalwayswonderhowtoimproveyourself(你可能总是想知道如何提高自己)”和空后的“Andyouwanttofulfillyourdreams”相呼应，并引出后文的建议，点明了这些建议是重要的，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。【16题详解】空格处是小标题，根据后文“Everybodyhassomeoutstandingskillsorinterests.(每个人都有一些突出的技能或兴趣。)”可知，本段主要介绍探索个人天赋的过程。A选项“Exploreyourtalents(探索你的才能)”概括了空格下方两段的内容，因此可作为这部分的小标题，故选A。【17题详解】根据前文“Forexample,peoplelovingadventuremaynotbeinterestedinthequietchessclub.(例如，喜欢冒险的人可能对安静的国际象棋俱乐部不感兴趣。)”可知，那些喜欢探险的人可能对安静的棋类俱乐部不感兴趣，但是那些喜欢安静活动的人可能就喜欢，E选项“Butsomeonewhoenjoysotherquietactivitiesmightbe(但喜欢其他安静活动的人可能会)”说明了喜欢安静活动的人可能就会喜欢国际象棋，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】空后说“It’spossiblethatsomechangesmaychangeyourfeeling.Ifyoufeelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues,considerfindinganotherjob.(有些变化可能会改变你的感觉。如果你觉得你的工作没有意义，或者不符合你的价值观，考虑换一份工作。)”，说明你可能不喜欢你的工作，C选项“Ifyou’reparticularlyunhappyatyourjob(如果你对工作特别不满意)”说明了你不喜欢工作，和后文的“feelyourjobisn’tmeaningful,orisn’tinlinewithyourvalues(觉得你的工作没有意义，或者不符合你的价值观)”相一致，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】空前说“It’simportanttohavenewexperiencesandinteractionswithothers,evenwhenthosearealittlescary.(拥有新的经历和与他人的互动是很重要的，即使这些事情有点可怕。)”，B选项“Doingsocanhelpyouachievemore(这样做可以帮助你获得更多)”说明了拥有新的经历和与他人的互动的好处，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。三、完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)OnaFriday____20____,apooryoungartiststoodatthegateofthesubwaystation,playinghisviolin.Themusicwas____21____,andmanypeople____22____andputsomemoneyintothe____23____oftheyoungman.Thenextnight,theyoungartisttookoutalargepieceof____24____andlaiditontheground.Thenhebegan____25____.Themusicsoundedmorepleasant.Somepeoplegatheredandtheyfoundthe____26____onthatpaper.“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)____27____thingintomyhat.Pleaseetogetitback.”Whenthepeoplesawthat,theyfeltverycuriousandbeganto____28____whatitcouldbe.Afterabouthalfanhour,aman____29____thereinahurryandsaid,“Itcan’tbetrue！You...you...”Theyoungviolinistasked,“Didyou____30____something?”“Lottery(彩票).”themananswered____31____.Theviolinisttookoutalotteryticket.“Isit？”heasked.Themanwastoo____32____tosayaword...GeorgeSang____33____alotteryticketafewdaysago.Theawards(奖)openedyesterdayandhewon$500,000.Soluckyandexciteddidhefeelthathe____34____50dollarsandputitinthehatwhenhearingthemusic.However,thelotteryticketwasalsothrownintothehatwithoutbeingnoticed.Theviolinistfoundthelotteryticket.Thinkingthattheownerwould____35____tolookforit,hecamebacktowherehewasgiventhelotteryticket.Someoneaskedtheviolinist____36____hereturnedthelotterytickettotheman.Hesaid,“____37____Idon’thavemuch____38____,Ilivehappily;butifIlose____39____,Iwon’tbehappyforever.”20.A.morning B.afternoon C.noon D.night21.A.quiet B.beautiful C.familiar D.exciting22A.sloweddown B.speededup C.passedby D.wentaway23.A.wallet B.bag C.hat D.box24.A.paper B.glass C.plastic D.cloth25.A.working B.waiting C.singing D.playing26.A.poems B.articles C.words D.texts27.A.important B.fantastic C.dangerous D.interesting28.A.argue B.care C.expect D.guess29.A.came B.rushed C.walked D.left30.A.get B.find C.forget D.lose31.A.quickly B.anxiously C.seriously D.carefully32.A.confused B.anxious C.excited D.surprised33.A.bought B.made C.found D.sold34.A.handedout B.tookout C.huntedfor D.pickedup35.A.forget B.remember C.return D.pick36.A.where B.why C.when D.how37.A.If B.While C.Because D.Although38.A.money B.food C.time D.luck39.A.friendship B.hope C.love D.honesty【答案】20.D21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一个年轻艺术家在街头卖艺，意外收到一张彩票，他并没有据为己有，而是将其归还它的主人。