2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit1Backtoschool学生用书牛津译林版必修第一册

必修第一册Unit1Backtoschool►核心词汇——写其形1．____________n.&vt.挑战；质疑2．____________adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的3．____________n.努力，费力的事；试图4．____________n.信心，信任；把握5．____________adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物)linkingv.与……相等vt.比得上6．____________n.态度，看法7．____________vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性n.均衡，平衡；平衡能力8．____________n.提议，建议，动议9．____________n.目的，目标vi.&vt.力争做到；目的是；针对10．____________adv.幸运地，幸亏►阅读词汇——知其意1．potentialn.________________adj.________________2．senioradj.________________n.________________3．opportunityn.________________4．acquirevt.________________5．advancen.________________vt.&vi.________________6．resourcen.________________7．facilityn.________________8．attituden.________________9．goaln.________________10．improvevt.&vi.________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．proposaln．提议，建议，动议→________vt.提议2．aimn．目的，目标→________adj.无计划的，无目标的→________adv.无目的地；漫不经心地3．techniquen．技巧，技艺；技能→________adj.技术的；技巧的→________adv.在技术上；在技艺上4．professionaladj.职业的，专业的；n.专业人员→________n．专业；同业；同行5．postern．海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人→________vt.张贴；邮寄；发布6．contributionn．贡献；捐款；捐赠→________vt.贡献；捐助；捐献7．fortunatelyadv.幸运地，幸亏→________adj.幸运的；交好运的→________n．财富；运气►高频短语——记得牢1．________________存在，在于2．________________起作用，有影响3．________________充分利用，尽情享受4．________________利用5．________________最后但同样重要的6．________________迫不及待地做7．________________提醒某人某事8．makeuseof________________9．makethebestof________________10．beequalin...________________►典型句式——懂其用1．Itis＋adj.(forsb.)todosth.句式Tofullyrealizeyourpotential,________________________foryoutomakethemostofourschoolresources.为了充分发挥你的潜力，对你来说，充分利用学校的资源是很重要的。2．动词不定式作目的状语________________________，thespeakermaytellinterestingstoriesoraskquestions.为了达到这个目的，演讲者可能会讲有趣的故事或问问题。3．find＋宾语＋宾补(形容词)Youmay__________________________.你或许会发现实现目标很困难。4．同位语JohnLi,____________________________，hasspentayearstudyingintheUK.中国高中生约翰·李在英国学习了一年。5．so...that引导结果状语从句Ilikeit__________________________Istilluseitasmyalarm!我非常喜欢它，所以我还用它作闹钟！【核心考点】►第一版块|重点单词1．potentialn．潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的potentiallyadv.潜在地，可能地develop/achieve/realize/fulfilone's(full)potential发挥某人的(全部)潜力thepotentialfor(doing)sth.(做)某事的潜力/可能性havethepotentialtodosth.有潜力做某事potentialbenefits/problems潜在的好处/问题potentialdanger/risk潜在的危险/风险potentialcustomers/buyers潜在客户/买家potentialresources潜在的资源◎单句语法填空①It'sreportedthattheregionhasgreatpotential________economicdevelopment.②Havingstudiedvolcanoesformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotential________(cause)greatdamage.③Clearlythisisa________(potential)dangeroussituation.◎完成句子④首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。Firstweneedtoidentifyactualand__________________________.⑤这次事故有可能会毁掉整个公司的未来。________________thisaccidentcoulddamagethefutureofthewholecompany.

