对外经济贸易大学英语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2010年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2011年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2012年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2013年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2014年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2015年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2016年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211

翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2010年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

PartIVocabularyandGrammar(30%)

Directions：Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentence

therearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthat

bestcompletesthesentence.

1．Theladyinthisstrange-taleveryobviouslysuffersfromaseriousmental

illness.Herplotagainstacompletelyinnocentoldmanisadearsignof

_________.

A.impulse

B.insanity

C.inspiration

D.disposition

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在这个奇怪的故事中，这个女人很明显有严重的心理疾

病。她的针对一个完全无辜老人的阴谋正是精神错乱很好的体现。

insanity精神错乱，精神失常；十分愚蠢的行为；荒唐的行为。impulse

突如其来的念头；推动，冲力。inspiration灵感；鼓动人心的人

（事）。disposition气质；天性，性格；倾向。

2．Thereisnodoubtthatthe________ofthesegoodstotheothersiseasyto

see.

A.prestige

B.superiority

C.priority

D.publicity

【答案】B

【解析】句意：很容易看出这些商品优于其他的，这是毋庸置疑的。

superiority优势，优等。prestige威信，声望。besuperiorto优越于。

priority优先权，重点；优先考虑的事。publicity宣传，宣扬。

3．Thepriceofthecoalwillvaryaccordingtohowfarithastobe

transportedandhowexpensivethefreight_______are.

A.payments

B.charges

C.funds

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】句意：根据运输距离的长短和运费的高低，煤价会波动。

charge收费，用，此词可泛指为其提供服务后所要求应付的价钱。

payment指付款，付出的款项。fund基金，专款。price是可数名词“价

格，价钱”“代价”，一般指商品的售价。

4．Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface，itwillnotbearclose

_________.

A.temperament

B.contamination

C.scrutiny

D.symmetry

【答案】C

【解析】句意：尽管这个模型表面上看起来很好，但经不起仔细的检

验。scrutiny细看，细查。temperament性格，性情；气质。contamination

污染，弄脏，玷污。symmetry对称；整齐。

5．Whileafullunderstandingofwhatcausesthediseasemaybeseveral

yearsaway,_________leadingtoasuccessfultreatmentcouldcomemuch

sooner.

A.adistinction

B.abreakthrough

C.anidentification

D.aninterpretation

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管完全了解什么导致了这种疾病可能是几年之后的

事，但是能带来成功治疗的突破性进展很快就会到来。breakthrough突

破性进展，重大发现。distinction区别，差别；特征；身份证明。

interpretation解释，说明，诠释。

6．To_________importantdatesinhistory，countriescreatespecial

holidays.

A.commend

B.memorize

C.propagate

D.commemorate

【答案】D

【解析】句意：国家规定了专门的节日来纪念历史上重要的日子。

commemorate纪念，庆祝。commend表扬；称赞；推荐；举荐。

memorize记住，熟记，记忆。propagate传播；宣传，普及。

7．Pleasedonotbe_________byhisoffensiveremarkssinceheismerely

tryingtoattractattention.

A.distracted

B.disregarded

C.irritated

D.intervened

【答案】C

【解析】句意：不要因为他无礼的话语而生气，因为他只是为了吸引别

人的注意而已。irritate使发怒，使急躁；使感到不适，使疼痛。distract

使(人)分心，分散(注意力)；打扰。disregard不顾，不理会。intervene出

面；介入；插嘴；打断(别人的话)；阻碍；阻挠。

8．Hewouldn’tanswerthereporters’questions，norwouldhe_________

foraphotograph.

A.summon

B.highlight

C.pose

D.marshal

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他既不会回答记者的问题，也不会摆姿势照相。

pose（使）摆姿势；以……身份出现。summon传唤；召集；传讯（出

庭），传唤。highlight强调，突出，使显著。marshal整理，排列，集

结。

9．Ifyoudon’t_________thechildrenproperly,Mr.Chiver,they’lljustrun

riot.

A.mobilize

B.warrant

C.manipulate

D.supervise

【答案】D

【解析】句意：沈沃先生，如果你不妥善的监督孩子，他们就会捣乱。

supervise监督，管理。mobilize动员起来，调动，鼓动起。warrant使有

必要，使恰当；保证，担保。manipulate熟练控制；（暗中）控制，操

纵，影响。

10．Weshould_________ourenergyandyouthtothedevelopmentofour

country.

