【英语】河南省焦作市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中联考试题(解析版)

河南省焦作市2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中联考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOur100-word-storycompetitionisyourchancetoshowtheworldyourstorytellingtalents!RulesEntriesarenowopen.Multipleentriesareallowedperperson.WeareunfortunatelyonlyabletoconsiderUK-basedentries.Pleaseensurethatsubmissionsareoriginal,notpreviouslypublishedandexactly100wordslong(notincludingtitle).Don’tforgettoincludeyourfullname,address,emailandphonenumberwhenfillingintheform.TermsandconditionsThecompetitorsaredividedintothreecategories:adults,childrenaged12-18andchildrenunder12.Theonlyadultwinnerwillreceive£1,000andonerunner-upwillreceive£250.The12-18childwinnercangeta£200bookvoucher(代金券)anda£100bookvoucherfortheirschool,andtherunner-upinthiscategorywillreceivea£100bookvoucherforthemselves.Intheunder-12category,thewinnerwillreceive£100ofbookvouchersand£100ofbookvouchersfortheirschool,andtherunner-upwillreceivea£50bookvoucher.Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5:00pmonJanuary5,2024eitheronlineorbypost.Theeditorialteamwillpickashortlist(入围名单)ofentries,andthethreebeststoriesineachcategorywillbepostedonlineonFebruary1,2024.Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.VotingwillcloseonFebruary29,2024andthewinningentrieswillbepublishedinourMay2024issue,andpostedonlineonApril16,2024.1.Whatisrequestedfortheentries?A.Theyarelimitedto100words. B.Theycanbeco-authored.C.TheymustbefromtheUK. D.Theymustbesubmittedinperson.2.What’sthesubmissiondeadlinefortheentries?A.January5,2024. B.February1,2024.C.February29,2024. D.April16,2024.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthewinningentries?A.Theywillbeavailableinprintonly.B.Theywillbeselectedbypopularvotes.C.Theywillbepolishedbytheeditorialteam.D.Theywillbeonashortlistofnomorethanthree.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了百字故事写作比赛的相关信息。【答案】1.C2.A3.B1．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Rules”中第一段的“WeareunfortunatelyonlyabletoconsiderUK-basedentries.”（不幸的是，我们只能考虑英国的参赛作品。）可知，参赛作品必须来自英国。故选C项。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Termsandconditions”中第二段中的“Pleasesubmityourstoriesby5:00pmonJanuary5,2024eitheronlineorbypost.”（请在2024年1月5日下午5点之前通过网络或邮寄方式提交您的故事。）可知，作品提交的截止日期是2024年1月5日。故选A项。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Youcanvoteforyourfavorite,andtheonewiththemostvoteswillwinthetopprize.”（你可以为你最喜欢的故事投票，得票最多的人将赢得最高奖。）可知，最后的大奖是由读者普选票选出的。故选B项。BThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.Then,myauntdiedfromlungcancer.Ihadamomentoffear:unlessIdecidetostopsmoking,therewillbeahighprobabilitythatatsomepointinmylifeI’llhaveacoughorsomeothersymptom(症状)anditwillbecancerorasimilarawfuldisease.Still,Ididn’tact.ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict—Iwasmakingallthekindofexcusesthatthealcoholanddrugaddictsmade.Idecidedtoquit.Butafterafewdayswhenoutfordrinkswithfriends,Iyieldedtotemptation(诱惑)andhadone.ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.ButIlearnedfromthisanddecidedthenextattemptwouldbebetterplanned.Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒烟)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.Withallthesupportaroundme,Ifeltsoconfidentaboutmyabilitytoquit.IactuallylookedforwardtothedateI’dsettostop.Thatwasnearly10yearsagoandIhaven’tlookedback.Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.StoppingsmokingwasoneofthebestthingsI’veeverdone.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasignorantofcigarettes.B.Hecaredlittleabouthishealth.C.Helackedmotivationforworking.D.Hedidn’tmakeuphismindtoquitsmoking.5.Whatinspiredtheauthortomakethefirstquitattempt?A.Hisself-analysis. B.Worseninghealth.C.Symptomsoflungcancer. D.Lossofafamilymember.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“yieldedto”inparagraph4mean?A.Cameupwith. B.Gaveinto.C.Steppedoutof. D.Brokeawayfrom.7.Whichcanbestdescribethesecondattempt?A.Itwasfruitless. B.Itlastedfor10years.C.Itwasadeterminedattempt. D.Itwasabandonedhalfway.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者戒烟的经历。【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C4．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.(在我二十多岁的时候，我告诉自己总有一天我要戒烟。这似乎很遥远，可以防止我过于恐慌，但也足够明确地欺骗自己，在它杀死我之前我会放弃。但后来我三十多岁了又走了，什么都没发生。)”和第二段中的“Ihadamomentoffear…Still,Ididn’tact.(我当时很害怕，但我没有采取行动。)”可知，作者没有真正下定决心去戒烟。故选D。5．【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict(但我忍不住开始好好地、认真地思考我的吸烟问题，以及我该怎么做。我想得越多，就越怀疑我到底喜欢它什么。然后我突然意识到：我是个瘾君子)”和第四段中的“Idecidedtoquit.(我决定戒掉。)”可知，是自我分析使作者开始了第一次戒烟的尝试。故选A。6．【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.(第二天我买了一包烟，我的第一次戒烟尝试彻底失败了。)”可知，第二天，作者买了一包烟，第一次戒烟的尝试失败了。由此可知，画线词所在句指的是作者决定戒烟，但几天后和朋友出去喝酒，屈服于诱惑了，画线词意为“屈服于”，gaveinto与其同义。故选B。7．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒烟)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.(我在网上调查了不同的选择，并在我当地的诊所见了一位戒烟护士，她用一些技巧改变了我对吸烟的看法。)”和最后一段中的“Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.(当然，在早期，它并不总是一帆风顺。有时我很虚弱，有时我几乎跌倒。但我对此有所准备，并没有被它吓倒。)”可知，在戒烟早期，并不总是一帆风顺的，但作者已经做好了准备，并没有因此而放弃。由此可推断，作者第二次戒烟的尝试是坚定的。故选C。CIt’safamiliarplotinmoviesandbooks:Abright-eyedmanmovestothebigcityinsearchoffameandfortune.Inthenoisesandlights,allhopesanddreamscometrue.Butwhydowesticktothisoldstory?InFourLostCities,authorAnnaleeNewitzexploresancientsettlementstofindoutwhypeoplefloodintobigcities—andwhytheyleave.Thebookisdividedintofourenjoyable,snack-sizedsections,oneforeachcity.Eachsectionisaccompaniedbyahandymap,drawnbyartistJasonThompsoninanengagingcartoonstyle.Ratherthandryhistory,Newitzmakesaspecialefforttohighlighttheodditiesandinnovationsthatmadethesecitiesunique.TakeCatalhöyük,theoldestcitytheyfeature,whichboomedbetween7500and5700BCinwhatisnowTurkey.Thisancientcityexistedfornearly2,000yearsdespitelackingthingsthatwemightconsidernecessaryforacity,suchasroads,specialpublicspacesorshoppingareas.ThesectiononCahokia(AD1050to1350)—locatedinwhatisnowIllinois—offersanunexpectedreasonforacity’semergence.Manypeoplelinkcitieswithcapitalismandtrade.Cahokia’s30-meter-tallpyramids,20-hectare(公顷)squaresandapopulation(atthetime)biggerthanParissuggestthatspiritualrevival(复苏)canalsobuildalargecity.CahokiaandAngkor,whichreacheditspeakfromAD800to1431inwhatisnowCambodia,alsoshowhowcitiescanformwhenpowergetsconcentratedinafewinfluentialpeople.Eachcity,ofcourse,eventuallyfell.ButNewitzalsorevealssomethingelse:Collapsinginfrastructure(基础设施)providedthefinalpushthatkeptpeopleaway.Herewespotourpotentialfuture,asclimatecrisesandpoliticalinstabilitythreatenourownurbannetworks.ButNewitz’svividimaginings,brightlanguageandboundlessenthusiasmmanagetokeepthetoneoptimistic.Thesecitiesdidend,yes.Yetthepeoplelivedon.8.Whyisabright-eyedmanmentionedinparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toraisesomedoubts.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Topresentaphenomenon.9.Howisparagraph3developed?A.Bycitingdata. B.Bydefiningaterm.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bytellingastory.10.WhatwasthereasonfortheriseofCahokiaandAngkor?A.Trade. B.Capitalism.C.Alargepopulation. D.Concentrationofpower.11.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofFourLostCities?A.Itfeaturesacartoonstyle. B.Itoffersinsightintoourfuture.C.Itconsistsofnooriginalideas. D.Itpromotestheancientcultures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了AnnaleeNewitz所著的《失落之城：四座世界古城的生与死》这本书的相关信息。【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B8．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It’safamiliarplotinmoviesandbooks:Abright-eyedmanmovestothebigcityinsearchoffameandfortune.(一个眼睛明亮的男人搬到大城市寻找名声和财富，在响声和灯光下，所有的希望和梦想都成真了，这是电影和书籍中熟悉的情节)”和第一段中的“Butwhydowesticktothisoldstory?InFourLostCities,authorAnnaleeNewitzexploresancientsettlementstofindoutwhypeoplefloodintobigcities—andwhytheyleave.(但我们为什么要坚持这个古老的故事呢？在《失落之城：四座世界古城的生与死》，作者AnnaleeNewitz探索了古老的定居点，以找出人们涌入大城市的原因，以及他们离开的原因。)”和下文对《失落之城：四座世界古城的生与死》这本书的介绍可推断，文章第一段提到眼睛明亮的男人是为介绍《失落之城：四座世界古城的生与死》这本书做铺垫，即引出本文的话题。故选A项。9．【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ratherthandryhistory,Newitzmakesaspecialefforttohighlighttheodditiesandinnovationsthatmadethesecitiesunique.(Newitz并没有枯燥乏味的历史讲解，而是特别努力强调使这些城市独一无二的怪异和创新。)”以及“TakeCatalhöyük,theoldestcitytheyfeature,whichboomedbetween7500and5700BCinwhatisnowTurkey.(以他们最古老的城市Catalhöyük为例，它在公元前7500年至5700年间在现在的土耳其蓬勃发展。)”可知，Newitz没有枯燥地介绍历史，而是特别强调了使这些城市独一无二的奇特和创新之处，之后举例最古老的城市Catalhöyük。由此可推断，第三段是用举例子的方式展开的，故选C项。10．【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“CahokiaandAngkor…alsoshowhowcitiescanformwhenpowergetsconcentratedinafewinfluentialpeople.(Cahokia和Angkor……也展示了当权力集中在少数有影响力的人身上时，城市是如何形成的)”可知，Cahokia和Angkor这两座城市展示了城市可以在权力集中在一些有影响力的人身上时形成，由此可知，权力的集中是Cahokia和Angkor这两个城市兴起的原因，故选D项。11．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Herewespotourpotentialfuture,asclimatecrisesandpoliticalinstabilitythreatenourownurbannetworks.(在这里，我们看到了我们潜在的未来，因为气候危机和政治不稳定威胁着我们自己的城市网络。)”可知，随着气候危机和政治不稳定威胁到我们自己的城市网，我们在这里看见了我们潜在的未来，由此可知，这本书可以让我们洞察我们的未来，故选B项。