十年(14-23)高考英语真题与模拟试卷分项汇编专题14 阅读理解七选五（含解析）

专题14阅读理解七选五-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编2023年高考真题Passage1【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.____16____Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”____17____Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.____18____Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.____19____Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陈词滥调)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.____20____We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。【16题详解】根据空前内容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯错)ishuman.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“dothis”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。【17题详解】根据空前内容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文内容“Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。【19题详解】根据空后内容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。【20题详解】根据空前内容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陈词滥调)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后内容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。Passage2【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.___16___You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.___17___·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·___19___Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.___20___Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.AGetoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。【16题详解】根据前文“Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.(从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.(你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.(不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。【17题详解】分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段总结，根据前文“Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.(经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。【18题详解】分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.(不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.(艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Getoutofyourcomfortzone.(走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。【19题详解】分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.(寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。【20题详解】分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.(你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.(坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。Passage3【2023年全国乙卷】Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。【16题详解】根据下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成notonly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。Passage4【2023年全国甲卷】TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?Thereisoneanswer.___16___.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(满足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.___18___.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●___19___.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“___20___.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.C20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.(这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.(然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。2023年名校模拟题Passage1（2023·广东佛山·统考模拟预测）Involvementinactivitiesoutsideofschoolworkmakeshighschoolalotmoreinterestingandfun.1Throughextracurricularactivities,youcandevelopimportantskills,suchasteamwork,publicspeaking,creativity,leadership,andself-awareness.Thefirststepistoexplore.2Whileyoucan’tdoeverything,trytogetinvolvedinasmanyclubs,teams,andactivitiesthatyoufindinteresting.Thereisnotarequiredone-size-fits-alllistofactivities.Whatmattersisthatyoufindclubsandprogramsthatinterestyou!Youwon’tknowifyoulikesomethingifyoudon’ttryit.3Forexample,ifyouthinkyoumightbeinterestedinearningabusinessdegree,findoutifyourhighschoolhasafinancialassociation.Ifyouthinkyou’dlikeacareerinpolitics,checktoseeifyourhighschoolhasaModelUniteNationsproject.Whileyouwanttoappear“wellrounded,”itisimportantthatyoudon’ttakeontoomuch.4Itcanbehelpfultoseefreshmanyearasthetimetotryalotofthings.Inyoursophomoreyear,youcanbeginlimitingyourinvolvementtoyourmostimportantactivities.Thiswillallowyoutospendmoretimeonfewerthings.5Developitintoatruepassionandtrytobeanexpertinit.Thisiswhatmakesyouuniqueandallowsyoutoshineonacollegeapplicationorqualifyforascholarship.A．Bearinmindwhatismostimportanttoyou.B．Youmayfeelithardtomakechoicesattheverybeginning.C．Participateinvariousextracurricularactivitieswithinterest.D．Asyoustarthighschool,youwillfindyouhavemanynewopportunities.E．Allowyourselfenoughtimetodowellintheactivitiesyoucareaboutmost.F．Theseactivitieshelpyougainabilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsaloneG．Keepaneyeoutforclubsthatmayspecificallyhelpyouprepareforaparticularcollegemajor.【答案】1．F2．D3．G4．E5．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中阶段参加课外社团活动的意义，以及一些相关的建议。1．根据上文“Involvementinactivitiesoutsideofschoolworkmakeshighschoolalotmoreinterestingandfun.(参与课外活动使高中生活更加有趣和快乐)”可知，本文话题为课外活动，上文提及参与课外活动带来的好处，下文“Throughextracurricularactivities,youcandevelopimportantskills,suchasteamwork,publicspeaking,creativity,leadership,andself-awareness.(通过课外活动，你可以培养重要的技能，比如团队合作、公众演讲、创造力、领导能力和自我意识。)”，下文具体列举了参与课外活动所能培养的技能，F项“Theseactivitieshelpyougainabilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsalone(这些活动可以帮助你获得仅通过课本和考试无法学到的能力)”，其中的Theseactivities呼应上文的activitiesoutsideofschoolwork，而下文则顺接F项中的abilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsalone，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选F项。2．本段首句“Thefirststepistoexplore.(第一步是探索。)”，下文“Whileyoucan’tdoeverything,trytogetinvolvedinasmanyclubs,teams,andactivitiesthatyoufindinteresting.Thereisnotarequiredone-size-fits-alllistofactivities.Whatmattersisthatyoufindclubsandprogramsthatinterestyou!(虽然你不可能什么都做，但尽量多参加一些你感兴趣的社团、团队和活动。并不需要一个放之四海而皆准的活动列表。重要的是你找到了你感兴趣的社团和项目！)”可知，课外活动可以是参加感兴趣的社团，D项“Asyoustarthighschool,youwillfindyouhavemanynewopportunities.(当你开始上高中时，你会发现你有很多新的机会。)”，句中的manynewopportunities呼应首句中的explore，这个课外活动的探索在高一时就开始了，且机会多多，这个阶段可以参加多个感兴趣的社团，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。3．根据上文“Youwon’tknowifyoulikesomethingifyoudon’ttryit.(如果你不去尝试，你就不知道你是否喜欢它。)”，下文“Forexample,ifyouthinkyoumightbeinterestedinearningabusinessdegree,findoutifyourhighschoolhasafinancialassociation.Ifyouthinkyou’dlikeacareerinpolitics,checktoseeifyourhighschoolhasaModelUniteNationsproject.(例如，如果你认为你可能对获得商业学位感兴趣，看看你的高中是否有金融协会。如果你想从政，看看你的高中是否有模拟联合国项目。)”可知，可以通过高中阶段的社团活动去接触一些自己可能感兴趣的，针对大学专业、未来职业的社团活动，通过尝试这些活动来确认自己是否喜欢，G项“Keepaneyeoutforclubsthatmayspecificallyhelpyouprepareforaparticularcollegemajor.(留意那些专门帮助你为某一大学专业做准备的社团。)”