2023年考研英语(二)真题(试卷+答案)

Somehow,whenyouhit30,thechancethatsomethingexcitingandnewwillhappenatthatpartyjustdoesn’tseemtooutweightheeffortofgettingupoffthecouch.36.AccordingtoParagraph1,childrengrowingintoadolescencetendto_________.[A]developoppositepersonalitytraits[B]seetheworldinanunreasonableway[C]havefondmemoriesoftheirpast[D]showaffectionfortheirparents37.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatCrone’sstudy_________.[A]exploresteenagers’socialresponsibilities[B]examinesteenagers’emotionalproblems[C]providesanewinsightintoadolescence[D]highlightsnegativeadolescentbehavior38.WhatdoesCrone’sstudyfindaboutprosocialbehavior?[A]Itresultsfromthewishtocooperate.[B]Itiscultivatedthrougheducation.[C]Itissubjecttofamilyinfluence.[D]Ittendstopeakinadolescence.39.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatteenagers_________.[A]overstresstheirinfluenceonothers[B]carealotaboutsocialrecognition[C]becomeanxiousabouttheirfuture[D]endeavortoliveajoyfullife40.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?[A]Whyteenagersareself-contradictory.[B]Whyteenagersarerisk-sensitive.[C]Howteenagersdevelopprosociality.[D]Howteenagersbecomeindependent.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Net-zerorulessettosendcostofnewhomesandextensionssoaringNewbuildingregulationsaimedatimprovingenergyefficiencyaresettoincreasethepriceofnewhomes,aswellasthoseofextensionsandloftconversionsonexistingones.Therules,whichcameintoeffectonWednesdayinEngland,arepartofgovernmentplanstoreducetheUK’scarbonemissionstonetzeroby2050.Theysetnewstandardsforventilation,energyefficiencyandheating,andstatethatnewresidentialbuildingsmusthavechargingpointsforelectricvehicles.Themovesarethemostsignificantchangetobuildingregulationsinyears,andindustryexpertssaytheywillinevitablyleadtohigherpricesatatimewhenashortageofmaterialsandhighlabourcostsisalreadydrivingupbills.BrianBerry,chiefexecutiveoftheFederationofMasterBuilders,saysthemeasureswillrequirenewmaterials,testingmethods,productsandsystemstobeinstalled.“Allthiscomesatanincreasedcostduringatimewhenpricesarealreadyskyhigh.Inevitably,consumerswillhavetopaymore,”hesays.GarethBelsham,ofsurveyorsNaismiths,sayspeoplewhoareupgrading,orextendingtheirhome,willbedirectlyaffected.“Thebiggestchangesrelatetoheatingandinsulation,”heexplains.“Therearenewrulesconcerningtheamountofglazingusedinextensions,andanynewwindowsordoorsmustbehighlyinsulated.”Windowsanddoorswillhavetoadheretohigherstandards,whiletherearenewlimitsontheamountofglazingyoucanhavetoreduceunwantedheatfromthesun.ThomasGoodman,ofMyJobQuote,saysthiswillbringinnewrestrictionsforextensions.“Glazingonwindows,doorsandrooflightsmustcovernomorethan25%ofthefloorareatopreventheatloss,”hesays.AstherulescameintoeffectlastWednesday,propertydeveloperswererushingtofileplansjustbeforethedeadline.Anyplanssubmittedbeforethatdateareconsideredtobeunderthepreviousrules,andcangoaheadaslongasworkstartsbefore15Junenextyear.Builderswhichhavecostedprojects,buthavenotfiledthepaperwork,mayneedtogobackandsubmitfreshestimates,saysMarcusJeffordofBuildAviator.Materialspricesarealreadyup25%inthelasttwoyears.Howmuchoverallpriceswillincreaseasaresultoftherulechangesisnotclear.“Whileadmirableintheirintentions,theywilladdtothecostofhousebuildingatatimewhenmanyalreadyfeelthattheyarepricedoutofhomeownership,”saysJonathanRolandeoftheNationalAssociationofPropertyBuyers.“Anaverageextensionwillprobablyseearound£3,000additionalcostthankstothenewregs.”JohnKelly,aconstructionlawyeratFreethslawfirm,believespriceswilleventuallycomedown.Butnotintheimmediatefuture.“Asthemarketplaceadaptstothenewrequirements,andthetechnologiesthatsupportthem,thescalingupofthesetechnologieswilleventuallybringcostsdown,butintheshortterm,wewillallhavetopaythepriceofthenecessarytransition,”hesays.However,thelong-termeffectsofthechangeswillbemorecomfortableandenergy-efficienthomes,addsAndrewMellor,ofPRParchitects.