模块5第一单元短语

模块5第一单元短语Readinggetalong/geton:进展，进步：Oursonisgettingon/alongwellatschoolnow.getalong/onwithsth.（在…上）取得进展Howdoyougetalongwithyournewjob?2)应付，对付（Ican’tgetalongwithoutyourhelp.）3)与某人相处融洽：getalong/onwithsb.补充：getsth.acrosstosb向某人把某事表达清楚；使人理解…getmyideaacrosstoeveryone把我的想法向每个人表达清楚developfriendshipwithsb.和某人建立友谊“值得的”：worth,worthy,worthwhile，这三个都是形容词，意思差不多，但是用法不同，请注意区别：worth通常放在be动词之后:beworth+n./doing（主动表被动）Thebookisworth$100.Thebookisworthreading.2)Hisbehaviourisworthyofgreatpraise.（beworthyof+n.）Thebookisworthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytoberead.(值得被…beworthyofbeingdone或者beworthytobedone)3)Teachingisaveryworthwhilecareer.ThevisittoParisisworthwhile.Itisworthwhilereading/toreadthebook.(worthwhile“值得干的，值得花时间/精力等的”，常用词组：Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.)Reading:1.columnistn.专栏作家2.feelbetrayedbymyfriend感到被朋友出卖了3.primaryschool=elementaryschool小学4.funnu.nofun无趣的；havefun玩的开心；makefunofsb取笑，嘲笑justforfun只为好玩，只为高兴5.betrayvt.出卖，背叛；泄露（秘密等）1)betraysb/sth:Hefeltthatshehadbetrayedhim.betraytheircountryformoney2)betraysthtosb把…出卖/泄露给…:betrayhiscountrytotheenemy6.academicadj.学术的，学院的；成绩好的7.likeitthatway就喜欢那样8.getgoodgrades取得好分数9.asurprisemathquiz一个突袭的数学测验10.Imusthavesoundedveyproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwas.1)情态动词+havedone,表示过去2)saying在这里是现在分词做伴随状语11.ashamedadj.羞愧的，惭愧的shamen.羞愧，惭愧feel/beashamedof+n.;feel/beashamedtodo;feel/beashamedthat…IfeltashamedofthethingsI'dsaidtohim.I'mashamedtoadmitthatI'veneverreadanyofhisbooks.I'mashamedthatIhaven'trepliedtoyourletteryet.12.fail(in)asimplequiz在一个简单的测验中没及格13.pretendvt./vi.假装；装扮；自以为，自称词组：pretendtodo假装…(也有pretendtobedoing假装，装扮正在做…pretendtohavedone假装，装扮已经…(表示过去)pretendthat…14.admitvt./vi.（-tted;-tting）承认（一个事实；做错事;犯罪）；准许进入，接收入学/入院1)承认：admit(to)sth承认某事admit(to)doing/havingdone承认做了…admitthat…承认…2)准许进入，接收入学/入院admitsbto/intosthbeadmittedto/intosth(Onlyticket-holderswillbeadmittedintothestadium.)admissionn.承认；许可，入场费,入场券15.begvt./vi.恳求，请求；乞讨（begged,begged）beggarn.乞丐beg(sb)todo/forsth（向某人）请求，恳求，乞讨…beg(sb)nottodo请求某人不要做…Ibegyourpardon.对不起，请你再说一遍。16.keepone’ssecret保守秘密17.stareatsb/sth盯着…;凝视…18.feellikesth./doing/+从句“想要…”今天晚上我不想喝啤酒。Idon’tfeellikebeertonight.我难过得想哭。IwassoupsetthatIfeltlikecrying.我想要散散步。IfeltlikeIneededawalk.19.IthoughtthatHannahmusthavetoldmyclassmatesaboutmygradeafterpromisingnotto(tellmyclassmatesaboutmygrade).动词不定式的省略，为了避免与上文重复，要保留to。Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnotto.---Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?---Notatall.I’dbehappyto.注意：1）－Aren’tyoutheheadmaster?

－No,andIdon’twanttobe.2）－Hasn’thefinishedwritingthereport?

－No,butheoughttohave.（如果to后面有be或者havedone，要保留tobe和tohave）20.behindone’sback在某人背后21.straightadj./adv.直接，径直(副词就是straight，没有straightly)gostraightto…直接去…22.keepone’sword遵守诺言（这里的word不用复数）Wordcamethathersondied.这里的word表示“消息，讯息”，此时的word前面通常不加冠词，也不用复数。词组：haveawordwithsb=talktosbina/oneword总而言之inotherwords换句话讲23.swear-swore-swornv.发誓；承诺，答应；骂脏话，咒骂（咒骂某人：swearatsb）24.belongtosb属于…Thebagbelongstohim.(不用被动)Ihatethebagbelongingtohim.(分词做后置定语，不用belonged)25.spyonsb/sth监视，监听26.forgive-forgave-forgivenvt.原谅forgivesbfor…因为…原谅某人forgivedoing(Iwon’tforgivebeingcheatedbyanyone.)P3:1.introuble困境中sincechildhood从孩童时代起amatchagainstanotherschool与另一所学校的球赛against介词“反对，违反，对抗；靠着（Hesatwithhisbackagainstthewall.）;在…衬托下,迎着(Brightredflagsflowinthewindagainstthebluesky.Itisdifficulttoseeanythingagainstthisbrightlight.).”focusvt./vi.集中注意力于…(=concentrate);（使）聚焦；n.焦点，重点focus（sth）onsth/sb（把…）集中在/聚焦在…上determinetodo（动词短语）决定做…bedeterminedtodo(形容词短语)决定做…注意：Helefthomedeterminednevertocomeback.(这里determined是形容词做状语，表示他离开家时的状态。)6.pacenc.速度；步伐；节奏paceofchange/reform/growth/life变化的速度/改革步伐/增长速度/生活节奏atone’sownpace以某人自己的步伐/节奏atarapid/slow/steadypacekeep/stepupthepace保持/加快步伐keeppacewith…（与…）步调一致Salarieshavenotalwayskeptpacewithinflation（通货膨胀）.Slowdown!Ican'tkeeppacewithyou.asaresultofhiscarelessplaying由于他比赛时的疏忽getangrywithsb生某人的气manner可数名词单数：方式，方法；态度，举止复数：礼貌，礼仪；风俗习惯1）inthismanner以这种方式（注意：Idon’tlikethemannerinwhichyoutalktome.）2）good/badmanners有/没礼貌It’sgood/badmannerstodo…做…是有/没有礼貌（It'sbadmannerstotalkwithyourmouthfull.）3)tablemanners餐桌礼仪4）mindyourmanners注意礼貌10.turnintoahorribleargument变成一场可怕的争吵turninto/tosth变成；turntosb(forhelp)向某人求助，turntosth变成…;翻到第几页；turnout结果是…;turnin上交；turnaway转身，走开；turnup调高音量；出现turndown调低音量；拒绝11.accusevt.指责，谴责；控告accusesbof(doing)sth因为…指责；控告某人12.remarknc./v.评论makesomecruelremarks说了一些伤人的话remarkon/upon…评论…13.dislikesth/doingsth不喜欢…14.arguewithsbabout/oversth因为…和某人争论15.apologizetosbfor(doing)sth因为…向某人道歉apologyn.makeanapologytosbfor…16.eventhough/evenif尽管asthough/asif好像，似乎17.can’thelp(to)do不能帮忙做某事（I’mbusynowandcan’thelpcleanthehouse.）Can’thelpdoing忍不住，情不自禁做某事Can’twaittodo等不及做某事18.quarrelv./n.吵架（过去式，过去分词可直接加ed，也可双写l再加ed）19.bitteradj.苦的，痛苦的；怨恨的，刻薄的，讽刺的；严寒的，严酷的20.haveeveryrighttodo完全有权利做某事21.Idon’tdoubtthathewillwin.Idoubtwhether/ifhewillwin.22.envysb羡慕，嫉妒某人envysbsth羡慕某人…(envyhimhissuccess)envy也可做名词，Ididitoutofenvy.我这么做是出于嫉妒。enviousadj.羡慕人的beenviousof…=envy…23.liewithsb是某人的责任（Theproblemlieswithyou.）24.embarrassyouinpublic在公共场合让你难堪25.avoiddoing/beingdone避免…26.losethematch输掉比赛27.begiftedat/in…=haveagiftfor…在…方面有天分28.beforelong不久以后longbefore很久以前29.blamev.责备，谴责blamesbfor…因为…责备某人（区别：accusesbof…因为…谴责，责备某人，介词不同）blamesthonsb把…责任归咎于某人sb+betoblame某人应该受到责备（不用betobeblamed）责备，（做错事的）责任taketheblame承担错事的责任put/laytheblameonsb把责任归咎于某人身上30separatev.分离，分开adj.单独的，各自的，分开的gotheirseparateways各走各的路Grammarthanksbfor(doing)sth因为…感谢某人thankyouforyourlastletter2persuadev.（成功）说服persuadesbtodo/intodoing说服某人做某事persuadesboutofdoing说服某人不要做…persuasionn.说服persuasiveadj.有说服力的，令人信服的3speakingof…说起，说到…(=Whenitcomesto…)4closevt.关闭（closethedoor）adj./adv.近的，接近的（接近，靠近…:be/keepclosetosb/sth）closelyadv.仔细地，严密地becomeclosefriends成为亲密的朋友ratherthan而不是otherthan除了（Youcan’tgettotheislandotherthanbyboat.除非坐船，否则你到不了那个岛）jointhebadmintonteam参加羽毛球队（join+组织，表示成为里面的一员）jointheteam/club/Party（政党）/League（团）developagreatfriendship建立一段伟大的友谊invitesbto+n.邀请某人去某地invitesbtodo邀请某人去做某事eversince放在句末，表示“从那以后”，此时相当于since如Wehavebeenfriendseversince/since.从那以后我们就成为了好朋友。10notenc.笔记，注释；纸币；便条11wouldrather宁愿，宁可1）wouldratherdosth宁愿做…（Iwouldratherstayathome.）2)wouldratherdoAthandoB宁愿做A也不愿做BIwouldratherstayathomethangoout.我宁愿呆在家也不愿意出去。3）wouldrather+句子，此时句子需要用虚拟语气。Iwouldratheryoustartedtheworknow.Iwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow.(wouldrather后面的句子如果指现在和将来，就用一般过去时)IwouldratherIhadn’ttoldyouaboutthenewsthatday.(wouldrather后面的句子如果指过去，就要用haddone)12visit/see/gotothedentist看牙医13hard-workingadj.努力的，用功的hardworkn.辛苦，努力14allthetime一直；aheadoftime/aheadofschedule提前atatime一次atonetime曾经，一度atthesametime同时attimes/fromtimetotime有时，不时intime及时ontime准时innotime立即，立刻can’twaittodo等不及，迫不及待做（注意：waiting不要双写t）can’thelpdoing忍不住，情不自禁做amusevt.逗乐某人，使快乐amusesbwithsth(amusetheaudiencewithjokes用笑话逗乐观众)adj.:amusing令人快乐的，有趣的（anamusingstory）amused快乐的beamusedby/at/withsth以…为乐（beamusedbythejokes）beamusedtodo乐于做…(I’mamusedtoseethefunnyshow.)theviewon/aboutsth关于某事的观点chatroom聊天室regularlyadv.有规律地，定期地chatontheInternetdaily每天上网聊天createanewidentityformyself为我自己创建一个新身份23createvt.创作creationn.创作，作品creativeadj.有创造力的creativityn.创造力creaturen.（注意发音）生物，人24identityn.身份identifyvt.辨认，确认身份identifythemanamongsomanypeopleThebodyisstillnotidentified.identifythewalletasyourownsoonafter(…)不久以后SoonafterIgraduatedfromuniversity,Ibecameateacher.26discouragevt.使气馁，阻止discouragesbfromdoing阻止某人做某事27absurdadj.荒唐的，荒诞的spendanabsurdamountoftime(in)doing花费一段荒唐的时间做…注意：alargeamountoftime大量的时间Theamountofmoneyislarge.(theamountof…“…的数量”)sellthecomputerasapunishment卖掉电脑作为惩罚havefunwithsb和某人一起很有趣，很开心considerdoingsth考虑做…considerationn.考虑考虑…：consider(doing)sth=take…intoconsiderationTask写下：putdown/writedowninterviewn./vt.采访，访问；面试intervieween.被采访/被面试者interviewern.进行面试者theanswer/approach/keyto(doing)sth…的回答/方法；入口，接近/关键；钥匙beofhelptoyou=behelpfultoyou对你有帮助advancev./n.