热点15“以竹代塑”的好处(原卷版)-备战2023年中考英语热点话题解读关键能力(题型)强化专练(通用版)

备战2023年中考英语热点话题解读+关键能力(题型)强化专练热点15“以竹代塑”的好处11月7日—8日，国际竹藤组织成立二十五周年志庆暨第二届世界竹藤大会在北京举行。大会以“竹藤——基于自然的可持续发展解决方案”为主题，旨在推动竹藤产业健康发展、助力实现碳中和目标，探索竹藤发展新机遇，打造竹藤对话新平台。大会启动了“以竹代塑”倡议，举办了大使对话、特邀报告和36场平行会议。喀麦隆总统保罗·比亚、厄瓜多尔总统吉列尔莫·拉索、埃塞俄比亚总统萨赫勒-沃克·祖德、联合国副秘书长李军华、联合国粮农组织总干事屈冬玉、联合国工发组织总干事格尔德·穆勒、联合国国际农业发展基金总裁阿尔瓦罗·拉里奥在开幕式上发表视频讲话。中国全国政协农业与农村委员会主任罗志军，中国全国政协人口资源环境委员会副主任姜大明，中国国家林业和草原局局长关志鸥，中国全国政协农业和农村委员会副主任张建龙，中国全国人大环境与资源保护委员会副主任邱水平，国际竹藤组织理事会主席国政府代表、喀麦隆驻华大使马丁·姆巴纳，国际竹藤组织董事会联合主席、国际木材科学院院士江泽慧出席大会开幕式。关志鸥在致辞中指出，中国政府历来高度重视竹藤事业的发展，尤其是近十年来，在竹藤资源培育、竹藤生态保护、产业发展、文化繁荣等方面取得长足发展。党的二十大对推进绿色发展、应对气候变化、推动构建人类命运共同体等作出了新的战略部署，为中国新时代竹藤事业可持续发展指明了方向，也为促进世界竹藤事业发展注入了强劲活力。中国国家林业和草原局将继续秉持生态文明理念和构建人类命运共同体要求，认真落实“以竹代塑”倡议，充分发挥竹藤促进绿色增长作用；与国际竹藤组织及其各成员国携手一道，凝聚广泛共识，深化交流合作，再创竹藤事业发展新辉煌。马丁·姆巴纳在致辞中表示，竹子作为清洁环保的自然资源，为应对气候变化、解决塑料污染、消除绝对贫困、实现绿色发展等全球性挑战，提供了基于自然的可持续发展解决方案。今年6月，中国政府宣布同国际竹藤组织共同发起“以竹代塑”全球发展倡议，通过开发创新竹制品替代塑料制品，减少塑料污染，推动解决环境和气候问题。马丁·姆巴纳呼吁国际竹藤组织成员国支持“以竹代塑”倡议，此举必将惠及国际竹藤组织成员国和全世界。江泽慧在致辞中说，25年来，国际竹藤组织支持成员国将竹藤纳入可持续发展行动计划与绿色经济发展战略，通过推动政策发展、组织项目实施、开展培训与交流等一系列务实举措，为加快全球竹藤资源可持续利用、促进竹藤产区脱贫减困、繁荣竹藤产品贸易、应对气候变化等做出了重要贡献，在全球南南合作、南北对话、“一带一路”等重大国际合作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。借助本次大会的平台和契机，与会嘉宾积极交流、凝练共识，将为推动竹藤科技创新、促进竹藤产业高质量发展，落实“以竹代塑”倡议贡献新的智慧和力量。大会由中国国家林业和草原局与国际竹藤组织共同主办，来自国际竹藤组织成员国、有关国际组织和非政府组织，以及科研院所、高校、企业界的代表参会，并形成了“以竹代塑”倡议重要成果，对加强各方合作，推进“以竹代塑”行动，共建清洁美丽世界具有重要意义。国际竹藤组织成立于1997年，是第一个总部设在中国的政府间国际组织，也是全球唯一一家专门致力于竹藤可持续发展的国际机构，2017年成为联合国大会观察员。目前，有49个成员国和4个观察员国，广泛分布在非洲、亚洲、美洲和大洋洲，总部设在中国北京，在喀麦隆雅温得、厄瓜多尔基多、埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴、加纳阿克拉和印度新德里设有5个区域办事处。中国是世界上竹资源最丰富、竹产业规模最大的国家。党的十八大以来，围绕生态文明建设、巩固脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴有效衔接，中国政府大力培育竹资源、发展竹经济，弘扬竹文化、推动竹产业高质量发展，在改善民生、保护生态、促进人与自然和谐共生等方面发挥了独特作用。目前，中国竹林面积达701万公顷，有竹类植物39属837种，占世界竹子种类1642种的51%。截至2020年底，中国竹产业总产值近3200亿元，竹产品进出口贸易总额22亿美元，占世界竹产品贸易总额的60%以上，居世界首位。（来源|国家林业和草原局）一、阅读理解1Theoilpaperumbrellaisatraditional(传统的)Chinesehandicraft(手工艺品).Ithasahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina.InearlyTangDynasty,itwasbroughttoJapanandKorea,soitwascalledthe“TangUmbrella”.Lateroilpaperumbrellaswerebroughttosomeothercountries,suchasVietnam,ThailandandLaos,andeachhaditsownstyle.However,assteel-ribbed(钢骨的)umbrellascameoutinthelastcentury,thehand-madeoilpaperumbrellasbecamelessusedindailylife.Theywereturnedintohandicraftsfordecoratingthings.YuhanginHangzhouisfamousformakingoilpaperumbrellasformorethan230years.Theyaremainlymadeofpaper,bamboo,acoating(涂层)ofTungoil.Theyneedtotakemorethan70stepstomake,includingmakingbambooribs,pasting(粘贴)paperandchoosingpaintingdesigns.Ittakesatleastaweektomakeperumbrella.In2008,theseumbrellaswereaddedtoIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(非物质文化遗产名录)ofChina.AyoungmancalledLiuWeixuelearnedthetraditionalartofmakingYuhangoilpaperumbrellasfromhisgrandfather.