年轻艺术家说，没有了诚实，会永远不快乐。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：星期五的傍晚，一个贫穷的年轻艺人仍然像往常一样站在地铁站门口，专心致志地拉着他的小提琴。A.morning上午；B.afternoon下午；C.noon中午；D.night晚上。从第二段“Thenextnight”，可知年轻人是晚上在街头卖艺。故选D项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A.quiet安静的；B.beautiful美妙的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据句中“andmanypeople___3___andputsomemoneyintothe___4___oftheyoungman.”可知，他的音乐吸引了很多人，一定是美妙的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A.sloweddown放慢速度；B.speededup加快；C.passedby路过；D.wentaway走开。根据下文“putsomemoneyintothe___4___oftheyoungman.”可知，人们被美妙的音乐吸引放慢脚步投钱进他的帽子。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐优美动听，许多人都放慢脚步，时不时地往年轻艺人跟前的礼帽里放一些钱。A.wallet钱包；B.bag包；C.hat帽子；D.box盒子。根据第三段“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)8thingintomyhat.”可知，钱是投入他的帽子里的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天晚上，年轻的艺术家拿出一张大纸，把它放在地上。A.paper纸；B.glass玻璃；C.plastic塑料；D.cloth布料。根据第三段“Somepeoplegatheredandtheyfoundthe7onthatpaper.”可知可知年轻人在地上铺了一张纸，在上面写了一些字。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始演奏。A.working工作；B.waiting等待；C.singing唱歌；D.playing演奏。根据下文“Themusicsoundedmorepleasant.”可知，他开始演奏音乐。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的话。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回去”。A.poems诗歌；B.articles文章；C.words话，句子；D.texts课文。根据句中“onthatpaper”和下文“Lastnight,agentlemanputa(n)___6___thingintomyhat.Pleaseetogetitback.”可知，年轻的艺术家在纸上写了几句话。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人聚集在一起，他们发现了那张纸上的话。“昨天晚上，一位先生在我的礼帽里放了一件很重要的东西。请来把它拿回去”。A.important重要的；B.fantastic迷人的；C.dangerous危险的；D.interesting有趣的。根据第五段“‘Lottery(彩票).’themananswered___12___.”可知，有人把彩票这种比较重要的东西放在他的帽子里面了。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们看到后，非常好奇，开始猜测那是什么东西。A.argue争论；B.care关心；C.expect期望；预料；D.guess猜测。根据前文“theyfeltverycurious”可知，人们很好奇，会猜测会是什么东西。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了半小时左右，一个人急急忙忙跑过去说：“这不可能是真的!”你……你……。”。A.came来；B.rushed冲；C.walked走；D.left离开。根据句中的“inahurry”可知这个人非常着急，是冲着过来。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是不是丢了什么东西？A.get得到；B.find发现；C.forget忘记；D.lose丢失。根据上文年轻人在白纸上写的“Pleaseetogetitback.”可知，他是等失主，所以当有人来找的东西时候，他会问别人是不是丢了什么。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“彩票。”那个人焦急地回答。A.quickly快地；B.anxiously焦虑地；C.seriously严肃地；D.carefully仔细地。根据第三段“aman___10___thereinahurryandsaid,‘Itcan’tbetrue！You...you....’”可知，这个人丢了东西，非常焦虑。故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那人激动得一句话也说不出来了。A.confused困惑的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.excited兴奋的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文可知，这个人的巨额彩票失而复得，所以他兴奋得说不出话来。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治·桑几天前买了一张彩票。A.bought买；B.made制作；C.found发现；D.sold卖。根据下文“Theawards(奖)openedyesterdayandhewon$500,000.”可知，乔治·桑买了一张彩票。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他感到如此幸运和兴奋，当他听到音乐时，他拿出50美元并把它放进了帽子里。A.handedout分发；B.tookout拿出；C.huntedfor寻找；D.pickedup捡起。结合语境和常识可知，乔治·桑的彩票中了大奖，感到高兴，所以他拿出50美元放进年轻人的帽子里面。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到失主会回来找，他又回到了他拿到这张彩票的地方。A.forget忘记；B.remember记得；C.return归还、返回；D.pick挑选。根据下文“hecamebacktowherehewasgiventhelotteryticket”可知，年轻艺人推测失主会回来。故选C项。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有人问他为什么把奖票还给了这个人。