前进，向前移动；进步；提前advancetowardsthetown前进Scienceandtechnologyhasgreatlyadvancedoverthepast20years.进步advancethedateofthemeeting将会议日期提前inadvance提前，预先inadvanceof…比…前进/进步Hisideaswereinadvanceofhistimes.advancedadj.进步的，高级的advancementn.6expressionnc.表达，表达方式；表情7Movingtoanewtownorareacanbeadifficulttime.can在肯定句中，可以表示推测，表示理论上的可能性。time做“时间”不可数，这里表示“一段时期”，是可数名词。time表示“时代”，“倍数，次数”也是可数名词。findyourwayaround找到出路bytheway顺便说一下；inthe/one’sway挡路，碍事inaway从某种程度上说；makeone’sway去…makewayfor…给…让路；给…让位thefirsttime+句子（Hewasattractedbyherthefirsttimetheymet.）forthefirsttime一般在句中做状语：Forthefirsttime,wesawhispenfriend.10besimilartosb/sth与…相似besimilarin…在…方面相似similaritync.相似点11suffervt./vi.受苦，受折磨，患病sufferinsilence默默的忍受痛苦sufferseriousdamage遭受严重的损害sufferfrom…受…的苦/折磨12getthrough接通电话(getthroughtosb接通某人的电话)；通过（考试，法案等）；完成Toourdelight,hehasgotthroughthedrivingtest.Howlongdoesittaketogetthroughthework?getacross传达，使理解getback取回getover克服，战胜，痊愈getround/around到处走走；传播消息getalong/geton相处融洽；进展，取得进步；应付getdowntodoingsth开始做…;着手做…asidefrom…=apartfrom…除了…statevt.陈述n.州；状态stayateenagerforeverstay这里是系动词，“保持，仍然”，后接形容词或名词haveasenseofhumor有幽默感makesense有意义，有道理makenosense没意义，没道理makesenseof…理解inasense从某种意义上讲Thereisnosenseindoing…做…是没意义，没道理的17acquaintancenc.熟人nu.相识，略有交情maketheacquaintanceofsb=makeone’sacquaintance结识某人watch/lookoutforsth小心，当心…findout查清楚，弄明白theotherday前几天Project(第一篇)agreeonsth（几方）关于…意见一致agreewithsth/sb同意，赞成；与…一致（Hiswordsdon’tagreewithhisaction.）;适合（Meatdoesn’tagreewithhim.）agreetosth同意建议，提议2.puzzlesb使某人困惑puzzlevt.使困惑n.难题，谜3.becuriousabout…对…好奇的，有求知欲的becurioustodo(因好奇)很想做…curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲4.reply-replied-repliedv.回答，回应（replytosb/sth回答…）；n.回答，回应5.theattitudetowards/to…对…的态度6.beanchoredin…基于…anchorv.停泊，基于n.锚7.bebasedon/upon…以…为基础basev.以…为基础n.底部，底座；基地basisn.基础8.sb/sth+belikelytodo某人有可能做…9.cautiousadj.小心的，谨慎的becuriousabout/of(doing)sth关于…小心，谨慎的cautionn.小心，谨慎10.sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物11.eageradj.渴望的，热切的beeagertodo渴望做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物beeagerforsbtodo渴望某人做某事eagernessn.区别：anxiousadj.渴望的，热切的（=eager）；忧虑的（=worried）12.happentodosth碰巧做某事sth+happentosb(某事发生在某人身上：Anaccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.)Itoccurstosbthat…某人突然想起…(ItoccurstomethatIforgotmybooksathome.)13.adolescentadj.青春期的nc.青少年adolescentmales/females青春期男孩子/女孩子14.namevt.取名，命名；说出名字nameasinglebestfriend说出一个好友的名字nameAafterB以B给A命名（Theboywasnamedafterhisgrandfather.）15.respondv.回答，作出回应（respondtosb/sth）responsen.inresponsetosb/sth（介词短语）回答，回应make/givenoresponse(tosb/sth)（对…）没回应，没反应16.bebusywithsthbebusydoing忙于…17.pausev./n.停顿