“Iwanttobringthearttolife.”Liusaid.Hemadetheumbrellasbettertomeettheneedsofyoungpeople.Asthetraditionalpaperwaseasytobreak,hestartedtouseakindofthickerpaper.Inatest,hisumbrellaswereopenedandclosedfor1,000timeswithoutbreaking.Heusedakindoflighterbambootomaketheumbrellasweighless.NowLiuhopestheartcanbepassedon.Hegoestolocalschoolstoteachstudents.Healsotakespartinactivitiesindifferentplacestoshowthearttomorepeople.1.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Thehistoryofoilpaperumbrellas. B.Thestylesofoilpaperumbrellas.C.Thedesignofoilpaperumbrellas. D.Thewaysofusingoilpaperumbrellas.2.Fromthearticle,wecanknowthat________.A.peopledon’tuseoilpaperumbrellasanymoreB.theoilpaperumbrellahasahistoryof230yearsC.oilpaperumbrellasarepopularwithyoungpeoplenowD.thethingspeopleusetomakeoilpaperumbrellasarechanging3.WhydidLiuWeixuelearntheartofmakingYuhangoilpaperumbrellas?A.Toshowtheartinactivities. B.Todecoratethingswiththem.C.Tomaketheartmorepopular. D.Toteachhisgrandfathertomakethem.4.Whichpartofamagazinemaythearticlebefrom?A.People. B.Culture. C.History. D.Fashion.2ChopsticksplayanimportantpartinChinesefoodculture.Chopsticksarecalled“Kuaizi”inChineseandwerecalled“Zhu”inancienttimes.Chinesepeoplehavebeenusing“Kuaizi”formorethan3000years.ItwaswritteninLijithatchopstickswereusedintheShangDynasty(王朝).ItwassaidinoneChinesehistorybookthatZhou,thelastkingoftheShangDynasty,usedivory(象牙)chopsticks.Expertsbelievethehistoryofwoodorbamboochopstickscangobacktoabout1000yearsearlierthanivorychopsticks.GoldandsilverchopsticksbecamepopularintheTangDynasty.Chopstickscanbedividedintodifferentgroups,suchaswood,metal,bone,stonechopsticks.BambooandwoodchopsticksarethemostpopularonesusedinChinesehomes.Thereareafewthingstobecarefulaboutwhenusingchopsticks.Chinesepeopleusuallydon’tbeattheirbowlswhileeating,sincetheactusedtobepractisedbybeggars.Alsodon’tputchopsticksinabowlbecauseitisacustomonlyusedinsacrifice(祭祀).Ifyouarereallyinterestedinchopsticks,youmaywanttovisittheKuaiziMuseuminShanghai.Themuseumhascollectedover1000pairsofchopsticks.TheoldestoneisfromtheTangDynasty.5.WhatarethemostpopularchopsticksinChinesehomes?A.Goldandsilverchopsticks. B.Ivorychopsticks.C.Bambooandwoodchopsticks. D.Stonechopsticks.6.Whichisthecorrectorderofchopsticksbythetimetheyfirstappeared?A.Ivorychopsticks,bamboochopsticks,goldchopsticks.B.Bamboochopsticks,ivorychopsticks,goldchopsticks.C.Goldchopsticks,bamboochopsticks,ivorychopsticks.D.Goldchopsticks,ivorychopsticks,bamboochopsticks.7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutchopsticks?A.Chopstickswerecalled“Kuaizi”inancienttimes.B.