二轮复习40分阅读理解提分练(一)

二轮复习40分阅读理解提分练(一)(限时35分钟)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2019·南昌一模)Someofthebestcyclingroutesintheworldpassthroughthemostbeautifulscenery.Herearesomeofworld'sbestbikeroutesforcyclistswhoareeitherupforhavingagoodsweatorsimplyseeingtheworldwithoutleavinganuglycarbonfootprintbehind.TheGreatOceanRoad,Victoria,AustraliaIfyoulikeachallenge,takeonthis243­kilometerwindyroadalongAustralia'ssouth­easterncoast.Ifadayisallyou'vegot,takethe60­kilometerroutefromTorquaytoBellsBeach.Thereyou'llcyclethroughruralfarmland,enjoythesweepingoceanviewsfromclifftops,andsnakepastthewetlandsaroundLakeConnewarre.TheUdaipurCityTour,Rajasthan,IndiaBikingisarguablythebestwaytoexploreUdaipur,VeniceoftheEast.Cyclistsoftenneedtocyclepastherdsmenandtheirgoatsandcamels,sharingnarrow,oldpavementsinthisromanticplace.Butsurroundedbyancientcastlesandgrandpalaces,Udaipurbringsaboutoneofthebestbikingexperiences,allowingcycliststotrulydiscoverruralIndia.TheKarakoramHighway,China­PakistanTheKarakoramHighwayisthehighestinternationalroadintheworld,reachinganaltitudeof4，717metersneartheKhunjerabPass.StartinginKashgar,China,cyclistscantravelupto1，200kilometersonmostlyunpavedroads,buttheviewsareasbreathtakingastheriding.TheRouteoftheHiawatha,Idaho­Montana,UnitedStatesTakeyourfamilyouttoMontanathissummerandcyclealongthemostscenicdisusedrailroadinthecountry.Therailroadturnedbiketrailturnsinto24kilometersofleisurebikingthattakesyouoverseventrestles(栈桥)andthrough10tunnels,withthelongestone,theTaftTunnel,stretchingfor2.7kilometers.语篇解读：本文介绍了几个最佳的骑行路线。1．Inwhichtourcanyouenjoytheseasidescenery?A．TheGreatOceanRoad.B．TheUdaipurCityTour.C．TheKarakoramHighway.D．TheRouteoftheHiawatha.解析：选A细节理解题。根据TheGreatOceanRoad,Victoria,Australia部分第一句中的“coast”和最后一句中的“Thereyou'llcyclethroughruralfarmland,enjoythesweepingoceanviewsfromclifftops,andsnakepastthewetlandsaroundLakeConnewarre.”，并结合题干可知，在骑行中可以享受到海边风景的是澳大利亚的这条骑行路线。2．WhatcanyoudoontheUdaipurCityTour?A．GotoVenice.B．Feedwildanimals.C．Visitculturalrelics.D．Enjoymodernarchitectures.解析：选C推理判断题。根据TheUdaipurCityTour,Rajasthan,India部分最后一句“Butsurroundedbyancientcastlesandgrandpalaces,Udaipurbringsaboutoneofthebestbikingexperiences,allowingcycliststotrulydiscoverruralIndia.”可知，Udaipur被古城堡和宏伟的宫殿所环绕，由此可推知，在这条骑行路线中，骑行者可以参观文化遗址。3．What'sspecialabouttheKarakoramHighway?A．Itisatotallyundevelopedroute.B．Itgoesalonganabandonedrailway.C．Itownsthelongesttunnelintheworld.D．Itlieshigherthanotherinternationalroads.解析：选D细节理解题。根据TheKarakoramHighway,China­Pakistan部分第一句中的“TheKarakoramHighwayisthehighestinternationalroadintheworld”可推知，theKarakoramHighway比世界上的其他国际道路要高。B(2019·潍坊高考模拟)In2009,DanBlackwashitbyacarinhishometownofChepstow,Wales,ashewasbikingtohisjobatagrocerystore.Theaccidentlefthimunabletomovefromthechestdown.Duringhisrecovery,hesufferedastrokethatmadehisrightarmuseless.Onceapromisingguitarist,Dan,now25,liveswithhisparentsandrequiresaround­the­clockcarethatcostsnearly$300，000ayear.Aftertheaccident,afriendofhimstartedtheHelpDanBlackFund(基金)tocoversomeofDan'smedicalexpenses.Danlearnedaboutanexperimentalstemcell(干细胞)treatmentinChinathatcouldenablehimtowalkagain.Afterfouryears,donationstohelpDanBlacktotalednearly$30，000.Oneday,in2013,anewsstorycaughttheeyeofDan'smother,Michacla,whothensharedthestorywithherson.Thestoryfeaturedafive­year­oldboynamedBreconVaughan.Hehadarareformofdiseaseandneverwalkedbyhimself.Theboy'sfamilyhadcreatedawebsitewithwhichtoraisenearly$100，000neededforatriptotheSt.LouisChildren'sHospital,wheretreatmentwasofferedthatcouldhelpBreconwalk.Onlyhalftheamounthadbeenraised,saidthereport.Dandeliberated.Then,afterconsideringthathisowndreamofwalkingcouldbeyearsaway,hedonatedhis$30，000toBrecon'scause.“Iknowhowitfeelstowalk.Brecondoesn't.HeneedsitmuchmorethanIdo.”Dantoldanewspaper.Dan'sgenerosityreceivedagreatdealofattention,andcontributionsstartedpouringintotheVaughanwebsite.Thefamilysoonexceededtheirfund­raisinggoal.They'vepromisedtogivetheextrafunds,about$17，000,totheTreeofHopecharity,whichhelpssickchildrenintheUnitedKingdomfindspecializedmedicalhelp.InOctober,BreconandhisfamilytraveledtoSt.Louistobegintreatment.“WhatDandidisgreat.”Brecon'smothersaid,“Itisanextraordinarygift.”语篇解读：本文讲述了一个等待治疗的残疾人把自己的治疗基金捐献给一个五岁的孩子，帮这个孩子去实现“走路”的愿望。他的慷慨和对别人的无私帮助与爱心感动了很多人，在人们的捐助下，这个孩子的家庭很快筹够了治疗费用，并承诺用剩下的钱去帮助其他需要医疗帮助的孩子们。4．WhatdoweknowaboutDanBlack?A．Hepromisedtobeaguitarist.B．Helosthisrightarminanaccident.C．Hecreatedawebsitetocollectmoney.D．Hedonatedhismoneyfromhisneed.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Then,afterconsideringthathisowndreamofwalkingcouldbeyearsaway,hedonatedhis$30，000toBrecon'scause.”可知，他把自己治疗需要的钱捐了出去。故选D项。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exceeded”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Wentbeyond. B．Broughtup.C．Achieved. D．Set.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“They'vepromisedtogivetheextrafunds,about...totheTreeofHopecharity...”可知，筹款有剩余的钱，因此推测exceeded的含义为“超过”。故选A项。6．WhathelpedthedonationfloodintotheVaughanwebsite?A．Michacla'ssuggestion. B．Brecon'sstory.C．DanBlack'sexample. D．TheVaughans'promise.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Dan'sgenerosityreceivedagreatdealofattention,andcontributionsstartedpouringin...”可知，丹的慷慨引起了大家的关注，人们以他为榜样，捐款像洪水般涌来。故选C项。7．HowwillVaughan'sfamilydealwiththeextrafunds?A．SupportDanBlack'streatment.B．GiveawaytotheTreeofHopecharity.C．HelpsickchildrenintheU．K.D．FundBrecon'striptoSt.Louis.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They'vepromisedtogivetheextrafunds,about$17，000,totheTreeofHopecharity,whichhelpssickchildrenintheUnitedKingdomfindspecializedmedicalhelp.”可知，他们将把钱捐赠给TreeofHope这个慈善机构。故选B项。C(2019·太原期末)We'reoftenremindedoftheimportanceofpreservingtheplanetasweseeitforfuturegenerations—andchildrenatStOswald'sCEPrimarySchoolChestercertainlyagree.Nine­year­oldIsobelKelleherfromtheschool'sHummingbirdsclassthinksadultsneedtotakenote.“SometimestheycanbebusyandIdon'tthinktheythinktheycanmakeadifference,butifeveryonedoesalittlebititalladdsup，”shetellsHuffPostUK.“Westartedlookingatplasticpollutioninouroceansandthethingslikeplasticbagsthatarepollutingthem，”shesays.