2.senioradj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的n．级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员seniorhighschool(美国)高中juniorhighschool(美国)初级中学bejuniorin...在……方面较低bejuniorto...比……小inone'sjunior少年时代juniorinlife晚辈seniorcitizen老年人aseniorpost/position高级职务/职位aseniorofficer/manager/lecturer高级军官/高级经理/高级讲师◎单句语法填空①Sheissenior________me,sinceshejoinedthefirmbeforeme.②Sheislivelyandhard­working,andhasbeenpraisedbyher________(senior)inthecompany.◎完成句子③虽然他比我小3岁，但他在公司里职位比我高。他是我的上司。Thoughheis3yearsyoungerthanme,he__________________meinthecompany.Heismy________.④我哥哥比我大两岁。Mybrother____________________twoyears.⑤尽管我比他年长5岁，但是在办公室里我的职位低于他。AlthoughI________________himby5years,I__________________himintheoffice.3．challengen．挑战；具有挑战性的事物vt.向……挑战challengingadj.具有挑战性的face/accept/takeonachallenge面对/接受挑战meet/risetoachallenge迎接挑战challengesb.(tosth.)向某人挑战(某事)challengesb.todosth.强烈建议某人做某事challengingwork/problems具有挑战性的工作/问题achallengingcareerasateacher富有挑战性的教师职业◎单句语法填空①Destructionoftheenvironmentisoneofthemostserious________(challenge)weface.②Ichallengedhim________agameofchess,buthedidn'tacceptit.③Marychallengedme________(play)anothertennisgame.④Mikefounda________(challenge)jobasacomputerprogrammerandweallcongratulatedhim.◎完成句子⑤她向我发起挑战，在两个小时内完成那项工作。She__________________thatworkintwohours.4．positiveadj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的positivelyadv.积极地bepositiveabout...对……有信心/积极乐观/充分肯定bepositivethat...对……有把握apositivemind积极的心态apositiveattitudetowardslife对生活积极乐观的态度takepositivesteps/action/measurestodosth.采取积极的行动(措施)来做某事haveapositiveinfluenceon...对……有积极的影响makeapositivesuggestion提出积极的建议◎单句语法填空①You'vegottobemorepositive________yourwork.②It'shopedthatthebusinessmenwillrespond________(positive)tothisnewproject.③Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositive________whatthefuturemightbring.④The________(positive)anarticlewas,themorelikelyitwastobeshared.◎完成句子⑤我们都很肯定是她的帮助在那次事件中起了重要作用。We______________________it'sherhelpthathasplayedanimportantpartinthatevent.5．effortn．努力，费力的事；试图effortlessadj.容易的，不费力的makeaneffort/makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事makeeveryefforttodosth.尽一切努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地inanefforttodosth.努力/试图做某事◎单句语法填空①Seriouseffortsmust________(make)toassisttheflood­affectedpoorresidents.②Thecompanyhasfired50workers________anefforttosavemoney.③Nothingcanbeobtained________effort.◎完成句子④Heis__________________(不遗余力地)toearnasmuchaspossibletosupporthisfamily.⑤She__________________(努力)tochangethesubjectoftheconversation.6．advancen．进步，进展；前进，行进vt.&vi.发展，进步advancedadj.先进的，高级的inadvance预先；提前(指事先)inadvanceof在……之前，超过makeanadvance/advancesin在某方面有进步/发展advanceagainst(sb.)向(某人)发起进攻advanceto向……发展advanceon/upon/towards朝……前进◎单句语法填空①Ticketsarerequiredandvisitorsshouldreserveatleasttwoweeks________advance.②Inspiteofallour________(advance)technology,theworldisstillonlyattheverybeginningofitsvoyageintospace.③AlbertEinstein'sideaswerewellinadvance________theageinwhichhelived.◎完成句子④她决定回到大学去发展自己的事业，在做自己喜欢的护理的同时更好地支持她的家庭。Shedecidedtogobacktocollege____________________andtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.⑤没有人知道为什么小狗攻击那个年轻的女孩。Nooneknowswhythelittledogshould________________theyounggirl.7.equaladj.相等的；平等的；相当的n．同等的人(物)linkingv．与……相等vt.比得上equallyadv.相等地；同样地；均等地equalityn．平等unequaladj.不平等的，不相等的beequalin在……方面相等beequaltosth.相当于某事物beequalto(doing)sth.能胜任(做)某事withoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比，无敌equalsb./sth.in...在……方面比得上……enjoyequalpayforequalwork同工同酬treatsb.asone'sequals平等对待某人◎单句语法填空①Heexpressedtheviewthatnotallpeopleareequal________theirabilities.②Billisequalto________(run)theoffice.③Hiscookingis________equal.Sothathehasbeenpopularwiththelocalpeople.◎完成句子④在我国妇女享有同男子平等的权利。Womeninourcountry____________________________________.⑤事实上，论及战争的艺术，这些军队简直是无与伦比的。Infact,whenitcomestotheartofwar,thesearmies________________________.8．independentadj.自主的，有主见的；自立的independencen．独立independentlyadv.独立地；自立地dependentadj.依赖的dependencen.依赖beindependentof不依赖……；不受……支配；独立于……之外bedependenton依靠；依赖于fightforindependence为独立自主而斗争achieve/claim/defend/gainindependence赢得/要求/捍卫/获得独立economicindependence经济独立dependon依靠◎单句语法填空①Yourquestionsshouldbeindependent________eachother.②[2022·浙江6月]ForLuc,thismeans________(independent).③Idon'twanttodependtoomuch________myparents.④Thelittleboyisso________(depend)onhisparentsthathewillnotgotoschoolwithoutthem.◎完成句子⑤这个国家十年前获得了独立。Thecountry__________________________tenyearsago.9．focusn．焦点，重点vt.&vi.集中comeintofocus成为焦点bringsth.intofocus使某事成为焦点in/outoffocus焦点对准/没有对准focuson(＝concentrateon)集中注意力于，关注focus...on...把……集中到……上◎单句语法填空①[2022·北京卷改编]________(focus)onbalancingthebags,shedidn'tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.②Ourattentionshould________(focus)ontheimprovementoflivingconditions.③Inthisscene,thecamerafocuses________theactor'sface.④Thechildren'sfacesarebadly________offocusinthephotograph.◎完成句子⑤对我来说，你的解释不太清楚。Forme,yourexplanationisabit______________________.10.basevt.以……为基础(依据)n．根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营basedadj.以……为基础的basicadj.基本的，根本的basicallyadv.基本上；从根本上说basisn．原因；基准；基础base...on/upon...＝bebasedon以……为基础/根据baseone'sopinionsonfacts以事实为依据发表观点bebasedonfacts以事实为依据base...in将……设在……atthebaseof...以……为基础；在……底部anairbase空军基地onthebasisof...根据；在……的基础上；基于bebasicto...是……的基础◎单句语法填空①Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopinions________facts.②Theysettleddown________thebaseofthemountain.③Theresearchgroupproducedtworeports________(base)onthesurvey,butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.④Hisfirstbooktobepublishednextmonth________________(base)onatruestory.◎完成句子⑤这些政策受到广泛支持。Thesepolicies________________________.11.aimn．目的，目标；瞄准vi.&vt.力争做到；目的是；针对；瞄准aimlessadj.无目的的；无目标的aimlesslyadv.无目的地；毫无目标地withtheaimofdoingsth.意在做某事withoutaim＝aimlessly漫无目标takeaimat/aimat向……瞄准；力求达到achieveone'saim达到某人的目标haveanaim有目标，有雄心aimatthetarget瞄准目标(be)aimedatdoingsth.旨在做某事；目的在于做某事aimtodosth./aimatdoingsth.旨在做某事；目的是做某事◎单句语法填空①Wevisitedschools________theaimofgettingyoungpeopleinterestedintheatre.②Allourprojectsaim________(promote)thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.③Theprogramisaimed________introducingChinesetraditionalculture.④Inthenewspaperofourschoolthereisacolumncalled“ForeignCultures”，________(aim)tointroduceAmericancustomsandthelifeofhighschoolstudents.◎完成句子⑤他(用枪)瞄准目标开火，却未打中。He______________________thetarget,firedbutmissedit.►第二版块|重点短语1．