DInthe20thcentury,conservationistssetouttorestoretheGalapagosgianttortoise(巨型陆龟)onEspañola—andtheislandecosystem.From1963to2020,conservationistsreintroducednearly2,000GalapagosgianttortoisestoEspañola.Sincethen,thetortoiseshavecontinuedtomultiplyinthewild,causingthepopulationtoblossomtoanestimated3,000.They’vealsoseentheecologicaltransformationofEspañola.Thetortoises’returnhasalsohelpedthecriticallyendangeredwavedalbatross(信天翁)—aspeciesthatmultipliesonlyonEspañola.Duringtheisland’swoodytimes,MaudQuinzin,aconservationgeneticistwhohaspreviouslyworkedwithGalapagostortoises,saysthatpeoplehadtorepeatedlycleartheareastheseabirdsuseasrunwaystotakeoffandland.Now,ifthelandingplacesaregettingovergrown,they’llmovetortoisesintotheareatotakecareofitforthem.Thesecrettothissuccessisthat—muchlikebrownbearsandelephants—gianttortoisesareecologicalarchitects.Astheywanderaround,theychangethelandscape.Theysteponyoungtreesandbushesbeforetheycangrowbigenoughtoblockthealbatrosses’way.Thegianttortoiseslikewisehaveabigimpactonthegiantspeciesofpricklypearcactuses(仙人掌梨)thatcallEspañolahome—oneofthetortoises’favoritefoodsandanessentialresourcefortheisland’sotherinhabitants.Whenthetortoiseseatthecactus’sfallenleaves,theypreventthemfromtakingrootandcompetingwiththeirparents.And,aftertheyeatthecactus’sfruit,theydroptheseedsacrosstheisland,offeringaprotectiveshelloffertilizer.TheextentoftheseandotherecologicaleffectsofthetortoisearedocumentedinanewstudybyJamesGibbs,aconservationscientistofthegianttortoiserestorationprogram.Theresults,hesays,areagoodsignforotherrewildingprojectsthatincludegianttortoiserestorationasakeystoneoftheirefforts,suchasthoseunderwayonotherislandsoftheGalapagosandtheMascareneIslandsintheIndianOcean.12.WhatisaresultofreintroducingtheGalapagosgianttortoisetoEspañola?A.Endangermentofotherspecies.B.Restorationofthelocalecosystem.C.Decreaseingianttortoises’population.D.Transformationofrewildingprojects.13.Howdidthegianttortoiseinfluencethewavedalbatross?A.Byreducingtheextentofwoodyplants.B.Byspreadingtheseedsofakeyspecies.C.Bycreatingmorelivinghabitatsforthem.D.Bylimitingthenumberoftheircompetitors.14.WhatisJamesGibbs’sattitudetowardsthegianttortoiseproject?A.Unclear. B.Reserved. C.Positive. D.Dismissive.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EndangeredSpeciesIsHardtoBeRestoredB.Once-endangeredSpeciesBlossominGalapagosIslandsC.EspañolaBecameaWonderlandforGalapagosGiantTortoisesD.GalapagosGiantTortoisesProveTheirWorthasEcosystemEngineers【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拉帕戈斯巨型陆龟被重新引入Española岛后，该岛的生态环境逐渐得以恢复。【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D12．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From1963to2020,conservationistsreintroducednearly2,000GalapagosgianttortoisestoEspañola.Sincethen,thetortoiseshavecontinuedtomultiplyinthewild,causingthepopulationtoblossomtoanestimated3,000.They’vealsoseentheecologicaltransformationofEspañola.(从1963年到2020年，环保主义者将近2000只加拉帕戈斯巨龟重新引入Española。从那以后，这种陆龟在野外继续繁殖，使其数量达到了大约3000只。他们也看到了Española的生态转型)”可知，拉帕戈斯巨型陆龟的重新引入恢复了当地的生态系统。故选B项。13．