2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit5HumansandNature课件北师大版必修第二册VIP

UNIT5

HUMANSANDNATURE基础回顾·自主排查核心考点·互动探究跟踪演练·强化提升基础回顾·自主排查►核心词汇——写其形1．____________n.评论；意见2．____________n.灾难；灾祸3．____________n.讲座，讲课；演讲4．____________n.伤害，损伤，损害5．____________vt.估量，衡量；测量6．____________vt.使震惊；使难以置信7．____________n.&vt.努力，尝试，企图8．____________vt.打断讲话9．____________n.&vt.营救；救援10．____________vi.&vt.逃离；逃避commentdisasterlecturedamagemeasureshockattemptinterruptrescueescape►阅读词汇——知其意1．droughtn.________________2．hurricanen.________________3．landsliden.________________4．whirlpooln.________________5．kangaroon.________________6．filen.________________7．whalen.________________8．dolphinn.________________9．sharkn.________________10．weedn.________________11．deern.________________旱灾，干旱飓风滑坡；塌方漩涡袋鼠档案，卷宗鲸海豚鲨(鱼)野草；海藻鹿►拓展词汇——通其变1．anxietyn．焦急，焦虑→________adj.焦虑的；不安的→________adv.焦虑地；不安地2．conductvt.实施；进行；执行；vi.&vt.指挥→________n．指挥者；售票员3．lossn．丧失；死亡→________v．丢失；丢掉4．curiousadj.好奇的→________n．好奇，好奇心5．harmn.&vt.伤害，损害→________adj.有害的→________adj.无害的anxiousanxiouslyconductorlosecuriosityharmfulharmless6．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存→________n．幸存，活下来→________n．幸存者，生还者7．ambitionn．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→________adj.有抱负的，有野心的，有理想的8．equaladj.相等的；相同的→________adv.相等地；同样地；平等地→________n．平等9．processn．过程，进程→________n．(行列的)行进；(人或车辆等的)行列10．frightn．惊吓，恐怖→________vt.使害怕，使惊恐→________adj.受惊的，害怕的survivalsurvivorambitiousequallyequalityprocessionfrightenfrightened►高频短语——记得牢1．____________________对……置之不理，对……撒手不管2．________________在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)3．________________吸气4．________________用完；耗尽turnone'sback(onsb./sth.)ontheedgeofbreatheinrunout►典型句式——懂其用1．how引导的宾语从句Youcan'timagine____________alifethatIlivedthen.你想象不到那时我过着多么困难的生活。2．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，就越……__________wegettogether,__________wewillbe.我们相聚得越多，我们就越快乐。howdifficultThemorethehappier3．makesb.dosth.让某人做某事Wars________thepeacegoaway.战争使和平远离。Weweremade_______agoodjobinkeyconstructionprojects.要求我们搞好重点项目建设。4．Sb./Sth.bethefirsttodosth.某人/某物第一个做某事。Heisthefirst____________themathsproblem.他是第一个算出这道数学题的人。maketodotoworkout核心考点·互动探究►第一版块|重点单词1．floodn．洪水，水灾；大批，大量

v．淹没；(使)泛滥；(洪水般地)涌进/出；挤满，拥满；使大受感动，充满(1)afloodof大量的……afloodofcomplaints大量投诉beinflood(河水)上涨，泛滥floodwater洪水infloodsoftears泪如雨下flood...with...把……大量送至……；

使……充满……(2)befloodedwith挤满，拥满；大量收到……floodin/into大量涌入floodback(感觉或回忆)涌上心头，涌现floodsb.out(洪水)迫使某人离开家园floodsb.withquestions用大量的问题问某人◎单句语法填空①Theroomwasatonceflooded________light.②Shedrewthecurtainsandthesunlightflooded________．③________(flood)havebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.④Wecan'tcrossthemeadowtherebecausetheriveris________flood.⑤Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivitytoreplace________(flood)roadsandhighways.⑥Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhim________questions.withinFloodsinfloodedwith2.commentn．评论；意见

v．评论；注释

makecommentson/about对……作出评论makenocommenton/about对……不做评论withoutcomment不予评论nocomment无可奉告cause/attract/drawcomment引来/招来评论askforcomments征求意见offercomments提意见commenton/upon评论，对……提意见commentthat...评论说/称……◎单句语法填空①Sherefusedtomakeacomment________theincident.②Thistime,however,Ijustcouldn'tletanissuegoby________comment.③Wouldyoucaretocomment________anytroublesomestudentsinyourclass?④Make________(comment)onlyonthesubjectsyouknowwell.on/aboutwithouton/uponcomments3．crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满人的crowdvi.&vt.挤满；塞满；聚集；拥挤n．人群；观众becrowdedwith挤满；拥挤crowdin挤进crowdin(on/uponsb.)(往事)涌现于(某人的)脑海crowdsb./sth.into/ontosth.＝crowdsb./sth.in把……装满……crowdinto/ontosth.大批涌入(狭小的空间)acrowdof一群incrowds成群地followthecrowd跟大家一样；随大溜◎单句语法填空①Thegirlstudentscameheretobuyflowers________crowds.②Theroadsare________(crowd)withvehiclesofallkinds.③Manypastmemoriescrowdedin________him.④It'simpossible________(crowd)anymorefootballsupportersin.⑤Thestreetwascrowded________carsandpeople.⑥Iwasverysurprisedwhenallofmyfriendscrowded________myroomtosayhappybirthdaytome.incrowdedon/upontocrowdwithinto4.lecturen．讲座，讲课；演讲v．训斥；讲课；教导lecturern．演讲者；讲师givealecture 作演讲，作讲座goto/attendalecture 出席讲座listentoalecture 听讲座alectureon/about... 关于……的讲座aseriesoflectures 一系列讲座alecturehall/room 演讲厅/室lecturein/on(sth.) 就(某题目)作报告，办讲座lecturesb.forsth. 因……教训某人[误区警示]表示“作演讲”时，动词不能用make，而用deliver或give。Hedelivered/gavealecturetothestudents.(√)Hemadealecturetothestudents.(×)Hemadeaspeechtothestudents.(√)◎单句语法填空①Shedoesn'ttalktome.She________(lecture)me.②Twostudentswaitedbehindtoputmorequestionstothe________(lecture).③Helectured________Russianliteraturetohisstudents.④Elderchildrendon'tlike____________(lecture).lectureslecturerin/onbeinglectured5．escapevi.&vt.逃离；逃避n．逃跑；逃避；泄露(1)escapeto逃至……escapefromreality逃避现实escapefromone'smind/memory某事被某人忘记escapedoing/beingdone逃避做……narrowlyescape九死一生escape/avoidresponsibility逃避/回避责任anarrow/luckyescape死里逃生；幸运逃脱(2)表示“逃跑”的词汇：fleefrom从……逃离；避免fleeto逃到……runawayfrom从……逃跑getawayfrom从……离开[误区警示]escape作“被……忘记，没有被……注意到”解时，用sth.escape(s)sb.结构。Heraddressescapedme.我把她的地址忘了。◎单句语法填空①Ifoundnomethodofescape________painandsuffering.②Theyarereportedtohaveescaped_______theothersideoftheborder.③Henarrowlyescaped_________(hurt)intheaccident.④Theexplosionwascausedby________escapeofgas.⑤Thereisnowaytoescape________(do)thework.⑥Hehad________narrowescapewhenhiscarskiddedontheice.fromtobeinghurtandoinga6．survivevi.&vt.活下来；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长survivaln．生存；幸存；残存物；遗风survivorn．幸存者，生还者(1)survivethedisaster幸免于难survivetheattack在袭击中幸免于难survivetheearthquake在地震中幸免于难peoplewhosurvivecancer癌症幸存者survivethiscrisis渡过这个危机survivethedifficulties渡过难关(2)surviveon靠……活下来；靠

……生存(＝liveon)survivefrom...从……沿袭/保存下来survivesb.by...year(s)比某人多活……年(3)构词法：survivev．(去e)＋-al→survivaln．如：arrive→arrival propose→proposalrefuse→refusal remove→removalapprove→approvalAfterhesurvivedtheearthquake,theoldmanbecameoneofthefewsurvivorsofthefamilyandhissurvivalmadehisoldfriendsveryhappy.这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，成了这个家庭中少数的幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很欣慰。◎单句语法填空①Itisoneofthegreatestbookstosurvive________theancientworld.②About1.3billionpeoplecurrentlyhavetosurvive________lessthan$1aday.③Mr.Tanner__________(survive)byhiswifeandtwochildren.④Therewasonlyone________(survive)fromtheplanecrash.⑤Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking；________(survive)isnevercertain.fromonwassurvivedsurvivorsurvival7．curiousadj.好奇的；奇特的curiouslyadv.好奇地curiosityn．好奇心becuriousabout... 对……好奇becurioustodosth.

