2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit5WorkingtheLand教师用书新人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit5WorkingtheLandⅠ．词块记单词1．aseriousshortageoffood食物严重短缺2．tacklethiscrisis解决这个危机3．boostyields提高产量4．onecharacteristicofhybrids杂交作物的一个特点5．attainahigheryield获得更高的产量6．conventionalcrops传统的农作物7．throughintenseeffort通过不懈的努力8．overcomeenormoustechnicaldifficulties克服巨大的技术困难9．expandtheiroutputgreatly大幅度增加产量10．domesticriceconsumption国内大米消费11．generatepower发电12．alifeofleisure悠闲的生活13．thechemicalindustry化学工业14．organicfarming有机耕作15．inwidespreaduse在广泛使用16．needtimetodigestinformation需要时间来理解信息17．asanalternative作为一个替代品18．putdowndeeproots深深扎根Ⅱ．语境记单词1．Inreality,therealpartofhisstorywasthatJimreallyhelpedustorealiseourdreamoftravellingabroad．(real)2．Herlatestpoemhasremarkabledepth,andhasdeeplyimpressedherreaders,whichcertainlydeepensthereaders'understandingofmodernpoetry．(deep)3．Thatprovinceisrichinmineralresourcesandhassomanymines,whereevendiamondsareminedbyminers．(mine)4．Hedevoteshislifetohiswork,andhisdevotiontohisjobisadmiredbyeveryone,includingsomeofhisdevotedfriends．(devote)5．Hisconvincingwordsfinallyconvincedme,andIwasconvincedthathewasinnocent．(convince)6．Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption．(assume)7．MostpeopleinAfricastillstruggleagainstnaturaldisastersandleadamiserablelifeforlackofnutrition．Itisalwaysimportantforthemtohavenutritiousfoods．(nutrition)8．Theentirevillagewasdestroyed．Itnowlooksentirelydifferentfromthepreviousone．(entire)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Yettherelationshipbetweengrowthandthestateoftheenvironmentisfarfrom(远非)simple．2．IhavealreadystartedtodevelopdeepfeelingsforyouandIcarefor(在意；喜欢)you．3．(2022·北京卷)Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife．Forinstance(例如),wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageandworkingstyle．4．Hespendstoomuchtimeonmaths,andthisinturn(相应地)affectstheprogressofhisothersubjects．5．(2022·浙江卷1月)Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedon(依靠)masselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity．6．Hedecidedtodevotetherestofhislifeto(献身)scientificwork．7．Theconcertiscomprisedof(包括)performancesthatwereallputupbyourveryowntalentedstudents!8．Deepdown(在内心深处),theyrealisethathappinesscan'tbebought,butitcanbeshared．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．据估计本周末将有一万多跑步者参加马拉松。(estimate)Itisestimatedthatmorethan10，000runnerswilltakepartinthemarathonthisweekend．2．考虑到她对文学感兴趣，我确信写作是适合她的职业。(giventhat引导状语从句)Giventhatsheisinterestedinliterature,I'msurewritingistherightcareerforher．3．这本书用简单的语言写成，并充满韵律，使其对儿童来说容易记住。(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)Thebookiswritteninsimplewordsandfulloftherhythm,makingiteasyforchildrentoremember．1．devotevt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于[素养佳句]Iwillmakeeveryefforttotakegoodcareofmyfamily,especiallymyagedgrandfatherbecausehehasdevotedmostofhislifetobringinguptwogenerations．我将尽一切努力照顾好我的家庭，特别是我年迈的祖父，因为他把一生中的大部分时间都用来养育两代人。(1)devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心devoteoneselfto献身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj．忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto(doing)sth．专心于……；奉献于……(3)devotionn．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚——单句语法填空①Beforetheexam,Idevotedmyselftopreparing(prepare)forit．②Ateacher'sdevotion(devote)toeducationdeservesgreatrespectofthewholepublicbecauseitbringsbenefitstothedevelopmentofsociety．③Heisadevoted(devote)fatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble．——句式升级Sheisdevotedtoherresearch,soshecareslittleaboutotherthings．④Devotedtoherresearch,shecareslittleaboutotherthings．(过去分词短语作状语)⑤Devotingherselftoherresearch,shecareslittleaboutotherthings．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)devote...to...中to是介词，后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。2．convincevt．