2022-2023学年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高三第一次联合诊断检测英语试题

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

高三第一次联合诊断检测英语

英语测试卷共8页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读

下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案C.

1.WhatdidMarydoabouthertravel?

A.Shegaveuphertravel.

B.Shechoseanewdestination.

C.Shechangedherdate.

2.WhatdoesthewomanaskMr.Taylortodo?

A.Totastefood.B.Tobuyfood.C.Toproducefood.

3.Howsoonwilltheshowbegin?

A.In40minutes.B.In50minutes.C.In60minutes.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Professorandstudent.B.Bossandclerk.C.Fellowstudents.

5.Whydidpeoplestayinsidethestore?

A.Becauseitwasburninghot.

B.Becauseitwasraininghard.

C.Becauseitwasquitecold.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读

各个小题：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.HowdidMartinfeelabouthisshoppingtrip?

A.Greatfun.B.Quiteeasy.C.Somewhatdisappointing.

7.WhydidMartintakeataxitogetaroundtown?

A.Becauseitwascheap.

B.Becauseitsavedhimtrouble.

C.Becausehewasinahurry.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whydoesthemangotoseethedoctor?

A.Becauseheisoverweight.

B.Becausehedoesn'twanttoeat.

C.Becausehehasnobreakfast.

9.Howmuchdoesthemanhaveforsupper?

A.Nothingatall.B.Toomuch.C.Toolittle.

10.Whatadvicedoesthedoctorgivetheman?

A.Readingabookaboutfood.

B.Neverrunningacarwithoutfuel.

C.Changingtheeatinghabit.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Howaretherelicsprotected?

A.Keptfreefromair.B.Keptspotlesslyclean.C.Keptinamuseum.

12Whatdoesthemanthinkofthethree-leggedcup?

A.Priceless.B.Historical.C.Impractical.

13.Howmuchdoweknowabouttheman?

A.InterestedinChineserelics.

B.Unfamiliarwithancientrelics.

C.GoodatEnglish.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whatdomostpeoplehopetodointhenewyear?

A.Tohelpfriendsmakemoremoneyfortheirfamilies.

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B.Tostaymoretimetogetherwithfriendsandfamily.

C.Tohelpfriendsandfamilymakeabetterresolution.

15.Whydoesthemanthinkwearebusy?

A.Becausewehaveto.B.Becausewepromiseto.C.Becausewewantto.

16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofnewyear'sresolution?

A.Noneedtokeep.B.Firmlyfollowed.C.Reallyuseless.

17.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodoforher?

A.Togotothegymwithher.

B.Tobuyanewgymbagforher.

C.Toruntogetherwithher.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题

18.WhatisoneofthemainreasonsforthechallengeofCrates,study?

A.Thespecieskeepmoving.

B.Thespeciesflytoohigh.

C.Thespeciesaretoosmall.

19.Whatbringsmalehoneyeatersdifficultytofindtheirpartners?

A.Standardtune.B.Untraditionalsongs.C.Mediumsize.

20.Whatistheattitudeofthestudytothefutureofthehoneyeaters?

A.Indifferent.B.Optimistic.C.Pessimistic.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

A

ForestParkEasyHikeinQueens

EVENTDESCRIPTION:

Walkoutintothegreatoutdoors,justoutsideManhattan!ForestParkisfilledwithnaturaltreasuresandisa

perfectgetawayforlocalsandvisitorsalike.Canyoubelievethisparkhasbeenaroundforoveracentury?Takethe

chancetobringfamilyandfour-leggedfriends,andexpecttoseeafriendlydoggiehereandthere.Duringthehike,

youwillexploredifferenttrails（allwell-paved）andstopatafewkeyspotstolearnmoreaboutthe3rdlargestpark

inQueens.

/events/fbrest-park-easy-hike-in-queens-7

Cost:$20generalmembers

Date:May7,2023,Sunday

Howitworks:

?We,llmeetat3p.m.atWallenbergSquarerightoutsideofForestParkinQueens.

?Bepreparedtowalkasweexploremultiplepathsthroughoutthepark!