“Homeownerswillprobablyrecoupthatcostovertimeinenergybillsavings.Itwillobviouslybeveryvolatileatthemoment,buttheywillhavethatbenefitovertime.”A.Theriseofhousepriceisatemporarymatter.41.BrianBerryB.Builderspossiblyneedtosubmitnewestimatesoftheirprojects.42.GarethBelshamC.Therewillbespecificlimitonhomeextensionstopreventheatloss.43.MarcusJeffordD.Thenewruleswilltakehomepricestoanevenhigherlevel.44.JohnKellyE.Manypeoplefeelthathomepricesarealreadybeyondwhattheycanafford.45.AndrewMellorF.Thenewruleswillaffectpeoplewhosehomeextensionsincludenewwindowsordoors.G.Therulechangeswillbenefithomeownerseventually.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Inthelate18thcentury,WilliamWordsworthbecamefamousforhispoemaboutnature.AndhewasoneofthefoundersofamovementcalledRomanticism,whichcelebratedthewondersofnaturalworld.Poetryispowerful.Itsenergyandrhythmcancaptureareader,transportthemtoanotherworldandmakethemseethingsdifferently.Throughcarefullyselectedwordsandphrases,poemscanbedramatic,funny,movingandinspiring. Nooneknowsforsurewhenpoetrybeganbutithasbeenaroundforthousandsofyears,evenbeforepeoplecouldwrite.Itwasawaytotellstoriesandpassdownhistory.Itiscloselyrelatedtosongandevenwhenwrittenitisusuallycreatedtobeperformedoutloud.Poemsreallycometolifewhentheyarerecited.Thiscanalsohelpwithunderstandingthemtoo,becausetherhythmandsoundsofthewordsbecomeclearer.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:AnartexhibitionandarobotshowaretobeheldonSunday,andyourfriendDavidasksyouwhichoneheshouldgoto.Writehimanemailto1)makeasuggestion,and2)giveyourreason(s).Writeyouranswerinabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameinyouremail;use“LiMing”instead.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyouressay,youshould1)describeandinterpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Writeyouranswerinabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)2012-2021年我国居民健康素养水平*健康素养(healthliteracy)是指个人获取和理解基本健康信息和服务，并运用这些信息和服务作出正确决策，以维护和促进自身健康的能力。健康素养水平指具备基本健康素养的人在总人群（15-69岁城乡居民）中所占的比例。

2023年考研英语（二）真题答案SectionIUseofEnglish(10points)1.B2.C3.A4.D5.D6.D7.A8.B9.B10.C11.C12.D13.C14.A15.A16.B17.D18.B19.C20.ASectionIIReadingComprehension(60points)PartA(40points)Text121.A22.B23.B24.C25.DText226.D27.A28.C29.B30.DText331.C32.D33.A34.A35.BText436.A37.C38.D39.B40.APartB(10points)41.D42.F43.B44.A45.GPartC(15points)18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗而闻名。他是浪漫主义运动的创始人之一，该运动颂扬自然世界的奇迹。诗歌是有力量的。它的能量和节奏可以吸引读者，把他们带到另一个世界，让他们以不同的方式看待事物。通过精心挑选的单词和短语，诗歌可以是戏剧性的、有趣的、感人的和鼓舞人心的。没有人确切地知道诗歌是什么时候开始的，但它已经存在了数千年，甚至在人们会写字之前。这是一种讲述故事和传承历史的方式。它与歌曲密切相关，即使是写出来的，也通常是为了大声表演而创作的。诗歌被引用时才真正生动起来。这也有助于理解它们，因为单词的节奏和发音变得更加清晰。WritingPartA(10points)【参考范文】DearDavid,How’severythinggoingrecently?Iamwritingthislettertomakeasuggestionthatyoushouldgototheartexhibitionandgivemyreasons.Thedetailedreasonsformysuggestioncanbegivenasfollows.Tobeginwith,theartexhibition,onthethemeofChineseculture,includes2parts,theintroductionofChinesecultureandtheexhibitionofextraordinaryartworks.Inadditiontothat,becauseitmakesyouhaveadeeperunderstandingandexperienceinthefieldofChineseculture,youcanlearnaboutthehistoricmeaningonChineseculture.Therefore,itisofgreatsignificanceforyoutogototheartexhibition.Yourattentiontomysuggestionandreasonswouldbehighlyappreciated.Idohopethatyoucanfindmysuggestionhelpfulanduseful.Yours,LiMingWritingPartB(15points)ThelinechartvividlydepictsthechangeinChineseresidents’healthliteracylevelfrom2012to2021.Healthliteracy,whichreferstopeople’sabilitytoaccessbasichealthcareinformationandservices,andtopromotetheirhearthconditionbasedonthem,seemstohaveahighercoveragethan10yearsage.Theproportionofthosewithadequatehealthliteracyamongallresidentsagingfrom15to69haskeptgrowingstablyinthelastdecade.In2012,thenumberwas8.8%,butwhenitcomesto2021,itreached25.4%,whichisagoodnewsforallresidents.Thereare