单词及短语,句式总结

选修七Unit2Robots知识总结Ⅰ.单词A)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词，并进行适当拓展。1．________(vt.)满足；使满意→________(n.)满意；满足；令人满意的事物→________(adj.)令人满意的→________(adj.)满足的；(感到)满意的2．________(vt.)使警觉；使惊恐；惊动；(n.)警报；惊恐→________(adj.)担心的；害怕的3．________(adj.)优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→________(n.)优雅；高雅4．________(n.)喜爱；恩惠(vt.)喜爱；偏袒→________(adj.)最喜欢的(n.)最喜爱的东西5．________(vt.)宣布；声明；表明；宣称→________(n.)宣言；声明；公告Ⅱ.短语1．test________试验；考验2．a________ofbooks一堆书3．________wonder惊奇地；疑惑地4．ring________给……打电话5．turn________转向；回转6．fall________aladder从梯子上掉下来7．leave...________不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起答案：1.satisfy;satisfaction;satisfying/satisfactory;satisfied2．alarm;alarmed3.elegant;elegance4.favour;favourite5．declare;declaration6.desire7.sympathy8.accompany9.cushion10.envy答案：1.out2.pile3.with4.up5.around6.off7.aloneⅢ.语篇导读根据课文内容，在表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格填1个单词。TitleSatisfactionGuaranteedEventAhouseholdrobotwasgoingtobe__1__outbyClaire.Process·Whenshefirstsawtherobot,shefelt__2__.·Clairethoughtitwas__3__tobeoffered__4__byarobot.·Asa__5__TonyhelpedClairemakeherselfsmarterandherhomemore__6__.·Clairewas__7__bythewomenintheparty.ResultTonywasjustamachine.Sheshouted“__8__me__9__”andcriedallnightbecauseshehad__10__inlovewithhim(therobot).答案：1.tested2.alarmed3.ridiculous4.sympathy5．favour6.elegant7.envied8.Leave9.alone10．fallenII重点单词1．alarm1)vt.使惊慌，使不安；使警觉①Idon'twanttoalarmyou,butIcan'tfindthekey.我不想惊动你，但我找不到钥匙。②Thisfishgivesoffapoisonousliquidfromitsmouthwhenalarmed.受到惊吓时，这种鱼会从嘴里喷出一种有毒的液体。2)n.[U]惊恐，惊慌；[C]警报，报警器①Severaloil---producingcountriesexpressedalarmatthefallinprices.当石油价格下跌时，几个产油国都表现出了惊恐之情。②Thebanktellerpushedthealarmbutton.那个银行出纳员按了报警按钮。[知识拓展]alarmedadj.感到惊慌的，害怕的；担心的①Environmentalistsarealarmedbytheincreaseinpollution.环保人士对污染的增加感到担心。②Hewasveryalarmedtodiscoverthathiscarwasgone.发现汽车不见了，他非常惊慌。[知识运用](1)Shebecame________whenshecouldnotwakenherhusband.A．lostB．delightedC．alarmedD．interested答案：C本题题意：当她唤不醒她的丈夫时，她感到惊慌失措。alarmed(感到惊慌的，担心的)符合句意。2．favourn.喜爱；恩惠vt.喜爱；偏袒①CouldyoudomeafavourandpickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？②Bothcountriesseemtofavourtheagreement.两个国家似乎都更倾向于这份协议。[知识拓展](1)infavourof支持，赞同(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosb.afavour,doafavourforsb.))帮某人个忙(3)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(askafavourofsb.,asksb.afavour))请某人帮个忙(4)showfavourtosb.偏袒某人[知识运用](1)(台州市2010年高三年级第二次调考试题)Almosteveryoneis________bringingdownthepriceofhousingbecauseit'stoohighnow.A．infavorof B．inchargeof C．inhonorof D．insearchof答案：A本题题意：因为房价现在过高，几乎所有的人都赞成把房价降下来。