北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试卷

通州区2023—2024学年第一学期高一年级期中质量检测英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Emilycheckedhershoelaces(鞋带)andbegantojoginsmallcircles___1___,waitingforSierra.Shedidn’tmindthebrieflateness;shewassogratefultohavearunning___2___.PracticallythefirstthingEmilyhaddoneafterenrollinginthisnewschoolwastosignupforcrosscountryrunning.“Hi,sorry,I’mlate.It’sagooddayforarun,don’tyouthink?”Sierra___3___,talkingnonstopaswasherhabit.Sierraraneveryday,whichencouragedEmilytotakeherowntrainingmoreseriously.Theregularpracticehadhelpedbothofthemto___4___theirtimesovervariousterrains(地形).Continuingherwarmup,Emilyasked,“Areyouracingnextweekinthebigregionalmeet?”“Yeah,thecoachencourageseveryoneto___5___.”“Oh.”EmilyfollowedafterSierrajustabit,thinkingaboutthisinformationastheyranacrossthefield.KnowingSierrawaseasilythefasterrunner,Emilywasvery___6___.Sheworriedthatherowntimemight___7___theteam.Racedayarrived,andEmilygatheredwiththeotherteammemberstoreceiveacoloredwristband(手环)thatshowedtheirschool.“Sierra,where’syourband?”“You’rerunninginmyplacetodaybecauseyourtimeswill___8___theteamasmuchasmine,andIwantyoutohavethe___9___toshowyourstufftotheteam.I’llbeyourwatergirlattheend.”SierrasmiledandgaveEmilyahighfive.“Wow,you’dgiveuparaceforme?”Emilygaveherfriendaquickhugandthoughtthis____10____wouldbeherbestperformanceever.1.A.kindly B.sadly C.carefully D.slowly2.A.friend B.partner C.petitor D.coach3.A.passed B.arrived C.rose D.tested4A.change B.waste C.improve D.manage5.A.join B.learn C.move D.register6.A.confused B.shocked C.anxious D.awkward7.A.passdown B.turndown C.shutdown D.slowdown8.A.concentrate B.help C.remend D.organize9.A.chance B.risk C.service D.spirit10.A.lesson B.race C.test D.activity【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艾米丽和西拉是一对跑步搭档，下周将要举行大型地区比赛了，艾米丽担心自己会拖慢团队速度，结果到了比赛那天，西拉却让艾米丽代替自己比赛。【1题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽检查了一下鞋带，开始慢慢地绕着小圈子慢跑，等待着西拉。A.kindly善良地；B.sadly悲哀地；C.carefully仔细地；D.slowly缓慢地。根据后文“waitingforSierra”可知，她在等迟到的西拉，所以跑得很慢，故选D。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不介意短暂的迟到；她很感激有一个跑步搭档。A.friend朋友；B.partner搭档，伙伴；C.petitor对手；D.coach教练。根据上文“waitingforSierra”提到她在等西拉，可知西拉是她的跑步搭档。故选B。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：西拉来了，像往常一样不停地说话。A.passed通过；B.arrived到达；C.rose上升；D.tested测试。根据上文““Hi,sorry,I’mlate.It’sagooddayforarun,don’tyouthink?”(“嗨，对不起，我迟到了。今天是个跑步的好天气，你不觉得吗？”)”可知，迟到的西拉到了，故选B。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：定期的训练帮助他们在各种地形上提高了成绩。A.change改变；B.waste浪费；C.improve改善，提高；D.manage管理。根据上文“Theregularpracticehadhelpedbothofthemto”提到了定期训练对她们有帮助，说明成绩得到了提高。故选C。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，教练鼓励大家加入。”A.join加入；B.learn学习；C.move移动；D.register注册。根据上文“Yeah,thecoachencourageseveryoneto”中encourage可知教练鼓励大家参加下周的比赛。故选A。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽知道西拉跑得更快，所以非常着急。A.confused困惑的；B.shocked震惊的；C.anxious焦虑的，担心的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“Sheworried”可知艾米丽很担心，故选C。【7题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她担心自己的时间可能会拖慢团队的速度。A.passdown传承；B.turndown拒绝；C.shutdown关闭；D.slowdown减速。根据上文“Sheworriedthatherowntimemight”可知，艾米丽知道自己跑得不够快，担心拖累团队的速度。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因为你的成绩对球队的帮助和我的一样大，我希望你有机会向球队展示你的东西。”A.concentrate集中；B.help帮助；C.remend推荐；D.organize组织。根据后文“theteamasmuchasmine”可知，西拉认为艾米丽对球队的帮助和自己一样大，所以才让她代替自己比赛，故选B。