，下文通过举例的方式，对G项进行解释，参加这些社团，可以提前确认自己是否喜欢这些专业，上下文衔接连贯，故选G项。4．根据上文“Whileyouwanttoappear‘wellrounded,’itisimportantthatyoudon’ttakeontoomuch(虽然你想让自己看起来“全面发展”，但重要的是不要承担太多。)”可知，不要选择太多的课外社团活动，下文“Itcanbehelpfultoseefreshmanyearasthetimetotryalotofthings.Inyoursophomoreyear,youcanbeginlimitingyourinvolvementtoyourmostimportantactivities.Thiswillallowyoutospendmoretimeonfewerthings.(把高一看作是尝试很多事情的时候是很有帮助的。在高二的时候，你可以开始把你的活动限制在最重要的活动上。这会让你把更多的时间花在更少的事情上。)”可知，高二开始，要关注最重要的活动，而不是把时间、精力分散在不重要的活动中，E项“Allowyourselfenoughtimetodowellintheactivitiesyoucareaboutmost.(给自己足够的时间把自己最关心的事情做好。)”可知，E项承接上文，不参与不重要的社团课外活动，才能使自己有足够的时间去做自己最关心的事，E项与下文spendmoretimeonfewerthings呼应，上下文衔接连贯，故选E项。5．下文“Developitintoatruepassionandtrytobeanexpertinit.Thisiswhatmakesyouuniqueandallowsyoutoshineonacollegeapplicationorqualifyforascholarship.(把它培养成一种真正热衷的爱好，并努力成为这方面的专家。这让你与众不同，让你在大学申请中脱颖而出，或者有资格获得奖学金。)”可知，通过课外活动使自己有特长，A项“Bearinmindwhatismostimportanttoyou.(记住对你来说最重要的是什么。)”，下文的it即指代A项中的whatismostimportanttoyou，时刻记住自己在课外活动中需要获得什么技能，并把它培养成为自己的爱好，可以增加自己在大学申请时的优势，上下文衔接连贯。故选A项。Passage2（2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考一模）You’vecomebackfromyourholidayandyoufeelamazinglyrecharged.Then,youopenyourinboxwithhundredsofunansweredemails.Suddenly,yourcalmstartstodisappearandyourbloodpressurestartstorise.6Yet,you’veonlybeenbackatworkforanhourortwo.That’snowaytostartyourfirstdayatworkafteraholiday.So,here’swhatyoudotokeepyourstresstoaminimumafterabreak.Giveyourselfhalfadaybeforejumpingbackintowork.Takethistimetounpack,dosomelaundry,andfillthefridgewithfood.7Doingthis,you’remuchmorelikelytosufferfromlessstressgoingbackintoworkbecauseyourpersonalpartsarealreadysorted.Youwillalsofeelmorepreparedgoingbackintowork.8Thisenablesyoutofocusondealingwithyouroverflowinginboxandgettingyourprioritiesstraight.9Splitthemintosortslikeurgent,non-urgent,quickresponsesandnoactionneeded.Then,startbyfocusingontheurgentones(onebyone!),beforedivingintothequickresponses.Upyourfuntheweekyou’reback.Gooutforamealwithyourfriends.Walkyourfavoriterouteinyourneighborhood.Lookatthepicturesfromyourholiday.Post-holidaybluescanbeverycommonifyougostraightintoallworkandnoplay.Hence,makealittletimeforplayyourfirstweekback.10A．Limityourscheduledcommitmentsthefirstweekback.B．Well,you’vegotreadyforeverything.C．Dowhateveryouneedtodotowrapuptheholidaystuff.D．Youmayfeellikeyou’redecadesbehind.E．Itisadvisabletocategorizeyourunreademails.F．You’resupposedtodealwithyouremailsinstantly.G．You’llfeelhappyevenifyourholidayisover.【答案】6．D7．C8．A9．E10．G【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何从假期过渡到工作状态的建议。6．根据下文“Yet,you’veonlybeenbackatworkforanhourortwo.(然而，你才回来工作一两个小时。)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，D项的“decades”和下文“anhourortwo”形成对比关系。D项：Youmayfeellikeyou’redecadesbehind.(你可能觉得自己落后了几十年。)符合语境。故选D。7．根据上文“Takethistimetounpack,dosomelaundry,andfillthefridgewithfood.(利用这段时间打开行李，洗衣服，把冰箱装满食物。)”和下文“Doingthis,you’remuchmorelikelytosufferfromlessstressgoingbackintoworkbecauseyourpersonalpartsarealreadysorted.(如果你这样做了，你就更有可能在回去工作时承受更少的压力，因为你的个人部分已经整理好了。)”可知，空处内容和整理东西有关。C项中的“wrapuptheholidaystuff”和下文中的“yourpersonalpartsarealreadysorted”对应。C项：Dowhateveryouneedtodotowrapuptheholidaystuff.(尽你所能把假期的东西打包。)符合语境。故选C。8．根据下文“Thisenablesyoutofocusondealingwithyouroverflowinginboxandgettingyourprioritiesstraight.(这样可以让你专注于处理堆积如山的收件箱，并分清轻重缓急。)”