Unit3Gettingalongwithothers词汇知识点汇总讲义高中英语牛津译林版

必修一Unit3Gettingalongwithothers词汇知识点汇总ontherocks①(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 Sue’smarriageisontherocks.苏的婚姻触礁了。②(饮料)加冰块(但不加水)Scotchontherocks加冰块的苏格兰威士忌酒【拓展】(caught/stuck)betweenarockandahardplace进退两难，左右为难awkward【原句再现】WhenIwasanawkwardprimaryschoolstudent,shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.【拓展】adj.①令人尴尬的，使人难堪的(embarrassing)an~position尴尬的处境②难对付的，难以处理的(tough)an~problem③不方便的HaveIeatan~time?④(因形状,设计而)产生困难的，危险的Theboxisvery~foronepersontocarry.这只箱子一个人不好搬。⑤不优美的，难看的，不舒适的Hetriedtodance,buthewastooclumsyand~.......但他太笨拙太别扭。>awkwardlyadv.awkwardnessn.sightn.【原句再现】Whetherwe’rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother’ssight.outofone’ssight脱离某人的视线【拓展】①视野[U]in/withinsight在视野范围之内；可能即将发生[反义]outofsight②视力[U]loseone’ssight失明；忽略；忘记havegoodsight视力好③看见[U]catchsightof...看见...atthesightof...当看见...时atfirstsight乍一看；最初看到时Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见，心不烦。【辨析区分】scene有人物活动的场景scenery风景，景色，尤指自然美景view从某个特定角度看出去看到的景象hangout闲荡，常去某处=hangabout/hangaroundhanghangedhanged施以绞刑hanghunghung悬挂【拓展】 hangon别挂hangon(在逆境中)坚持hangontosth抓紧某物，保留/不放弃…originaladj.【原句再现】Ouroriginalplanwastoseeafilmatthecinemathatafternoon.【拓展】 ①起初的your~plan原计划②独创的，新颖的an~idea独到的见解③原作的the~manuscript原稿>originally adv.原来，起初origin n.起源；起因；出身originate v.originatefrom源于…(无被动态)Alltheoriesoriginatefrompractice.mediumn.(pl.media)【原文再现】Butinthemorning,myfriendpostedamessageonsocialmediasayingshehadacold.【拓展】n. ①传播信息的媒介；方法the~ofmunication传媒socialmedia社交媒体②手段；工具agood~forlearningaforeignlanguage学习外语的好方法③（文艺创作中使用的）材料，形式the~ofpoetry诗歌的表现手法adj.中等的，中号的amanof~height中等身材的人makeit能够出席；准时到达；获得成功;幸免于难，渡过难关【原文重现】WhenIcalledher,shesaidshemightnotbeabletomakeittothecinema.【例句】①IamsorryIwon’tbeabletomakeitonSunday.能够出席（或到场）②Icouldn’thavemadeitthroughthosehardtimeswithoutthesupportofmywife.获得成功,渡过难关③Theflightleavesintwentyminuteswe’llnevermakeit.(尤指在困难情况下)准时到达(tosomeplace)horribleadj.①令人震惊的，恐怖的(=terrible)a~nightmare可怕的噩梦②可恶的，极坏的，十分讨厌的~weather/children糟透了的天气/孩子>horrorn.chatvi.&n.聊天，闲聊chatwithsb.aboutsth.=haveachatwithsb.aboutsth.与某人聊某事achattingroom聊天室cafen.咖啡馆，小餐馆anInternetcafe网吧recover【原文再现】Insteadofrecoveringathome,shewasouthavingfunwithsomeoneelse.【拓展】vi.恢复健康；恢复常态recoverfrom...=makearecoveryfrom...vt.①全额收回recoverhislegalcosts收回他的诉讼费②寻回，找回，找到recoverthestolenpainting追回失窃的油画③重新获得recoveritslead再次领先④恢复，重新控制recoverconsciousness恢复知觉；recoveryoursight恢复视力recoveroneself恢复健康；清醒过来>recoveryn.avoid【原文再现】IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolallday.【拓展】①Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided. 避免，防止②Shekeptavoidingmyeyes. 回避，躲避avoiddoingsth避免做某事Theynarrowlyavoideddefeat.他们险些被打败。feellike【原文再现】andIstilldon’tfeellikerespondingtoanyofheronlinemessages.feellikedoingsth想要做某事respondvi.&vt.回答，回应；做出反应，响应【拓展】①respondtomyletters回信(=replyto)②respondtothenews对消息做出反应(=reactto)>responsen.inresponseto作为对..