“Fishcaneattheplasticandtheycandie,orwemighteveneatthefishourselves.”MrTimms,Isobel'steacher,hasbeenspearheadinganewprojectattheschoolwhichletschildrenloosecreativelytoraiseawarenessoftheneedtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.TheentireHummingbirdsclass,whichismadeupof9­and10­year­oldpupils,hasbeenbusywritingpoemsandcreatingonlinevideoadvertstowarnadultsabouttheserioussituationofouroceansandwildlife.MrTimmsthinkschildrenhaveanimportantroletoplayinteachingushowtotakecareofthethingsaroundus.“Wesometimesoverlookhowmuchwecanreallylearnfromchildren，”hesays.“Ithasbeenreallyhardtobelievehavingparentscomeinsayingthattheirchildrenhavebeenaskingthemtostopusingplastic,andtorecyclemore,andevenstoppingthemusingplasticstraws.”MrTimmsisproudofhisHummingbirdsclass.“Themessagethattheywouldliketosendtotheworldissimple:stoppingthisisn'tsomeoneelse'sjob,anditwon'tbeOKifwejustleaveit.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告以提醒成年人注意环保问题。8．WhatcanweinferaboutadultsaccordingtoIsobelKelleher?A．Theyjustpretendtobebusy.B．Theyhaven'tdonetheirpartwell.C．Theycandonothingtostoppollution.D．Theyhavestartedtocareabouttheocean.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Nine­year­oldIsobelKelleherfromtheschool'sHummingbirdsclassthinksadultsneedtotakenote.”可知，学校“蜂鸟班”里九岁的伊泽贝尔认为成年人需要注意环保问题；据此可推知，成年人在环保问题上没有做得很好，故B项正确。9．Whatisthepurposeoftheschoolproject?A．Tohelpadultstolearnmoreabouttheirkids.B．Toremindadultstobefriendlytotheenvironment.C．Topersuadestudentstostopusingplasticbags.D．Toteachstudentshowtowritepoemscreatively.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“TheentireHummingbirdsclass...ouroceansandwildlife.”可知，整个“蜂鸟班”由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们一直忙着写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人海洋和野生动物所处的严重处境；据此可知，该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题，故B项正确。10．WhydoesMrTimmsmentionparentsinparagraph4?A．Toprovekidsarecreativeinteaching.B．Toattractpeopletosupporthiswork.C．Tohaveadultscareabouteducation.D．Toshowtheeffectsoftheproject.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“Ithasbeenreallyhardtobelieve...evenstoppingthemusingplasticstraws.”可知，真的很难相信有父母说孩子们要求他们停止使用塑料，甚至要求他们停止使用塑料吸管；据此可推知，该段提及父母旨在说明该项目对成年人的影响，故D项正确。11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aninspiringschoolproject.B．Anappealtostopplasticbags.C．Serioussituationsofourplanet.D．Adults'ignoranceoftheenvironment.解析：选A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第三段第一句“MrTimms,Isobel'steacher,hasbeenspearheadinganewprojectattheschoolwhichletschildrenloosecreativelytoraiseawarenessoftheneedtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.”为全文的主题句，本文主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目，该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人注意环保问题。故A项正确。