riseto能够处理；上升到，增加到risetothechallenge接受挑战risetotheemergency应对突发事件risetoone'sfeet站起来riseby增长了……ontherise在增加，在上升，正在崛起◎单句语法填空①Thenewcountrymustrise________thechallengeofitsenhanced(增强的)responsibilities.②Hearingthedoorbellring,sherose________herfeetandwalkeddownstairstoopenthedoor.③Salesrose________20%overtheChristmasperiod.④Chinais________theriseandhasbecometheworld'ssecondlargesteconomy.◎完成句子⑤这个年轻人决心克服困难迎接挑战。Theyoungmanwasdeterminedto________________________.2．makeadifference起作用，有影响makeabig/agreatdealof/alotofdifference(to)．..(对……)有很大的影响/作用makenodifference(to)(对……)没有影响/作用makesomedifference有些作用/影响makeallthedifference(to)(对……)关系重大/有很大影响tellthedifferencebetweenAandB辨别A与B◎单句语法填空①Eatingabalanceddietcanreallymake________difference.②Asaresult,theseaairhasmadea________(different)toherhealth.③Itmakesadifference________yourqualityoflifeifyou'realwayslookingforwardtosomethingexcitingtohappen.④________makesnodifferencetomewhetheryoucarryoutasurveyornot.⑤Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifference________loudsoundsandvoices.◎完成句子⑥失之毫厘，差之千里。Onefalsestepwill______________________.3．makethemostof充分利用，尽情享受(＝makethebestof)makeuseof利用makegood/fulluseof好好利用，充分利用take(full)advantageof(充分)利用◎单句语法填空①Withthehotelnowstartingtoopen,thelocalsmake________mostofitbeforethecrowdscome.②Ifwehavenotthebestconditions,makethebest________whatwehave.③Wehavetakenadvantage________variousmedicalmethodstostopthespreadoftheSARS­CoV­2.◎完成句子④你最好充分利用你的智慧来为人民服务。Youhadbetter________________________yourintelligencetoservethepeople.⑤你应该说明你为什么要参加这个项目，以及你在未来的职业生涯中将如何利用这个项目。Youshouldstatewhyyouwanttotakethisprogram,andhowyouwill_________________thisprograminyourfuturecareer.4．takeadvantageof利用；占(某人的)便宜haveanadvantageover...比……有优势givesb.anadvantage给予某人优势atanadvantage/adisadvantage处于有利/不利地位toone'sadvantage/disadvantage对某人有利/不利◎单句语法填空①Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotakeadvantage________theopportunitytojoinsportsteams.②It'ssaidthatthenewly­openedshoppingmallhasnoobviousadvantage________othersimilarsites.③It'sgreattoplayinfrontofallourfans,whocangiveus________advantage.◎完成句子④如果你提前考虑面试问题，你会占优势的。Youwillbe________________________ifyouthinkabouttheinterviewquestionsinadvance.⑤人们应利用他们的时间做些有意义的事情。Peopleshould________________________theirtimetodosomethingmeaningful.5．asaresultof由于，作为……的结果asaresult因此，结果resultin结果，致使，导致resultfrom由……而造成◎单句语法填空①Asaresult________YuanLongping'sdiscoveries,Chinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990's.②As________result,werealizedtheimportanceoflearningEnglishthroughthismeeting.③[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]Hiseffortshaveresulted________1,360acresofnaturally­grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.④Theexpertsaysthatmanyhairproblemsresult________whatyoueat.◎完成句子⑤他的懒惰导致了他的失败，也就是说，他的失败是由他的懒惰导致的。Hislaziness________________hisfailure;thatistosay,hisfailureresultedfromhislaziness.6．stickto坚持；固守；维持sticktoone'sdream坚持梦想sticktoone'sword履行诺言be/get/becomestuckin陷入……中，困在……中be/getstuckinthetraffic遭遇交通阻塞bestuckinthemud陷入泥里◎单句语法填空①Trafficjamsandcities,itseems,gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeing________(stick)intraffic.②Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytostick________healthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.◎完成句子③一个问题是很少有人能长期坚持节食。Oneproblemisthatfewpeoplecan__________________________forlong.④老师提醒我们要履行我们的诺言。Theteacherremindedusto__________________________.⑤我遇到了交通堵塞，否则的话我能早些到这里的。I__________________________，orIwouldhavearrivedhereearlier.►第三版块|典型句式1．find＋宾语＋现在分词(短语)[教材原句]Intimeyouwillfindyourselfgrowingintoawell­roundedindividual.最后，你们会发现自己成长为全面发展的人。[句式分析]本句是简单句，findyourselfgrowingintoawell­roundedindividual是“find＋宾语＋现在分词(短语)”结构，现在分词作宾补，find＋宾语＋宾补(1)“find＋宾语＋现在分词(短语)”，意为“发现……正在……”，宾语与构成现在分词的动词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。(2)“find＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)”意为“发现……被……”宾语与构成过去分词的动词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。(3)find＋宾语＋形容词/副词(4)find＋宾语＋名词/介词短语WhenIwentintoherroom,Ifoundherreadingabook.我走进她的房间，发现她正在看书。(her与read是逻辑上的主谓关系)WhenIcamein,Ifoundallthestudentssmilingatme.当我进来时，我发现所有的学生都在冲着我微笑。(allthestudents与smile是逻辑上的主谓关系)Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。(allthework与finish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.当我和大猩猩吓到彼此时，我很高兴地发现它们还活着。Icalledonheronmywayhomeandfoundherout.我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她不在家。[基础练习]单句语法填空①—Whatdoyouthinkoftheteachingprofession(职业),Bob?—Ifinditfunand________(challenge).Itisajobwhereyouaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.②Themomentyouletgoofyourburden(负担),you'llfindyourself________(feel)muchmorerelaxed.③Ifindmywallet________(steal)onthebus.2．where引导地点状语从句[教材原句]Itisagoodideatoputyourgoalswhereyoucanseethem.把你的目标放在你能看到的地方是个好主意。[句式分析]where引导的地点状语从句用于对主句中的谓语动词进行修饰。I'llgowhereverhegoes.我将去他所去的任何地方。(任意地点)Wherever(＝Nomatterwhere)hehides,thepolicewillcatchhim.不论他藏在哪里，警方都会抓住他。I'llgowherehewent.我将去他所去过的地方。(特定地点)[基础练习]单句语法填空①Youshouldputthebook________itwas.②Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen________therewasnothingayearagobutruins.③I'dliketoleaveassoonaspossibleandjoinmychildren,________theyare.④Youarefreetogo________youlike.3.so...that引导结果状语从句[教材原句]IlikeitsomuchthatIstilluseitasmyalarm！我非常喜欢它，所以我还用它作闹钟！[句式分析][知识拓展][基础练习]单句语法填空①Mymotheris________stubborn________Icanneverpersuadehertogivein.②Wehad________littletimethatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkonschedule.③Ididn'tmeantoeatanythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogood________Icouldn'thelptryingit.④Guestswere________manythatthehostfeltveryhappy.4．although引导让步状语从句[教材原句]AlthoughtherewasnotasmuchhomeworkasIwasusedto,itwasstillchallenging.虽然作业不像我以前那么多了，但仍然很有挑战性。[句式分析]although意为“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，通常可与though互换。[易混提示]although/though/as均可引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet,still等连用。(1)although引导让步状语从句时，从句用正常语序。(2)though引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。用倒装语序时，作表语的形容词或名词提至句首。(3)as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，把表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词提至句首。作表语的单数可数名词放在句首时，要省略冠词。[基础练习]完成句子①尽管下着大雨，但我们仍继续工作。________________itwasraininghard,(yet)westillwentonworking.②虽然他很固执，但我已经说服了他和我们一起去。________________heisverystubborn,Ihavepersuadedhimtogowithus.③她尽管是个孩子，但已精通英语了。Child________________shewas,shehadagoodcommandofEnglish.④重新学习观察我们周围世界的艺术是很简单的，尽管它需要练习且需要打破一些坏习惯。Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,________________ittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.5．动词不定式作目的状语[教材原句]Toachievethis,thespeakermaytellinterestingstoriesoraskquestions.为了达到这个目的，演讲者可能会讲有趣的故事或问问题。[名师点津]动词不定式作目的状语时：①可位于句首和句尾，且不定式前可加inorder/soas，但soasto不可位于句首。②其否定形式是在不定式符号to前面加not。③其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如果不一致，则须用动词不定式的复合结构，即forsb.todosth.。④不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间构成动宾关系时，要用不定式的被动语态结构。[基础练习]单句语法填空①________(discuss)thehealthylifestyle,we'llholdameeting.②Inorder________(finish)theplanaheadoftime,wemustworkharder.③Theteacheropenedthedoor________thestudentstocomein.④Weworkedhard________(admit)intoakeyuniversity.【跟踪演练】Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Weshouldmakethemostofcommunication________(设施)toimprovepeople'slife.2．Thegovernmentshouldmakeeffortstoprotect________(个人的)privacy(隐私)．3．IfTomwantstobewell­rounded,hemustgiveupthestubborn________(性格)．4．Studentsshouldlearntobe________(负责任的)injuniorhighschool.5．Wemustsave________(资源)tokeeptheecologicalbalance.6．Hislearning________(风格)makesadifferencetootherstudents.7．Theteacherasksustopreparereference________(材料)aheadoftime.8．Ilikethecharacteronthe________(海报)verymuch.9．Heisreponsibleforthewhole________(车间)．10．Youshouldsticktoeffectivelearningmethodstoachieveyour________(目的，目标)．11．The________(技艺)systeminthefactoryneedstobeimproved.12．Holdinga________(积极的)attitudecanwintheopportunity.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Everystudentshouldhaveapositiveattitude________study.2．Weoughttotreateveryindividual________(equal)．3．Heis________(confidence)ofhispotentialoflearninglanguage.4．Nowthatwehave________(advance)facilities,wemustsucceed.5．Wearelookingforwardto________(improve)ourstudyconditions.6．Workhard,andyouwillacquiretheopportunity________(enter)auniversity.7．Onhearingthe________(amaze)newsthathereachedthegoal,heburstoutcryingwithexcitement.8．________(balance)nutritioncanstrengthenourthinking.9．________(responsible)isoneoftheexcellentcharactersthatonemustown.10．InordertoimproveoralEnglish,Petersticksto________(practice)withforeignteacherseveryday.11．Hegavemea________(detail)descriptionaboutthechallengethatthecompanyfaced.12．Thepatientservedasatimely________(remind)ofhowimportantkeepingabalanceddietcanbe.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我迫不及待地想进入大学，过独立的生活。__________________________________enterauniversitytoliveanindependentlife.2．对我们来说，勇敢地接受挑战是很重要的。____________________________________thechallengebravely.3．在这部小说里有一个值得我们学习的角色。____________________acharacterworthlearninginthisnovel.4．为了赢得平等的权利，他向委员会提出抗议。________________________theequalrights,heprotestedtothecommittee.5．我盼望着在曾经失败的地方站起来。I'mlookingforwardtostandingup______________________.6．我发现在经济上保持独立是困难的。__________________________________befinanciallyindependent.7．学习弹钢琴在初期对她来说是一件有挑战的事情。________________________________isachallengingthingforherinthebeginning.必