2023年北京市中考英语真题(解析版)

试卷第=page44页，共=sectionpages1111页2023年北京市初中学业水平考试时间:90分钟满分:60分第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项1．Mysisterenjoyssingingand________favoritesubjectismusic.A．his B．her C．your D．their2．It’sagoodideatovisitBeijing________October.A．at B．on C．in D．to3．—MustIstayhereandwaitforyou?—No,you________.Youcangohomenow.A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t4．—Whichdoyoulike________,swimmingorskating?—Swimming.A．well B．better C．best D．thebest5．—________doyoutidyyourownroom?—Twiceaweek.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．Howmuch D．Howlong6．Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain,________Samgottothetopatlast.A．or B．so C．for D．but7．—Lucy,whatareyoudoing?—I________amodelship.A．make B．made C．ammaking D．wasmaking8．TheShenzhou-15astronauts________toEarthsafelyonJune4,2023.A．return B．returned C．willreturn D．havereturned9．Ifyougototheconcertwithustomorrow,you________agreattimethere.A．have B．had C．willhave D．havehad10．Eric________manythingssincehebecameinterestedinscience.A．islearning B．waslearning C．willlearn D．haslearned11．Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．areplanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted12．—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A．whatyouwilldo B．whatyoudid C．whatwillyoudo D．whatdidyoudo二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。BeWhat’sMissingWherewasthatcashier(收银员)?Impatient,Iquicklylookedatmywatch.Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.Ilookedaroundthenearlyempty13,butthecashierwasnowhereinsight.Awomanstoodwiping(擦)thefarendofthecounter.Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad,darkeyes.I14,gettingangry.I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!Controllingmyanger,IrememberedMom’swords.“Wheneveryoufindyourselfinanunpleasantsituation,justthinkaboutwhatismissing.Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.Ifsomeoneishateful,then15ismissing.Ifwewillbewhat’smissing,thenwe’llprovidewhateverthesituationneeds.”AndhereIwasinanunpleasantsituation.HowshouldI“bewhat’smissing”?Whatwasmissingwas16.MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.Justthenthewomanwalkedslowlytowardsme.“MayIhelpyou?”sheasked,still17.Shelookedsotired.Nodoubt,shewasoverworked.Itookadeepbreath.WithMom’swordsringinginmyhead,Igavethewomanmyorder...andsmiled.“Howareyoutoday?”Myquestionseemedto18her.Sheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering.“Nottoogood.”“I’msorry.”Isaid.“Ihopeitgetsbetterstartingrightnow.”Shealmostsmiledasshelookedatme.“Thanks.Ihopeyou’reright.”IthoughttomyselfasIatemysandwich.We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.Weneedtobe19toeachother.Aftereating,Iwipedthetablecleanerthanusual,andputthetray(托盘)backnicelyonthestand.Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.“Bewhat’smissing.”It20.13．A．restaurant B．street C．school D．office14．A．agreed B．finished C．waited D．left15．A．trust B．love C．patience D．confidence16．A．hope B．advice C．money D．service17．A．nervously B．carefully C．coldly D．kindly18．A．disappoint B．hurt C．trouble D．surprise19．A．nicer B．cooler C．closer D．fairer20．A．said B．worked C．read D．ended三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)(一)阅读下列课程介绍,请根据人物喜好和需求匹配最适合的课程,并将课程所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。