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Now,ifthelandingplacesaregettingovergrown,they’llmovetortoisesintotheareatotakecareofitforthem.Thesecrettothissuccessisthat—muchlikebrownbearsandelephants—gianttortoisesareecologicalarchitects.Astheywanderaround,theychangethelandscape.Theysteponyoungtreesandbushesbeforetheycangrowbigenoughtoblockthealbatrosses’way.(现在，如果着陆点杂草丛生，他们就会把巨龟移到这个地方来为他们管理这里。这一成功的秘诀在于——就像棕熊和大象一样——巨龟是生态建筑师。当它们四处游荡时，它们改变了景观。在小树和灌木丛长到足以挡住信天翁的路之前，它们就会被巨龟踩到)”可知，巨型陆龟的游荡会阻止小树和灌木丛过度生长挡住信天翁的跑道，即减少了木本植物的范围。故选A项。14．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theresults,hesays,areagoodsignforotherrewildingprojectsthatincludegianttortoiserestorationasakeystoneoftheirefforts(他说，这一结果对其他将巨龟恢复作为他们努力的基石的再野生化项目来说是一个好兆头)”可知，JamesGibbs认为其他涉及巨龟的再野生化项目有望和该项目一样取得良好的效果，因此他的态度是积极乐观的。故选C项。15．【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了加拉帕戈斯巨型陆龟被重新引入Española岛后，该岛的生态环境逐渐得以恢复，岛上的信天翁和仙人掌梨物种从中受益。因此，D项“加拉帕戈斯巨型陆龟证明了自己作为生态系统工程师的价值”契合文章大意，最适合作为标题。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。High-hopepeopleareoptimisticabouttheirfutureandtheybelieveinpossibilities.Theyseechallengesasopportunitiestogrowandlearn,ratherthanasobstacles(障碍).Here’satipsheettogetyouintothehabitofhope.Goal-settingisasimportantastheactionyoutaketowardachievingyourgoals.___16___Theyknowthatwithoutacleargoal,it’seasytogetdistractedandlosefocus.Meanwhile,theydon’tletlifehappentothem.Instead,theyactivelymakedecisionsandtakeactiontomoveforwardintheirlives.Theyusuallyvisualizetheirgoalsandcreateconditionsthatsetthemupforsuccess.Beingaroundpositivepeopleisonewaytokeepanoptimisticmind.Hopefulpeopletendtospendmoretimeassociatingwiththosewhoshareabrightattitude.___17___Peoplehighinhopedon’tblockthemselvesfromfolkswhohaveamorepessimisticviewpoint.Theyknowthatseeingdifferentperspectivesallowsthemtoberealistic.Hopefulpeoplearealwaysgratefulforwhattheyhave.___18___Theyrecognizethateventhoughtheymaynothaveeverythingtheywant,they’restillluckytohavesomuchgoodinlife,thusmakingthemfocusmoreonwhat’sinfrontofthem.___19___Whenitcomestohigh-hopepeople,nomatterwhatlifethrowsatthem,theytrytoseethesilverlining.Theydon’tletthecircumstancedefinetheiremotionalresponse.Inadditiontohavingapositiveoutlook,high-hopepeoplearealsocreativeproblem-solvers.Whenfacedwithachallenge,theydon’tgiveupeasily.___20___A.Peoplehighinhopedoboth.B.Keepingapositiveoutlookisalsoimportant.C.Anothertrickisstickingwithpositivepeople.D.Thisallowsthemtostaypositiveandtakeurgentaction.E.Thatkeepsthemappreciativeandgroundedinthemoment.F.Instead,theyfindsolutionsthathelpthemovercometheobstaclesintheirway.G.However,thisdoesn’tmeantheyareintolerantofanotherperson’snegativityorstruggles.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了养成心怀希望的习惯的几点建议。【答案】16.A17.G18.E19.B20.F16．【解析】根据上文的“Goal-settingisasimportantastheactionyoutaketowardachievingyourgoals.(设定目标和你为实现目标所采取的行动一样重要。)”和下文的“Theyknowthatwithoutacleargoal,it’seasytogetdistractedandlosefocus.(他们知道，没有清晰的目标，就很容易分心和失去专注力。)”可知，作者建议要设定目标和为实现目标采取行动要两不误，A项“Peoplehighinhopedoboth.