?Publictransitisavailable!YoucantaketheEFtoUnionTurnpikeortheLIRRtoKewGardensandwalk15

minutesovertoWallenbergSquare.

?ThehikewillstartandendatWallenbergSquare.

Whattobring:Water,hikingbootsorsneakers

DifficultyLevel:Easy

Whatifitrains?Refundswillbegiveniftheeventiscanceledduetorain.

CanIcomealone?Yes,mostguestsdo!It'sagreatwaytomeetnewpeople.

DressCode:Becomfortableandcasual.Dressfortheweather.Youwillbeoutsidefor90minutes.

Ages:20+.Mostofoureventsattract20,s-40,salthoughsomeeventscanbeadjustedtoyoungerorolder(50's)

dependingontheevent.

Questions?EmailDaveCerviniatorcall212.873.2256,M-F10a.m.to4p.m..

Nonrefundableunlesscanceled.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutForestParkEasyHike?

A.Itisadog-friendlyevent.B.Itrequiresnon-stopwalking.

C.Itisheldinthecitycenter.D.Ittakesplaceonunpavedpaths.

2.Whatistheagerequirementfortheevent?

A.Olderthanten.B.Olderthantwenty.

C.Olderthanthirty.D.Olderthanforty.

3.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttogohiking?

A.Formagroup.B.Carryanumbrella.

C.Prepaytheticket.D.Wearformalclothes.

【答案】1.A2.B3.C

【解析】

【导语】本篇为应用文。主要介绍皇后区森林公园徒步活动。

(1题详解】

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细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Takethechancetobringfamilyandfour-leggedfriends,andexpecttoseea

friendlydoggiehereandthere.（抓住机会带上家人和你的宠物狗，并期待在各处看到一只友好的小狗）”可知，

这次的森林公园徒步活动是可以带狗狗的。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Ages:20+.Mostofoureventsattract20,s-40,salthoughsomeeventscanbe

adjustedtoyoungerorolder（50's）dependingontheevent.（年龄：20岁以上。我们的大多数活动都吸引20至

40岁的人，尽管有些活动可以根据活动的不同调整为更年轻或更年长（50岁））”可知，活动的年龄要求

是20岁以上。故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第六段"Whatifitrains?Refundswillbegiveniftheeventiscanceledduetorain.（如果

下雨怎么办？如果活动因下雨而取消，将给予退款）”和最后一段“Nonrefundableunlesscanceled.（除非取

消，否则不予退还）”可知，参加这项活动需要提前购票。故选C项。

B

Closetoacenturyago,NewYork'sConeyIslandwasfamedforitssideshows（杂耍）.Eye-catchingsigns

crowdedtheisland'sattractions,showingoffcircusshows,swordswallowers——andevenanexhibitionoftiny

babies.

Thebabieswereprematureoneskeptaliveinincubators（婴儿保育箱）pioneeredbyDr.MartinCouney.The

medicalestablishmenthadrejectedhisincubators,butDr.Couneydidn'tgiveuponhisaims.Startingin1896,he

fundedhisworkbydisplayingthebabiesandcharging25centstoseetheshow.Inreturn,parentsdidn'thavetopay

forDr.Couney'sincubators,andmanychildrensurvivedwhowouldneverhavehadachanceotherwise.

Bomin12,LucilleHomendedupinanincubatoronConeyIsland.She'dbeenbomatwin,buthertwindied

atbirth.Andthehospitalstafftoldherfatherthattherewasn'tachanceshe'dlive.44Itwasjust:Youdiebecauseyou

didn'tbelongintheworld,“Homsays.Butherfatherrefusedtoacceptthatanswer.Hegrabbedablankettowrap

herin,calledataxi,andtookhertoConeyIsland—andtoDr.Couney'sinfant（婴幼JL）exhibit.

Yearslater,Horndecidedtoreturntoseethebabies——thistimeasavisitor.Whenshetooktheopportunityto

introduceherself,Dr.Couneywentovertoamanwhowasuneasilylookingathissmallinfant."Lookatthisyoung

lady,"Dr.Couneytoldtheman."She'soneofourbabies.Andthat'showyourbaby'sgonnagrowup.”