infavorof表示“赞成，支持”。(2)Willyou________meafavourandtakethistothepostofficeforme?A．giveB．makeC．doD．bring答案：C本题题意：你可以帮我拿这个到邮局吗？dosb.Afavour表示“帮某人一个忙”。3．accompanyvt.陪伴；伴随；和……一起发生；伴奏①I'dlikeyoutoaccompanymetothepolicestation.我想让你陪我去警察局。②Thesingerwasaccompaniedat/onthepiano.那位歌手唱歌时是由钢琴伴奏的。[知识拓展](1)accompanysth.with/bysth.与…同时存在或发生(2)accompanysb.at/onsth. 用……给某人伴奏(3)accompanysb.todosth. 陪某人去做某事(4)accompanysb.to... 陪某人到……(5)keepsb.Company 陪伴某人，给某人作伴[知识运用](1)Thewellknownsingerwas________attheelectronicorganbyhisschoolteacher.A．accompanied B．accompanying 答案：A本题题意：那位著名的歌唱家的老师用电子风琴为他伴奏。accompany表示“为……伴奏，为……伴唱”。(2)Heaccompaniedhisspeech________gestures.A．onB．with C．to D．at答案：B本题题意：他演讲时附带做着手势。accompanysth.(by/withsth.)表示“与某事物同时存在或发生”。4．awfuladj.可怕的；非常坏的；极大的①Wehadanawfulearthquakeherelastyear.去年我们这里发生了可怕的地震。②Itwouldbeawfulifhefoundoutthetruth.如果他发现了真相，那就糟了。5．affairn.事务，事件，私事①I'vegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetoseeto.我有一些私事要处理。②Therailwayaccidentwasaterribleaffair.那次火车车祸是件可怕的事。[知识运用](1)Thepresidentisbusywith________ofstate.A．affairB．affairsC．businessD．matters答案：Baffairsofstate意为“国家大事”。6．declarevt.1)断言；宣称①IdeclaredatthemeetingthatIdidnotsupporthim.我在会上声明我不支持他。②“Iwaspreventedfromcominganysooner，”declaredthedoctor.医生声称：“有人阻止我快点赶到”。③Hedeclaredthathehadfinishedtheworkallbyhimself.他声称他是一个人完成了这项工作。2)宣布；宣告；声明①Theydeclaredtheresultofelectionatlast.他们最后公布了选举结果。②Imustdeclare(toyour)thatI'venevergotinvolvedintheaffair.我必须向你声明我跟此事毫无瓜葛。[知识拓展]declarewaron/against 向/对……宣战[词语辨析]declare与announce(1)declare表示正式、明白地宣告，一般指在正式场合宣布立场或态度等。Theareahasbeendeclaredanationalpark.这地区已宣布为国家公园。(2)announce是表示“宣布”的普通用词，指公平地发布人们所关心的或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的事情，或表示某事预示着某事的到来。Heannouncedhisretirementfrominternationalfootball.他宣布已退出国际足球界。[知识运用](1)(山东省淄博市2010届高三二模)Theheadmasterwill________aspeechtothevisitingforeigngueststhisafternoon.A．deliverB．address C．announce D．declare答案：A本题题意：校长今天下午将对来访的外宾发表演讲。deliveraspeech表示“作演讲”。(2)采用declare或announce的适当形式填空。①Ithasbeen________thatMrGreenandMissWhitewillgetmarriedinMay.②Thecourt________thatthestrikeactionwasillegal.答案：①announced②declaredIII重点短语1．testout试验；考验①Thenewmedicineisstillintheprocessofbeingtestedout.这种新药还在试验过程中。②Thesoldierswillbetestedoutunderthestressofwar.战士们将要经受战争的考验。[知识运用](1)Scientists________theoriesbyexperiment.A．carryoutB．workoutC．testoutD．figureout答案：C本题题意：科学家用实验来检验理论。testout表示“对……进行彻底检验”。2．ringup(＝callup)给……打电话①SherangTonyupandtoldthesalesmantospeaktohim.她给托尼打电话，让售货员与他讲话。②IrangupPetertoseeifhecouldcometodinner.我给彼得打电话问他是否能来吃饭。[知识拓展](1)ringback 回电话(2)ringoff 挂断电话(3)ringfor 打电话要……[知识运用]完成句子(1)Please______(给他打电话)andaskhimtohurryup.