很想做某事Itis/wascuriousthat...

奇怪的是……withcuriosity 好奇地outofcuriosity 出于好奇◎单句语法填空①Don'tbetoocurious________thingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.②Thesalesgirlintheshoplookedatthem________(curious).③Itwascurious________shedidn'ttellanyone.④Sheopenedhereyesandlookedupatme________curiosityandhopefulness.⑤Iwascurious________(find)outwhatshehadsaid.⑥Wewenttotheshowoutof________(curious)morethananythingelse.aboutcuriouslythatwithtofindcuriosity8．equaladj.相等的；相同的vt.比得上；等于n．同辈；平等；同等的人或事件equallyadv.平等地；同等(重要)地equalityn．平等；相等

(1)equalopportunities/rights平等的机会/权利anequalnumber/amountof相等数量的……beequalinsize/length大小/长度相等beequalto...与……相等；能胜任/应付……onequalterms(withsb.)(与某人)地位平等(2)equalaworldrecord与世界纪录打平(3)bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比，无敌[误区警示]beequalto作“胜任”讲时，其后的to是介词，后接名词或动名词，而不是动词不定式符号。另外介词to也不能错用为as。◎单句语法填空①Billisquiteequal________runningtheoffice.②Allthesetechniquesare________(equal)effective.③Allmenarenotequal________ability.④Heisabasketballplayer________equalintheteam.⑤Onehorseisnotequalto________(pull)theheavycart.toequallyinwithoutpulling9．trapvt.困住；使陷于危险中n．圈套；陷阱；困境(1)(2)(3)Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。◎单句语法填空①Thirtyminersarestilltrapped_______theminefollowingyesterday'sexplosion.②Thehunterset________traptocatchthefox.③Thethief__________(trap)bythepoliceinanoldhouse.④It'seasytofall________atrap,buthardtogetoutagain.inawastrappedinto10.attemptn.&vt.努力，尝试，企图attemptedadj.未遂的

attempttodosth.(＝trytodosth.)＝makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.企图/试图做某事atone'sfirstattempt在某人第一次尝试时inanattempttodosth.试图做某事afutileattempt徒劳的尝试attemptarescue设法实行营救attemptedcrime犯罪未遂[词语辨析]attempt与tryattempt较正式用词，侧重已经开始，且希望完成，但常隐含着不一定有预期的结果。try普通用词，可与attempt换用，但强调努力或尝试，后跟不定式表示努力或争取，跟动名词表示尝试。◎单句语法填空①Hestudiedhard________anattempttopasstheexam.②Shepassedherdrivingtest________thefirstattempt.③[2020·江苏卷]WhenWilsonreturnedhomefromhospitaltwomonthslater,hisparentsattempted________(find)awaytodealwiththecatastrophethathadhappenedtotheirlives.④Sometimeafter10，000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempt________(control)theworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.⑤[2020·天津二考]Thiseffortisnotjustanattempt________beingcommunityminded—it'salsoacrimecuttingmeasure.inattofindtocontrolat11．damagen．伤害，损伤，损害，损失；损害赔偿金(pl.)

v．损害；毁坏damagedadj.被损坏的，受损伤的

(1)do/causedamageto损坏；破坏damageone'shealth损害某人的健康(2)becompletelydestroyedbyfire被大火彻底烧毁destroytheenvironment毁坏环境destroyone'sconfidence/hope/faith摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰inruins成为废墟[词语辨析]damage,destroy与ruindamage部分性“破坏”“损坏”，一般还可修复。destroy彻底地“破坏”“毁坏”，一般不能或很难修复。ruin严重地“毁坏”，侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。◎单句语法填空①Theflooddidalotofdamage________thecrops.②Withoutoxygen,thebrain_________(damage)quickly.③Herheartwasslightly________(damage)asaresultofherlongillness.◎辨析填空：damage,destroy,ruin④Anatombombwould________acity.⑤Thepoliticsofthecompanywill________theirimage.⑥Manyhouseswere________bytheearthquake.toisdamageddamageddestroyruindamaged12．measurevt.估量，衡量；测量

n．措施；办法；度量单位；尺度；程度linking

v．(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为measurementn．测量；尺寸；数量measureone'sheight

测量某人的身高make...toone'smeasure 为某人量身定做……takeone'smeasure 给某人量尺寸takemeasurestodosth. 采取措施做某事beyondmeasure 非常；极其；不可估量[误区警示]当measure意为“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”时是连系动词，不能用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。Thefishmeasuresmorethatonemeter.这条鱼长一米多。◎单句语法填空①Doyoumakesuits________yourmeasure?②Thegoodtheyhavedoneformeis______measure.③Weshouldtakeappropriatemeasures________(improve)ourteaching.④Theysuggested________(measure)toovercomecurrentdifficulties.⑤Theoverall___________(measure)ofthisroomis80squaremetres.⑥He________(measure)MrsBrownfromtoptobottom.tobeyondtoimprovemeasuresmeasurementmeasured13.processn．过程，进程v．加工；处理；列队前进processedadj.加工过的gooverintheprocess与此同时，在此过程中beintheprocessof(doing)sth.在(做)某事的过程中，在进行……中processtheagriculturalproducts/tealeaves加工农产品/茶叶processthedata处理数据processinto列队走进processedfood加工过的食品[误区警示]process用作及物动词时，常接名词、代词作宾语，可用于被动结构；用作不及物动词时，常与介词into连用。◎单句语法填空①Theadministrationisin________processofdrawingupapeaceplan.②Thestudentsprocessed________thediningroom.③Grocerystoressellmanyfoodsthat________________(process).④[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]However,ifothersbenefit________theprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?⑤Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.theintohavebeenprocessedintoprocess14．interruptv．打断讲话；打扰；遮挡interruptionn．打断；打扰interruptsb.打断某人(的讲话)interruptsb.withsth.用某事打断某人sorrytointerrupt...对不起打扰……sorryforinterrupting对不起打扰一下beinterruptedby...受到……打扰[词语辨析]interrupt，disturb两词都有“扰”的意思。interrupt既含“扰”又有“断”之意，侧重“断”之意。disturb打扰，捣乱，使心神不宁，但没有“断”之意。◎单句语法填空①Hewasangryatbeinginterrupted________suchsillyquestionsinhisspeech.②Theirconversation______________(interrupt)byaphonecallfromNina.③Sorry__________(interrupt),butthere'ssomeonetoseeyou.④[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编]Theskywasclearwhenweheadedoff,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___________(interrupt)ourpeacefulmorningtrip.withwasinterruptedtointerruptinterrupted15．conductvt.实施；进行；执行；带领；引导；传导vi.&vt.指挥n．行为；举止conductorn．指挥；职业指挥；售票员；导体conductanexperiment 进行实验conductoneself 表现；举止conductanorchestra

指挥管弦乐队conductactivities 开展活动conductsb.around 带领某人参观……conductsb.into 领某人进入……conductsb.through 领某人穿过……conductsb.totheteacher 带某人去见老师◎单句语法填空①Thewayheconducts________(he)reflectsthefamily.②Afiredrillwill__________(conduct)inyourresidencehalleverysemester.③Itishisdutytoconductthevisitors________thewholepark.④Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy_________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.himselfbeconductedaroundconducted16.protectionn．保护；防护protectv．保护；防护protectiveadj.保护的；防护的；出于爱护protectorn．保护人；保护装置undertheprotectionof...在……的保护下theprotectionof...……的保护protectsb./sth.from/against...保护某人/某物免受……的伤害◎单句语法填空①Iregardedhimasmyfriendand________(protect).②Littlechildrenlive________theprotectionoftheirparents.③Livingawayfromthe________(protect)ofparents,Iamgrowingupinarapidspeed.④She'stoo________(protect)towardsherchildren;sheshouldletthembemoreindependent.⑤________protectionofintellectualpropertyrightshasbeenahottopicinthepastfewyears.⑥Theyfeltstronglythattheirproductsshouldbeprotected___________competitionfromforeignimports.protectorunderprotectionprotectiveTheagainst/from17.nearbyadv.附近地adj.附近的livenearby 住在附近playnearby 在附近玩[误区警示]nearby用作形容词的意思是“附近的，不远的”，指位置较近或就在旁边，在句中一般用作定语，可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后。Thehospitalnearbyisabigone.附近的这家医院很大。Hermotherlivedinanearbytown.她母亲住在附近的一个小镇上。◎完成句子①Heworksin____________________(附近的警察局).②Heusuallytrades_____________________(在附近的超市).③Smalllocalshopsstopbeingeconomicwhenasupermarket______________(在附近开设).thenearbypolicestationatthenearbysupermarketopensupnearby18．ambitionn．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿ambitiousadj.有雄心的；有野心的alackofambition缺乏抱负befullofambition充满野心realize/achieve/fulfillone'sambition实现某人的抱负haveanambitiontodosth./ofdoingsth.有做某事的愿望One'sambitionistobe/do...某人的理想是(做)……political/literary/sportingambitions政治抱负/文学夙愿/运动目标beambitiousfor渴望beambitioustodosth.渴望做某事Robertisaveryambitiousmanandoneofhisambitionsistobecomeagreatscientistinthefuture.罗伯特是一位非常有雄心的人，他的目标之一是将来成为一名伟大的科学家。◎单句语法填空①Annhasanambition________(be)aprofessor.②Youwillnotbeabletoachieveyour________(ambitious)ifyoudonotworkhard.③[2020·天津二考]Galileowasnotmerely________(ambition)whenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.tobeambitionambitious19.cheerfuladj.高兴的，兴高采烈的cheern．欢呼声；喝彩声v．欢呼；(为……)喝彩；(使)振奋cheerfulnessn．高兴acheerfulface笑脸acheerfulcolour亮丽的颜色wordsofcheer鼓励的话cheerfor为……喝彩/叫好；为……鼓劲儿/加油cheer(sb.)up使(某人)振作起来；使(某人)高兴起来cheeron为……打气；为……加油◎单句语法填空①Ourfriendshavealookof__________(cheerful).②Theaudiencegave________greatcheerwhenhescored.③Thisrestauranthasa________(cheer)atmosphere.④Let'sgotothefootballgameandcheer________ourfavouriteteam.⑤Wedidourbesttocheerhim________whenhewasabouttogiveup.cheerfulnessacheerfulforon20．provevt.证明；证实proofn．证据；证明provesth.tosb.向某人证明……provesb./sth.＋adj./n.证明某人/某物是……proveoneselftobe证明自己是……provethat/wh-从句

证明……itisprovedthat...……被证明[误区警示]prove为连系动词时，不用于被动语态中，其后接名词或形容词作表语。Themethodproveduseful.这种方法证明有用。◎单句语法填空①Thebloodonhisshoeswasa________(prove)ofhisguilt.②Shemaybeproved________(be)themostsuitablepersonforthejob.③It_________(prove)thatthemanstolesomemoneyfromtheshop.④Heproved________(he)aworthysuccessortotheformerPrimeMinister.⑤Youwillhavetoprove________thepolicethatyouwereathomethatnight.⑥Theirexperiencesprove______lifeisfullofchangesandpossibilities.prooftobewasprovedhimselftothat21．sincerityn．真诚，真挚，诚实sincereadj.真诚的；诚挚的sincerelyadv.真诚地；真心地(1)inallsincerity非常真诚地；衷心地besincerein...在……方面是真诚的(2)表示“真诚地，衷心地”的短语：fromthebottomofone'sheart,fromtheheart。◎单句语法填空①Her________(sincere)hasneverbeenquestioned.②I________(sincere)believethatthisistherightdecision.③Icansay________allsinceritythatIknewnothingoftheseplans.④Sheisnevercompletelysincere________whatshesaysaboutpeople.⑤Iwasimpressedbyher________(sincere)sodeeplyatthattimethatIdecidedtomakefriendswithher.sinceritysincerelyininsincerity►第二版块|重点短语1．runout用完；耗尽runoutof用完，耗尽runoutofsteam失去动力；精疲力竭[词语辨析]runout与runoutofrunout是不及物动词词组，不用于被动语态。runoutof是及物词词组，后跟宾语，可用于被动语态。Hermoneyhasrunoutandsheisalsorunningoutofherpatience.她的钱已经用完了，她的耐心也快耗尽了。◎单句语法填空①Theirluckhadsimplyrun________.Still,neverfear.②Ihaverunout________patiencewithher.◎辨析填空：runout,runoutof③Itlooksasifoilwill________fasterthancoal.④They'll________theirdailynecessities.outofrunoutrunoutof2.havesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.他让我们吃饭时一直笑个不停。I'llhaveyouspeakingEnglishinsixmonths.我将使你在六个月后会说英语。[归纳拓展](1)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事，宾语与宾补之间为主动关系。IfanyonehappenstodropinwhileIamout,havehimorherleaveamessage.如果我外出时碰巧有人来拜访，让他或她留个口信。(2)havesth.done的两层含义：①使某事被……(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能请别人做)。Wehaveyourmedicinepreparednow.我们现在已经给你准备好药了。Mycomputerbrokedownsuddenly,andIwillhaveitrepaired.我的电脑突然坏了，我要找人修修它。②某人遭遇、经历(不好的事)。Hehadhislegbrokenwhileskiing.他滑雪时摔断了腿。◎单句语法填空①CanIhavetheparcel________(weigh)here?②We'dbedelightedtohaveyou________(work)withus.③Hehadme________(do)allkindsofjobsforhim.④Ihaveacomposition________(write),soIcan'tgoskiing.◎完成句子⑤Mother__________________(让我把信寄了)atonce.⑥He________________(手烧伤了)inthatbigfire.⑦We___________________(有很多工作要做).⑧Shewon't________________________(让孩子们迟到).weighedworkdotowritehadmeposttheletterhadhishandburnthavealotofworktodohavethechildrenarrivinglate3．breakdown停止运转，出故障，坏掉；(计划、和谈等)失败；(精神、身体)垮掉；分解；消除；把……拆分；情不自禁地哭起来Themachinemustbreakdownatthisbusyhour.正忙的时候，机器偏偏又坏了。Johnbrokedownthewashingmachine.约翰拆开了洗衣机。breakaway(from)离开；逃脱；脱离breakin插嘴；打断；闯入breakinto破门而入；突然开始(笑、唱等)breakoff中断；折断breakout(火灾、战争等)突然爆发breakthrough冲破；突破breakup(使)破碎；(使)破裂；解散；散会；(学校)期终放假◎单句语法填空①Whendoesyourschoolbreak________？②Peterbroke________andwasunabletoworkforayear.③Theyattemptedtobreak________toformanindependentstate.④Theriverbroke________itsbanks,andfloodedthecountryformanymilesaround.⑤Wewerediscussingourplans,buthadtobreak________whenthetelephonerang.updownawaythroughoff◎写出句中breakdown的含义⑥Thewashingmachineseemstohavebrokendownagain.________________⑦ShebadbeenwaitingforSimontobreakdownthebarrierbetweenthem.________________⑧Peterbrokedownandweptwhenhesawthedeerthathehadshot.________________⑨Hisplanbrokedownwhenitwasputintopracticebecausehehadnotgivenenoughattentiontodetails.________________⑩Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.________________出故障消除，打破(精神)垮掉(计划)失败拆分4.holdonto紧紧抓住；抓住不放；保留Holdontoyourdreamsandonedaytheymaycometrue.坚持你的梦想，也许有一天它们会实现。Janeisdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.简决心要守住自己的财产。holdback

隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止holdon

别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住holdup

支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍holdout

伸出(手)；维持，坚持holdone'sbreath

屏住呼吸◎单句语法填空①Themanageraskedhimtohold________whileheinvestigatedtheaccident.②Ifthere'ssomethingyou'dliketosay,pleasedon'thold________．③MusicwastheonethingIcouldholdon________whenthingsgotcrazy.④Trafficonthebridgewasheld________forseveralhoursbecauseoftheaccident.⑤Seeinghersonagainaftertwoyears'absence,themotherheld________herarmstoembracehim.onbacktoupout5．as...assb.can尽可能……地Findoutasmuchasyoucanabouthimandreportbacktome.尽量查找有关他的资料，向我汇报。Estebanhadbeencyclingashardashecouldforhours.埃斯特班已经竭尽全力骑了数小时的车。asmuchasyoucan

尽最大可能地assoonasyoucan

尽可能快地(时间)asfastasyoucan

尽可能快地asquickasyoucan

尽可能快地ashardasyoucan

尽可能努力地[学法点拨]as...asonecan可与as...aspossible进行同义句转换。Thisisallurgentdocument,soyououghttodeliveritassoonasyoucan/assoonaspossible.这是一份紧急文件，因此你应该尽快寄送出去。◎完成句子①Heiskeenonbeingpromoted________________(尽快).②Run______________(你尽可能快地)sothatyoucanwinfirstplace.③IhopethatIcanmeetyouagainassoonaspossible.＝IhopethatIcanmeetyouagain_____________．④你最好尽快为志愿者工作做好准备。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________assoonaspossibleasfastasyoucanassoonasIcanYou'dbetterbewellpreparedforthevoluntaryjobassoonasyoucan/assoonaspossible.6.protectsb.from/against...保护某人不受……Herealizedthatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的伤害。You'dbetterwearapairofsunglassestoprotectyoureyesfrom/againstbeingharmed.你最好戴一副太阳镜来保护你的眼睛不受伤害。

[误区警示](1)keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不能省略，因为如果省略，意思会发生变化：keep...doingsth.使……一直做某事。(2)在被动语态中，keep/stop/prevent...fromdoingsth.结构中的from都不能省略。Peoplearekeptfromcommunicatingwithoneanother.人们被阻止彼此交流。◎单句语法填空①Wemust__________(protect)againstsuddenattacks.②Theysetupawildlifereservetoprotectanimalsfrom_____________(hunt).③Whatcanwedotopreventtheseanimals________(die)out?④Thisspecialcreamwillprotectyourskin__________theburningsun.⑤Wewerekept________goingoutbytheheavyrain.beprotectedbeinghunteddyingfrom/againstfrom7.bemadeupof由……组成Mydietismadeupofmeat,fish,vegetables,fruit,waterandmilk.我的饮食内容包括肉、鱼、蔬菜、水果、水和牛奶。makeup

构成；编写makeupfor

补偿makeout

辨认出；明白，理解makeit

及时到达；取得成功makethebestof

充分利用makeupone'smind

下定决心makegood/fulluseof好好/充分利用◎单句语法填空①Hehadn'tbeenabletomake________toourdinner.②Encouragedbymyparents,Imade________mymindtostudyharder.③IworkedlastSaturday,soIhavetodayoff,tomakeup________it.④Thecourse________(make)upof12two-hoursessions.⑤Ifyoucannothavethebest,makethe________(good)ofwhatyouhave.⑥Lookingthroughthemist,Icouldmake________thefigureofawomanstandingunderthestreetlamp.itupforismadebestout►第三版块|典型句式1．Itisacommonsayingthat...俗话说……Itisacommonsayingthatwedonotvalueathingtillweloseit.俗话说，失去一样东西，我们才知道珍惜。ItisacommonsayingthattheweatherintheUKischangeable.俗话说，英国的天气变化多端。[归纳拓展]类似的结构：Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……It'snowonderthat...难怪……Itisagreatpitythathelostthematch.真遗憾他输了这场比赛。Itisnowonderthatyou'retired.You'vebeenwalkingforhours.难怪你会累。你已经走了几个小时了。[基础练习]完成句子①俗话说，身正不怕影子斜。_____________________acleanhandwantsnowashing.②很遗憾你昨晚没有参加晚会。_________________youdidn'tattendthepartylastnight.③俗话说，得朋友难，失朋友易。_____________________afriendiseasierlostthanfound.④真遗憾，亨利没参加足球队员的选拔赛。_________________Henrydidn'ttryoutforthefootballteam.ItisacommonsayingthatItisagreatpitythatItisacommonsayingthatItisagreatpitythat2．状语从句的省略Ifpossible,Iwishtogotherenextsummer.如果可能，我希望明年夏天去那里。[归纳拓展]某些句式经过长期发展已成为固定结构：ifpossible

如果可能的话ifonly

要是……就好了ifany

如果有的话ifever

如果有过的话ifnot

不然的话ifnecessary

如有必要Whynot?

为什么不呢？Whatif...?

如果……怎么办？Whatfor?

为了什么？when/wherenecessary

必要的时候/地方[学法点拨]在时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可以将从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，构成“连词＋分词/形容词/介词短语/名词”结构。While(Iwas)walkinginthenearbypark,Isawacrowdofpeopledancing.当我在附近