D(2019·绵阳市第一次诊断)Wearewhatweeat.Thatisanoldexpression,butoneworthknowing.Arecentlookatdietsaroundtheworldshowsthatpeoplewhoeathealthyfood—andnottoomuchofit—livelonger.Butwhichareasoftheworldhavethebestdiets?Researchersfoundthatfoodsinsomeofthehealthiestdiets—Mediterraneandiet,NewNordicdiet,JapanesedietandFrenchdiet—maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat.Mediterraneandietcontainslotsoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.Thediethasproperamountsoffishandpoultry(家禽肉).Redmeatandfoodshighinsugarandsaltarenotbigpartsofthisdiet.NewNordicdiethaswholegrainslikeoatsandrye,vegetablessuchascarrots,broccoliandeggs,seafood,fruits,oil,low­fatmilkandcheese.Sugarydessertsarenotcommoninthisdiet.Japanesepeoplearesomeofthelongestlivingpeopleontheplanet,withwomenupto87yearsoldandmenupto80.TheJapanesedietisthereasonforsuchlengthsoflife.Thediethasmanyfoodsthatarelowincaloriesandhighinnutrients.Japanesepeopleeatalotofseaweed,tofu,rice,vegetablesandfish.Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“FrenchParadox”.ThereasonwhytheFrencheatfattyfoodswithoutgettingfatmaybesimple.Theyeatless.ServingsizesinFrenchrestaurantsandofproductssoldinstoresaresmallerthanthoseinmostcountries.Andgenerallyspeaking,mostFrenchpeopledonotsnack.Thismeanstheydonoteatfoodbetweenmeals.语篇解读：本文介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。12．Whatdoweknowaboutthehealthiestdietsaroundtheworld?A．Theycontainabundantcalories.B．Theytendtobeexpensive.C．Theysharecertainsimilarities.D．Theyreflectpopulartastes.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocalandseasonalfoods,whichincludemorevegetablesandseafoodandlessredmeat”可知，尽管有不同之处，但世界上最健康的饮食都使用很多当地的和时令的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜，更少的红肉。由此可知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处，故选C项。13．WhatisconsideredasaharmfuleatinghabitinJapanesetradition?A．Goinglowincalories. B．Eatingtothefullest.C．Havingmuchseafood. D．Pickingmanyfoods.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.”可知，日本的传统是吃八成饱。由此可推知，吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯，故选B项。14．Howdoestheauthordevelopthecentralideainthelast4paragraphs?A．Bybuildingconnections.B．Byexploringreasons.C．Bylistingexamples.D．Byanalyzingfigures.解析：选C写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。15．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Whatisthehealthiestdietonearth?B．Howdoestheoldexpressionserve?C．Whyisahealthydietsoimportant?D．Wherecanwefeedourselveswell?解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。故A项作为文章标题最合适。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2019·长沙四校一模)ANewTrendofMicroMuseumsIsMakingSciencePortableSciencemuseumsareamazing.Youcanseelargedinosaurbonesfromthehugecreaturesthatdisappearedthousandsofyearsagoortakealookatcellsunderamicroscope.__16__．Youcanlearnsomuchatasciencemuseumiflivingcloseenoughtoone.However,forthosewhodon'tliveinacity,gettingachancetovisitsciencemuseumsisnoteasy.“__17__，theirinfluenceislimited.Therejustaren'tenoughsciencemuseums，”saidCharlesPhilipp.“Andduetothehighcosts,it'sunlikelythatwe'llbeseeingabunchofnewtraditionalsciencemuseumspoppingupalloverthecountryanytimesoon.”PhilippandhispartnerAmandaSchochethavedecidedtoreinventsciencemuseumsbygettingthemsmall.TheyfoundedMICRO,anonprofitorganizationthatbuildstiny6­foot­tallsciencemuseums,whichareportableandreplicable(可复制的).__18__.Theycangetaccesstoitforfreeinsuchplacesaswaitingroomsofhospitals,libraries,airports,andevenshoppingmalls.__19__，theymadeitwiththehelpofateam