(2)Ihave________(打电话)therestauranttobookaroomforthenight.答案：(1)ringhimup(2)rungup3．turnaround回转，转身①Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.当她转过身时，格拉迪斯·克拉芬就站在那儿。②Thehunteraskedhissontoturnaroundandfacehim.猎人叫他儿子转过身来，面对着他。[知识拓展](1)turnagainst 背叛；和……敌对(2)turnaway 把……打发走(3)turnback 转回去；往回走(4)turndown减弱；降低；压低(力量、声音等)(5)turnin 把……交给警方；归还(6)turnon 打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等)(7)turnoff 关(电灯、收音机等)(8)turnto 向……求助；翻到；转到(9)turnover 考虑；思索；翻过来(10)turnup 把声音开大；出现；来临；露面(11)turnout生产；出产；(常与to，that连用)结果[知识运用](1)(2010辽宁－28)Thousandsofpeople________towatchyesterday'smatchagainstIreland.A．turnedonB．turnedinC．turnedaroundD．turnedout答案：D本题题意：成千上万的人现场观看了昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turnout表示“出席(某项活动)；在场”。(2)使用介词或副词填空。①Pleaseturnthetelevision________abitasourbabyissleeping.②Nobodycanturn________thewheelofhistory.③Theplanturned________tobeafailure.④Weoftenturn________hishandbookforinformationontransistors.⑤Whydidtheysuddenlyturn________you?⑥Ashehadbrokentheruleofthefactory,hewasturned________.答案：①down②back③out④to⑤against⑥away4．leavealone丢下不管，不理会，不干涉①Leavemealone.不要管我的事。②Goawayandleavemealone!走开，别打扰我！[知识拓展](1)leavebehind 遗留;追过，超过；留下(2)leavesth.aside 不考虑某事物；忽略(3)leaveoffsth./doingsth. 停止某事/做某事(4)leavesb./sth.out 漏；略去[知识运用](1)(四川省德阳市高中2010届高三二诊)HowIwishIhadachancetobe________doingwhatIwouldliketodowithoutbeingdisturbedbyothers.A．leftoutB．leftover C．leftalone D．leftbehind答案：C本题题意：我多么希望有机会不受干扰，独自一人做个人喜欢的事情。leavealone表示“避免扰乱；不打扰”。(2)Inanycasehedidnotknowthegirl'sname，________heraddress.A．leftalone B．letalone C．stoodaloneD．satalone答案：B本题题意：不用说，他连那姑娘的名字也不知道，地址更是搞不清。letalone表示“至于……更不必说”。5．protect...from...保护……不受……①Theybuiltalineoffortsalongthebordertoprotecttheircountryfromattack.他们沿国界设立了许多要塞以保护国家免受侵袭。②Heraisedhisarmtoprotecthisfacefromtheblow.他抬起胳膊保护脸部以免受一击。[词语辨析]protect...from与prevent...from(1)protect...fromsth.保护……免受……；既可指防御敌人的攻击，又可指防御自然界的损害，如风雨、日晒、寒冷、炎热、疾病等。Oatshelplowerbloodpressureandprotectagainstheartdisease.燕麦有助于降低血压和预防心脏病。(2)prevent...fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人干某事”，from可以省略，但变为被动时from不省略。Whopreventstheirplansfrombeingcarryingout?谁阻止他们的计划不让实施？[知识运用](1)(河南省焦作市、开封市2010届高三第二次模拟联考)Itisgoingtoraintoday.Takeanumbrellawithyouto________youfromtherain.A．stop B．prevent C．keep D．protect答案：D本题题意：今天要下雨。带上雨伞为你遮雨。protect...from/against...表示“防止……遭受……；使……免于，保护……使不受……”。(2)单句改错①Mr.Whitewaswearingdarkglassestoprotecthiseyesforthesun.________________________________________________________________________②Thiskindofmedicineshouldbepreventedfromlight.________________________________________________