HornwasjustoneofthousandsofprematureinfantsthatDr.Couneycaredforanddisplayedatamusement

parksuntilthe194s.Hediedin1950,shortlyafterincubatorslikehiswereintroducedinmosthospitals.Atthelime,

Dr.Couney'seffortswerelargelyunknown-butatleastonepersonwillneverforgethim."Ninety-sixyearslater,

hereIam,allinonepiece.AndI'mthankfultobehere,“Homsays.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Couney'sincubator?

A.Itpushedmedicalscienceforward.B.Itwasthemostfamoussideshow.

C.Itsavedmanyprematurebabies.D.Itchargedeachinfant25cents.

5.WhywasHorntakentoDr*.Couney'sinfantexhibit?

A.ShebelongedinnowhereelsebutConeyIsland.

B.Itwastheonlyplacewhereshemightsurvive.

C.Thehospitalstafflackedthepatiencetocareforher.

D.Herfatherrefusedtoacceptthedeathofhertwinsister.

6.WhatisthepurposeofDr.Couney'swordsinParagraph4?

A.Torelievetheman'sanxiety.B.Tointroducetheladytotheman.

C.Topromisethebaby'sbrightfuture.D.Toexplainthefunctionoftheincubator.

7.WhatshouldwelearnfromDr.Couney'sstory?

A.Medicalknowledge.B.Earningpower.

C.Persuasivetechniques.D.Flexiblemind.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文为记叙文。讲述了19世纪90年代Dr.Couney在科尼岛的游乐场里展出保育箱，游客花25

美分可以观看保育箱中展示的早产婴儿，Dr.Couney以这种方式拯救了许多早产儿的生命，LucilleHom就

是其中一个。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Thebabieswereprematureoneskeptaliveinincubators（婴儿保育箱）pioneeredby

Dr.MartinCouney."（这些婴儿都是早产儿，在MartinCouney首创的婴儿保育箱中存活。）和“manychildren

survivedwhoneverwouldhavehadachanceotherwise”（许多孩子活了下来，否则他们永远不会有机会）可

知，Dr.MartinCouney的婴儿保育箱使许多早产儿得以存活。故选C。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Bornin12,LucilleHornendedupinanincubatoronConeyIsland."（LucilleHorn

出生于12年，在科尼岛的一个婴儿保育箱中长大。）可知，Hom最终在保育箱中存活下来；由第三段“And

thehospitalstafftoldherfatherthattherewasn'tachanceshe'dlive,,（医院的工作人员告诉她父亲，她已经没

有活下去的机会了。）和“Butherfatherrefusedtoacceptthatanswer.Hegrabbedablankettowrapherin,called

ataxi,andtookhertoConeyIsland一andtoDr.Couney'sinfantexhibit."（但是她的父亲拒绝接受这个回答，

他拿了一条毯子把她裹起来，叫了一辆出租车，带她去了科尼岛，以及Dr.Couney的婴儿展览。）可知，

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Hom的父亲不接受医院的说法，所以带她去科尼岛Dr.Couney的婴幼儿展览，可以推测这也是Hom在

当时情况下可能活下去的唯一希望了。故选Be

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“amanwhowasuneasilylookingalhissmallinfant."（一个男人不安地看着他的小

婴儿。）和Dr.Couney的话语"She'soneofourbabies.Andthat'showyourbaby'sgonnagrowup."（她是我

们的孩子。你的孩子就会这样长大。）可知，Dr.Couney用成活的早产儿Horn作例子来安慰这位焦虑的父

亲，缓解他不安的情绪。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Themedicalestablishmenthadrejectedhisincubators,butDr.Couneydidn'tgiveup

onhisaims.Startingin1896,hefundedhisworkbydisplayingthebabiesandcharging25centstoseetheshow.”