的反应/回应loss【原文再现】Thestressofthissituationiskillingme,andI’matalosswhattodonext.不知所措，困惑【拓展】n. ①失去，丧失[C/U] weightloss体重减少 joblosses失业②亏损[C] netlossesof$1.5million净亏损150万元③去世[C/U] lossoflife死亡 heavylosses伤亡惨重④损失[Singular] agreatlosstosb/sth对某人/某物来说是一个巨大的损失>losev.lostlost失去loseheart失去信心belostinsth某人沉浸在某事中 get/belost迷路worth【原文再现】Butthisfriendshipisworthsaving:eightyearsisalongtime!【拓展】①adj.值得的；有价值的sth.be(well)worthdoing某事(非常)值得做（表示程度时要用well来修饰，不能用very）②n.[U]价值，意义Theseactivitiesaimathelpingchildrentodevelopasenseoftheirownworth.【归纳】3个“值得的”①beworthdoing(动名词主动形式表示被动意义)n.(钱数、代价、价值等)②beworthyofbeingdone(of接动名词的被动式)tobedone(不定时的被动式)③Itisworthwhiledoingsth(动名词)todosth(动词不定式)e.g.这本书值得一读。Thebookisworthreading. =Thebookisworthyofbeingread/toberead.=Itisworthwhilereading/toreadthebook.judge【原文再现】Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.【拓展】①vt.&vi评价，（尤指）批评；判断，认为 Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.不要以貌取人。 judgefrom/by根据...判断e.g.Judgingbyherlastletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.从她上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。②n.法官；裁判员inthewrong有错，应承担责任e.g.Themotorcyclistwasclearlyinthewrong.骑摩托车的人显然对事故负有责任。apologize【原文再现】Perhapssheknowsshe’sinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeshehasasimpleexplanationforherbehaviour.【拓展】vi.道歉，谢罪apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.=makeanapologytosb.for(doing)sth.因为（做）某事向某人道歉>apologyn.owesb.anapology需要向某人道歉 offeranapology主动道歉makeanapology致歉 demandanapology要求道歉acceptanapology接受道歉 aletterofapology一封道歉信【延伸】 1.动词后缀ize意思为“使成……状态;使……化”。2.英式英语中也可以使用“ise”。3.许多名词和形容词可以通过加后缀ize变为动词。名变动：apology>apologize summary> summarize standard>standardize形变动：real>realize special>specialize industrial>industrializebehaviour(AmEbehavior)n.行为，举止，态度good/bad/criminalbehaviour良好/恶劣/犯罪行为>behavev.behaveoneself使自己守规矩casen.具体情况，事例；案件；容器【原文再现】Inanycase,findanopportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithher.【拓展】 inanycase无论如何，不管怎样incaseofsth如果，假使Takemoremoneyincase.以防万一innocase绝不【放句首，句子用部分倒装】=bynomeans=undernocircumstances=atnotime=onnoaccount=onnoconditioninthatcase如果那样的话insomecases/inmostcases在某些情况/大多数情况下asisoftenthecase(with…)(对…而言)情况常常是这样，这是常有的事frankadj.坦率的,直率的【原文再现】Inanycase,findanopportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithher.【拓展】tobefrank说实话=franklyspeaking>franknessn.franklyadv.definitelyadv.肯定，确实；确切地【原文再现】Idefinitelyunderstandhowyoufeel.>definiteadj.肯定的，明确的givea~answer做出明确答复trick【原文再现】WhenIfoundoutthatIwastrickedbyhim,Iwasreallyhurtandletgoofourfriendship.【拓展】 vt.欺骗，欺诈 tricksb.intodoingsth.骗某人做某事 tricksb.outofsth.从某人处骗走某物 n.[C]诡计，花招；戏法；技巧,诀窍,窍门letgoof放弃，摒弃；松手，放开e.g.It’stimetoletgoofthepast.该忘掉过去了。Don’tletgooftherope.别松开绳子。ignore【原文再现】However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsormakesyousuffer,it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship.【拓展】 vt.①忽视ignoretheiradvice无视某人的劝告 ②佯装未见,不予理睬ignoresb.=takenonoticeofsb.Sheignoredhimandcarriedonwithherwork.

>ignorancen. outofignorance出于无知ignorantadj. beignorantof/aboutsth不知道某事beignorantthat…不知道…suffer【拓展】vi.受苦，受折磨；变差sufferfrom...遭受...的痛苦;患有...（疾病）vt.遭受,蒙受suffergreatlosses遭受巨大的损失>suffering[U]苦难/痛苦；[C]种种痛苦，苦难misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstoodvt.&vi.误解,误会>misunderstandingn.误会，误解clearupthe~消除误会contactvt.&n.联系，联络【原文再现】ThenIgotacallfromafriendwhomIhadn’tcontactedforalongtime.【拓展】 incontactwith与...保持联系losecontactwith与...失去联系contactsb.=makecontactwithsb.联系某人explode【原文再现】WhenAmyfoundout,sheexplodedwithanger.【拓展】 ①爆炸(blowup) vt.sth.explode/explodesth.②（情感）突然爆发，迸发vi.explodeintowildlaughter③勃然大怒，大发雷霆explodewithanger④突增，激增>explosionn.爆炸；激增explosiveadj.爆炸性的；易爆炸的；暴躁的；激增的generousadj.①宽宏大量的，仁慈的agenerousmind宽阔的胸怀②慷慨的begenerouswithsth.Itwasgenerousofsb.todosth. >generouslyadv.慷慨地 generosityn.慷慨counton依赖，依靠，指望(=dependon/relyon)【原文再现】Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.countonyoutohelpme指望你帮助我countonthiswarmweatherlasting指望暖和的天气持久【拓展】countv.①数数 ②重要Everyminutecounts.每一分钟都很重要（分秒必争）。countmein/out把我算在内/不算在内eatawayat【原文再现】Yetthesedays,themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.【拓展】①腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏eatawayatthedoorframe蛀坏门框eatawayatherconfidence逐渐丧失信心②（一段时间内）使某人苦恼，使某人担心shallowadj.【原文再现】Wemaybeabletomakefriendsonline,butthesefriendshipscanbequiteshallow.【拓展】 ①肤浅的，浅薄的superficial②浅的theshallowwaterblogn.博客，网志keepablog写博客，写网志=blogv.bloggingebetween...and...损害…之间的关系，离间【原文再现】Socialmedialikeblogshasebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove. e.g.Wehateanythingtoebetweenusandourfriends.我不喜欢任何有损我们和我们朋友之间关系的事情。inperson亲自，亲身personally【原文再现】Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives,weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeettheminperson. askhiminperson亲自问他tellherinperson当面告诉他themen.主题，主旋律athemepark主题公园thethemeofthearticle文章的主题slaven.奴隶；完全受某事物控制的人，完全依赖某事物的人beaslaveto...slaveryn.奴隶身份;奴隶制度raftn.木排，筏；橡皮艇,充气船highpoint最有意思（或最令人愉快、最好）的部分opp.lowpoint【原文再现】ThehighpointofthestoryeswhenHuckisfacedwiththedecisionofwhethertohandJimovertosomeslavecatchers.e.g.Itwasthehighpointoftheevening.那是晚会最精彩的部分。throughthickandthin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦【原文再现】Fromthisstorywecanseethatfriendsarepeoplewhosupportyouthroughthickandthin.e.g.He’ssupportedtheteamforovertenyearsthroughthickandthin.十多年来，在任何情况下他都支持这个队。opinionn.意见，看法（~on/about/of...）；（群体的）观点，信仰voicesb’sopinion表达某人的观点inone’sopinion在某人看来quality【原文再现】Inmyopinion,thefollowingqualitiesformthebasisofafriendship.【拓展】n. ①品德，素质haveleadershipqualities有领导素质②质量beofhighquality高质量的 thequalityoflife生活质量③特征thespecialqualityoflightandshadeinherpaintings她绘画中的明、暗特征adj.优质的，高质量的qualityservice优质的服务basisn.(pl.bases)基础；原因；基准onthebasisof...以...为基础onadailybasis=daily每天 onaregularbasis=regularly定期地respectopp.disrespectn.【原文再现】Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.【拓展】 vt.①尊重，尊敬respectsb.for...因为...尊重某人②遵守respectthelaw遵守法律n.尊敬，敬意；重视；方面showrespectforsb.尊重某人=respectsb.inthisrespect在这个方面withrespectto/inrespectof关于...，就...而言>①respectfuladj.表示敬意的，尊敬的e.g.Wewerebroughtuptoberespectfulofauthority.②respectableadj.值得尊敬的，体面的；相当好的，不丢面子的e.g.ahighlyrespectableneighbourhood非常体面的邻居aperfectlyrespectableresult 非常好的结果③respectiveadj.分别的，各自的④respectingprep.关于 e.g.informationrespectingthechild’swhereabouts关于孩子下落的消息⑤respectern.benorespecterofpersons平等待人，一视同仁getover【原文再现】Ishouldalsoencouragehimtotakeactiontogetoverthesedifficulties.【拓展】 ①克服=overegetoverhershyness克服羞怯②从疾病（或震惊、断绝关系等）中恢复常态efficientadj.效率高的，有功效的anefficientsecretary效率高的秘书>efficiencyn.效率，功效extra【原文再现】...butthisfriendshipisworthmyextratimeandeffort.【拓展】adj.额外的，分外的，附加的(=additional)e.g.Breakfastisprovidedatnoextracharge.供应早餐，不另外收费。adv.额外，另外chargeextra另外收费特别，格外Shetriedextrahard.她特别努力。bringout使显现，使表现出【原文再现】Tome,agoodfriendbringsoutthebestinaperson.e.g.Acrisisbringsoutthebestinher.这场危机使她的才能得到最大的发挥。【区分】bringabout=cause=resultin=leadto=giverise/birthto导致measure【原文再现】I’llalwaysvaluethesequalitiesofagoodfriendandtrytomeasuremyselfbythesestandardsasourfriendshipdevelops.【拓展】 vt.①估量，判定(=assess)measurethesuccessofthecampaign估量这场运动的成败②测量，度量measuresth.measurehowmuch/long...③linkingverb.无被动，不用进行时(指尺寸、长短、数量等)度量为...e.g.Thebedroommeasures5metresby8metres.卧室宽5米，长8米。n. ①措施takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事②衡量anaccuratemeasureofability能力的准确评判reflection【原文再现】...forquietperiodsofreflectioncanleadtopersonalimprovement.n. ①沉思givehimtimeforreflection给他反思的时间②（声、光、热等的）反射③映像admirehisreflectioninthemirror欣赏自己再镜中的影像④反映areflectionofyourpersonality反映出你的性格reflectonsth. 反思某事withoutreflection 不假思索>reflectv.reflectiveadj.沉思的；反射的，反光的；典型的，代表性的seeksoughtsoughtvi.试图；寻找；争取vt.寻求；寻找【原文再现】However,whenweseektobealone,wemustbecarefulthatwedonotalwaysescapeintoourownworld.【拓展】 seekforsth.寻找某物seekafter 追求seekone’sfortune 外出寻找发财的机会>seekern.寻找者jobseeker 求职者escapevi.&vt.①逃跑，逃脱 escapefrom从……逃脱/逃跑 escapefromprison从监狱逃跑②避开，避免 escape＋n./doingsth.避开(做)某事narrowlyescapebeingkilled险些丧命③被遗忘Hernameescapesme.我记不清起他的名字了sth.escapeone’snotice/attention某人没注意到...;逃过某人的注意 Thewordsescapeme.无从开口。