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你今天代替我跑，因为你的成绩对球队的帮助和我的一样大，我希望你有机会向球队展示你的东西。”A.chance机会；B.risk风险；C.service服务；D.spirit精神。根据后文“toshowyourstufftotheteam”可知，西拉让艾米丽代替自己，是希望艾米丽有机会展示自己，chance后跟不定式作后置定语。故选A。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽给了她的朋友一个迅速的拥抱，并认为这次比赛将是她有史以来最好的表现。A.lesson课程；B.race比赛；C.test测试；D.activity活动。呼应上文“Areyouracingnextweekinthebigregionalmeet?(你下周会参加大型地区比赛吗？)”此处指下周的大型地区比赛，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ThisfourdaywalkingtourwilltakeyouonamazingpathsthroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.Afterreachingyourdestination,you____11____(have)adaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.EspeciallyamazingistheIncas’drystonemethodof____12____(build).Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothing____13____(need)toholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.【答案】11.willhave12.building13.wasneeded【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了一个徒步旅行的行程和目的地马丘比丘的城市特色。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：到达目的地后，你将有一天的时间来探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合上文的willtake可知，此处是介绍将来发生的事情，时态应用一般将来时。故填willhave。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建造方法。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，结合drystonemethod可知，应用名词building，意为“建造，建筑”，是不可数名词。故填building。【13题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头的完美配合外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，need“需要”和主语nothing之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是nothing，be动词应用was。故填wasneeded。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。IalwayswantedtolookliketheslimgirlsonTVeventhoughIknewthatitwasimpossible.Iworriedaboutmyweightand____14____(try)everynewdiet!ThenIreadanarticlethatsaidIshouldbeasking“AmIfit?”.SoIstartedthinkingabout____15____(fit)ratherthanweight.Finally,Istopped____16____(pare)myselfwithactressesandmodels.Instead,ImadealistofthethingsIlikedaboutmyself.【答案】14.tried15.fitness16.paring【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者不再盲目减肥，重视健康的经历。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：我担心我的体重，尝试了每一种新的饮食！根据上文Iworriedaboutmyweightand可知为一般过去时。故填tried。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：所以我开始考虑健康而不是体重。作介词about的宾语，应用名词fitness，不可数。故填fitness。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我不再拿自己和女演员和模特比较。表示“停止正在做的事”应用stopdoingsth.，动名词作宾语。故填paring。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisabigchallenge.Ihadtothinkvery____17____(careful)aboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotake.Ihadtochooseextracurricularactivities,too.I____18____(join)avolunteerclub.IknowI’llhavetostudy____19____(hard)asaseniorhighschoolstudentandgetusedtobeingresponsibleforalotmore.____20____(study)hardisn’talwaysfun,butI’llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelseesinthefuture.【答案】17.carefully18.joined19.harder20.Studying【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了作者刚进入高中后一些经历和想法。【17题详解】考查副词。句意：我必须非常仔细地考虑我想学哪些课程。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填carefully。【18题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我参加了一个志愿者俱乐部。分析句子结构可知，join作本句谓语，根据前文可知，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填joined。【19题详解】考查副词。句意：我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，习惯承担更多的责任。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词，根据句意，此处应用比较级。故填harder。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，所以应该用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Studying。