（医疗机构拒绝了他的保育箱，但Couney没有放弃自己的目标。从1896年开始，他通过展示婴儿和收取

25美分的费用来资助他的工作。）可知，Dr.Couney在被医疗机构拒绝的情况下没有放弃，而是灵活改变

方法，以实现自己的目标；同时,由第三段“Butherfatherrefusedtoacceptthatanswer.Hegrabbedablanket

towrapherin,calledataxi,andtookhertoConeyIsland-andtoDr.Couney'sinfantexhibit.”（但是她的父亲拒

绝接受这个回答，他拿了一条毯子把她裹起来，叫了一辆出租车，带她去了科尼岛，以及Dr.Couney的婴

儿展览。）可知，孩子的父亲在医院给出孩子无法存活的回答后，没有放弃，而是选择去Couney的婴幼儿

展览，最终让孩子得以存活长大。这都说明了做事情要有灵活的思维，多想办法，以实现自己的目标。故

选D。

C

Restaurants,cafesandthelikeareforeatinganddrinking,right?

That'sano-brainer,yousay?That'syournaturalreaction,Tdsay.Now,think.Rewindyourmind.Whatdoyou

recall?Aren'trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesoflearning?

Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters.Whatyouwitnessissmallgroups

reading-writing,eating-sipping,browsing-downloading,copying-pasting,banding-bonding.Youngstersareatit

dayafterday,asifthere5snotomorrow,asiftheyareinaraceagainsttimetouploadasmuchknowledgeaspossible

intotheirbrains.Itwasn'tlikethisbefore.Previousgenerationsofstudentswouldvisitcafesforcoffee,tea,soft

drinksorsnacks,maybeshareabitofgood-naturedjokeswiththeir"gang"members.

Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary.

Backinmyhometownduringthelate'80sandtheearly'90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatherat

ourhomes,takingturns,intherun-uptokeyexams.Duringsuch^night-outs46,wewouldstudy,exchangenotes,

shareinsights,brainstormtosolvetrickyproblems,anticipatetestquestions,andprepareaccordingly.Not

infrequently,wewoulddiscusssportsevents,movies,filmstarsand,ofcourse,girls.

Digital-agekidsdoitdifferentlynow.Why?Icanonlyguess.TheforemostreasonisfreeWi-Fiandallthatit

offers.Theenvironmentatinstitutionallibrariesmaynotbetomillennials'（千禧一代的）liking.Or,isitbigpocket

moneyorsalaryearnedfrompart-timejobs?Maybe,justagenerationalthing,alifestyletrend,ortheresultofthe

single-childsystem.

Oneofmyyoungercolleagues,abusinessjournalist,lastmonthmarriedherchildhoodsweetheart,aheart

surgeon,and,shetoldme,itallstartedbackatschool.So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,so

importantwhenaddictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.

8.Whatfactdoestheauthoremphasizeconcerningtrendycafes?

A.Theyaredigitallypowered.B.Theyreplacecollegelibraries.

C.Theyarespecificallydesigned.D.Theybecometeenagehangouts.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph6referto?

A.Exam-relatedstudy.B.Theuseofcomputers.

C.Movie-themeddiscussion.D.Socialcommunication.

10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesrestaurantsandbarsinthelastparagraph?

A.Old-fashionedinstyle.B.Helpfulforsocialinteractions.

C.Luxuriousindecoration.D.Convenientforuse.

11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RestaurantsandCafesintheDigitalTimes

B.HowMillennialsAreChangingRestaurants

C.Eat,Study,BondatWi-Fi-Enabled"Temples"

D.BestCafeswithFreeWi-FiforWorkorStudy

【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C

【解析】

【导语】本篇为说明文。主要讲了现在的年轻人喜欢呆在有网络的咖啡馆里，聚会、工作或学习。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。由第二段“Aren*restaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesofleaming?^^（餐馆和咖啡馆难道不是新

的学习殿堂吗？）和第三段“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-studycenters."（对年

轻人来说，时髦的咖啡馆是新的聚会场所，是共同学习的中心。）可知，关于时尚咖啡馆，作者强调的事

实是它们成了青少年常去的地方。故选D项。

【9题详解】

08/23

词句猜测题。由第四段“Forexam-relatedstudy,therewerequietareasincitylibrariesorthecollegelibrary."（对