【区分】escapefromprison 越狱 escapeprison 逃过牢狱之灾n.逃离，逃脱anarrowescape勉强逃脱；九死一生smoothout消除（问题），克服（困难）=smoothaway【原文再现】Moreoftenthannot,closefriendshipswillhelpsmoothoutthesometimesrockyroadthatweareallmeanttotravel.smoothouttheirrelationship缓和他们的关系【拓展】adj.（表面）光滑平坦的，平整的；（动作等）流畅的；（人）圆滑的，八面玲珑的；v. 抚平，弄平滑；解决问题，消除困难；缓和；使优雅smoothout/away 消除smooth/pavethewayfor 为...铺平道路>smoothlyadv.mean→meaning→meaningful→meaningfully【拓展】v.意味着；表示……的意思；打算，意欲①meantodo 打算做②meandoing 意味着③bemeanttodo 目的在于；注定要做某事，应做某事e.g.Wearemeanttobetogether.我们注定要在一起。 You’remeanttopaybeforeyougoin.你应该要先交钱才能进去。④bemeantforsb.打算给某人的，专为某人所准备的e.g.Thesedesksaremeantfortheold.这些桌子是专为老年人做准备的。adj.吝啬小气的；刻薄的；平均的；简陋的，破旧的；微薄的n.平均数※means手段，方式；财富（单复数同形）byallmeans当然行 bynomeans绝不 bymeansof 依靠...的手段※wellmeaning出于好心的，善意的benefit【原文再现】Asweliveinsocialgroups,therearemanybenefitsoffriendshipthatwecanenjoy.【拓展】 n.优势，益处，成效beofbenefitto... 对……有益的=bebeneficialto...forthebenefitof... 为了……的利益vt.使受益benefitsb.使某人获益vi.得益于benefitfrom...从……中受益> beneficialadj.【注】sth.benefitsb.=sb.benefitfromsth.=sth.isbeneficialtosb.=sth.isofbenefittosb.fort【原文再现】Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”:theymayforttheheart,advisetheheadandhelpusachievethegoalswesetforourselves.【拓展】vt.宽慰，抚慰 Itfortssb.todosth.n. ①舒服liveinfort舒适地②安慰，慰藉，宽慰[U]bringforttosb.③令人感到安慰的人或事物[singular]agreatforttosb.Itis/wasaforttodosth. 做...是件令人安慰的事。> adj.fortable(opp.)unfortableadv.fortablyjoyn.高兴，愉快[U]；令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣[C]failuren.①失败[U]endinfailure以失败告终②失败的人（或事）[C]Hewasafailure.③未履行failuretodosth.未能做成功某事v.failtodosth.④故障heart/liverfailure心脏/肾衰竭>failv.failtodosth.未能做成功某事 failsb.使某人失望；给某人不及格Hiseyesightisfailing.他的视力逐渐衰退。Thebrakesfailed.刹车失灵。Wordsfailme. 无法用语言表达。takeon【原文再现】Here,friendshiphasadoubleadvantage—happinesstakesonagreatermeaningandatroublesharedbeesatroublehalved!【拓展】①呈现，具有takeonanewlook②承担（责任）takeonextrawork③雇佣takeonnewworkers【区分】takeon 聘用，雇用；呈现；承担或担任takeoff 脱下；起飞；打折扣；请假休息takeover 接替，接管，继承takein 收留，包括，理解，欺骗takeup 开始(学习或从事等)；继续；占去；接纳；讨论。infullmeasure最大程度地，最大限度地【原文再现】Withtruefriends,wefeelfreetoshareourjoyandsadnessinfullmeasure.moment【原文再现】Weknowthatourfriendswillbothrespectourfeelingsandtreasurethesemomentsofcloseness.【拓展】 n. ①时光，时机therightmomenttodosth.做某事的适当的时机②瞬间inamoment立刻③某个时刻atthemoment现在themoment一...就...forthemoment目前atthemoment此刻，目前，眼下atthatmoment 在那时inamoment一会，立刻，马上>momentaryadj.momentarilyadv.indeedadv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地【原文再现】Indeed,thehumanheartdependsonsuchopportunitiesforfortandprotection. Afriendinnee