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授课题目UNIT1

AUTOMOTIVEBASICS授课类型理论课首次授课时间学时2学时教学目标1、汽车基本组成,各组成部分的作用和构成;2、汽车类型英文术语。重点与难点重点:汽车基本组成,各组成部分的作用和构成;难点:汽车类型英文术语;教学手段与方法多媒体教学教学过程:(包括授课思路、过程设计、讲解要点及各部分具体内容、时间分配等)1.授课思路在学习了前置课程之后,通过专业英语的学习,进行与汽车相关技术的结构原理的中文英文对接,培养和提高英文专业资料(信息)的阅读能力,从而为与专业英语密切相关的后续课程奠定了必要的基础。2.过程设计:(1)课程内容简介(5分钟)。(2)导入新课(15分钟)(3)新课内容(75分钟)教师根据学生学习的情况,对课程内容的重点和难点进行讲解。(4)课程小结(5分钟)3.授课内容:TheBasicComponentsofanAutomobileToday'saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether.Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipments.EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission[1].Allengineshavefuel,exhaust,cooling,andlubricationsystems.Gasolineenginesalsohaveanignitionsystem.Theignitionsystemsuppliestheelectricsparkneededtoignitetheair-fuelmixtureinthecylinders.Whentheignitionswitchisturnedon,currentflowsfromthe12-voltstoragebatterytotheignitioncoil.Thecoilbooststhevoltagetoproducethestrongsparkof20,000Vneededtoignitetheenginefuel.Theautomobilesuppliesalltheelectricityitneedsthroughitselectricalsystem.Forexample,theelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thefuelsystemstoresliquidfuelanddeliversittotheengine.Thefuelisstoredinthetank,whichisconnectedtoafuelpumpbyafuelline.Thefuelispumpedfromthefueltankthroughthefuellines.Itisforcedthroughafilterintothecarburetorwhereitismixedwithair,orintothefuelinjectionsystem.Thefuelismixedwithairtoformacombustiblemixtureinthecarburetor,themanifold,orthecylindersthemselves[2].Thecoolingsystemremovesexcessiveheatfromtheengine.Thetemperatureinenginecombustionchambersisabout2,000℉(1,094℃).Sincesteelmeltsataround2,500℉(1,354℃),thisheatmustbecarriedawaytopreventenginedamage.BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable.Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modemappearanceforthevehicle.Itisstreamlinedtolessenwindresistanceandtokeepthecarfromswayingatthedrivingspeeds.Asedanhasanenclosedbodywithamaximumof4doorstoallowaccesstothepassengercompartment.Thedesignalsoallowsforstorageofluggageorothergoods.ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems.PowerTrainThepowertrainsystemcomprisesclutch,transmission,propellershaft,rearaxleanddifferentialandthedrivingroadwheels.Theclutchortorqueconverterhasthetaskofdisconnectingandconnectingtheengine'spowerfromandtothedrivingwheelsofthevehicle.Thisactionmaybemanualorautomatic.SteeringSystemThesteeringsystem,underthecontrolofthedriveratthesteeringwheel,providesthemeansbywhichthefrontwheelsaredirectionallyturned.Thesteeringsystemmaybepowerassistedtoreducetheeffortrequiredtoturnthesteeringwheelandmakethevehicleeasiertomanoeuvre.BrakeSystemThebrakingsystemonavehiclehasthreemainfunctions.Itmustbeabletoreducethespeedofthevehicle,whennecessary;itmustbeabletostopthecarinasshortadistanceaspossible;itmustbeabletoholdthevehiclestationary.Thebrakingactionisachievedasaresultofthefrictiondevelopedbyforcingastationarysurface(thebrakelining)intocontactwitharotatingsurface(thedrumordisc).Eachwheelhasabrakeassembly,ofeitherthedrumtypeorthedisctype,hydraulicallyoperatedwhenthedriverappliesthefootbrakepedal.ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircuitconsistsofabattery,andanalternator(orgenerator).Thebatterystoreselectricity.Thealternatorchangestheengine'smechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergyandrechargesthebattery.ElectricalEquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplieselectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylev

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