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABuffalo&ErieCountyPublicLibraryMYACCOUNTYoumusthaveaPINtoaccessyouraccountatanylibraryterminal(终端)remotelythroughtheB&ECPL’swebsite.TocreateorresetaPIN,clicktheForgotMyPINlink.Ifyouraccountisnotingoodstanding,itwillrunout6monthsafteritisissued.Anaccountisin“goodstanding”whenthechargesarenotover$50.00orthereare15orlessoverdue(逾期的)items.BORROWINGLIMITSMostcardholdersareallowedtocheckoutasmanyas50itemsatonetime.Thelengthoftimeisdifferentdependingonthetypeofmaterialborrowed.MaterialLoanPeriodBooksandAudioBooks21daysNewFiction7daysMusicCDs;ExamBooksandputerSoftware5daysDownloadableebooks14daysRENEWINGORRETURNINGITEMSTorenewonline24/7,accessMyAccountonourwebsite.Torenewbytelephone24/7,call7168459040.YoumusthaveyourlibrarycardnumberandPINready.StopbyanyB&ECPLlibrary(excepttheCentralLibrary)torenewinpersonorcall7168588900duringCentralLibraryopenhours.MostB&ECPLlibrarieshaveoutdoordropboxesinplacefor24hourreturnswithoutanycharge.21.Whichaccountisingoodstanding?A.AnaccountwithoutaresetPIN. B.Anaccountwitha$60.00charge.C.Anaccountwithoutanycheckouts. D.Anaccountwith10overdueitems.22.HowmanydayscanaborrowerkeepaworkofNewFiction?A.21. B.14. C.7. D.5.23.Whatshouldaborrowerdotorenewthelibrarymaterial?A.Visitanydropbox. B.AccesstheB&ECPL’swebsite.C.Callthenumber7168588900. D.StopbytheCentralLibraryinperson.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是布法罗和伊利县公共图书馆的一些借书规定。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据MYACCOUNT部分中“Anaccountisin“goodstanding”whenthechargesarenotover$50.00orthereare15orlessoverdue(逾期的)items.(当费用不超过50美元或有15项或更少的逾期物品时，帐户处于“良好信誉”状态)”结合选项，可知，D选项“一个有10个逾期物品的账户信誉良好”。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中“NewFiction——7days(新小说——7天)”可知，一本新小说可以借7天。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“StopbyanyB&ECPLlibrary(excepttheCentralLibrary)torenewinpersonorcall7168588900duringCentralLibraryopenhours.(在中央图书馆开放时间内，亲临任何一间B&ECPL图书馆（中央图书馆除外）办理续借手续或致电7168588900办理续借手续)”可知，借阅者拨打7168588900办理续借手续。故选C。BWalkingaroundtheworldmayseemimpossible,butthatdidn’tstopAngelaMaxwellfromputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.In2020,Maxwell,theninherearly30s,beganherwalkaroundtheworldalone.Aftersixandahalfyearsandover32,000kilometers,Maxwell’swalkendedwhereitbegan.Beforesheleftonherjourney,Maxwellfoundinspirationfromwomenexplorersofthepast.“IreadtheirbooksinhopesoffindingencouragementandIdid—bylearningabouttheirchallengesandstrugglesaswellastheirtriumphs(胜利).Eachwoman’sstorywasquitedifferentanditgavemetheconfidencetogivemywalkatry,”Maxwellsaid.Aftersellingallofherbelongings,MaxwellleftherhometownofBend,Oregonwith50kilogramsofcampinggear,dehydrated(脱水的)food,awaterfilterandclothingforallfourseasons.Maxwell’sworldwidewalkwasn’teasy.Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革热)inVietnam.SheheardgunshotswhilecampinginTurkeyandwasattackedinhertentinMongolia.Still,shecontinuedtowalk.ShelearnedbeekeepingintheRepublicofGeorgiaandcamelhandlingonthehistoricalSilkRoadinMongolia.Shehelpedafarmerrenovate(翻新)hishouseinSardiniaandhandedoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinItaly.Shegatheredcountlessstoriesthatshe’dgoontospeakaboutatschools,universitiesandconferences.Whenthereporteraskedherwhatkindofpersonittakestowalkaroundtheworld,Maxwellsaid,“It’sprobablyabinationofambition,alittlestubbornnessandapinchofpassion—notforhikingasasport,butforselfdiscoveryandadventure.”