5-雅思填空、图表、简答题解析

第五讲雅思阅读主观题下填空、图表、简答王莹一、填空题概述解题方法与SUMMARY题完全一样题目讲解例1：剑二T2P2Q14-17例2：剑七T1P1Q10-13剑二T2P2Q14-17

原文：Publicity

comes

only

when

afailure

to

communicate

has

majorconcequences,such

as

strikes,lostorders,legal

problems,or

fatal

accidents-even,at

times,war.Q14

Language

problems

may

come

tothe

attention

of

public

when

they

have＿＿such

as

fatal

accidents

or

socialproblems.

原文：In

the

English-speaking

scientific

world,for

example,surveys

of

books

anddocuments

consulted

in

libraries

and

otherinformation

agencies

have

shown

that

verylittle

foreign

language

material

is

everconsulted.

Q15

Evidence

of

the

extent

of

the

languagebarrier

has

been

gained

from＿＿＿

ofmaterials

used

by

scientists

such

as

booksand

periodicals.

原文：British

industry,in

particular,

has

inrecent

decades

often

been

criticized

for

itslinguistic

insularity

for

its

assumption

thatforeign

buyers

will

be

happy

to

communicate

inEnglish,

and

that

awareness

of

otherlanguages

is

not

therefore

a

priority.

In

the1960s,

over

two-thirds

of

British

firms

dealingwith

non-English-speaking

customers

wereusing

English

for

outgoing

correspondence;many

had

their

sales

literature

only

in

English

Q16

An

example

of

British

linguistic

insularityis

the

use

of

English

for

materials

such

as＿＿＿

原文：The

changes

in

awareness

have

beenmost

marked

in

English-speaking

countrieswhere

the

realization

has

gradually

dawnedthat

by

no

means

everyone

in

the

world

knowsEnglish

well

enough

to

negotiate

in

it.

This

isespecially

a

problem

when

English

is

not

anofficial

language

of

public

administration,

asmost

parts

of

the

Far

East,

Russia,

EasternEurope,

theArab

world,

Latin

America

andFrench-speaking

Alfrica.

Q17

An

example

of

a

part

of

the

world

wherepeople

may

have

difficulty

in

negotiating

English

is＿＿＿.EXERCISE:It

is

better

to

give

thanto

receive1.

Climate

change

is

a

legitimate

worry.Although

still

riddled

with

uncertainties,the

science

of

climate

change

isbecoming

firmer:

put

too

much

carbon

inthe

atmosphere

and

you

might

end

upcooking

the

earth,

with

possiblycatastrophic

results.

But

here

again,switching

immediately

to

nuclear

power

isnot

the

best

response.

Cutting

the

heftysubsidies

that

go

to

the

world"s

coalproducers

would

help

tilt

the

world"senergy

balance

towards

natural

gas,If

prices

reflected

the

true

costs

ofgeneration,

electricity

demand

would

fall,thus

cutting

greenhouse

emissions.

Complete

the

sentencesbelow.

Use

NO

MORETHAN

THREE

WORDSfromthe

passage

abovefor

each

blank

space.

1.

Two

carbon-free

forms

oenergy

are

and

.which

gives

off

much

less

carbon

dioxide.Developing

countries

subsidise

electricity•

prices

to

the

tune

of

up

to

$120

billion

ayear,

according

to

World

Bank

estimates.

2.

The

main

environmentalrisk

attached

to

nuclearpower

is

.3.

One

disadvantage

of

is

that

they

spoil

thelandscape.4.

Money

presently

used

fonuclear

research

could

bebetter

spent

on

.

5.

The

nuclear

industryshould

operate

nuclearpower

plants

.

2.

Once

the

tough

job

ofcutting

subsidies

is

over,governments

might

wantto

reduce

greenhousegases

further.

Againthere

are

carbon-freeenergies

that

merit

moresubsidies

than

nuclear.The

costs

of

manyrenewable

technologies,such

as

solar

and

windpower,

have

fallendramatically

in

recentdecades.

1.

Two

carbon-free

formsof

energy

are

and

.

2.

The

mainenvironmental

riskattached

to

nuclear

poweis

.3.

One

disadvantage

of

is

that

they

spoil

thlandscape.

4.

Money

presently

usedfor

nuclear

research

coube

better

spent

on

.

5.

The

nuclear

industryshould

operate

nuclearpower

plants

.

3.

Moreover,

supportingnuclear

power

to

ward

offclimate

change

means

swapping

one

environmentalrisk

for

another.

Voters

inmany

countries

fear

radiationlike

the

plague.

The

risks

ofnuclear

accidents

may

be

tiny,but

when

they

happen

theycan

be

catastrophic.Renewables

are

not

withouttheir

environmentaldisadvantages(wind

turbines,for

example,

can

be

unsightlyon

hilltops),

but

are

muchcleaner

than

nuclear.