使相信；使确信；说服[素养佳句]Laterduringtheperformance,thelookofpurejoyonhisfaceconvincedmethathefoundpeaceinmusic．后来在演出中，他脸上那种纯粹的喜悦的表情使我相信他在音乐中找到了宁静。(1)convincesb．todosth．说服某人做某事convincesb．ofsth．使某人相信某事convincesb．that...使某人相信……(2)convincedadj．确信的；深信的beconvincedof/that...确信……(3)convincingadj．令人信服的；有说服力的(4)convincinglyadv．令人信服地——单句语法填空①(2020·天津卷7月)Heconvincedthepolicedepartmenttoallow(allow)himtosetupacoupleof“chatbenches”intwooftheirlocalparks．②You'llneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob．③Ittookusseveralhourstomaketheoldmanconvinced(convince)ofthesafetyoftravellingbyair．——词汇升级/句式升级Ibelievehonestyisimportant．Itwillcontributetobuildingawarmandharmonioussociety．④Iamconvincedoftheimportanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingawarmandharmonioussociety．(定语从句)3．alternativen．可供选择的事物adj．可供替代的；非传统的[素养佳句]Facedwithdifficultiesinourwork,wehavenoalternativebuttoovercomethem．面对工作中的困难，我们别无选择只能克服它们。(1)analternativeto...……的替代物(to是介词)havenoalternativebuttodosth．别无选择只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth．有做某事的选择(2)alternativelyadv．可供选择地；或者——单句语法填空①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetocommunicating(communicate)withothers．②Comewithus．Alternatively(alternative),meetusthere．③ItwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnoalternativebuttocall(call)thepolice．——一句多译失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。④Failureisthemotherofsuccess．Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternativebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit．(alternative)⑤Failureisthemotherofsuccess．Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenochoicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit．(choice)4．dependon依靠；依赖[素养佳句]Whetheryoucanbecomeasuccessfuljournalistdependsonwhetheryouworkhardenough．你是否能成为一名成功的记者取决于你是否足够努力。——单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,depending(depend)onthesugarcontent．②Howmuchsleepyouneeddepends(depend)alotonyourage．③Jimisalwayslate,soyoucannotdependonhimtocome/coming(come)ontime．④Don'tworry．Youcandependonitthathe'llturnupontime．Healwayskeepshispromise．——句式升级Wedon'tknowwhetherwewillhavethesportsmeeting．Thisdependsontheweather．⑤Whetherwewillhavethesportsmeetingdependsontheweather．(主语从句)5．giventhat...引导条件状语从句[素养佳句]Giventhatthey'reinexperienced,they'vedoneagoodjob．考虑到缺乏经验，他们已经做得相当不错了。(1)giventhat...＝considering...只要，考虑到(引导条件状语从句)(2)seeing(that)...鉴于；考虑到(3)provided/providing(that)...如果；假设；在……条件下(4)assuming(that)...假设(5)suppose/supposing(that)...假定；假设；设想——单句语法填空①Providing/Provided(provide)thatyouwerefailinginthecomingexam,whatshouldyoudo?②Seeing(see)thatitis8o'clock,we'llwaitnolonger．——一句多译只要你听医生的话，照他/她说的去做，你很快就会好起来的。③Giventhatyoulistentothedoctoranddoashe/shetellsyou,you'llgetbettersoon．(giventhat)④Supposing(that)youlistentothedoctoranddoashe/shetellsyou,you'llgetbettersoon．(supposingthat)⑤Assuming(that)youlistentothedoctoranddoashe/shetellsyou,you'llgetbettersoon．(assumingthat)providing(that)从句中用一般现在时表将来。6．动词-ing形式短语作结果状语[素养佳句]Naturehasprovidedourcountrywithwealthynaturaltreasures,makingitahappyhomeforus．大自然为我们的国家提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为我们幸福的家园。(1)动词-ing形式短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果；(2)不定式短语作结果状语表示偶然的、意料之外的结果，且前面常有only修饰，即onlytodo。——单句语法填空①ManypeoplefromallovertheworldhavemovedtoAmerica,making(make)itthemostmulticulturalcountryintheworld．②Hehurriedtotheairport,onlytobetold(tell)thattheplanehadtakenoff．——句式升级Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently．Itallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay．③Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently,allowingmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Ⅰ．选词填空becomprisedof;ashortageof;dreamup;deepdown;characteristic;focuson;forinstance;farfrom1．Deepdown,wewanttobelievethathardworkandvirtuewillleadtosuccesswhilelazinessandevilwillleadtoruin,sowegoaheadandchangetheworldtomatchthoseexpectations．2．Thesalesnetworkiscomprisedofretailoutlets(零售专卖店)andchainstores．3．Manynaturalmeanshavebeenusedinorganicfarming．Forinstance,animalwastesareusedtokeepthesoilfertile．4．Shecanalwaysdreamupsomereasonfornotdoinganythingunpleasant．5．Manycompaniesaresufferingfromashortageofskilledstaff．6．It'scharacteristicofherthatshenevercomplainsandalwaystriestosolvetheproblem．7．Tohiscomfort,hisartshowwasfarfrombeingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess．8．Followingadayofmedicalresearch,theconferencefocusedoneducationalpractices．Ⅱ．完成句子1．Wheneveryouremotionisoutofcontrol,justkeepinmindthatonlybypossessingagoodstateofmindcanyouattainsuccess．每当你控制不了情绪时，牢记一点：只有通过拥有良好的心态你才能获取成功。2．IttookmealongtimetodigestwhatIhadheard．我花了很长时间才把听到的东西弄明白。3．Theboxwastooheavyformetolift．这个箱子太重，我提不起来。Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs．n．炸弹2．(2022·全国乙卷)Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports．v．产生3．(2022·北京卷)Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon'tproduceresults,butconcludedthat“we'llneverproduceresultsthatwecan'tenvision”．n．愿景Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突变)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults．AA．v．消化 B．v．领会；领悟C．n．摘要；文摘2．(2020·天津卷5月)Thetransition(过渡)fromgastoelectricintheautomobileindustryhasbeenmadeeasierbyhybrids—vehiclespoweredbybothfuelandelectricity．CA．n．杂交植(动)物 B．n．合成物C．n．混合动力车Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·浙江卷1月写作)Idecidedtodevotemyselftothetaskofworkingwiththesubjects,whilehedevelopedthescientificmodel．我决定全身心投入到研究对象的工作中去，而他则开发科学模型。2．(2021·浙江卷6月写作)Theexhibitionisnotonlyoneofthemostunforgettableeventsforourstudents,butalsoaplatformtodisplaythecharmofChineseculture．此次展览不仅是同学们最难忘的活动之一，也是展示中国文化魅力的一个平台。3．(2020·浙江卷7月写作)Throughyourtirelesswork,allofushaveachieved/attained/mademuchprogressinEnglishstudy,especiallyinspokenEnglish．通过您的不懈努力，我们所有人都在英语学习方面取得了很大的进步，尤其是口语。4．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Iwanttoconvincethemofmyenthusiasmforthejob．我想使他们相信我对这份工作的热情。5．(2018·江苏卷)Withthesedatainmind,artstudentsneednotworryabouttheircareerandhaveanalternativeplan．有了这些数据，艺术专业的学生不必担心自己的职业生涯，而且他们有一个替代方案。Ⅰ．单词拼写1．(2022·浙江卷6月)Thisworkexpanded(扩大)mymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom．2．Acharacteristic(特点)ofthisanimalisitsabilitytoliveforalongtimewithoutwater．3．Output(产量)consistsofbothexportsandsalesonthedomesticmarket．4．Wecansurelyovercome(克服)thesedifficultiesaslongaswearecloselyunited．5．Atfirstglance,organic(有机的)farminglooksmuchmoreexpensiveforthefarmer．6．Itseemstobeanalternative(可选择的)solution．7．Thereiswidespread(广泛的)supportforthenewproposals．8．Tomyamazement,hisopinionissimilartomineinmanyaspects(方面)．Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．Mycalculationswerebasedontheassumption(assume)thathousepriceswouldremainsteady．2．Devoted(devote)tohisscientificwork,hehasnotimetocareforhisfamilyaffairs,whichhiswifealwayscomplainsabout．3．Thereisnodoubtthatitisunwisetodependcompletelyontheratingsinconsumption(consume)．4．Somepeoplelikesalty(salt)disheswhileothersdon't!5．Theyarenotentirely(entire)happywithhiscriticismofthepresident．6．Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththedepth(deep)ofherknowledge．7．Poverty(poor)islessofaproblemnowthanitusedtobe．8．Itisalwaysimportanttochooseenjoyable,nutritious(nutrition)foods．Ⅲ．补全句子1．人们认为压力是由工作过多所致。(assume)Itisassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork．2．为了完成这项艰巨的任务，估计大约需要1000万美元。(estimate)Tocompletethishugetask,itisestimatedthatabout10milliondollarswillbeneeded．3．鉴于人口在过去几年里增长快速，存在食物短缺的现象就不足为奇了。(giventhat)Giventhatthepopulationhasincreasedrapidlyinthepastfewyears,itishardlysurprisingthatthereexistsafoodshortage．4．在目前的经济情况下，鲍勃除了接受这份工作别无选择。(alternative)Bobhadnoalternativebuttoacceptthejobofferunderthepresenteconomicsituation．5．他的父亲突然出现在他面前，让他又惊又喜。(动词-ing形式短语作结果状语)Hisfathersuddenlyappearedinfrontofhim,makinghimsurprisedandhappy．6．(2022·全国甲卷写作)总之，是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。