A.where哪里；B.why为什么；C.when什么时候；D.how如何。根据下文可知，年轻艺人在解释归还彩票的原因，所以有人问他为什么要归还。故选B项。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远快乐”。A.If如果；B.While在……时候；C.Because因为；D.Although虽然，即使。根据语境可知，“Idon’thavemuch(money)”与“Ilivehappily”在句意上是让步对比关系，因此用连词although引导。故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远快乐。”A.money钱；B.food食物；C.time时间；D.luck幸运。从文章开头的apoorartist以及他拉小提琴赚钱可知，小提琴手没有很多钱。故选A项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“虽然我没有很多钱，但我生活得很快乐；但如果我失去了诚信，我就不会永远快乐。”A.friendship友谊；B.hope希望；C.love爱；D.honesty诚实。根据上文可知，年轻人不为巨额彩票所动，将其物归原主，说明他是一个诚实的人，把诚信看得很重要，不能失去。故选D项。四、短文填空(每小题2分，共20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itisa____40____(move)storybetweenZhongJing,adoctor,andthevillagersinLongheVillage,LongchangTown,QianxinanBouyeiandMisoAutonomousPrefectureinGuizhouProvince.BeforeZhong’sarrival,therewasnoclinicinthevillage.Ifvillagershadtosee____41____doctorwhentheysufferedfromserioushealthproblems,theyhadno____42____(choose)buttogotothehospitalintownwhichismorethanfour____43____(hour)walkaway.SinceZhongsetuptheonlysmallclinic(诊所)therewithallherlifesavingsatthetime,thingshavechanged.Withherexcellentmedicalskillandselflessdevotionforalongtime,she____44____(final)wonthelocals’heart.Sheoftenmakescallstosomewithdiseasessuchashighbloodpressure.“Ineedtoremindthem____45____(e)tohavetheirbloodpressureandbloodsugartested,”shesays.Iftheycan’tmakeit,Zhongwillvisitthem.Forthepasttwoyears,Zhong____46____(make)morehousecallstoherpatientssothattheyneedn’tmovearoundduringtheCOVID19times.ThankstotheguidanceofZhong,thelocalvillagersincreasinglydevelopa____47____(strong)healthawarenessthanbefore.Thenumberofpatients____48____visittheclinichasbeenbeinglessinrecentyears.Zhongsays,“I’mgladthatI’mnotonlyadoctorinthevillagenow.Itfeelsgreattobeofsomehelpandbetrusted_____49_____them.”【答案】40.moving41.a42.choice43.hours’44.finally45.toe46.hasmade##hasbeenmaking47.stronger48.who##that49.by【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了钟静（音译）在贵州省黔西南布依族米索自治州龙场镇龙河村帮助村民提供医疗服务的故事。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个发生在贵州省黔西南布依族米索自治州龙场镇龙河村医生钟静和村民之间的感人故事。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词story，此处应填形容词。根据句意可知，此处表示“令人感动的故事”，应用形容词moving。故填moving。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果村民有严重的健康问题必须去看医生，他们别无选择，只能去镇上的医院，步行需要4个多小时。此处表示“看医生、就诊”为固定短语seeadoctor。故填a。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：如果村民有严重的健康问题必须去看医生，他们别无选择，只能去镇上的医院，步行需要4个多小时。设空处在句中作宾语，位于形容词no后，应用名词；choose的名词形式为choice，表示“选择”。havenochoicebuttodosth.“别无选择只能做某事”。故填choice。【43题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：如果村民有严重的健康问题必须去看医生，他们别无选择，只能去镇上的医院，步行需要4个多小时。根据句意可知，此处表示“步行四小时”，其结构可用“数词+复数名词的所有格+被修饰名词”或“数词+连字符+单数名词+被修饰名词”，即fourhours’walk或fourhourwalk。结合句中结构可知，句中没有连字符，此处应填名词所有格形式。故填hours’。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：凭借精湛的医术和长期无私的奉献，她终于赢得了当地人的心。设空处在句中修饰谓语动词won，应用副词；final的副词形式为finally，表示“最后、最终”。故填finally。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我要提醒他们来测血压和血糖。根据句意可知，此处表示“提醒某人做某事”，常用固定结构remindsbtodosth，故设空处需填todo不定式，作宾语补足语。故填toe。【46题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年里，钟静为她的病人提供了更多的上门服务，这样他们就不用在新冠肺炎疫情期间四处走动了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为Zhong，与动词make之间为主动关系；结合时间状语forthefasttwoyears可知，此处表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/hasdone结构，或者也可用现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing结构，因为她现在还在做这件事，并极有