可知，本段建议通过分清轻重缓急处理收件箱来达到限制计划的目的。A项：Limityourscheduledcommitmentsthefirstweekback.(在回来的第一周限制你的计划。)符合语境。故选A。9．根据下文“Splitthemintosortslikeurgent,non-urgent,quickresponsesandnoactionneeded.(把它们分成紧急的、非紧急的、快速反应的和不需要采取行动的这些类别。)”可知，空处建议将邮件分类，E项中的“unreademails”和下文的“them”对应。E项：Itisadvisabletocategorizeyourunreademails.(把未读邮件分类是明智的。)符合语境。故选E。10．根据上文“Upyourfuntheweekyou’reback.Gooutforamealwithyourfriends.Walkyourfavoriterouteinyourneighborhood.Lookatthepicturesfromyourholiday.Post-holidaybluescanbeverycommonifyougostraightintoallworkandnoplay.Hence,makealittletimeforplayyourfirstweekback.(你回来的那一周好好享受吧。和朋友出去吃顿饭。在你家附近走你最喜欢的路线。看看你度假时拍的照片。如果你只工作不娱乐，节后抑郁是很常见的。因此，在你回归的第一周抽出一点时间来玩。)”可知，空处进行总结，按照上面提出的方法，即使假期结束了，也会感到快乐。G项：You’llfeelhappyevenifyourholidayisover.(即使假期结束了，你也会感到高兴。)符合语境。故选G。Passage3（2023·北京·首都师范大学附属中学校考模拟预测）Childrenlovegettingdirty.11Butgettingmuddycouldhaveapowerfuleffectontheirwellbeing,too.“Don’tgetdirty!”wasonceaconstantfamilywarning,asparentsdespairinglywatchedtheirchildrenspoiltheirbestclothes.Whethertheywererunningthroughfarmers’fields,climbingtreesorcatchingtadpoles,itwasinevitablethatchildren’swhiteswouldturnbrownbeforethedaywasover.Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.Withtheriseofurbanism,andthetemptationofvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureismuchrarerthaninthepast.12Whatisgainedinlaundrybillsmaybelostinthechild’swellbeing.Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganisms.13Manyofthepsychologicalbenefitsofoutdoorplayarealreadywellestablished.Naturalscenesprovidetheperfectlevelofstimulation,whichisthoughttohelprechargethebrainwhenitistiredandeasilydistractible.Supportingthistheory,onestudyfrom2009foundthatchildrenwithADHD(多动症)werebetterabletoconcentratefollowinga20-minutewalkinthepark,comparedtoa20-minutewalkonthestreetsofawell-kepturbanarea.14Theauthorsrecommendedusingsuch“dosesofnature”asasafeandaccessiblewayofsupportingchildrenwithADHD,alongsideothertools.15Forexample,theactofmuddingandkneadingmaterialslikemudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract,knownassensorimotordevelopment.Thisallowsthechildtograduallyunderstandhisorherbodilysignals.A．Formany,thereissimplynoopportunitytogetmuddy.B．Beingclosetograssandtreesseemedtohavehadabeneficialeffectontheirminds.C．Besidestheserestorativeeffects,outdoorplaycanoffervaluablelearningexperiences.D．Theyaredrawntopuddleslikemuddymagnets,withnoregardforfootwearorthecoloroftheirclothing.E．Asforthechild’sphysicalhealth,themostobviousadvantageofoutdoorplaymaybetheexercise.F．Peoplewhogrowuponfarmsarelesslikelytodevelopasthma,allergies,orauto-immunedisorders.G．Theycantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresiliencetoarangeofillnesses,includingallergiesandasthma.【答案】11．D12．A13．G14．B15．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了孩子们在户外玩耍、接触大自然的重要性，并且指出这样做对孩子们的身心健康及成长有着积极的影响，特别是在现代城市化的生活和环境背景下，更应该注意让孩子们参与户外活动，乐享大自然。11．根据前文“Childrenlovegettingdirty.(孩子们喜欢弄脏。)”结合下文“But”可知与空处转折，D项“Theyaredrawntopuddleslikemuddymagnets,withnoregardforfootwearorthecoloroftheirclothing.(他们像泥泞的磁铁一样被水坑吸引，而不考虑鞋子或衣服的颜色。)”与上下文一致，表明小孩们非常喜欢玩泥巴，不会顾及自己的衣服和鞋子会被弄脏，这突显出小孩们对于在室外玩耍的渴望，D项“他们被像泥泞的磁铁一样的水坑吸引，完全不考虑鞋子和衣服的颜色。”符合，故选D项。12．根据前文“Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.Withtheriseofurbanism,andthetemptationofvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureismuchrar