2021年新高三英语暑假讲义-第10讲：阅读理解题型设计解读+题型综合练+JKL字母高考核心词汇（教师版）

第10讲：阅读理解题型设计解读嘤蟹逢高考核心词汇

内容导航

目录内容

阅读题干设计分析：高考阅读理解9大题型分析

语法与词汇

题型综合练阅读理解说明文+六选四

完形填空+翻译+概要写作

高考核心词汇积累JKL字母高考核心词汇

要点梳理

仔”在

才目彳弋衰至

但1多1二是建

H）课堂精讲

高考阅读理解9大题型分析

1.例证题：

①例证题的标记。当题干中出现example,case,illustrate,illustration,exemplify时。

②举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。

③例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。

［举例］ResearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhotakeVitaminCsupplementsofover5000milligramsadayaremore

likelytodevelopcancer.Thisshowshowmuchdamagethesehealthsupplementsdotopeople'shealth.A

spokesmanforthehealthsupplementindustryhasarguedthatotherresearchshowsthatVitaminCsupplements

helppreventheartdisease,butwecandismissthisevidenceasitisfromabiasedsource.

Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Healthywayoflifegivingwaytooveruseofmedicine

B.Differentfindingsastotakingadditionalvitamin

C.EU'sresponsetooveruseofhealthproducts

D.Worryingincreaseinmultivitaminadvertising

【解析】本段通过举例、正反对比等手法，论证了过量服用维生素C会造成反面效果，对健康造成巨大的

损伤。因此，正确答案为B.Differentfindingsastotakingadditionalvitamin（服用多余维生素会导致不同的

后果

2.指代题：

①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。

②向上搜索，先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远。

③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。

④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。

［举例］Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,

themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal（夜间活动的）speciesonthisplanet.

Instead,wearediumalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,

eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe've

donetothenight:We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.

Whatdoes“it”(Paragraph1)mostprobablyreferto?

A.Thenight.B.ThemoonC.TheskyD.Theplanet

【解析】A指代判断题。根据“eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'sthe

onlywaytoexplainwhatwe'vedonetothenight:We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.“最后

一句话的句意是：事实上，虽然我们并不承认自己是白昼动物，但是很多时候我们总是用光来照明夜晚，

这是唯一的方法去解释我们对于夜晚做了什么：我们设计了光，让光充满星空。故不能得出答案是night夜

晚。

3.词汇题：

①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。

②寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。

③隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。

［举例］Ifyoucouldbeanybodyintheworld,whowoulditbe?Yourneighbourorasuperstar?Afewpeople

haveexperiencedwhatitmightbeliketostepintotheskinofanotherperson,thankstoanunusualvirtualreality

(虚拟现实)device.RikkeWahl,anactress,modelandartist,wasoneoftheparticipantsinabodyswapping

experimentattheBeAnotherlab,aprojectdevelopedbyagroupofartistsbasedinBarcelona.Sheswappedwith

herpartner,anactor,usingamachinecalledTheMachinetoBeAnotherandtemporarilybecameaman."AsI

lookeddown,Isawmywholebodyasaman,dressedinmypartner'spants,"shesaid."That'sthepictureI

rememberbest."

Theword''swapping"(paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.buildingB.exchangingC.controllingD.transplanting

【解析】B根据上文中stepintotheskinofanotherperson,以及机器的名字TheMachinetoBeAnother可知，

swap表示“交换，故选B。

［举例］Enough"meaninglessdrivel”.That'sthemessagefromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwho

havebeenexamininghowsocialmediafirmslikeLinkedlngatherandusesocialmediadata.

TheHouseofCommonsScienceandTechnologyCommittee'sreport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsfor

makingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensiblelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardorkitemark

（认证标i己）toidentifysitesthathavecleartermsandconditions.

“Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetoismeaninglessdriveltoanyone,“says

AndrewMiller,thechairofthecommittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplain-Englishversionoftheir

terms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdpartyandawardedakitemarkifitisanaccurate

reflectionoftheoriginal.

73.Whatdoesthephrase“meaninglessdrivel”inparagraphs1and3referto?

A.Legalcontractsthatsocialmediafirmsmakepeoplesignupto.

B.WarningsfromtheUKgovernmentagainstunsafewebsites.

C.Guidelinesonhowtousesocialmediawebsitesproperly.

D.Insignificantdatacollectedbysocialmediafirms.

【解析】A词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句”..hasblamedfirmsfbrmakingpeoplesignuptolong

incomprehensiblelegalcontracts”可知很多社交媒体公司和用户签订了没有意义的法律合同。而这些合同

是没有意义的废话，也起不到任何作用，很多用户根本没有仔细阅读合同的具体内容。故A正确。

4.句子理解题：

①对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析（找主干），应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，

则依据上下文进行判断。

②一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。

③句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。

［举例］Chimpanzees,nrchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtothe

other.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertonce

sawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.

Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnatural

fbrthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhenthey

findfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andtheydon'tneedtosharetheirfood.

Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying“Youcan'tfoolMotherNature,1'Butmaybeyoucan'ttrusther,

either.

By"Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky*'(paragraph5),theauthormeans.

A.chimpsarereadytoattackothersB.chimpsaresometimesdishonest

C.chimpsarejealousofthewinnersD.chimpscanbeselfishtoo

【解析】B结合本段以及全文可知，Chimpanzees,orchimps也是不诚实的动物，故选B。

5.推理题：

①标志：learn,infer,imply,inform

②一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。

③依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几

个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。

【举例】Readingcanbeasocialactivity.Thinkofthepeoplewhobelongtobookgroups.Theychoosebooksto

readandthenmeettodiscussthem.NowthewebsiteBookCturnsthepageonthetraditionalideaofa

bookgroup.

Membersgoonthesiteandregisterthebookstheyownandwouldliketoshare.BookCrossingprovidesan

identificationnumbertostickinsidethebook.Thenthepersonleavesitinapublicplace,hopingthatthebookwill

haveanadventure,travelingfarandwidewitheachnewreaderwhofindsit.

Peoplewhofindabookcanalsoleaveajournalentrydescribingwhattheythoughtofit.E-mailsarethensent

totheBookCrosserstokeepthemupdatedaboutwheretheirbookshavebeenfound.BrucePedersonsaystheidea

isforpeoplenottobeselfishbykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.

WhatwillaBookCrosserdowithabookafterreadingit?

A.Meetotherreaderstodiscussit.

B.Keepitsafeinhisbookcase.

C.Passitontoanotherreader.

D.Mailitbacktoitsowner.

［解析］C推理判断题需要通过文章中的相关信息进行理解并做出合理的推理判断方能选出正确答案。根

据最后一句中的”...theideaisforpeoplenottobeselfishbykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.“可

知，让书蒙上尘土是一种很自私的行为，BookC网站的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，由

此推断拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。

6.主旨题：

①主旨题的标志：mainlyabout,mainlydiscuss,thebesttitle

②抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。

③主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：⑴局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容;⑵范围过宽，即选项的

内容大于文章的内容。

【举例】Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butit

alsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuch

alike?Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort-thedesiretoexplore,explain,andunderstandour

world—issimplysomethingthatcomesfromourbabyhood.Perhapsevolution（进化）providedhumanbabieswith

curiosityandanaturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds，andadultscientistssimplymakeuseofthesamedrivethat

servedthemaschildren.Thesamecognitive（认知的）systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguring

somethingoutmayhavebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,“Itisnotthatchildrenare

littlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren.^^

Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren'splay.

B.Studyingbabies'playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.

C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.

D.One'sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.

【解析】B段落大意题。根据本段内容尤其是第一句可知，本段主要讲“研究孩子的游戏可以让人们更好地

理解科学”，故选B。

7.作者态度题：

①标志：attitude

②应精确理解四个选项的含义。

③不要掺杂自己的观点。

④可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。$0：fortunately,excessively,toomany.

【举例】Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy（自主性）andthe

developmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhich

manyoftoday'sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.

Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededto

comefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwith

anddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Some

parentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelter

ofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovide

thesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.

Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?

A.Sympathetic.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.

【解析】B观点态度题。文章第一段作者说现在的大学生没有承担起成人的责任，第二段作者分析了原因，

指出由于父母的引导延伸到了大学导致学生自主能力的缺失。由此可见，作者对父母给大学生的持续引导

是不赞成的。故选B项。

8.判断题：

①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。

②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。

③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系（做题是要看清题目）。

【举仔!]]Usingsuchtechnologypromisestoalterpeople'sbehaviourafterwards-potentiallyforthebetter.Studies

haveshownthatvirtualrealitycanbeeffectiveinfightingracism-thebias（偏见）thathumanshaveagainstthose

whodon'tlookorsoundlikethem.ResearchersattheUniversityofBarcelonagavepeopleaquestionnairecalled

theImplicitAssociationTest,whichmeasuresthestrengthofpeople'sassociationsbetween,fbrinstance,black

peopleandadjectivessuchasgood,bad,athleticorawkward.Thentheyaskedthemtocontrolthebodyofadark

skinneddigitalcharacterusingvirtualrealityglasses,beforetakingthetestagain.Thistime,theparticipants1bias

scoreswerelower.Theideaisthatonceyou've"putyourselfinanother'sshoes"you'relesslikelytothinkillof

them,becauseyourbrainhasinternalisedthefeelingofbeingthatperson.

IntheImplicitAssociationTest,beforetheparticipantsusedvirtualrealityglassestocontroladark

skinneddigitalcharacter,.

A.theyfoughtstronglyagainstracism

B.theyscoredloweronthetestforracism

C.theychangedtheirbehaviourdramatically

D.theyweremorebiasedagainstthoseunlikethem

【解析】D根据文章倒数第段中最后一句you'relesslikelytothinkillofthem（测试后人们对不同人的偏见

降低）可知，测试前他们对那些与他们不同的人有偏见，故选D。

9.细节题：

看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案

【举例】Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphasia（aswallowingdisorder）.Theycould

programtheprintertoprintsofterversionsoftheirfavoritefoodssothattheywouldnothavetroublein

swallowingthem.

However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymany

jobs,includingthosefromgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneed

forfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw“fbodink”.Likewise,traditional

cafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isit

reallypossibletobegetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinksandgels（凝胶）？

Whydosomethinkthat3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster?

A.Traditionalfoodwoulddisappear.

B.Manypeoplecouldlosetheirjobs.

C.Itwouldaffectthepeople'shealth.

D.Wecouldalleatthesamefood.

［解析］B.细节理解题。根据However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster.It

couldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthosefromgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.得知一些人认为3D

食物打印机的未来是一个灾难，因为它会抢人们的饭碗--比如食物的种植、运输、打包，故选Bo

丽

0^课堂精练

(A)(改编自上海高考卷)

ZoeChamberswasasuccessfulPR(PublicRelations)consultantandlifewasgoingwell—shehadagreat

job,abeautifulflatandabusysociallifeinLondon.ThenoneeveninginJunelastyear,shereceivedatext

messagetellinghershewasoutofwork.Thefirsttwoweekswerethemostdifficulttolivethrough."shesaid.

MAftereverythingPddoneforthecompany,theydismissedmebytext!IwassoangryandIjustdidn*tfeellike

lookingforanotherjob.Ihatedeverythingaboutthecityandmylife/*

Then,Zoereceivedaninvitationfromanoldschoolfriend,Kathy,tocomeandstay.Kathyandherhusband,

Huw,hadjustboughtafarminnorth-westWales.Zoejumpedatthechancetospendaweekendawayfrom

London,andnow,tenmonthslater,sheisstillonthefarm.