Thebillions

rich

countries

eachyear

pump

into

nuclearresearch

would

be

betterspent

on

renewables

instead.

1.

Two

carbon-freeforms

of

energy

are

and

.

2.

The

mainenvironmental

riskattached

to

nuclearpower

is

.3.

One

disadvantage

of

is

that

they

spoilthe

landscape.4.

Money

presently

usedfor

nuclear

researchcould

be

better

spent

on

.5.

The

nuclear

industryshould

operate

nuclearpower

plants

.

4.

Having

been

invented,nuclear

power

will

notdisappear.

The

nuclearindustry

still

has

a

job

todo,

running

existingnuclear

plants

to

the

endof

their

lives

as

cheaplyand

safely

as

possible.For

now,

the

case

fornuclear

power

is

full

ofholes.

Asia

should

resistthe

temptation

to

throw

itsmoney

into

them.

1.

Two

carbon-freeforms

of

energy

are

and

.

2.

The

mainenvironmental

riskattached

to

nuclearpower

is

.3.

One

disadvantage

of

is

that

they

spoilthe

landscape.4.

Money

presently

usedfor

nuclear

researchcould

be

better

spent

on

.5.

The

nuclear

industryshould

operate

nuclearpower

plants

.二、图表题流程图题方法与SUMMARY相近题目讲解例1：剑三T2P1Q9-13例2：剑六T3P3Q38-40题型要求题目中有一个图表或一个表格，其中有一些信息，留出空格，要求根据文章填空。一般没有选项可供选择。所填的内容一般分为如下几类：时间、事件及人物数字及排位。物体的构成及功能。流程图。抽象名词解题步骤：（1）找出题目中的关键词。（2）到原文中去找关键词的对应词。仔细阅读对应词所在的句子，确定正确答案。要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基本一致。例题:CThere

are

technical

limitations

to

the

amount

ofpaper

which

can

be

recycled

and

some

paperproducts

cannot

be

collected

for

re-use.

Theseinclude

paper

in

the

form

of

books

and

permanentrecords,

photographic

paper

and

paper

which

isbadly

contaminated.

The

four

most

commonsources

of

paper

for

recycling

are

factories

andretail

stores

which

gather

large

amounts

ofpackaging

material

in

which

goods

are

delivered,also

offices

which

have

unwanted

businessdocuments

and

computer

output,

paper

convertersand

printers

and

lastly

households

which

discardnewspapers

and

packaging

material.

The

papermanufacturer

pays

a

price

for

the

paper

and

mayalso

incur

the

collection

cost.D

Once

collected,

the

paper

has

to

be

sorted

by

hand

by

peopltrained

to

recognize

various

types

of

paper.

This

is

necebecause

some

types

of

paper

can

only

be

made

fromparticular

kinds

of

recycled

fibre.

The

sorted

paper

thenbe

repulped

or

mixed

with

water

and

broken

down

into

itsindividual

fibres.

This

mixture

is

called

stock

and

may

ca

wide

variety

of

contaminating

materials,

particularlymade

from

mixed

waste

paper

which

has

had

little

sorting.Various

machinery

is

used

to

remove

other

materials

fromstock.

After

passing

through

the

repulping

process,

the

ffrom

printed

waste

paper

are

grey

in

color

because

theprinting

ink

has

soaked

into

the

individual

fibres.

Thismaterial

can

only

be

used

in

products

where

the

grey

colordoes

not

matter,

such

as

cardboard

boxes,

but

if

the

greycolor

is

not

acceptable,

the

fibres

must

be

d-inked.

Thisinvolves

adding

chemicals

such

as

caustic

soda

or

otheralkalis,

soaps

and

detergents,

water-hardening

agents

suas

calcium

chloride,

frothing

agents

and

bleaching

agentBefore

the

recycled

fibres

can

be

made

into

paper,

they

mube

refined

or

treated

in

such

a

way

that

they

bond

togetheUse

one

or

two

words

for

each

answer:Waste

paper

collected

from:FactoriesRetail

stores(37)＿＿＿＿＿Paper

converters

and

printersHouseholdsThe

paper

is

then(38)＿＿＿＿＿and(39)＿＿＿＿＿

by

adding

waterChemicals

are

added

in

order

to(40)＿＿＿＿＿The

fibers

are

then(41)＿＿＿＿＿

The

four

most

common

sources

of

paper

forrecycling

are

factories

and

retail

stores

wgather

large

amounts

of

packaging

materialwhich

goods

are

delivered,

also

offices

whihave

unwanted

business

documents

andcomputer

output,

paper

converters

andprinters

and

lastly

households

which

discarnewspapers

and

packaging

material.Waste

paper

collected

from:FactoriesRetail

stores(37)＿＿＿＿＿Paper

converters

and

printersHouseholds

Once

collected,

the

paper

has

to

besorted

by