“Ididn’tstartwalkingbecauseIwasfearless—butratherbecauseIwasterrified.IwasmoreafraidofnotfollowingmyheartthanIwasoflosingeverythingIownedandloved.”Throughoutherjourney,Maxwellraisedabout$30,000fornongovernmentalorganizations,suchasHerFutureCoalitionandWorldPulsethatfocusonsupportinggirlsandyoungwomen.“Walkinghastaughtmethateverythingandeveryonehasastorytoshare,wejusthavetobewillingtolisten,”shesaid.24.WhatdowelearnaboutMaxwell’sjourney?A.Shestoppedherjourneyhalfway.B.Shemadefullpreparationsbeforeherjourney.C.Shewentonajourneywithotherwomenexplorers.D.Shegotalotofhelpfromstrangersduringthejourney.25.Whatdidn’thappentoAngelaMaxwellduringthejourney?A.Shewasshotbyagun. B.Shelearnedhowtoraisebeesandridecamels.C.Shegotillbecauseoftheweatheranddisease. D.Shehelpedthehomelesspeoplealongtheway.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMaxwell?A.Strongwilledandbrave. B.Enthusiasticandcareful.C.Modestandhardworking. D.Talentedandthoughtful.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Givingbringsyoubenefits. B.It’snevertoooldtolearn.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.Difficultlifeexperiencesmayresultinsuccess.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是2014年，30岁出头的AngelaMaxwell开始独自环游世界。经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成这一事情。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aftersellingallofherbelongings,MaxwellleftherhometownofBend,Oregonwith50kilogramsofcampinggear,dehydrated(脱水的)food,awaterfilterandclothingforallfourseasons.(在变卖了所有的家当后，Maxwell带着50公斤的露营装备、脱水食品、滤水器和四季衣物离开了家乡俄勒冈州本德市)”可知，Maxwell在出发前做了充分的准备。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革热)inVietnam.(她在澳大利亚沙漠中被晒伤和中暑，在越南得了登革热)”以及“ShelearnedbeekeepingintheRepublicofGeorgiaandcamelhandlingonthehistoricalSilkRoadinMongolia.Shehelpedafarmerrenovate(翻新)hishouseinSardiniaandhandedoutfoodtohomelesspeopleinItaly.(她在格鲁吉亚共和国学习养蜂，在蒙古历史悠久丝绸之路上学习驯骆驼。她帮助撒丁岛的一位农民翻修了他的房子，并向意大利无家可归的人分发食物)”可知，她没有被枪打中。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Eachwoman’sstorywasquitedifferentanditgavemetheconfidencetogivemywalkatry(每个女人的故事都不一样，这给了我信心去尝试走路)”以及第四段的“Maxwell’sworldwidewalkwasn’teasy.Shesufferedfromsunburnandheatstroke(中暑)intheAustraliandesertanddenguefever(登革热)inVietnam.SheheardgunshotswhilecampinginTurkeyandwasattackedinhertentinMongolia.Still,shecontinuedtowalk.(Maxwell的环球行走并不容易。她在澳大利亚沙漠中晒伤、中暑，在越南染上登革热。她在土耳其露营时听到了枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里也遭到了袭击。但她还是继续走着)”可知，Maxwell意志坚强且勇敢，故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Walkinghastaughtmethateverythingandeveryonehasastorytoshare,wejusthavetobewillingtolisten,”shesaid.(她说：“散步教会了我，每件事、每个人都有故事要分享，我们只需要愿意倾听。”)”结合文章主要讲的是2014年，30岁出头的AngelaMaxwell开始独自环游世界。经过六年半的时间和超过32000公里的行程，Maxwell完成这一事情。可推知，故事告诉我们“心之所愿，无事不成”。故选C。CIt’salwaysexcitingtoreceivealetterinthemail.Eventoday,whentheworldisdigitallyconnected,receivinganactualletterinyourmailboxfromadistantlandisagreatwayforchildrentomakenewfriends.ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandselfexpression.TheprojectispartofthenonprofitKidsforPeace,foundedbyJillMcManigalandDanielleGraminCaliforniain2006.Itisopentoallchildren,agestwothroughseventeen.Todate,thereare1,500childrenfrom17countriesparticipatingintheprogramaccordingtotheorganization.Currently,alllettersarewritteninEnglish.Whenchildrensignup,theycanselectiftheywouldratherbematchedwithaUSAPeacefulPenPaloraninternationalone.Eachchildisthenmatchedtoapenpalofsimilarage.Thisestablishesapointofconnectionquicklyforthechildrenandfacilitates(促进)astrongerbond.Iftheletterwritersareinthesamegrade,theycanchataboutschool,theirteachers,andwhattheyarestudying.Theycanalsoparewhatdifferentstatesorcountrieslearnaboutandhowtheatmosphereoftheclassroomare,whethersociallyoracademically.Childrenmayalsobemorelikelytowriteaboutproblemstheyarehavingiftheyfeelliketheyarespeakingtoapeerinasimilarsituation.Althoughpenpalsmayliveindifferentcountries,theymayfindmonground.Thewriterliststheirfavoriteactivitiestodooutside,pluswhattheylikebestandleastaboutschool.Thisgivesthewriteranopportunitytoexpressandreceiveadviceorfeedback(反馈)fromthepenpal.“Hearingfirsthandstoriesfromaninternationalpenpalcanencourageteenstotakesomeoneelse’sviewpointandtothinkoutsideofthemselves,”writesRebeccaFraserThillonVeryWellFamily.“Havingaforeignpenpalcanalsoencourageinterestingeography,historyandculture.”28.WhatcanweknowaboutthePeacefulPenPalsProject?A.Ithelpsstrengthenlinksbetweenkids.B.Itisaimedatimprovingchildren’sEnglish.C.Itencourageschildrentohelppeopleinneed.D.Itiscreatedforteenagerstotakeonlinelessons.29.WhatisParagraph3mainlytalkingabout?A.Thenecessityofdiscussioninstudy.B.Theapproachestomakingnewfriends.CThepurposeofthePeacefulPenPalsProject.D.Thebenefitsofhavingfriendsofsimilarages.30.WhatisRebeccaFraserThill’sattitudetowardstheproject?A.Careful. B.Supportive. C.Uninterested. D.Disappointed.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.WritingEnrichesKids’Life B.FriendshipTeachesKidsaLessonC.ThePenPalProjectConnectsKids D.municationSkillsBettertheWorld【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个名为ThePeacefulPenPalsProject的项目，这个项目把孩子们连接在一起。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandselfexpression.(和平笔友计划是一个美丽的计划，融合了全球联系和自我表达。)”和第二段“Itisopentoallchildren,agestwothroughseventeen.Todate,thereare1,500childrenfrom17countriesparticipatingintheprogramaccordingtotheorganization.Currently,alllettersarewritteninEnglish.(它对所有2到17岁的孩子开放。据该组织称，迄今为止，已有来自17个国家的1500名儿童参加了该项目。目前，所有信件都是用英文写的。)”可知，该项目有助于加强孩子们之间的联系。故选A。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Eachchildisthenmatchedtoapenpalofsimilarage.Thisestablishesapointofconnectionquicklyforthechildrenandfacilitates(促进)astrongerbond.Iftheletterwritersareinthesamegrade,theycanchataboutschool,theirteachers,andwhattheyarestudying.Theycanalsoparewhatdifferentstatesorcountrieslearnaboutandhowtheatmosphereoftheclassroomare,whethersociallyoracademically.Childrenmayalsobemorelikelytowriteaboutproblemstheyarehavingiftheyfeelliketheyarespeakingtoapeerinasimilarsituation.(然后，每个孩子都被配上一个年龄相仿的笔友。这为孩子们迅速建立了一个连接点，促进了更牢固的联系。如果写信人是同一年级的，他们可以聊聊学校，他们的老师，他们正在学习什么。他们还可以比较不同的州或国家学习的内容，以及课堂氛围，无论是社交还是学术。如果孩子们觉得自己是在和一个处境相似的同龄人交谈，他们也更有可能写下自己遇到的问题。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了拥有同龄朋友的好处。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Hearingfirsthandstoriesfromaninternationalpenpalcanencourageteenstotakesomeoneelse’sviewpointandtothinkoutsideofthemselves,”writesRebeccaFraserThillonVeryWellFamily.“Havingaforeignpenpalcanalsoencourageinterestingeography,historyandculture.”(丽贝卡·弗雷泽希尔在VeryWellFamily网站中写道:“从国际笔友那里听到第一手的故事可以鼓励青少年接受别人的观点，跳出自己的思维。”“有一个外国笔友还可以激发人们对地理、历史和文化的兴趣。”)”可知，Rebecca认为拥有外国笔友可以让孩子了解更多有关地理、政治、以及历史的内容，开阔了孩子的视野，由此可知，Rebecca对于这个项目是支持的。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ThePeacefulPenPalsProjectisabeautifulprojectthatblendstogetherglobalconnectionandselfexpression.