"ThemomentIarrivedatKathy'sfarm,IloveditandIknewIwantedtostay."saidZoe.uEverythingabout

mypastlifesuddenlyseemedmeaningless."

ZoehasbeenworkingonthefarmsinceOctoberoflastyearandsaysshehasnoregrets."It'sahardlife,

physicallyverytiring.'*shesays."InLondon1wasstressedandoftenmentallyexhausted.Butthisisagood,

healthytiredness.Here,all1needtoputmeinagoodmoodisahotbathandoneofKathy'swonderfuldinners."

Zoesaysshehasneverfeltboredonthefarm.Everydaybringsanewexperience.Kathyhasbeenleaching

herhowtorideahorseandshehaslearnttodriveatractor.SinceChristmas,shehasbeenhelpingwiththe

lambing—watchingalambbeingbornisunbelievable,shesays,"IfsoneofthemostmovingexperiencesI've

everhad.Icouldnevergobacktocitylifenow."

1.WhenworkingasaPRconsultantinLondon,Zoethoughtshelivedalife.

A.satisfyingB.toughC.meaninglessD.boring

2.ThemostimportantreasonwhyZoewenttovisitKathy'sfarmisthat.

A.ZoelostherjobasaPRconsultantB.Kathypersuadedhertodoso

C.ZoegottiredofthecitylifeD.ZoelovedWalesmorethanLondon

3.HowdocsZoefeelaboutthecountrylifeaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tiresomeandtroublesome.B.Romanticandpeaceful

C.MentallyexhaustingbuthealthyD.Physicallytiringbutrewarding.

4.Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemainideaofthepassage?

A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

C.Amisfortunemayturnoutablessing.D.Killtwobirdswithonestone.

解析：讲述了ZoeChambers这个曾经作为PRconsultant的成功人士生活得很好，有一份体面、重要

的工作，拥有一套漂亮的公寓，过着繁忙、紧张的伦敦社会生活，突然有一天被炒了就鱼，从一度的苦闷、

彷徨到最后在朋友农场里重新快乐生活的故事。

1.A.细节推理题。她过去•直以为自己作为咨询师的时候，过得是•种“令人满意的、令人羡慕的“生活,

而不是“费力的、无意义的、无聊的“，所以选择A项。

2.A.细节推理题。她去了朋友农场的最重要原因就是因为她被炒了觥鱼，失业了，才想到去农场，故答

案是A项，其他三项不是她去农场的最重要原因。

3.D.细节推理题。按照这篇文章的意思，她感觉农村生活是什么样的呢？A项是“劳累的、麻烦的"，B

项是“浪漫的、和平的“，C项是“精神上疲惫的而又是健康的“，这三项都不是她的感受，她后来的感受是

D项“体力上是劳累的但又是值得做的”，故D项就是答案。

4.C.主旨大意题。概括本文大意，可以得出答案：“有时候，一个不幸可能会带来好运和幸福”，即C项。

而A项是“患难之友才是真正之友”，B项是“有志者事竟成”,D项是“一石二鸟”，都不是本文所要阐发的道

理。

(B)

Anew“smartbin“couldmeantheendofenvironment-consciousfamiliesspendinghourssortingtins,

cartons,bottles,andcardboardforrecycling.

Theinvention,whichcanhelpsortrubbishintorecyclingcategorieswithoutneedingpeopletooperate.Itis

beingtrialedinPolandandissettogoonsaleinUKwithinafewyears.

Thebin,designedbystart-upcompanyBin.E,recognizesdifferenttypeofwasteviaasystempositioned

insidethebinwhichusessensors,imagerecognitionandartificialintelligence.Oncewasteisplacedinside,the

cameraandsensoridentifyitstypeandplaceitinoneofthesmallerbins.Thenitcompressesthewastesoit

occupieslessspace.

ItisthoughtthatthebincouldbestockedbydepartmentstoressuchasJohnLewis,whichsaiditis

introducingmorenewhi-techrecyclingbins.MattThomas,abuyeratJohnLewis,gaveusthereason,"We've

recentlyseenajumpinspecialistbinssales,witha25percentincreaseinthelastfewmonthsalone.Wehave

noticedourcustomersarebecomingmoreandmorefocusedonsustainability.Inresponsetothisdemand,weare

reallyexcitedtointroduceasmartbinthisautumn/winterseason-designedtomakerecyclingmoreefficientand

functionalfbrtheeverydayhome."

Bin.E*sofficialreleaseonthemarketwilltakeplacein2018.However,atfirstonlyalargerversiondesigned

fbrofficeswillbeavailable.Theofficebinwillsellat£430whilecustomerswillneedtopaya£107subscription

feeforanaccompanyingsmartphoneapp,whichhooksthemupwithcollectionservices.AspokesmanatBin.E

saidthathomeversionofthebinwillbecheaperandwillnotincludeamonthlypayment.

Theyadded:"Aftertheofficeversion,weplantocreateanoutdoorversionandlaterthehomeversion.We

decidedtogofortheoutdoorversionforpublicareasfirstbecauseitisrmoredifficulttoorganizeanefficient

wastesegregatingsystemthaninourhomes.^^

5.Whatdoweknowaboutaboutanew“smartbin“fromthefirstparagraph?

A.Itworksautomatically.B.Ithasbeenusedwidely.

C.Itiseasytooperate.D.Itisveryexpensive.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it”inParagraph2referto?

A.Thewaste.B.Thecamera.C.Thebin.D.Thesensor.

7.WhyisJohnLewisintroducingmorenewhi-techrecyclingbins?

A.Tochangepeople'sbehaviour.B.Tosatisfyincreasingdemands.

C.Topopularizenewtechnology.D.Tomakethemmorefamous.

8.Wherewillthefirstversionofnew"smartbin^^beusedaccordingtoBin.E'sofficial?

A.Athome.B.Inthesupermarket.C.Intheopenair.D.Intheoffice.

【答案】5.A6.C7.B8.D

【解析】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并对它的设计，市场应用进行了介绍。

5.A细节理解题。根据第——段Anew“smartbin17couldmeantheendofenvironment-consciousfamiliesspending

6.

hourssortingtins,cartons,bottles,andcardboardforrecycling.一个新的“智能垃圾箱”花几个小时来整理罐头、

纸盒、瓶子和纸板，以便于回收利用。可知smartbin是自动的，智能的，故选A。

C词义猜测题。根据前边Theinvention,whichcanhelpsortrubbishintorecyclingcategorieswithoutneeding

peopletooperate这项发明可以帮助垃圾分类，可知it指代thesmartbin,故选Co

7.B推理判断题。根据文章MattThomas,abuyeratJohnLewis,gaveusthereason,"We'verecentlyseenajump

inspecialistbinssales,witha25percentincreaseinthelastfewmonthsalone.Wehavenoticedourcustomersare

becomingmoreandmorefocusedonsustainability.Inresponsetothisdemand,wearereallyexcitedtointroducea

smartbinthisautumnwinterseason-designedtomakerecyclingmoreefficientandfunctionalfortheeveryday

home."可知客户越来越关注于可持续性，为了应对这一需求，会推出一个智能垃圾桶，故选B。

8.D细节理解题。根据文章However,atfirstonlyalargerversiondesignedforofficeswillbeavailable.最初只

有一个为办公室设计的更大胆版本才可以使用。可知最初是在办公室使用，故选D。

(C)(改编自上海高考卷)

(Youmayreadthequestionsfirst,)