(心怀希望的人们这两点都会做到)”，下文中They指代选项中Peoplehighinhope，承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。17．【解析】根据上文的“Hopefulpeopletendtospendmoretimeassociatingwiththosewhoshareabrightattitude.(充满希望的人往往会和态度积极的人交往更多。)”可知，G项“However,thisdoesn’tmeantheyareintolerantofanotherperson’snegativityorstruggles.(然而，这并不意味着充满希望的人不包容他人的消极和挣扎。)”与上文构成转折关系，引出下文“Peoplehighinhopedon’tblockthemselvesfromfolkswhohaveamorepessimisticviewpoint.(满怀希望的人不会阻挡自己接触那些观点更悲观的人。)”讲满怀希望的人会与那些观点更悲观的人，包容消极和挣扎，符合语境。故选G项。18．【解析】根据空前的“Hopefulpeoplearealwaysgratefulforwhattheyhave.(充满希望的人会感激自己所拥有的一切。)”可知，E项“Thatkeepsthemappreciativeandgroundedinthemoment.(那会使得他们心存感激并立足当下。)”可承接上文，且与本段的关键词“感激”一致。故选E项。19．【解析】根据空白处下文“Whenitcomestohigh-hopepeople,nomatterwhatlifethrowsatthem,theytrytoseethesilverlining.Theydon’tletthecircumstancedefinetheiremotionalresponse.(当谈到满怀希望的人时，无论生活给他们带来什么，他们都会努力看到一线希望。他们不会让环境决定他们的情绪反应)”可知，此处上下文说的是要保持积极的心态，与B项“Keepingapositiveoutlookisalsoimportant.(保持积极的心态也很重要。)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。20．【解析】根据空前的“Whenfacedwithachallenge,theydon’tgiveupeasily.(心怀希望的人们面对挑战不会轻易放弃。)”可知，F项“Instead,theyfindsolutionsthathelpthemovercometheobstaclesintheirway.(相反，他们会寻找能够帮助他们克服前进道路上的障碍的解决方法。)”和上文构成转折关系，讲心怀希望的人们面对挑战时，不轻言放弃，会努力想到解决方法，符合语境，故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Anotherschoolyearwasbeginning.Itwasa(n)___21___jobtohandle30firstgraders,___22___six-year-olds’attentionspans(持续时间)arerathershort.ThenI___23___toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy:adoptinga___24___memberasthepenpalformystudents.Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.ThenIgota___25___fromCaptainDenisar.CaptainDenisarquicklybecamea(n)___26___systemformyclass.Ifstudentspracticedandcouldreadabook___27___,Irecordeditande-mailedittoCaptainDenisar.Andiftheyfinishedawritingassignment,Iwouldtakea___28___ande-mailit.CaptainDenisar,then,wouldsendbackemailsfullofpraiseand___29___.Youcouldimaginehowexcitedmyfirstgraderswereto____30____asoldier!WealsousedtheinformationCaptainDenisarincludedinhise-mailsas____31____opportunities:whatasoldier’slifewaslike,howtomakeafireetc.Gradually,thisman____32____theheartsofmystudents.TheyweresoeagertopleaseCaptainDenisarthattheytriedtheirbestto____33____themselvesinmyclass.Now,teachingbecamea(n)____34____ratherthanaheadachetome.Attheendofthatyear,wewrotealetterofthankstohim.Tomysurprise,hewasevenmore____35____ofthecommunication,sayingmyfirstgraderstrulylightenedthingsupforhim.21.A.temporary B.tough C.steady D.urgent22.A.as B.though C.incase D.eversince23.A.decided B.pretended C.regretted D.failed24.A.capable B.strict C.crucial D.military25.A.greeting B.notice C.reply D.comment26.A.reward B.alarm C.security D.communication27.A.nervously B.fluently C.casually D.secretly28.A.rest B.chance C.breath D.picture29.A.impression B.prediction C.encouragement D.assessment30.A.meetwith B.pickup C.hearfrom D.cheeron31.A.learning B.working C.teaching D.playing32.A.broke B.stole C.protected D.felt33.A.challenge B.recognize C.behave D.introduce34.A.idea B.treat C.habit D.option35.A.hopeful B.tolerant C.conscious D.appreciative【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了管理好30个一年级学生，想出了一个特别的计划，邀请Denisar上校作为学生们的笔友，通过电子邮件与他交流学生们的日常成就，建立起一套奖励体系，还让学生们把他邮件中的信息作为学习材料。