(和平笔友计划是一个美丽的计划，融合了全球联系和自我表达。)”可知，文章介绍了一个名为ThePeacefulPenPalsProject的项目，这个项目把孩子们连接在一起。所以用C项“ThePenPalProjectConnectsKids”作为本文的题目与文章的主题项符合。故选C。DAlmosteveryonehasheardtheexpression,“thecalmbeforethestorm.”Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.Britishsailorscoinedthephraseinthelate1600s;theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobeestaticandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoaUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchastornadoesandhurricanesdrawinallthewarmandhumidairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestormlikepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends(下降),itbeeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotating(旋转的)winds.TheWeatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.First,counthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucountnineseconds,thestormisabout3kilometersaway.Agoodgauge(评估)isthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseeksafeplacestraightaway.However,duetotheplexityofstormsystem,notallstormseaftercalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandchilling(寒冷的)winds.So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingaingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.32.Theunderlinedword“static”inParagraph2probablymeans______.A.violent B.quiet C.fastchanging D.warm33.WhatisParagraph3mainlytalkingabout?A.Toexplainhowastormesintobeing.B.Tosupportpreviousresearchonstormclouds.C.Toexplainwhyapeacefulperiodoccursbeforeastorm.D.Toshowhowdangerousastormcanbeincertainsituations.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisnotalwaysquietbeforeastorm. B.Stormshaveabiginfluenceonlife.C.Weatherreportsmayfailtopredictastorm. D.Heavystormsdon’tusuallylastforalongtime.【答案】32.B33.C34.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学对于暴风雨前的风平浪静给出了解释，但最好的办法是随时更新天气预报，这是最可靠的预测下一次大自然脾气的方法。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“andthewindswoulddrop”以及“Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?(但为什么暴风雨来临前总是那么平静呢？)”可知，在某些风暴之前，海洋似乎会变得安静，风会减弱。划线中的单词“static”表示“安静”。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoaUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchastornadoesandhurricanesdrawinallthewarmandhumidairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestormlikepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends(下降),itbeeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongrotating(旋转的)winds.(科学已经给了我们答案。据美国一家名为HowStuffWorks的网站称，平静期的出现是因为龙卷风和飓风等许多风暴将周围地区的温暖潮湿空气吸进来。当这些空气上升到风暴云中，冷却下来，就像“汽车里的汽油一样，成为了风暴的燃料”。一旦风暴从空气中吸取了所有的能量，它就会从风暴云的顶部被推出，沙子会回落到地面。随着空气的下降，它变得温暖而干燥。温暖干燥的空气是稳定的，所以一旦它覆盖了一个地区，它就会在暴风雨来临之前造成一段平静期。同样的过程也会导致飓风和龙卷风的“风暴眼”。在这种情况下，由于强烈的旋转风，平静发生在风暴的中心)”可知第三段主要解释为什么暴风雨前会有一段平静的时期。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingaingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.(所以，你最好的办法是随时更新天气报告，了解你所在地区即将到来的风暴的任何预测。这是预测下一次大自然脾气的最可靠、最明智的方法)”可知，在暴风雨之前并不总是风平浪静的。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouareafanoffastfashion,yourchoicesmaybenarrowinginthenearfuture.Recently,alargenumberoffastfashionstoreswereclosedworldwide.____35____Amajorreasonistheshiftinthemindset(心态)ofconsumers.Millennials,thosewhowereborninthe1980sor1990s,arenowthelargestconsumergroup.____36____Lowpricedfastfashionisnottheirpriority.Morepeoplearestartingtocareaboutqualityandthestoriesbehindaproduct.