“Kuaizi”and“Zhu”arethesame.C.AllpeopleusedgoldchopsticksintheTangDynasty.D.Chinesepeoplebeattheirbowlswithchopstickswhileeating.8.Thebesttitleofthepassageis“________”.A.HowtoUseChopsticks B.UsefulChopsticksC.ChineseFoodCulture D.HistoryofChopsticks3Weuse(使用)schoolbagstocarry(搬，运)textbooks,papers,notebooksandallofourschoolthingstoschool.Butdoyouknowaboutthehistory(历史)ofschoolbags?IntheHanDynasty(202BC-220AD),theold-styleschoolsstarted.Studentsbegantouseabamboo(竹)boxtocarrybookstoschool.Theboxwasalwaysveryheavy(重的).Later,parentsusedclothandthread(线)tomake(制作)“budai”fortheirkids’schoolbags.Theyweremuchlighter.WiththestartoftheNewChina,greenmilitaryrucksacks(军用帆布包)becamepopular.Yourgrandparentsorparentsusedtheseschoolbagswhentheywereinschool.Today’sschoolbagsarecolorfulandcool.Andtheyarecomfortabletouse.Somestudentspullwheeled(有轮子的)bagsandsomecarrybackpacks.Schoolbagsarestillchanging.Canyouimaginewhattheschoolbagsofthefuturewillbelike?9.StudentsintheHanDynastyusuallyused________astheir“schoolbags”A.bambooboxes B.clothbags C.wheeledbags D.backpacks10.WhichisTRUEabouttoday’sschoolbags?A.Theyareheavybutcool. B.Theyareindifferent(不同的)colors.C.Parentsmakethemfortheirkids. D.Allofthemhavewheels.11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howtomakeaschoolbag. B.Theimportance(重要性)ofschoolbags.C.Howtouseaschoolbag. D.Thehistoryofschoolbags.4Longlongago,therewasaboycalledMengTsung.Helivedwithhismotherinasmallvillage.Thoughtheywerepoor,theylivedahappylife.MengTsungwasagoodboy,andhealwaysputhismother’sneedsandwishesfirst.Whathedidwasoftenpraisedbyhisneighbors.Onecoldwinterday,Mothergotreallysick.MengTsungsatbyherbedandtookcareofherdayandnight.However,nothinghelped,andshegotworse.MengTsungwassoworriedandasked,“WhatcanIcookforyoutomakeyouwell?”Motheranswered,“Iwouldloveabowlofbambooshootsoup.”Winterwasn’ttheseasonforbambooshoots.MengTsungknewthat,buthedidn’tlosehope.Then,heleftMotherwithaneighborandwenttothebambooforest.Hefoundnonewshootsthere.HeknewthatMotherwouldloseherlifeifhecouldnotofferherthesoup.ThattroubledMengTsung,sohesatdownonthecold,hardgroundandcried.MengTsungdidthatdayafterdaybecauseMotherkeptgettingworse.Hedidn’tknowit,butthebamboogodwaswatching.ThebamboogodfeltMengTsung’sloveforhismotherandfeltbadforMengTsung.Thenextday,whenMengTsungfinishedcrying,hesawsomethingsintheground.Theywerelittlegreenbambooshoots!Hiswarmtearsmadethegroundwetandhelpedthemgrow.MengTsungwasfullofjoy.Hedugthemup,hurriedhome,andcookedMother’ssoup.Aftereatingthesoup,Motherfeltmuchbetter.Soon,shewashealthyagain.Fromthenon,winterbamboocontinuedtogrowinChina,andit’scalledMengTsungbamboo.12.Theunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3refersto________.A.leavingMotherwithaneighbor B.losinghopetofindbambooshootsC.Motherwoulddiewithoutthesoup D.thewrongseasonforbambooshoots13.WhatdoweknowaboutMengTsung?A.Thefoodhecookedmadehismothersick.B.Heknewhiswarmtearshadmagicpower.C.Hepaidmuchattentiontohisneighbors’spraise.D.Whathedidforhismothermovedthebamboogod.14.Whatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsfromthestory?a.MengTsungaskedaneighbortotakecareofhismother.b.ThebamboogodhelpedMengTsungfindtheshoot.c.MengTsunglookedafterhismotherwellalldayandallnight.d.MengTsungcookedsoupforhismother.e.MengTsungcriedfornotfindingnewshoots.A.c-a-e-b-d B.a-c-e-d-b C.c-a-b-e-d D.a-c-b-e-d15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Ofallthekindness,loveforparentscomesfirst.5Whatisthehottesttopicatyourschool?InHangzhouYongjinMiddleSchool,it’smoney.Theschoolhadanactivitycalled“makingaliving”recently.About800Junior1andJunior2studentsweredividedinto112teams.Theywentouttomakemoneybysellingthings.Whatdidtheychoosetosell?Somesoldnewspapers;somechosebottledwater;somesoldenvironmentallyfriendlyshoppingbagsandbamboobaskets.Huqi’steamdecidedtoselleducationalbooksinfrontoftheChildrenActivityCentre.Theythoughtparentswouldliketobuybooksfortheirchildren.Butunfortunately,theycameacrossurbanmanagementofficers（城管）.Theofficersaskedthemtoleave.“Weplayedhide-and-seekwiththeofficersforthewholemorning,”saidHu.“Finallywegaveupandmovedtootherplace”.WangYongyiandherteamsoldicecreaminasquare.Theydidn’tmeetanyofficers.Butfewpeoplewereinterestedinwhattheywereselling.Theteamthenputupaboardsayingthemoneywastohelpthe“ProjectHope”forcountrykids.Itworked.Morepeoplecametotheirstall.Aforeignerevengavethem100yuan.MengZhaoxiangandhisteamwereluckier.Theysoldalltheircakesinfourhours,spending39.5yuanandgettingback80yuan.“Itwasnoteasytomakethemoney,”saidMeng.“Somepeoplejustlooked.Othersjusttastedbutdidn’tbuy.NowIknowhowharditisforourparentstoearnthemoneyweneedtoleadhappylives.”16.ThestudentsinHangzhouYongjinMiddleSchoolhadanactivityabout________.A.earningmoney B.passingexams C.helpingProjectHope D.sellingbooks17.Whotookpartintheactivity?A.Allthestudents. B.About800studentsofthethreegrades。C.Someteachers. D.PartofJunior1andJunior2students.18.WhydidmorepeoplecometoWangYongyi’sstallatlast?A.Theteamputupamagicbox. B.Thepeoplelikedtohelpcountrykids.C.Aforeignercameupandhelpedthem. D.Thepeoplewereinterestedintheiricecream.19.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthestorythat________.A.aforeignerevengavethem80yuanB.Huqi’steamgotlittlemoneythewholemorningC.WangYongyiandherteamsoldnewspapersinasquareD.theurbanmanagementofficerswantedtohelpthemwithProjectHope20.Accordingtothepassage,thestudentslearn________.A.it’simpossibleforthemtomakemoneyB.it’snecessaryforschooltoholdmoreactivitiesC.it’sveryimportantforthemtomakealivingD.it’snoteasyfortheirparentstomakemoney二、阅读回答问题ThisisnotrealChineseqinggong,butanintangibleculturalheritage:ChineseBambooDrifting.24-year-oldYangLiufromGuizhouisverygoodatit.Shecanstandonanine-meter-longbambooonwater.WhenYangLiuwassevenyearsold,shestartedpracticingbamboodriftingwithhergrandmother.Shepracticedallyearround,inwintercoldandsummerhot.