A.dedicate

B.cater

C.ascribe

D.cling

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们应当将活力与青春奉献给我家的发展。dedicate奉

献，贡献，把…奉献给。cater满足需要；适合。ascribe把…归于；认

为…是由于。cling附着于，缠住；坚持。

11．Manyscientistsremain_________aboutthevalueofthisresearch

program.

A.sceptical

B.stationary

C.spacious

D.specific

【答案】A

【解析】句意：许多科学家仍然怀疑这项研究项目的价值。beskeptical

…about不肯相信的；常怀疑的。stationary不动的；静止的，固定的；不

可移动的。spacious(房间或建筑物)宽敞的。specific具体的，特有的，

特定的。

12．Ahuman’seyesightisnotas_________asthatofaneagle.

A.eccentric

B.acute

C.sensible

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】句意：人的视力不如鹰的敏锐。acute敏锐的，深刻的，剧烈

的。eccentric古怪的，怪癖的。sensible明智的，合情理的，切合实际

的。sensitive易受伤害的，敏感的；过敏的。

13．Shoesofthiskindare_________tosliponwetground.

A.feasible

B.appropriate

C.apt

D.fitting

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这种鞋子在湿地上容易滑倒。beaptto倾向于。feasible

可行的,可能且合理的。appropriate合适的，适合的，适宜的。fitting合

身的；合…适的。

14．ThemembersofParliamentwere_________thatthegovernmenthad

notconsultedthem.

A.impatient

B.tolerant

C.crude

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：议员很生气因为政府没有向他们咨询。indignant愤怒

的，愤慨的，义愤的。impatient.不耐烦的，急躁的。tolerant容忍的，

忍受的。crude天然的，未加工的；简陋的，粗糙的。

15．Theprisonguardswerearmedandreadytoshootif_________inany

way.

A.intervened

B.incurred

C.provoked

D.poked

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果被惹恼了，狱警就武装好准备射击。provoke激

起；惹怒；引起；引发。intervene出面；介入。incur遭受；招致，引

起。poke伸出；戳出。

16．Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill________

establishedstandardsofthatculture.

A.confine

B.conform

C.confront

D.confirm

【答案】C

【解析】句意：特定文化中的大部分人都要面对那个文化已经建立起来

的标准。confront面对；对抗；与（某人）对峙。confine限制；局限

于。confinesb./sth.insth.把…局限在。conform不及物动词，conformto

遵守，符合，遵从，服从。confirm证实，证明；肯定，确认。

17．Althoughhewasonadiet，thefood_________himenormously.

A.inspired

B.tempted

C.overcame

D.encouraged

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管他在节食，但是美食让他难以自制。tempt引起某

人的欲望，吸引某人。inspire鼓舞，激励。overcame被(烟、感情等)熏

（压）倒，使受不了。encourage鼓励，激励；支持。

18．Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan_________tobe

wastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他的观点没有暗示人类在这些资源的利用中有权利去浪

费。resortto诉诸；依靠，求助于。grant授予；同意。afford给予，提

供；买得起。affordto买得起某物；能承担；支付的起；（有条件）

做。entitle称作…；给…称号；使…有权利entitleto给以权利；使有资

格；给予…的权利(或资格)。

19．Ifyouwantthispainkiller,you’llhavetoaskthedoctorfora

_________.

A.receipt

B.recipe

C.subscription

D.prescription

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果你想要这种止痛药，得让医生开一个药方。

prescription处方，药方；处方上开的药。receipt收据，发票。recipe烹饪

法；食谱。subscription捐助，订阅，签名。

20．Somefishhaveagreater_________foracidwaterthanothers.

A.tolerance

B.resistance

C.dependence

D.persistence

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一些鱼比其他鱼更能忍受酸性水。tolerance（for）宽

容，容忍。resistance（against）抵抗，反抗，抵抗能力。dependence依

赖，依靠。persistence坚持不懈，执意，执着，持续；留存。

21．Reading_________themindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge；itis

thinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.

A.rectifies

B.prolongs

C.minimizes

D.furnishes

【答案】D

【解析】句意：阅读只是用堆积的知识来充实大脑；只有思考才能使我

们读过的东西真正成为自己的。furnish提供；陈设，布置。rectify改

正，矫正。prolong延长，拉长；拖延。minimize把…减至最低数量。

22．Ifthefirealarmiscounted，allresidentsarerequestedto_________in

thecourtyard.

A.assemble

B.converge

C.crowd

D.accumulate

【答案】A

【解析】句意：火警响了之后，所有的居民必须在院中集合。所有的选

项都有聚集之意。converge不太常用形容人群。表示事物交于一点。

crowd有拥挤、推搡的意思。accumulate表示财富的堆积。故选A。

23．Theworkintheofficewas_________byaconstantstreamofvisitors.

A.confused

B.hampered

C.reversed

D.perplexed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：来访者络绎不绝，办公室的工作因此不断被打断。

hamper妨碍，束缚，限制。confuse使困惑，把……弄糊涂。reverse(使)

反转，(使)翻转。perplex使迷惑；使混乱。

24．Thejoysoftravel,havinglong________thedisabled,areopeningupto

virtuallyanyonewhohasthemeans.

A.omitted

B.missed

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】C

【解析】句意：旅游的快乐,长期以来都忽略了残疾人，现在事实上对

任何一个拥有交通工具的人开放了。neglected忽视，疏忽。omit省略，

遗漏；删掉。missed错过；思念。discarded抛弃。

25．Fewerandfeweroftoday’sworkersexpecttospendtheirworkinglives

inthesamefield,_________thesamecompany.

A.allelse

B.muchworse

C.lesslikely

D.letalone

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如今，越来越少的人愿意在同一领域工作，更不用说在

同一个公司了。letalone更不用说，还不算。allelse其他所有的。much

worse更糟糕。lesslikely不大可能。

26．Whenhefinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays，johnwas

_________pale.

A.enormously

B.startlingly

C.uniquely

D.dramatically

【答案】B

【解析】句意：三十天后，约翰从洞穴里出来时，惊人的白。startlingly

惊人的。enormously巨大地，庞大地。uniquely独特地，唯一地；珍奇

地。dramatically戏剧性地；引人注目地;显著的。

27．Thankyouforapplyingforapositionwithourfirm.Wedonothaveany

openingsatthistime，butweshallkeepyourapplicationon_________

months.

A.pile

B.segment

C.sequence

D.file

【答案】D

【解析】句意：感谢您应聘我们公司，但是目前我们没有空缺职位，不

过我很会将您的简历存档的。onfile存档，记录下来备查。pile一堆，一

叠。segment部分，份。sequence顺序；连续。

28．Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarry

largeamountsofcash;virtuallyallfinancial_________willbeconductedby

computer.

A.transactions

B.transmissions

C.transitions

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】句意：因为几乎所有的金融交易将通过计算机进行，人们不需

身上带大量的现金，所以走在街上就比较安全。transaction(一笔)交

易；(一项)事务。transmission传送,传播,传达。transition过渡，转变；

变迁；变革。transformation变化，弯形；变质，转变。

29．The________ofaculturalphenomenonisusuallyalogical

consequenceofsomephysicalaspectinthelifestyleofthepeople.

A.implementation

B.manifestation

C.demonstration

D.expedition

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一种文化现象的兴起，通常是人们生活方式中某种物质

层面所导致的逻辑结果。implementation贯彻，执行，履行，完成。

manifestation显示；表明；表示。demonstration表明，证明；示范。

expedition远征，探险，考察。

30．ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbrought

increase______,awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionof

newspaperjobs.

A.manipulation

B.reproduction

C.circulation

D.penetration

【答案】C

【解析】句意：美国报纸界新的科技革命带来了发行量的增加，发行物

的多样化和与报纸有关工作的增多。circulation发行量；流通，循环。

manipulation操作，控制。reproduction繁殖,生殖,繁殖方式。penetration

穿透，穿透能力，穿透深度。

PartIIReadingComprehension(40%)

ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionsbychoosingA，B，C

orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.

Passage1

Scientistsseemingtocureandpreventinsulin-dependentdiabeteshave

discoveredwhatgoeswronginthebodiesofaspecialbreedofmiceproneto

theafflictionand,usingthatknowledge,havedevelopedawaytopreventthe

diseaseintheRoberts.