____37____Thefashionindustryisoneofthelargestpollutersofcleanwaterandthreefifthsofclothesproducedinayearendupinlandfills(垃圾场).Asthereismoreawarenessoftheclimatecrisis(危机),youngerpeoplearepursuingmoreecofriendlychoices.Molly,22,isoneofthem.Beforeshewenttocollege,sheusedtofrequentfastfashionshops.____38____Now,shetriestoshopinawaythatisbothsustainable(可持续的)andaffordable:Sheshopssecondhand.“Myfriendshowedmehoweasyitwastobethrifty(节约的),andIdevelopedanewpersonalstylethatfocusedlessontrendsbutonbasicsthatdon’tgooutofstyle,”shesaid.Inordertosurviveinthepetitivemarket,manyfastfashionbrandsaremakingchangesaswell.____39____“Sustainabilityisaneverendingtaskinwhicheveryonehereisinvolved”,saidaCEOofafastfashionpany.A.Millennialslikebrandswithalonghistory.B.Itshowsthatfastfashionisslowingdown.C.Climatechangeshouldbeblamedonthefashionindustry.D.Unliketheirpredecessors(前人),millennialsholddifferentattitudestowardsproducts.E.Anotherfactoristhegrowingconcernoverthefashionindustry’seffectontheenvironment.F.Forexample,somepaniesplanforalloftheirclothestobesustainableinthefuture.G.Butaftertakingaclassthatfocusedontheenvironmentalimpactofclothingproduction,herpreferencechanged.【答案】35.B36.D37.E38.G39.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多快时尚服装品牌发展速度放缓的原因，为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快速时尚品牌也在做出改变。【35题详解】分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Ifyouareafanoffastfashion,yourchoicesmaybenarrowinginthenearfuture.Recently,alargenumberoffastfashionstoreswereclosedworldwide.(如果你是快时尚的粉丝，在不久的将来，你的选择可能会越来越少。最近，全球有大量的快时尚商店关闭)”可知，B项“Itshowsthatfastfashionisslowingdown.(这表明快时尚正在放缓)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选B项。【36题详解】根据前文“Amajorreasonistheshiftinthemindset(心态)ofconsumers.Millennials,thosewhowereborninthe1980sor1990s,arenowthelargestconsumergroup.(一个主要原因是消费者心态的转变。千禧一代，即出生在上世纪80年代或90年代的人，现在是最大的消费群体)”以及后文“Lowpricedfastfashionisnottheirpriority.Morepeoplearestartingtocareaboutqualityandthestoriesbehindaproduct.(低价的快时尚不是他们的首选。越来越多的人开始关心产品的质量和产品背后的故事)”可知，此处是在讲述千禧一代的时尚选择发生改变，所以D项“Unliketheirpredecessors(前人),millennialsholddifferentattitudestowardsproducts.(与他们的前辈不同，千禧一代对产品的态度不同)”符合本段主题，通过和前辈对比，讲述千禧一代发生改变。故选D项。【37题详解】分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Thefashionindustryisoneofthelargestpollutersofcleanwaterandthreefifthsofclothesproducedinayearendupinlandfills(垃圾场).Asthereismoreawarenessoftheclimatecrisis(危机),youngerpeoplearepursuingmoreecofriendlychoices.(时装业是最大的清洁水污染者之一，每年生产的服装中有五分之三最终被填埋。随着人们对气候危机的意识越来越强，年轻人开始追求更环保的选择)”可知，本段讲述时装业对环境的影响，所以E项“Anotherfactoristhegrowingconcernoverthefashionindustry’seffectontheenvironment.(另一个因素是人们越来越关注时装业对环境的影响)”符合本段主题。故选E项。【38题详解】根据前文“Molly,22,isoneofthem.Beforeshewenttocollege,sheusedtofrequentfastfashionshops.(22岁的莫莉就是其中之一。在她上大学之前，她经常光顾快时尚店)”以及后文“Now,shetriestoshopinawaythatisbothsustainable(可持续的)andaffordable:Sheshopssecondhand.(现在，她试图以一种既可持续又负担得起的方式购物：她买二手货)”可知，本段用莫莉进行举例，讲述她对时尚的改变，所以G项“Butaftertakingaclassthatfocusedontheenvironmentalimpactofclothingproduction,herpreferencechanged.(但在上了一门关注服装生产对环境影响的课程后，她的偏好发生了变化)”符合文意，描述的是莫莉的改变。故选G项。【39题详解】根据前文“Inordertosurviveinthepetitivemarket,manyfastfashionbrandsaremakingchangesaswell.(为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变)”以及后文““Sustainabilityisaneverendingtaskinwhicheveryonehereisinvolved”,saidaCEOofafastfashionpany.(一家快时尚公司的首席执行官表示：“可持续发展是一项永无止境的任务，这里的每个人都参与其中。”)”可知，本段主要讲述了许多快时尚品牌也在做出改变，后文应用一家快时尚公司的首席执行官的话，所以F项“Forexample,somepaniesplanforalloftheirclothestobesustainablein