“IfellinthewatermanytimeswhenIwaspracticing,”shesaid.YangLiualsolovesdancingandstartedtolearndancingattheageofthree.Onedayhergrandmothercameupwithanidea,“Whynottrytocombinedancewithbamboodrifting?Itmightbesomethingdifferent.”Butitisnoteasy,asYangLiuputsit,“Ihavetopracticeeverymoveatleast300times.”In2020,YangLiustartedtoputthevideosofherperformanceonDouyinandBilibili.ThroughtheInternet,alotofpeoplecometoknowherandbamboodrifting.Theythinkit’sareallyamazingskill.“Iwantittogototheworld,sothatmorepeoplearoundtheworldwilllikeChineseculture.”YangLiusaid.Answerthequestions.21.HowoldwasYangLiuwhenshestartedpracticingbamboodrifting?____________________________________________________________________22.Whocameupwiththeideaofcombiningdancewithbamboodrifting?____________________________________________________________________23.WhydoesYangLiuwantbamboodriftingtogototheworld?_____________________________________________________________________24.WhatdoyouthinkofYangLiu’sskillofbamboodrifting?_____________________________________________________________________三、完形填空1Haveyoueverwatchedthedragondance?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutdragondance?Todaywewillsaysomethingaboutit.Dragonsarea(n)____25____ofChinaandthedragondanceisaformoftraditionaldanceinChineseculture.Inthedance,ateamofpeople____26____thedragonandperformwonderfuldances.____27____theliondance,thedragondanceismostoftenseeninfestivalsandcelebrations.____28____,thedragonsaremadeofwood,bambooandaspecialkindofcloth.Sotheyarealwaysquite____29____.However,inmoderntimes,thedragonsaremuchlighterbecausetheyaremadeofmuchlighter____30____.Adragoncanbeof____31____lengths(长度).Itcanbefrom25to35metersforforacrobatic(杂技的)acts,____32____upto50to70meterslongforquitelargeparades(游行).People____33____thatthelongerthedragonis,themoreluckitwillbring.Usually,asmallgroupcannot_____34_____averylongdragon.Whenthedragonislong,itbecomesheavy,too.Atthistime,thedragondance_____35_____greatstrengthandspecialskills.Thedragondance_____36_____duringtheHanDynastyandwasstartedbytheChinesewhohadgreatrespectfordragons.Thedragondancewasalreadyapopular_____37_____bySongDynasty.Atthattime,peoplecouldoftensee_____38_____duringimportantfestivals.InTheQingDynasty,theDragonDanceTeamofFuzhouwasinvitedtogivea_____39_____inBeijing,whichgavetheemperorgreatsatisfaction!25.A.symbol B.animal C.character D.example26.A.divide B.hide C.carry D.heat27.A.Through B.Like C.For D.To28.A.Actually B.Traditionally C.Suddenly D.Recently29.A.heavy B.short C.small D.old30.A.instruments B.products C.projects D.materials31.A.medium B.different