Becausemousediabetesisalmostidenticaltohumantype1diabetes(also

calledinsulin-dependentorjuvenile-onsetdiabetes),theresearcherssaythey

maybereadytotesttheirtechniquesonhumansinfiveyearsandthata

treatmentforpatientsintheearlystagesofthediseasecouldbereadytotest

intwoyears.

Infindings—publishedinlastweek’sissueofNature—wereobtainedbytwo

researchgroupsworkingindependently.OnewasledbyDanielL.Kaufaman,

amolecularbiologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles,andthe

otherbyHughO.McdevitofStanfordUniversity.

“There’sgreatexcitementattheprospectsforthisresearch”saidJames

Gavin,adiabetesspecialistandpresidentoftheAmericanDiabetes

Association.“Thesearestudiesyouhavetocallconvincing.Theyareclearly

likelytohavehumanapplications.”

Type1diabeteshaslongbeenknowntobeanautoimmunedisease—an

ailmentinwhichtheimmunesystem,insteadofdefendingthebodyagainst

invadingmicrobes,mistakenlyattackspartofthebody.Indiabetes,itkills

thespecialcellsinthepancreasthatmakeinsulin.Withoutinsulin,cells

cannottakeinsugar.Thebodyisdeprivedofsugarenergyandits

accumulationinthebloodstreamdamagesnervesandotherissues.The

potentialnewtreatmentswouldeitherstoptheimmunesystemfrommakinga

mistakeorsuppressanexistingerroneousresponse.

1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrect?

A.Thenewtreatmentfordiabeteshasbeenappliedtohumans.

B.Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenmousediabetesandhumantype

diabetes.

C.Thediscoveryofwhatgoeswrongwithaspecialkindofmiceenables

scientiststofindawaytopreventdiabetesinhumans.

D.ThediscoverymadebytheresearchgroupsledbyDanielL.Kaufmanand

HughMcdevitisconvincing.

2．Accordingtoscientistsdiabetescausesallthefollowing

EXCEPT_________.

A.lackofinsulin

B.accumulationofsugarenergy

C.braindamages

D.disorderintheimmunesystem

3．Scientistsfindthatitispossibletocurediabetesbymeansof_________.

A.operationonpancreas

B.stoppingtheaccumulationofbloodcells

C.accumulationsugarenergy

D.preventingtheimmunesystemfrommakingmistakes

4．Rodentsinthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphreferstoaspeciesof

animalsincludingallthefollowingEXCEPT_________.

A.rats

B.rabbits

C.cats

D.squirrels

5．Withwhatcancellstakeinsugar?

A.insulin

B.pancreas

C.diabetes

D.immunesystem

【答案与解析】

1．A本题考查细节。根据文章第二段第二句“theresearcherssaythey

maybereadytotesttheirtechniquesonhumansinfiveyearsandthata

treatmentforpatientsintheearlystagesofthediseasecouldbereadytotest

intwoyears.”可知研究者准备五年后在人身上实验他们的技术，两年后

治疗处于糖尿病初期的患者，因此这种对糖尿病的治疗方法还没有用到

人类身上。故A项说法不正确。第一句提到“mousediabetesisalmost

identicaltohumantype1diabetes”，由此可知鼠类的糖尿病与人类的一种

糖尿病几乎一样，并没有太大区别，故B项说法正确。有文章第三段可

知这些发现是由两个不同的团队独立完成的，第四段提到这些研究令人

信服，故D项说法正确。第一段最后一句“...havedevelopedawayto

preventthediseaseintheRoberts.”，此处的罗伯特并不是特指叫这个名字

的人而是泛指人类。故C项说法正确。

2．C最后一段提到糖尿病发生的原因。首先是免疫系统，它非但不抵

御进去体内的细菌，反而攻击身体的某些部位，所以免疫系统混乱，不

能正常工作，故D正确。糖尿病将胰岛里产生胰岛素的细胞杀死，没有

了胰岛素就不能吸收糖分，糖分堆积在体液中和其他组织中，体内缺少

糖分提供能量，故A，B正确。C在文中并未提及。

3．D最后一段最后一句提到了这种治疗的新方法“hepotentialnew

treatmentswouldeitherstoptheimmunesystemfrommakingamistakeor

suppressanexistingerroneousresponse.”，或者组织免疫系统出错，或者

压制现存的错误反应。故选D。

4．Crodent指啮齿类动物。选项中只有cat不属于啮齿类动物，猫属于

猫科动物。故选C。

5．A最后一段第二句话“Indiabetes，itkillsthespecialcellsinthe

pancreasthatmakeinsulinWithoutinsulin，cellscannottakeinsugar.”由此

可见胰岛素可以吸收糖分。故选A。

Passage2

Everymanisaphilosopher.Everymanhashisownphilosophyoflifeand

hisspecialviewoftheuniverse.Moreover,hisphilosophyisimportant,more

importantperhapsthathehimselfknows.Itdetermineshistreatmentof

friendsandenemies,hisconductwhenaloneandinsociety,hisattitude

towardshishome,hiswork,andhiscountry,hisreligiousbeliefs,hisethical

standards,hissocialadjustmentandhispersonalhappiness.

Nations,too,throughthepoliticalormilitarypartyinpower,havetheir

philosophersofthoughtandaction.Warsarewagedandrevolutionsincited

becauseoftheclashofideologies,theconflictofphilippics.Ithasalways

beenso.WorldWarIIisbutthelatestandmostdramaticillustrationofthe

combustiblenatureofdifferencesinsocialandpoliticalphilosophy.

Philosophy,saysPlato,beginswithwonder.Wewonderaboutthedestructive

furyofearthquakes,floods,storms,drought,pestilence,famine,andfire,the

mysteriesofbirthanddeath,pleasureandpain,changeandpermanence,

cruellyandkindness,instinctsandideals,mindandbody,thesizeofthe

universeandman’splaceinit.Ourquestionsareendless.Whatisman?What

isNature?Whatisjustice?Whatisduty?Aloneamongtheanimalsmanis

concernedabouthisoriginandend,abouthispurposesandgoals,aboutthe

meaningoflifeandthenatureofreality.Healonedistinguishesbetween

beautyandugliness,goodandevil,thebetterandtheworse.Hemaybea

memberoftheanimalkingdom,butheisalsoacitizenoftheworldofideas

andvalues.

Someofman’squestionshavehadanswers.Wheretheanswerisclear,we

callitscienceorartandmoveontohighergroundandanewvistaofthe

world.Manyofourquestions,however,willneverhavefinalanswers.Men

willalwaysdiscussthenatureofjusticeandright,thesignificanceofevil,the

artofgovernment,therelationofmindandmatter,thesearchfortruth,the

questforhappiness,theideaofGod,andthemeaningofreality.

Thehumanracehasreflectedsolongandoftenontheseproblemsthatthe

samepatternsofthoughtrecurinalmosteveryage.Weshouldknowwhat

thesethoughtsare.Weshouldknowwhatanswershavebeensuggestedby

thosewhohavemostinfluencedancientandmodernthought.Weshallwant

todoourownthinkingandfindourownanswers.Itis,however,neither

necessarynoradvisabletotravelalone.Othershavehelpeddispelthe

darkness,andthelighttheyhavekindledmayalsoilluminateourway.

6．Inthepassage,theauthorsaysthateverymanisaphilosopher.Thisis

because_________.

A.everymanliveslikeaphilosopher

B.everymanisawareoftheimportanceofphilosophy

C.everymanlivesinaccordancewithhisworldoutlook

D.everymanlivesconsciously

7．AccordingtoPlato,philosophyoriginatedfrom_________.

A.whatwedon’tknow

B.somemiracles

C.thequestiononwhatmanis

D.moralvalues

8．Accordingtotheauthor,wecantracetherootofwarin_________.

A.thepowerstruggle

B.themilitarycompetition

C.theconflictofideas

D.theracialcontradiction

9．Inthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat_________.

A.itisnotgoodforpeopletotravelalone

B.oneshouldexplorephilosophicalproblemsundertheguidanceofother

philosophers

C.oneshouldfollowthepathofotherphilosophers

D.onewouldstudyphilosophywithothers

10．Whatiscalledscienceorart,accordingtotheauthor?

A.thedeficitanswersofsomeofman’squestions

B.Man’sthoughts

C.allofman’squestions

D.themeaningofreality

【答案与解析】

6．C第一段第一句提到“Everymanisaphilosopher.Everymanhashis

ownphilosophyoflifeandhisspecialviewoftheuniverse”，由此可知每个

人都是哲学家，每个人都有自己对生命的哲学看法和世界观。后一句是

对前一句的解释，因此选A。

7．A本题考查判断推理。第三段第一句“Philosophy，saysPlato，

beginswithwonder.”在柏拉图看来哲学起于迷惑不解。wonder有“迷惑，

诧异”的意思。通过下文举得让人思考的例子也可看出哲学起源于我们

不知道的东西。故选A。

8．C本题考查判断推理。第二段提到“Warsarewagedandrevolutions

incitedbecauseoftheclashofideologies，theconflictofphilippics.”，由此

可知战争革命是因为意识形态的冲突和观点的不同。故选C。

9．B本题考查对段落的整体把握与推理。最后一段提到“人类在很早就

已经思考过这些问题，并且思考了很长时间，所以我们应当了解这些思

想是什么，古代及现代的人们给出的答案又是什么。然后我们进行自己

的思考找到自己的答案，但是没必要自己独立寻找答案。”A，C，D虽

然本身正确，不应该travelalone但还要自己进行思考，从而得出自己的

观点，都只是其中一方面，只有B最全面。

10．A由第四段第二句“Wheretheanswerisclear,wecallitscienceorart

andmoveontohighergroundandanewvistaoftheworld.”可知答案清楚

地，我们就称之为科学或艺术。故选A。

Passage3

Aboutonecommercialbankoutofeveryfourhasatrustdepartmentthat

provides；specializedfiduciaryservicesforitscustomers.Toengageinthe

trustbusiness,abankmustobtainfromitscharteringagencytrustpowersthat

enableittoofferthesespecializedfinancialservices.Thefollowingsections

provideanintroductiontothetrustfunction.

Withroughly75percentofbanking-industryparticipantsnotengagedintrust

operations,trustservicesobviouslyplayasomewhatlimitedroleinthe

industry.Since1981thepercentagecontributionoftheserevenuestototal

operatingincomeandtotalassetshasbeenincreasingafterdecliningsince

1975.Asofyear-end1983,trustincomewas$4.2billionandamountedto

1.74percentoftotaloperatingincomeand0.185percentoftotalbankassets.

Overtheeight-yearperiod1975to1983,trustincomegrewatacompound

annualrateof12.78percentcomparedto17.42percentfortotaloperating

incomeand11.81percentfortotalassets.

Trustdepartmentsgeneraterevenuebychargingfeesfortheservicesthey

provide.Intheearlydaysofthetrustbusiness,thesefeesusuallywere

calculatedasapercentageofIncomeearnedfromtrustassets.Today,most

feeincomeisbaseduponprincipalvalueoracombinationofprincipalvalue

andincome.Toillustrate,afeeschedulebaseduponprincipalvaluefor

personaltrustaccountsmightrangefrom1percentto25percentannually,

dependinguponthesizeoftheaccount.Oneofthecontroversialareasintrust

managementishowtomeasurefeeincome.

Theserviceobjectivesoftrustandagencyrelationshipsinvolvefivemajor

operations：1)recordkeeping,2)safekeeping,3)personalandfinancial

counseling,4)investing,and5)controlofassets.

Personaltrustsandemployee-benefitaccountsarethemajorbusinesslinesof

trustdepartments,asofDecember31,1980,thesetwolinesaccountedfor

$440billionor77percentoftotaltrustassetsof$571billion.Ineachofthe

majorbusinesslines,commonstocksarethemajorinvestmentvehicle,as

theyaccountforroughly48percentortotaltrustassets.Personaltrustshave

thehighestproportionofassetsincommonstocksat56percent.

DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTRUE,FALSEorNOT

GIVEN,andWritetheanswerintheblanket.

11．_________Mostsmall-sizedbanksusuallyhaveatrustdepartment.

A.TRUE

B.FALSE

C.NOTGIVEN

12．_________Trustservicesoccupyaveryimportantpositioninthe

bankingindustry.

A.TRUE

B.FALSE

C.NOTGIVEN

13．_________Nowadays,bankschargefeesforthetrustservicesthey

providewhichwerecountedaspartoftheearningsfromtrustassets.

A.TRUE

B.FALSE

C.NOTGIVEN

14．_________Thetrustserviceoperationsincludesafekeeping,counseling

andinvestingetc.

A.TRUE

B.FALSE

C.NOTGIVEN

15．_________Inpersonaltrustsandemployee-benefitaccountsoftrust

departmentsduringthe1980s,commonstocksarethemajorinvestment

vehicle.

A.TRUE

B.FALSE

C.NOTGIVEN

【答案与解析】

11．B第一句提到1/4的商业银行有信托部门，因此most不对。

12．B由第二段第一句“……trustservicesobviouslyplayasomewhat

limitedroleintheindustry.”可知信托服务业在银行业中只起到有限的作

用。故起到很重要的作用不对。

13．B本题是细节题。第三段第二句提到“Intheearlydaysofthetrust

business，thesefeesusuallywerecalculatedasapercentageofIncome

earnedfromtrustassets”，由此可讲，是在过去而不是现在信托业务被看

成是信托资产的一部分。因此本题不对。

14．A由倒数第二段可推知。

15．C最后一段第一句虽然提到“如同1980年12月31日一样，个人信托

和员工福利是信托部门的主要业务”，并且在第二句中说明普通股票是

现在主要的投资途径，但第二句中只是单纯描述现在的情况，并没有提

到是否同八十年代相同，因此不能推断出八十年代的主要投资途径是否

是普通股票，故选C。

Passage4

___16___.ThreecentreontheUnitedStates.AfourthrelatestoChina,and

thefifthisthatoilpricescouldrisetoover$70perbarrelevenwithouta

majorpoliticalorterroristdisruptionandmuchhigherwithone.

Mostoftheserisksreinforceeachother.Afurtheroilshock,adollarcollapse

andasoaringAmericanbudgetdeficitwouldallgeneratemuchhigher

inflationandinterestrates.____17___.Largerbudgetdeficitswillproduce

largerAmericantradedeficits,andthusmoreprotectionismanddollar

vulnerability.Realizationofanyoneofthefiveriskscouldsubstantially

reduceworldgrowth.Iftwoorthree,letaloneallfive,weretooccurin

combinationthentheywouldradicallyreversetheglobaloutlook.

____18___.Ithasalreadyreachedanannualrateof$870billion,wellabove

7%oftheeconomy.ItisexpectedthatthedeficitwouldexceedSatrillionper

yearby2010.

Therearethreereasonsforthisdismalprospect.First,Americanmerchandise

importsarenowalmosttwiceaslargeasexports；henceexportswouldhave

togrowtwiceasfastasimportsmerelytohaltthedeterioration.Second,

economicgrowthislikelytoremainfasterinAmericathaninitsmajor

marketsandhigherincomesthereincreasedemandforimportsmuchfaster

thanincomegrowthelsewhereincreasesdemandforAmericanexports.

Third,___19___.

Fearsofahardlandingforthedollarandtheworldeconomyareofcourse

notnew.Thesituationismuchmoreominoustoday,however,becauseofthe

recordcurrent—accountdeficitsandinternationaldebt,andthehigh

probabilityoffurtherrapidincreasesinboth.____20____,whichwere

associatedwithstagflation,ratherthanthel980swhenasharpfallinenergy

costsandinflationcushioneddollardepreciation(butstillproducedhigher

interestratesandBlackMondayforthestockmarket).

ChoosethefollowingsentencesmarkedAtoEtocompletetheabovearticle.

WriteyourchoiceonyourANSWERSHEET.

16．_________

17．_________

18．_________

19．_________

20．_________

A.America’slargedebtorpositionmeansthatitsnetinvestmentincome

paymentstoforeignerswillescalatesteadily,especiallyasinterestratesrise.

B.Asharpdollardeclinewouldincreasethelikelihoodoffurtheroilprice

rises.

C.Thepotentialescalationofoilpricessuggestsaparallelwiththedollar

declinesofthe1970s.

D.Themostalarmingnewprospectisanothersharpdeteriorationin

America’scurrentaccountdeficit.

E.Fivemajorrisksthreatentheworldeconomy.

【答案与解析】

16．E本段主要介绍了美国有三个中心，第四个是中国，第五个与石油

价格有关。第二段又提到这些危险之间使彼此更加严重。由此可见一共

是五个危险世界经济的危险。

17．B本段第一句作为中心句提到这些危险因素之间相互影响，会使为

先进一步上升。第二句美元贬值和不断上升的财政赤字可能导致通货膨

胀和利率上升，因此下文应当提到美元贬值对油价的影响。

18．D第四段第一句提到这种不乐观的prospect有三种原因。此句的

prospect是对上文的提示。此外第三段解释了美国财政赤字带来的后

果。

19．A本段提到了美国财政赤字的三个原因，一是商品的进口高于出

口；二是美国经济增长很快，更高的收入会刺激进口比较多，刺激出口

少。因此第三个原因应是出口少了，还贷款就会减少，故选A。

20．C后面的定语从句修饰本句，定语从句中提到而“不是与二十世纪

八十年代的资源价格跌落和美元贬值有关”，可推断前面也应和油价和

美元有关。故选C。

PartⅢWriting(30%)

WriteanEnglishreportof250-300wordsdescribingtheworldeconomic

pyramidaccordingtothefollowingchartandgiveyourownanalysisofthe

purchasingpowersituation.Yourwritingwillbeassessedforlanguage,

format,structureandcontent.

【参考范文】

ThePurchasingPowerAnalysis

Thechartillustratestheworldeconomicpyramidintermsofannualper

capitalincomeandpopulation.Theeconomicpyramidisdividedinto4tires

accordingtopurchasingpower.

Theforthtireliesatthebottomofthispyramid,withapopulationofabout

4,000million.Peoplebelongingtothistireearnlessthan1,500dollarson

averageperyear.Thethirdandsecondtiresareinthemiddlepartofthis

pyramid.Theamountof1,625millionpeoplewithsalariesrangingfrom

2,000to20,000dollarsconstitutesthispart.Atthetopofeconomicpyramid

standsthefirsttire,includingtherichallovertheworld.Comparedwith

thoseintheforthtire,thetotalamountofpeopleinthisgroupisonly87.5

million,withover20,000dollarsannualpercapitalincome.

Accordingtothechart,itisnotdifficultforustocometotheconclusionthat

about60%ofpeopleearnlessthan1,500ayear.Sincemostpeopleearnnot

somuch,theirconsumingdemandmainlyconcentrateonthebasicliving

standard.Weallknowthatordinarypeople’spurchasingpowerhavegreat

influenceononecountry’seventheworld’seconomictrend.Ifpeopleinthe

forthtirearepoor,thewholecountry’spurchasingdemandisnotpromising.

What’smore,fromthegraphwecanseethattheincomegapbetweentherich

andpooriswide,whichmeansmostordinarypeopledonothaveaccessto

themerchandiseorservicesneededorwanted.Themiddleclasspeopleplay

theroleofbackboneintheaspectofpurchasingpowerastheymayhave

extramoneytoenjoythemselvesbesideslivingrelativelycomfortable.

Toconclude,thereliesagapinthepurchasingpowersituationandmost

people’sconsumingcapacityisnotsopromising,therefore,howtoimprove

ordinarypeople’slivingqualitymaystillbegovernments’toptask.

2011年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

PartIVocabularyandGrammar(40％)

SectionIMultipleChoice(22points)

ChoosefromA,B,CorDtheONEthatbestcompletesthesentenceand

markyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.

1．TheSpaceAge_____inOctoberl957whenthefirstartificialsatellite

waslaunchedbytheSovietUnion.

A.initiated

B.originated

C.embarked

D.commenced

【答案】D

【解析】句意：太空时代始于1957年十月，这一年苏联发射了第一颗人

造卫星。commence开始，着手。initiate着手，发起。originate起源于；

开创。embark乘船，装载；从事。

2．Johnsaidthathedidn’tquiteandaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

A.snatchup

B.summonup

C.catchon

D.watchout

【答案】C

【解析】句意：约翰说他没有太明白我说的话，让我再重复一遍。catch

on理解，明白。snatchup夺取，迅速抓取。summonup总结。watchout

当心。

3．Whenhetriedtomakea_____,hefoundthatthehotelthathewanted

wascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

A.complaint

B.claim

C.reservation

D.decision

【答案】C

【解析】句意：当他决定预定房间的时候，他发现旅馆已经因为会议的

召开而客满了。reservation预定。complaint埋怨，不满。claim声称,断

言。decision决定。

4．Abudgetoffivedollarsadayistotally_____foratriproundEurope.

A.inadequate

B.incapable

C.incompatible

D.invalid

【答案】A

【解析】句意：每天五美元在欧洲旅行时完全不够的。inadequate不充

足的,不适当的。incapable无能力的,不会的。incompatible合不来的