AShortArtCoursesA.WildArtThiscourseisaboutdrawingandpainting.You’lluseyournewskillstomakeawallposterofanimals.Andwe’vegotlotsofpicturebookstogiveyouideas.B.ArtMattersThiscourseteachesyoudifferentdrawingskills.We’llgetyoutodrawthelateststylesofclothes.Ifyoulikedesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege,joinus!C.CreativeArtThiscourseisaboutmakingbagstokeepyoursportsclothesin.Weprovidelotsofmaterials.Andyou’llvisitartmuseumstogetsomecreativeideas.D.ArtMagicThiscourseisabouttellinggoodstoriesinpictures.There’llbecartoonfilmstowatchandinstructioninhowtodrawyourfavoritecharacters.21．I’minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.Alice22．IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI’dliketoreadpicturebooks.Tony23．Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.Harry(二)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。BBettywasexcitedtoshowherbrotherDavidthebasketfilledwithseashells.ButDavidwasbusyhelpingDadgeteverythingbackintothecar.“Whatareyougoingtodowiththoseuselessthings?”hesaid.“Youcan’ttakethemhome.”“ButIwanttheseseashells,”Bettysaidunhappily.“Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial.”Suddenly,Davidsawthewaterrisingalongthebeach.HeshoutedtoBetty,“Thewaves（海浪）areabouttotakeyourtoys!”AsBettyrantogetherthings,shecalledtoDavid,“Pleaseputmyseashellsintothecar!”Davidwasputtingoneofthebeachchairsintothecarwhenhisfootaccidentallyknockedoverthebasket.AsDavidliftedaheavybox,heslipped（滑倒）anddroppedtheboxrightontopoftheseashells,breakingmostofthemintopieces.Bettycamebackwithhertoys.Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocry.Davidstartedtopickuptheseashellsandplacethemcarefullybackintothebasket.DadtriedtoexplaintoBettythatitwasanaccident.ButBettywasstillupset.Davidalsofeltsad.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.ThenextmorningDavidwaitedforBettywiththebasketofseashellsandsomestrongglue.Healsohadaframed（装框的）photoofthetwoofthem.Togethertheylookedthroughthebasketandfoundseveralseashellsthatwerenotbrokenandcouldstillbeused.Thentheygluedtheseashellstotheframe.“I’mreallysorry,Betty.”Davidsaid.“YesterdayIwasverycarelesswithsomethingspecialtoyou.”Bettylookedatherbrotherandsmiled.“You’rethebestbigbrotherever!”24．WhatdidBettythinkoftheseashells?A．Clean. B．Useless. C．Expensive. D．Special.25．Bettybegantocrywhen________.A．sheslippedandhurtherself B．sheknockedoverthebasketC．shesawthebrokenseashells D．shetoldherdadabouttheaccident26．Davidgluedtheseashellstotheframeto________.A．makeituptohissister B．develophispaintingskillC．prepareagiftforhisdad D．makethepicturebeautifulCDoyouknowthatover1/3ofallfoodproducedintheworldgoestowaste?AccordingtotheUnitedNations(UN),everyyeararoundtheworld,aboutonebillion(十亿)tonsoffoodiswasted.Atthesametime,therearenearlyonebillionpeoplewhogohungry.Simply1/4ofthefoodwastedisenoughtokeepthemoutofhunger.Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimate(气候)change.Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?Oneeffectivesolutionisbalancingfoodproductionwithdemand(需求).Inhotelsandothersimilarplaces,specialinstrumentsshouldbeusedsothatcookingspecialistsjustprepareandcookfoodasitisordered.Anothereffectivesolutionisstartingprogramstoreduce(减少)foodwaste.Storesandbuyerscantrytheirbesttobecreativeinfoodwastereduction.Forexample,storescanprovidecustomerswithinstructionstellingthemhowtomakefulluseoffood.Buyerscantrynotfixingtheireyesonlyonfoodofthebestquality(质量).Sometimes,thefoodofnon-topqualityisalsogoodenoughtoeat,orcanbeboughtandthenusedtomakedeliciousdishes.Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.Challengingasitis,theuseofmealplansinpreparingfoodcanplayanimportantroleinendingfoodwasteinthefamily.Foodrecyclingisoneoftheknownsolutions.Effortsarenowalreadyinprogress.Foodthatisnotsafeforhumanstoeatisrecycledintootherproductssuchasanimalfeedsandclothing.Yet,thereisstillalongwaytogoandmuchforimprovementinthisarea.Inaword,foodwastehasbeenoneofthebiggestproblemsintheworldthathaveinfluencedusgreatly.Manysolutionshavebeenfoundandmanymoreareyettobeworkedout.Ifeachofuscanputinmoreefforts,foodwasteissuretobereducedforthegoodofourfuture.27．Accordingtothepassage,whatisapossibleresultoffoodwaste?A．Theproblemofworldwidehunger. B．Abigincreaseinfoodproduction.C．Thespeed-upofclimatechange. D．Asuddendropinpopulation.28．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Foodrecyclinghasbeenhugelysuccessful. B．Buyersshouldgiveupnon-topqualityfood.C．Storesshouldtrainpeopletomakedeliciousdishes. D．Mealplansinthefamilyarehardtoputintopractice.29．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Benefitsofreducingfoodwaste. B．Solutionstothefoodwasteproblem.C．Theimportanceoffightingfoodwaste. D．Theattitudetothefoodwasteproblem.DWhenconsideringthekindofexperiencethatmakeslifebetter,mostpeoplefirstthinkthathappinessdependsonexperiencingpleasure:goodfood,goodjobs,allthecomfortsthatmoneycanbuy.Ifwecouldn’thavethese,wemightaswellsitinfrontofthetelevisiononaquietevening.Pleasureisanimportantpartofthequalityoflife,butbyitselfitdoesn’tbringhappiness.Whenpeoplethinkfurtheraboutwhatmakesaworthylife,theytend(倾向于)tomovebeyondpleasantmemoriesandbegintorememberotherevents,otherexperiencesthatoverlap(有重叠)pleasurableonesbutfallintoagroupwithaseparatename:enjoyment.Enjoyableeventstakeplacewhenpeoplehavenotonlysatisfiedaneedormetsomeearlierexpectation,butalsoachievedsomethingunexpected.Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.Noneoftheseexperiencesmaybeespeciallypleasurablewhentheyaretakingplace,butwhenwethinkbackonthemafterwards,wewouldsay,“Thatreallywasfun”andwishtheywouldhappenagain.Afteranenjoyableeventweknowthatwehavechanged,andgrown.Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.Forexample,everybodytakespleasureineating.However,toenjoysfoodismoredifficult—youhavetopayenoughattentiontoameal,soastosenseandtellitsvarioustastes.Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.Apersoncanfeelpleasurewithoutanyeffort,aslongascertainpartsinhisbrainarestimulated(刺激).Butit’simpossibletoenjoyatennisgameorabookwithoutfullattention.It’sforthisreasonthatpleasuredoesnotlastlong,nordoesitmakeusgrow.Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.Withoutenjoyment,lifewillgoon,anditcanevenbepleasant.Butitdependsheavilyonluckandtheexternal(外部的)environment.Toachievepersonalcontroloverthequalityofexperience,however,weneedtolearnhowtobuildenjoymentintowhathappensdayin,dayout.30．Youwillmostprobablyexperienceenjoymentwhenyou________.A．buyexpensiveshoes B．orderadeliciousmealC．talkwithfriendsfornewideas D．sitquietlyinfrontofatelevision31．Whatdoyouknowaboutpleasureandenjoymentfromthepassage?A．Enjoymentgrowsoutofpleasure.B．Pleasureandenjoymentcomehandinhand.C．Pleasurableexperiencesarepartofenjoyableones.D．Someexperiencesprovidebothpleasureandenjoyment.32．Thewords“psychicenergy”inParagraph4areclosestinmeaningto________.A．attention B．interest C．ability D．knowledge33．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．feelingpleasurestopspeoplefromachievinggrowthB．feelingenjoymentcomeswithachievinggrowthC．aworthylifedependsonluckandenvironmentD．pleasureisthekeytoahappyandworthylife第二部分本部分共5题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(第34-36题每题2分,第37题4分,共10分)阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesitcanbebothersome(恼人的).OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused(专注的).Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundthattheurge(冲动)wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takeaphoto,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.34．Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?35．Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?36．Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?37．Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter’sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)五、文段表达(10分)38.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①38．假设你是李华。你们班想在毕业之前为学校做一件有意义的事，如种植纪念树、去校图书馆整理图书等。你打算邀请交换生Peter参加这次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动内容、意义及安排。提示词语：invite,plant,meaningful,beautiful,library提示问题：Whatactivitydoyouplantodo?Whydoyouwanttoorganizethisactivity?Whenandwherewillyouhavethisactivity?DearPeter,Howiseverythinggoing?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopetohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua题目②39．同学们参加过各种各样的社团，如篮球队、合唱团等。假设你是李华。请你用英语写一篇短文给学校英文网站投稿，介绍一个你参加过的社团，谈谈这个社团的活动内容以及你的收获。提示词语：takepartin,practice,skill,benefit,progress提示问题：Whatclubdidyoujoin?Whatdidyoudointheclub?Whathaveyoulearnedfromtheexperience?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page88页，共=sectionpages88页1．B【详解】句意：我妹妹喜欢唱歌，她最喜欢的科目是音乐。考查代词辨析。his他的；her她的；your你的；their他们的。根据“Mysisterenjoyssinging”可知此处指“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目，用her。故选B。2．C【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。3．A【详解】句意：——我必须待在这里等你吗？——不，你不需要。你现在可以回家。考查动词辨析。needn’t不需要；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“MustIstayhereandwaitforyou?”可知，用情态动词must提问，其否定回答应用needn’t表示“不需要”。故选A。4．B【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪一个，游泳还是滑冰？——游泳。考查副词比较级。根据“swimmingorskating”可知两者相比较，此处用比较级better。故选B。5．A【详解】句意：——你多久整理一次你自己的房间？——一周两次。考查疑问词组。Howoften多久一次；Howsoon多久以后；Howmuch多少（钱）；Howlong多久。根据“Twiceaweek.”可知询问频率，用Howoften提问。故选A。6．D【详解】句意：爬山很困难，但是Sam最终还是到达了山顶。考查从属连词辨析。or或者，否则；so因此；for因为；but但是。根据空前“Itwasdifficulttoclimbthemountain”和空格后“Samgottothetopatlast”可知前后分句为转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but来连接。故选D。7．C【详解】句意：——露西，你在干什么？——我正在制作一个轮船模型。考查现在进行时。根据“whatareyoudoing?”可知句子应用现在进行时来回答，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+现在分词。故选C。8．B【详解】句意：神舟15号宇航员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。考查时态。根据“onJune4,2023”可知是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式returned。故选B。9．C【详解】句意：如果你明天和我们一起去听音乐会，你会玩得很开心的。考查时态。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，其结构为willdo。故选C。10．D【详解】句意：自从Eric对科学感兴趣以来，他已经学习了很多东西。考查现在完成时。根据“sincehebecameinterestedinscience”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为：have/has+过去分词。故选D。11．A【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。考查时态和语态。主语“morekindsofflowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“everyyear”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/aredone。故选A。12．B【详解】句意：——莉莉，你能告诉我今年端午节你做了什么吗？——确定。我们吃了粽子，看了赛龙舟。考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除CD；主现从不限，结合“Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.”可知，从句用一般过去时，排除A。故选B。13．A14．C15．B16．D17．C18．D19．A20．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在快餐店吃饭时，因为迟迟没有人点单而生气，但是想到了妈妈的话他决定对别人友善一些。他认为我们每个人都是一样的，有烦恼会生气，会累也会受伤，因此我们需要更耐心地对待他人。13．句意：我环顾了几乎空荡的餐厅，但收银员不在视线内。restaurant餐厅；street街道；school学校；office办公室。根据上文“Ihardlyhadenoughtimetoeatasandwichandrushbacktowork.”并结合空后“butthecashierwasnowhereinsight”可推断出作者需要出来吃点东西，然后回去工作，应是环顾餐厅。故选A。14．句意：我在等待中变得生气。agreed同意；finished完成；waited等待；left留下。根据后文“I’dbeenstandingthereforatleastthreeminutes!”可知此处指的是在等待中变得生气。故选C。