于考试相关的学习，城市图书馆或大学图书馆都有安静的区域。）和第五段“Backinmyhometownduringthe

late'80sandtheearly'90s,ahandfulofmyclassmatesandIwouldgatheratourhomes,takingturns,inthe

run-uptokeyexams."（上世纪80年代末和90年代初，在我的家乡，我和几个同学会轮流聚集在家里，准

备重要的考试。）可知，这里的it指的是考试相关的学习。故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。由文章最后一段"So,therestaurantsandbarspromotereal-lifeinteractions,soimportantwhen

addictiontoonlinesocialmediaisseenmakingyouthunsociable.^^（因此,餐馆和咖啡馆促进了现实生活中的

互动，这在沉迷于网络社交媒体使年轻人变得不善交际的情况下非常重要。）可知，餐馆或咖啡馆促进年

轻人在现实生活中的互动，所以是有作用的。故选B项。

[11题详解】

主旨大意题。由文章第二段尾句"Aren'trestaurantsandcafesthenewtemplesofleaming?^^（餐馆和咖啡馆难

道不是新的学习殿堂吗？）和第三段首句“Foryoungsters,trendycafesarethenewmeetingpoints,joint-study

centers.”（对年轻人来说，时髦的咖啡馆是新的聚会场所，是共同学习的中心。）可知，文章主要讲了有网

络氛围的餐馆和咖啡馆不仅仅是吃饭的地方，它们成为年轻人小聚、工作或学习的场所，故选C项。

D

Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectson

health.

Thesmall,20-personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directoroftheCenterforCircadian（生理节奏）

andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100lux（照度）ofartificiallighton

healthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping.Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginamostly

darkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthesleepers:

brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they'dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartoseehowwell

theirsystemsrespondedtoit.

Thegroupexposedtothelighthadraisedheartratesthroughoutthenight,andalsohadtroublegettingtheir

bloodsugarintoanormalrange.

Thesechangessuggestthesmallamountoflightwasenoughtoshiftthenervoussystemtoamoreexcitedand

alertstate."It'salmostlikethebrainandtheheartknewthatthelightswereon,althoughtheindividualwas

sleeping,saysZee.

Whilethefindingsofthisstudyalonecan'tpredictwhatwouldhappeninthelongterm,Dr.Colwellsuspects

theharmfuleffectswouldbecumulative:"Thiswasonlyonenight,soimagineifyou'relivingthatway

constantly?^^

"That'sgoingtoincreasetheriskoflong-termdiseases,saysDr.CharlesCzeislerwhoseresearchhaslooked

attheconsequencesofcircadianrhythmsleepdisorderforlongerthanjustonenight.Heconcludedthatthe

unpleasanteffectswereprimarilybecauseofthe"internalclock"beingdisturbed-notnecessarilybecauseofthe

lackofsleep.

Thisisnottosaythatthelackofsleepdoesn'talsohavenegativeeffectsonhealth—itdoes—buthesaysit

simplystressesthelastingconsequencesofbeingexposedtolightatnighttime.

“Peoplethinkthataslongastheyfallasleepandareunconscious,it'snothavingphysiologicaleffects,but

that'ssimplynottrue,^^Czeislersays.

12.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Howthestudyiscarriedout.B.Whattypeoflightaffectssleep.

C.Whoisinchargeoftheresearch.D.Whylightandsleepareconnected.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewresearch?

A.Lightplaysacriticalroleinregulatingcircadianrhythm.

B.Asmallamountoflightatnightislinkedwithsleepdepth.

C.Leavingthebedroomlightsonleadstomentaldisorder.

D.Sleepingwithalittlebitoflightisn'tgoodforyourhealth.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cumulative“inParagraph5mean?

A.Common.B.Slight.C.Increasing.D.Accidental.

15.WhichofthefollowingmightCzeisleragreewith?

A.Themoreyousleep,thehealthieryouwillbe.