结果学生们喜欢上了Denisar上校，都争取积极表现，教学对于作者成了享受，作者和学生们都非常感激他，而他则感谢学生们让他的生活变得轻松愉悦起来。【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.C34.B35.D21．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：管理30个一年级学生是一项艰巨的任务，因为6岁孩子的注意力持续时间相当短。A.temporary暂时的；B.tough艰巨的；C.steady稳定的；D.urgent紧急的。根据下文“tohandle30firstgraders,_____six-year-olds’attentionspans(持续时间)arerathershort”可推知，对于作者来说，管理30个注意力持续时间相当短的学生是一项艰巨的任务。故选B。22．【解析】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：管理30个一年级学生是一项艰巨的任务，因为6岁孩子的注意力持续时间相当短。A.as因为；B.though虽然；C.incase万一；D.eversince自从。根据下文“six-year-olds’attentionspans(持续时间)arerathershort”可知，6岁孩子的注意力持续时间相当短，这是一个客观的事实，应该是对前面的内容进行解释，说明原因，因此用as“因为”引导原因状语从句。故选A。23．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我决定制定一个特别的计划，让它变得简单：让一个军人作为我的学生的笔友。A.decided决定；B.pretended假装；C.regretted后悔；D.failed失败。根据下文“toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy”可推知，为了解决管理30个一年级学生的难题，作者决定制定一个特别计划，由此引出下文具体的实施方法。故选A。24．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我决定制定一个特别的计划，让它变得简单：让一个军人作为我的学生的笔友。A.capable有能力的；B.strict严格的；C.crucial关键的；D.military军事的。根据下文“Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.”可知，作者开始联系军队，因此是想让军人作为学生的笔友。故选D。25．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我收到了Denisar上校的回复。A.greeting问候；B.notice通知；C.reply回复；D.comment评论。根据上文“ThenI_____toworkoutaspecialplantomakeiteasy:adoptinga_____memberasthepenpalformystudents.Ibeganbysendingoute-mailstothearmy.”可知，作者写邮件给军队，争取有人作自己学生的笔友，由此可知，此处指收到了Denisar上校的回复。故选C。26．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Denisar上校很快成为我们班的一套奖励制度。A.reward奖励；B.alarm警报；C.security安全；D.communication沟通。本段下文讲述了作者把学生们的各种良好表现记录下来，通过邮件告知Denisar上校，然后上校会给予表扬，由此可知，这是一套奖励机制。故选A。27．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果学生们练习并能流利地阅读一本书，我就录下来并通过电子邮件发送给Denisar上校。A.nervously紧张地；B.fluently流利地；C.casually随意地；D.secretly秘密地。根据下文“CaptainDenisar,then,wouldsendbackemailsfullofpraise”可知，Denisar上校回复的邮件里满是表扬，由此推知，此处指学生们能流利地阅读一本书。故选B。28．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们完成了写作作业，我会拍张照片然后用电子邮件把它发出去。A.rest休息；B.chance机会；C.breath呼吸；D.picture照片。根据上文“iftheyfinishedawritingassignment”和下文“e-mailit”可推知，作者会给学生的写作作业拍照，然后把照片发给Denisar上校。故选D。29．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Denisar上校会回复满是赞扬和鼓励的邮件。A.impression印象；B.prediction预测；C.encouragement鼓励；D.assessment评估。根据上文“fullofpraise”可推知，此处指邮件里满是赞扬和鼓励，是对学生们良好表现的正面反馈。故选C。30．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可以想象我的一年级学生收到一个士兵的来信有多兴奋！A.meetwith会见；B.pickup拾起；C.hearfrom收到来信；D.cheeron为……加油。上文讲述了作者和Denisar上校互通邮件，交流学生们的各种良好表现，由此可知，此处指收到Denisar上校的来信。故选C。31．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还把Denisar上校在他的电子邮件中包含的信息作为学习机会：士兵的生活是什么样的，如何生火等等。A.learning学习；B.working工作；C.teaching教学；D.playing玩耍。根据主语为“We”和下文“whatasoldier’slifewaslike,howtomakeafireetc”可推知，Denisar上校的邮件中信息成了作者和学生们学习的机会，让他们了解士兵的生活是什么样的，如何生火等等。故选A。32．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这个人获得了我的学生们的心。A.broke打破；B.stole偷；C.protected保护；D.felt感觉。根据下文“TheyweresoeagertopleaseCaptainDenisar”可知，学生们想让Denisar上校开心，由此可知，上校获得了学生们的心，stealone’sheart意为“获得某人的心，让某人喜欢上自己”。故选B。33．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们很想让Denisar上校开心，所以在我的课上尽量表现得好。A.challenge挑战；B.recognize认出；C.behave表现；D.introduce介绍。根据上文“Ifstudentspracticedandcouldreadabook______,Irecordeditande-mailedittoCaptainDenisar.Andiftheyfinishedawritingassignment,Iwouldtakea______ande-mailit.”可知，作者在邮件中记录的都是学生们的良好表现，由此可知，此处指学生们在课上尽量表现得好，behaveoneself意为“表现得得体，表现得好”。故选C。34．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，教学对我来说成了一种享受，而不是一件让我头疼的事。A.idea主意；B.treat享受；C.habit习惯；D.option选择。根据下文“ratherthanaheadachetome”可推知，与头疼的事相对的应该是享受。故选B。35．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他甚至对我们的交流更加感激，说我的一年级学生真的让他感到轻松愉悦。A.hopeful充满希望的；B.tolerant宽容的；C.conscious有意识的；D.appreciative感激的。根据下文“sayingmyfirstgraderstrulylightenedthingsupforhim”可知，Denisar上校表示学生们让他感到轻松愉悦，因此他会对这样的交流充满感激。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NamedaftertheancientcityofXi’aninShaanxiprovince,thefilmChang’anlasts168minutesandbringstolifesomeofthemostfamous___36___(figure)inChineseliteraryhistory.SinceitsreleaseonJuly8,themovie___37___(obtain)aratingof8.1outoftenonDouban,oneofthe___38___(large)reviewwebsitesinthecountry,strengtheningitspositionasoneofthemostpraisedanimatedblockbusters(动画大片)ofthesummerseason.DifferentfrommanymoviesandTVshows___39___(feature)LiBai,themovieemploysaratherunconventionalperspective,startingwiththememoriesofGaoShi,also___40___admirablepoetandfriendofLi.Apart___41___LiandGao,themoviefeaturesotherfamouspoetsandartistsofthetime,includingWangChangling,knownformilitary-themedpoems,andLiGuinian,apalace___42___(music),aswellasroyalmembers___43___heldsignificantinfluencewithinthecircle,suchasPrincessYuzhen.Interweaving(交织)thepersonalfatesofthesefigures,thefilmshowsthescenesoftheTangdynasty.Themoviealso___44___(vivid)describesthefree-spiritednatureoftheTangdynasty.Forinstance,inthenationalcivilserviceexaminationoftheTangdynasty,thehighestachievers___45___(allow)theprivilegetoridehorsesandpickthemostbeautifulflowerfromanyresidenceinthecapitalcity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动画大片《长安三万里》的相关信息。【答案】36.figures37.hasobtained38.largest39.featuring40.an41.from42.musician43.who##that44.vividly45.wereallowed36．【解析】考查名词复数。句意：电影《长安》以陕西省的古城西安命名，时长168分钟，将中国文学史上一些最著名的人物栩栩如生地呈现出来。someof…短语表示的是复数概念，of后的可数名词应用复数形式。故填figures。37．【解析】考查动词。句意：自7月8日上映以来，这部电影获得了8分的评分。豆瓣是国内最大的影评网站之一，评分十分之一，巩固了它作为暑期最受好评的动画大片之一的地位。Since引出的时间状语表明，句子的谓语动词应用现在完成时，且由于主语themovie为单数意义，谓语动词也应用单数形式，主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系，所以应用现在完成时的主动式。故填hasobtained。38．【解析】考查形容词。句意：同上。根据空前的oneof和定冠词the可知，此处为固定搭配oneof+the+形容词的最高级，表示“最……之一”。故填largest。39．【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：与许多以李白为主角的电影和电视节目不同，这部电影采用了一个相当非常规的视角，从李白的一位令人钦佩的诗人和朋友高石的回忆开始。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词employs