C.great D.similar32.A.but B.so C.and D.as33.A.believe B.wonder C.mention D.promise34.A.trade B.check C.control D.list35.A.returns B.reminds C.repeats D.requires36.A.failed B.began C.spread D.changed37.A.course B.exam C.event D.object38.A.it B.us C.him D.them39.A.speech B.performance C.message D.report2Paper-makingisoneof____40____inventionsinancientChina.ItwassaidthatCaiLun____41____paper-makingin105ADduringtheHanDynasty(202BC-220AD).Beforethatpeopleusuallywroteonbamboooronpiecesofsilk.However,____42____wasveryheavy,anditishardto____43____.____44____silkwasverylight,itwastooexpensive.CaiLunhadanideatoimprovethepaper-makingfromthebarkoftrees,piecesofclothandfishingnets.Fromthenon,thepaperofMarquisCai(蔡侯纸)wasinuse____45____.In1979,ancientpaperpiecesfromtheXuanquanzhiruins(遗址)ofDunhuanginChina’sGansuProvinceclearlysuggestedthat____46____wasinusebythe____47____Chinesearmiesmorethan100yearsbeforeCaiLun,in8BC.ItthereforewouldappearthatCaiLun’scontribution(贡献)wastoimprovethe____48____forpaper-making.CaiLundeservestheplaceofhonourinChinesehistoryforhisroleinhelpingdevelopan_____49_____materialforhiscountry.40.A.great B.greatest C.thegreatest D.greater41.A.invented B.developed C.discovered D.produced42.A.silk B.stone C.shell D.bamboo43.A.carry B.take C.bring D.get44.A.Because B.So C.Although D.But45.A.anywhere B.everywhere C.nowhere D.somewhere46.A.paper B.bone C.silk D.stone47.A.modern B.traditional C.ancient D.popular48.A.ability B.skill C.talent D.advantage49.A.important B.importance C.different D.difference四、语法填空EachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Theseusuallytrytoshowthethingswhichareimportantinlife,suchaslove,beautyandfamily.Themostcommonthings,frompapertoclaytobamboo,areturnedintoobjectsofbeauty.AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeLiang.Hesentthemouttoaskforhelpwhen____50____trouble.Today,skylanternsareusedatfestivalsandothercelebrations.They____51____(make)ofbambooandcoveredwithpaper.Whenthelanternsare____52____(light),theyslowlyriseintotheairlikesmallhot-airballoonsforalltosee.Theyareseenasbrightsymbolsof____53____(happy)andgoodwishes.Papercutting____54____(be)aroundforover1,500years.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasy____55____itcanbedifficulttomake.Thepaper,usuallyred,isfoldedbeforeitiscutwith____56____(scissor).Themostcommonpicturesareflowers,animal,andthingsaboutChinesehistory.DuringtheSpringFestival,theyareputonwindows,doorsandwalls____57____symbolsofwishesforgoodluckandahappynewyear.Chineseclayartisfamousbecausetheclaypiecesaresosmallbuttheylookveryreal.ThepiecesareusuallycutechildrenorlivelycharactersfromaChinesefairytaleorhistoricalstory.Thepiecesare____58____(careful)shapedbyhandfromaveryspecialkindofclayandthenallowedtoair-dry.Theyarethenpolishedandp