(itishightimethat)Allinall,itishightimethatwedevoted/shoulddevoteourselvestoprotectingtheocean．课时质量评价(二十一)选择性必修第一册UNIT5主题语境：人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系Ⅰ．阅读理解Forhis86thbirthday,ChengXiangwenenjoyedacorn-shapedcakehiscolleagueshadpreparedforhim．“Mybirthdaywishistodevelopbettercornvarieties，”hesays．Afterthecelebration,hebegananotherjourneytoSanya,inSouthChina'sHainanProvince,wherehehasworkedmostofhislife．Chengisascientistinagricultureandspendsmostofhislifestudyingandcultivating(栽培)corn．HevisitsSanyainNovembereveryyearandstaysthereforsixmonthstocultivatecorn．Once,whenhewasconductingafieldsurvey,afemalefarmersaidtohimintears,“Yougraduatedfromcollege．Couldyoupleasefindawaytoincreasethecornoutputhere?Iftheyields(产量)arehigher,ourchildrenwillnolongersufferfromhunger．”Sincethen,Chenghasmadedevelopinghigh-yieldcornvarietieshislife'smission．In1964,hecametoHainan,whereitwaswarmer,andstartedhisworkthere．Hegreatlyshortenedthecultivationperiodandcreatedhybridcornvarietiesforthefirsttime．Withthesenewvarieties,farmersinXunxianCountysawtheiraveragecornoutputwasmorethan3，750kgperhectareperyear．Despitethebeautifulcoastline,theenvironmentwhereChengworksusedtobetroubledbypovertyandpoortraffic．Localsoncedescribedtheareaashavingalargenumberofrats,mosquitoes,andpoisonoussnakes．Atthattime,hedideverythingonhisown．Helivedinalocalvillager'shouseandhefrequentlywenttothemountainstochopfirewoodtocook．Hishardwork,however,haspaidoff．Now,authoritieshaveapproved14new,high-yieldcornvarietiesChenghelpeddevelop．Chengisdedicatedtodevelopinghigh-yieldcornvarietieswithstrongerresistanceandtheyareeasiertoharvestwithmachines．Hestillgoestothefieldseachdayandobservesandrecordsthecornplants．“Cultivatingseedsislikeraisingkids．Onlybycarefulparentingcanyoubecomefamiliarwiththeirstrengthsandweaknessesandhelpthemtogrowuphealthily，”hesays．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。农业科学家程相文用毕生的精力培育出杂交玉米，并且研发出14种高产的玉米新品种。1．WhatcanweinferaboutChengaccordingtoParagraph1?A．HewasborninHainanProvince．B．HeworksinSanyaforlessthanhalfayear．C．Herestedforalongtimeafterhisbirthday．D．Hewantstodevelophigher-yieldcornvarieties．D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘Mybirthdaywishistodevelopbettercornvarieties，’hesays．”可推知，程相文想要培育出高产的玉米品种。故选D。2．InwhichparagraphcanweknowthecauseofCheng'slife'smission?A．Paragraph1． B．Paragraph2．C．Paragraph3． D．Paragraph4．B细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，在程相文做实地调查时，一位农民的诉求让他从那时起把培育高产玉米品种当成毕生的事业。故选B。3．WhatkindofdifficultydidChengmeetwithinHainan?A．Unbearablehotweather．B．Buildingahousewithouthelp．C．Livingonpoisonouscreatures．D．Theterriblelivingconditionsandsurroundings．D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Despitethebeautifulcoastline...hefrequentlywenttothemountainstochopfirewoodtocook．”可知，程相文当时在海南的生活环境和生活条件很差。故选D。4．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCheng?A．Hard-workinganddetermined．B．Calmandcaring．C．Fairandsympathetic．D．Kindandgenerous．A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despitethebeautifulcoastline...Hishardwork,however,haspaidoff．”和最后一段中的“Chengisdedicatedtodevelopinghigh-yieldcornvarietieswithstrongerresistance...andobservesandrecordsthecornplants．”可推知，程相文是一位认真敬业、不畏艰难且意志坚定的科学家。故选A。Ⅱ．读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneday,whenIwasafreshmaninhighschool,Isawakidfrommyclasswalkinghomefromschool．HisnamewasKyle．Itlookedlikehewascarryingallofhisbooks．Ithoughttomyself,“WhywouldanyonebringhomeallhisbooksonaFriday?Hemustbesilly．”Ihadquiteaweekendplanned,soIshookmyheadandwenton．AsIwaswalking,Isawagroupofkidsrunningtowardshim．Theyranathim,knockingallhisbooksoutofhisarmsandhelandedinthedirt．Hisglasseswentflying．HelookedupandIsawthisterriblesadnessinhiseyes．Myheartwentouttohim．SoIrantohim．Ashewaslookingforhisglasses,Isawtearsinhiseyes．Ihandedhimhisglasses．Helookedatmeandsaid,“Thanks！”Therewasa