B.Physiologicaleffectsdisappearwithasoundsleep.

C.Sleepqualityliesinhowyoufeelaboutthesleep.

D.Itisthecircadianrhythmsleepdisorderthatmatters.

【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，晚上伴着少量的光睡觉可能会对健康产生负面影响。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句"Thesmall,20-personstudyconductedbyDr.PhyllisZee,directoroftheCenter

forCircadian（生理节奏的）andSleepMedicine,wasdesignedtomeasurethephysiologicaleffectsof100lux（照

度）ofartificiallightonhealthyadultswhiletheyweresleeping』这项由昼夜节律和睡眠医学中心主任菲利

10/23

斯.泽伊博士进行的20人小型研究旨在测量100勒克斯的人造光对健康成年人睡眠时的生理影响。）”和最

后三句"Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinabetterlitroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthesleepers:

brainwaves,heartratesandblood.Inthemorning,they'dgivebothgroupsalargeamountofsugartoseehow

welltheirsystemsrespondedtoit.（第二天晚上，他们中的一半睡在光线更好的房间里。与此同时，研究人员

对睡眠者进行了测试：脑波、心率和血液。早上，他们会给两组人大量糖，看看他们的系统对糖的反应如

何。）”可知，第二段主要是讲研究是怎么进行的。故选A。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustasmallamountoflightmay

havenegativeeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，晚上伴着少量的光睡觉可能会对健康产生负面影响。）”可知，

新的研究表明晚上伴着少量的光睡觉对健康没有好处。故选D。

【14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第五段中的"Thiswasonlyonenight,soimagineifyou'relivingthatwayconstantly?（这只

是一个晚上，所以想象一下如果你一直这样生活？）”可知，此处是指Colwell博士怀疑有害影响会累积，

所以cumulative意为“积累的,渐增的”。故选C。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段第一句中的“saysDr.CharlesCzeislerwhoseresearchhaslookedattheconsequences

ofcircadianrhythmsleepdisorderforlongerthanjustonenight（查尔斯・齐斯勒博士说，他的研究已经对昼夜节

律睡眠障碍的后果进行了研究，研究时间超过了一个晚上）”和最后一段中的“Peoplethinkthataslongasthey

fallasleepandareunconscious,it'snothavingphysiologicaleffects,butthat'ssimplynottrue（人们认为，只要他

们睡着了，而且没有意识，就不会产生生理影响，但这根本不是真的）”可知，齐斯勒同意“重要的是昼夜

节律睡眠障碍”的观点。故选D。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

HowtoWorkoutYourWorriesbyWriting

Somethingtroublingyou?

Youshouldwriteaboutit.

Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowriteaboutadifficultsituationoftenshowimprovedmentalandphysical

health.

16Itisaspecifictechnique,andit'sdifferentfromwritinginajournal.Theideaistoreflecthonestly

andthoughtfullyonaparticularchallenge.

Hundredsofstudiesoverseveraldecadeshavelookedatthepotentialbenefitsofexpressivewriting.Itcan

strengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasflu,canceranddepression.17

Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience,expertssay.

18Thentranslatingthatexperienceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.Andcreatinga

narrativegivesyouasenseofcontrol.

Butexpressivewritingisn'tamagicalcure-allsolution.19Andpeoplecopingwithasevereinjuryor

depressionmaynotfinditusefultodoontheirown,withouttherapy（治3字）.

Yetitcanbeapowerfultoolformany,inlargepartbecauseithelpspreventthesecrecypeopleoftenfeelabout

aninjuiy,aswellastheirreluctancetofaceemotions.

20Thinkingortalkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflecting,whereyoubecomelostinyouremotions.

Writingforcesyoutoslowdown.Themereactoflabelingafeeling-ofputtingwordstoanemotion-canlessen

thenervousactivityinthethreatareaofthebrain.Writingcanincreasesomeone'sacceptanceofhisexperience,and

acceptanceiscalming.

A.Whywrite?

B.Whatifyoudon'twrite?

C.Expressivewritinggavepeoplethecouragetofacefears.

D.Itshouldn'tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.

E.Itcanalsohelpreducepainandimprovemood,sleepandmemory.

F.Thefirstimportantstepistorecognizewhatitisthatisbotheringyou.

G.Psychologistsrefertowritingaboutanunpleasantexperienceas^expressivewriting44.

【答案】16G17.E18.F19.D20.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。花时间写下你的感受，对你的身心健康都有好处。

【16题详解】

根据后文“Itisaspecifictechnique,andifsdifferentfromwritinginajournal.（这是一种特殊的技巧，与在日

记中的写作不同。）”可知，空处提到一种不同于日记的写作方式。G项“Psychologistsrefertowritingabout

anunpleasantexperienceas“expressivewriting.”（心理学家将关于不愉快经历的写作称为“表达性写作"。）”提

到的一种写作方式“expressivewriting”，且结合语境，后文“It”指代的就是“expressivewriting”。故选G

项。

【17题详解】

根据本段首句uHundredsofstudiesoverseveraldecadeshavelookedatthepotentialbenefitsofexpressive

writing.（几十年来，数百项研究着眼于表达性写作的潜在好处。）”可知，本段主题是表达性写作的好处。

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空前——句"Itcanstrengthentheimmunesystem,includingforpeoplewithillnessessuchasflu,cancerand

depression.（它可以增强免疫系统，包括对流感、癌症和抑郁症患者）”强调表达性写作对人的身体健康有好

处；E项"Itcanalsohelpreducepainandimprovemood,sleepandmemory.（它还能帮助减轻疼痛，改善情绪、

睡眠和记忆力。）”进一步说明了表达性写作对人的精神健康的好处，与本段主题一致，且“also”表示和

前一句的递进关系，符合语境。故选E项。

【18题详解】

根据前文“Expressivewritingworksbecauseitallowsyoutomakemeaningoutofapainfulexperience（表达性

写作之所以有效，是因为它能让你从痛苦的经历中获得意义。）”可知，表达性写作使你从痛苦的经历中获

得意义；根据后文"Translatingthatexperienceintolanguageforcesyoutoorganizeyourthoughts.（将这种经历

转化为语言会迫使你整理思想。）”可知，表达性写作是通过将经历转化为语言，让你重新整理思想，即获

得意义。F项"Thefirstimportantstepistorecognizewhatitisthatisbotheringyou.（认识到有什么事情困扰着

你是重要的第一步。）”说明要意识到有不愉快的存在，才能将其写下来，转化成语言，整理思路，承上启

下，符合题意。故选F项。

【19题详解】

前文*<Butexpressivewritingisn'tamagicalcure—allsolution（但是表达性写作并不是万能灵药。）”说明表达

性写作不能解决所有问题；后文“Andpeoplecopingwithasevereinjuryordepressionmaynotfinditusefulto

doontheirown,withouttherapy（患有严重创伤或抑郁症的人如果不进行医学治疗，独自进行治疗是没有用

的。）”进一步说明有些疾病需要医学治疗。因此空处应该说表达性写作不能治疗所有疾病，不能替代医学

治疗；D选项“Itshouldn'tbeusedasareplacementforothertreatments.（它不应该被用作医学治疗的替代品。）”

与前后文意义一致，符合语境。故选D项。

【20题详解】

后文Thinkingortalkingaboutaneventcanleadtoreflecting,whereyoubecomelostinyouremotions.Writing

forcesyoutoslowdown.（思考或谈论一件事会导致反思，在那里你会迷失在你的情绪中。写作迫使你慢下

来。）”说明了写的重要性。空处是本段主题句，A项“Whywrite?（为什么写？）”提出了写的意义的问题；

后文回答了这个问题，故A项符合语境。故选A项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Amuch-likeduniversityjanitor（看人）wassurprisedby230oftheschool'sstudentsastheyprovidedhim

withatruly21vacationbackinJuneofthisyear.

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adoringfansattheuniversity23himasa“legend"and"hero",andthesestudentsthoughtittheirdutyto

makesurethis“cheerftil“mancouldget24whathedeserved.

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