SCREENGRABS

BBC1ITVI

PLANETEARTHAGATHACHRISTESPOIROT

9AM

FreshWaterprovidesanexpansivesubjectforthe

thirdprogrammeintheBBC'sfascinatingnew

naturalhistoryseries.Broadly,weinvestigatethe

world'slakesandriversandthecreatureswhich

inhabit

9PM

CardsontheTable.Tonight'smysteryconcernsthe

deathofoneofLondon'srichestandmostmysterious

men,MrShaitana(AlexanderSiddig),whohasa

them.Thuswevisitthedeepestlakeontheplanet,fascinationwithcrime.Shaitanahostsdinneranda

LakeBaikalinSiberia.Weobservelargecoloniesofgameofbridgeinhisapartment,butwhenthetime

Indiansmooth-coatedotters(above)lookingaround.comesforthefirstgueststotaketheirleave,they

Amagicalserieswhichgivesusarealsenseofdiscoverthattheirhosthasbeenstabbedthroughthe

contextinrelationtotheplanetweinhabit.heart.

BBC2

FAMILYGUYChannel4

11.45PMTHEGAMES:LIVE

RoadtoEurope.

Withoutproper

identification,BrainandStewiestowawayona

planetheythinkisleavingforEngland.They're9PM

wrong,andsoonthey'reinSaudiArabia(Brain:"Oh

ForthefirsttimeonTheGames,themenfightina

myGod,wearefinished.Wearelostinthedesert.^^)

KendoTournament,using1.2mshinai(Bamboo

atthebeginningofalongtriphome.

swords).Thewomencompeteinthecycling,racing

wheel-to-wheeloncompetitionbikeswithnobrakes.

PlusothernewsfromtheEnglishInstituteofSportin

Sheffield.

9.TheFreshWaterseriesat9PM.

A.exploresthelakes,riversandthecreaturesinthem

B.isdevotedtothefreshwatercreaturesintheworld

C.explainstherelationshipamonginhabitantsontheearth

D.focusesonthedeepestriverontheplanet

10Thephrase“stowaway“mostprobablymeans"

A.hidesecretlyB.talkexcitedlyC.operateeasilyD.guidesuccessfully

11.AmysterystoryadaptedfromAgathaChristie'snovelwillbeshownon.

A.BBC1B.BBC2C.ITV1D.Channel4

9.答案：A

解析：这是一道推断题。根据对于FreshWater的介绍中“Broadly,weinvestigatetheworld'slakesandriversand

thecreatureswhichinhabitthem.”可知“我们在考察世界上的湖泊和河流以及栖息在里面的生物”。

10.答案：A

解析：这是一道推理题。根据RoadtoEurope的介绍中“Withoutproperidentification”可知他们俩没有合法身

份，所以应该是偷乘飞机。

11.答案：C

解析：这是一道推断题。根据对于“Cardsonthetable.”的描述可知是由AGATHACHRISTIE'SPOIROT的

小说改编的，是在ITV1播出。

（D）（选自上海高考卷）

AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.The

mechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techintegratedsystems.Designedtodowhatafly

doesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperfonn

controlledflighttasks.

“It'sextremelyimportantfbrustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchof

individualcomponents（元件）,“saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingon

theroboticflyprojectfbroveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthe

components.t4Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareoffthe

shelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,“hesaid.

Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly."Theseeminglysimplesystemwhich

justmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividually

hastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingifsconnectedto,"saidWood.Theflightdevice

wasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheproject

provesthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.

Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipit

withabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers7

fieldsoronthebattlefield.''Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeo比landandflyaround,hesaid.

Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,

sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications."Youcanstartthinking

aboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficult

withtheanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead/9hesaid."Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninteresting

scientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonadaytodaybasis.”

392words）

12.Thedifficultytheteamofengineersmetwithwhilemakingtheroboticflywasthat.

A.theyhadnomodelintheirmindB.theydidnothavesufficienttime

C.theyhadnoready-madecomponentsD.theycouldnotassemblethecomponents

13.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs3and4thattheroboticfly.

A.consistsofaflightd