15．句意：如果一个人是讨厌的，那么爱不见了。trust相信；love爱；patience耐心；confidence自信心。根据前文“Ifsomeoneisunkind,thenkindnessismissing.”可知unkind和kindness为对应关系，结合空前“Ifsomeoneishateful”与hateful对应的词为love，故选B。16．句意：不见的是服务。hope希望；advice建议；money钱；service服务。根据空后“MaybeIshouldjustjumpbehindthecounterandtakemyownorder.”可推知此处指的是服务。故选D。17．句意：“我可以帮你吗?”她仍然冷漠地问。nervously紧张地；carefully仔细地；coldly冷漠地；kindly友善地。根据第二段最后一句“Shelookedatmecoldlywithsad,darkeyes.”可知此处是coldly的同词复现，对应空格前的“still”，意思是她仍然冷漠地问。故选C。18．句意：我的问题似乎使她惊讶。disappoint使失望；hurt使受伤；trouble使烦恼；surprise使惊讶。根据后文“Sheeyedmeforasecondbeforeanswering.”可推知作者的问题似乎使她惊讶。故选D。19．句意：我们需要对彼此更友善。nicer更友善的；closer更近的；cooler更冷漠的；fairer更公正的。根据前文“We’reallthesame,really.Wehaveproblemsandangers,wegettiredandwehurt.”可推知需要对彼此更友善。故选A。20．句意：“成为缺失的东西。”它凑效了。said说；worked工作，奏效；read阅读；ended结束。根据“Thewomanwaswatchingme,abigsmileonherface.”可推知作者以善良应对冷漠，最终奏效了。故选B。21．B22．A23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个短期美术课程，并为三个孩子匹配适合他们的课程。21．根据“I’minterestedindesigningclothesandwanttostudyitatcollege.”可知爱丽丝对设计衣服感兴趣，想要在大学学习设计衣服，B项“艺术很重要本课程教你不同的绘画技巧。我们会让你画最新款式的衣服。如果你喜欢服装设计，想在大学里学习它，加入我们吧！”与之匹配。故选B。22．根据“IenjoymakingwallpostersofanimalsandI’dliketoreadpicturebooks.”可知托尼喜欢制作动物海报和读图画书，A项“野生的艺术这门课程是关于素描和绘画的。你将使用你的新技能制作一幅动物海报。我们有很多图画书可以给你灵感。”与之匹配。故选A。23．根据“Ilikemakinghagsandwanttovisitartmuseumstogetcreativeideas.”可知哈里喜欢制作包，并且想要参观艺术博物馆来寻找创作灵感，C项“创造性的艺术这门课程是关于制作包来装你的运动服。我们提供很多材料。你还可以参观艺术博物馆，获得一些创意。”与之匹配。故选C。24．D25．C26．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Betty一家去海边玩，回家的时候Betty捡了一筐贝壳但是被她的哥哥David不小心弄碎了，Betty很沮丧，第二天David为了表示自己的歉意，主动提出把几个完好无损的贝壳粘在装有他们两个相片的相框边。Betty原谅了David，认为David永远是最棒的哥哥。24．细节理解题。根据“Eachoneisadifferentshapeandsize.Theyareallspecial.”可知，Betty觉得那些贝壳很特别。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据“Whenshesawherseashellsbroken,shebegantocry.”可知，当她看到贝壳碎了，她开始哭泣起来。故选C。26．细节理解题。根据“Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddotomakeituptohissister.Whenhegothome,hehadaperfectidea.”可知David把贝壳粘在相框上是为了补偿她的妹妹。故选A。27．C28．D29．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物浪费的现状以及四个解决食物浪费问题的方法，并得出结论：如果我们每个人都做出努力，食物浪费问题一定会有所改善。27．细节理解题。根据“Inaddition,thewastedfoodproducesoverthreebilliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2),whichspeedsupclimatechange.”可知食物浪费可能造成的一个结果是气候变化的加速。故选C。28．细节理解题。根据“Oneofthehardestsolutionstoachieveisforeachandeveryonetobuyandpreparefoodwithaplanoftheirownsothatlessfoodiswasted.”可知家庭的膳食计划很难付诸实施。故选D。29．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Whatcanwedotosolvethisfoodwasteproblem?”以及通读全文可知主要介绍了四种解决食物浪费问题的方法。故选B。30．C31．D32．A33．B【导语】本文主要讲述了快乐和享受的联系和对比。30．推理判断题。根据“Playingatennisgamethatimprovesone’sabilityisenjoyable,asisreadingabookthatshowsthingsinanewlight,asishavingaconversationthatleadsustoexpressideaswedidn’tknowwehad.”可知打一场能提高一个人能力的网球是令人愉快的，就像读一本从新的角度看待事物的书一样，就像进行一场能让我们表达自己不知道自己拥有的想法的谈话一样。由此推出当你和朋友谈论新想法时，你很可能会体验到乐趣。故选C。31．细节理解题。根据“Experiencesthatgivepleasurecanalsogiveenjoyment,butthetwofeelingsarequitedifferent.”可知有些经历既能带来愉悦，又能带来享受。故选D。32．词义猜测题。根据“Asthisexamplesuggests,wecanexperiencepleasurewithoutanypsychicenergy,whileenjoymenthappensonlyasaresultoffullattention.”可知正如这个例子所表明的，我们可以在没有任何精神能量的情况下体验快乐，而享受只有在全神贯注的情况下才会发生。psychicenergy与attention意思相近。故选A。33．观点态度题。根据“Enjoymentischaracterizedbyasenseofcuriosity,ofachievement.”以及“Growthrequiresfullattentiontogoalsthatarenew,thatarerelativelychallenging.”可知作者会赞成“感到快乐与得到成长是相辅相成的”这一观点。故选B。34．Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.35．Afterthreeweeks.36．Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.37．Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreet