长沙中考英语综合模拟测试卷试卷+答案

【文库独家】2020长沙市初中毕业学业水平模拟考试英语(含答案全解全析)(满分:120分;考试时间:120分钟)Ⅰ.听力技能(略)Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共20小题,计20分)第一节语法填空从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共10小题,计10分)21.MissSmith,anAmericanlady,hastaughtEnglishforthreeyears.

A.we B.us C.our22.—willyouflytoBeijing?

—Intwodays.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howsoon23.—IthinkI’lltakeabustothemeeting.—Thebus?Ifyou,youwillbelate.

A.do B.havedone C.willdo24.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieZootopia?—Hmm...IthinkitismoviethatIhaveeverseentheseyears.

A.agood B.abetter C.thebest25.—Yourcoatfitsyouwell.—Thankyou.IitwhenIwasonvacation.

A.havebought B.buy C.bought26.—Didyouwinthegameyesterday?—Notreally.wealltriedourbest,welostit.

A.If B.Though C.Unless27.—Finally,theycameback.—Theybehungryaftersuchalongwalk.

A.can’t B.must C.needn’t28.—Jane’sspokenEnglishisprettygood.—Yeah,sheworkshardandpracticesitbothinandoutofclass.

A.spoke B.tospoke C.speaking29.—Whatareyoudoing,Tim?—IamlisteningtothesongLongLivemakesmefeelexcited.

A.which B.who C./30.Nowsmartphonesinmanywaysinourdailylife.

A.areused B.isused C.areusing第二节词语填空通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。(共10小题,计10分)Doyoubelievethatwecanhaveanimportantinfluenceonanyonewemeet?Therightwordsatjusttherighttimecould31someone’slife.

WhenIwas3yearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwas32.Afteraskingmanydoctorsandparentsofotherdeafchildren,theydecidednottoputmeinaspecialschool.AlthoughIseemedoutgoing,myself-esteem(自尊心)wasquitelow.Onmyfirstdayatschool,theotherkids33mebecauseofmyhearingaidandthewayItalked.IwashurtdeeplyandIsawmyselfasa(n)34kid.

Mrs.Green,my35,changedallofthatwithasinglethree-wordphrase.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Sittingatmydesksilently,I36herlips(嘴唇)andraisedmyhandrightaway.Shecalledonmeinfrontoftheblackboard.Itookadeepbreathand37answeredMrs.Green’squestion.

Iwill38forgetwhathappenednext.Mrs.Greenpointeddirectlyatme.Withsparkling(闪光的)eyesandabigsmileshecried:“That’sright,Ben!”

Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,myconfidence(自信)rose.Atthatmoment,Idecidedthatnomatterhowmany39Imayface,Icanovercome(克服)them.Thankstothosethree40words,mywholelifechangedfromthatmoment.

31.A.end B.change C.lose32.A.blind B.deaf C.fat33.A.madefunof B.tookcareof C.madefriendswith34.A.ugly B.smart C.handsome35.A.driver B.doctor C.teacher36.A.read B.touched C.reached37.A.nervously B.lazily C.carelessly38.A.often B.ever C.never 39.A.aims B.difficulties C.interests40.A.unkind B.bitter C.simple Ⅲ.阅读技能(三部分,共25小题,计50分)第一节图表理解阅读下列图表,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共5小题,计10分)ASmartKidsClubFridays&Sundays5:00pmto6:30pmIntheschoollibraryForagegroups:5—10yearsold$2.00eachweekRegister(登记):inthegymContact(联系):SmartKidsClub2@41.SmartKidsClubisopentothemembers.

A.at6:00amonFridaysB.at5:00pmonSaturdaysC.at5:30pmonSundays42.IfMrs.Black’stwindaughtersof8bothjointheclub,howmuchshouldshepayeachweek?A.$2. B.$4. C.$16.BThemeParksUniversalStudios(环球影城)—adreamlandforHollywoodmoviefansThehistoryofmovies,theliveshowsandfilmtricks(技巧)canbefoundhereandithasparksintheUSA,JapanandSingapore.Legoland—aworldmadeofLegobricks(乐高积木)You’llbesentbacktoyourchildhoodtimebythebuildingsanddollsmadeofLegobricksandtherearesevenLegolandparksintheworldandtheonenearesttousisinMalaysia.FerrariWorld—aparadise(乐园)forcarloversYoucanexperiencethefeelingofdrivingaFerrari(法拉利)carandseehowFerrari’sracingcarsareproducedinAbuDhabi.43.Lucyisinterestedinfilmmaking.Whichparkcouldbethebestchoiceforher?A.UniversalStudios. B.Legoland. C.FerrariWorld.44.WhileanadultisvisitingLegoland,whatwillprobablybethoughtabout?A.Hisorherchildhood.B.Hisorherpresent.C.Hisorherfuture.45.Accordingtothechart(图表),weknowthat.

A.wecanvisitUniversalStudiosonlyinAmericaB.thebuildingsanddollsatLegolandaremadeofLegobricksC.wecangetFerraricarsforfreewhenwevisitFerrariWorld第二节短文理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共15小题,计30分)ATheLanternFestivalfallsonthe15thofthefirstmonthofthelunarcalendar(阴历).Thisdayisalwaysthefirstfullmooninthenewyear.AncientpeoplealsocalleditShangyuanFestival.CelebrationsandtraditionsonthisdaybeganfromtheHanDynasty(朝代)andbecamepopularintheTangDynasty.Watchingtheredlanternsisoneofthemaintraditions.Lanternsofdifferentshapesandsizesareusuallyputontrees,oralongriverbanksonshow.ItissaidthatskylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenhewasintrouble.Today,whenthelanternsslowlyriseintotheair,peoplemakewishes.Anothertraditionisguessinglanternriddles.Theriddlesareusuallyshort,wise,andsometimeshumorous.TheanswertoariddlecanbeaChinesecharacter(汉字),afamousperson’sname,oraplacename.Themostimportantthingistoeatsweetdumplingswithdifferenttastes.InnorthernChina,theyarecalledyuanxiaowhileinsouthernpartthey’renamedtangyuan.Becausemakingsweetdumplingsislikeagameoranactivity,theyareusuallydonehappilybyagroupoffriendsorfamilymembers.Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic(浪漫的).Watchinglanternsgaveyoungpeopleachancetomeeteachother.AlinefromXinQiji,apoetduringtheSongDynasty,showsthis:HundredsandthousandsoftimesIsearchedforherinthecrowd.SuddenlyIturned,andthereshestood,inthedim(昏暗的)light.46.Thetraditionalfestivaltalkedaboutinthispassageiscalled“”inChinese.

A.春节 B.元宵节 C.端午节 47.WhendidcelebrationsandtraditionsoftheLanternFestivalstartfrom?A.TheHanDynasty.B.TheTangDynasty.C.TheSongDynasty.48.WhatwereskylanternsfirstusedforbyZhugeKongminginancienttimes?A.Makingwishes.B.Celebratingbirthdays.C.Askingforhelp.49.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutsweetdumplings?A.Theyhavedifferenttastes.B.Theyarenamed“yuanxiao”alloverthecountry.C.Peopleenjoytheprocessofmakingthem.50.ThelinefromXinQijiinthepassageshowstheLanternFestivalwasinoldtimes.

A.boring B.humorous C.romanticBWhyiscleanwatersoimportanttodevelopingcountries?Arecentreportshowsthatabout80percentofdiseasesindevelopingcountriesarecausedbypoorwaterandlowsanitation(卫生)conditions.Inthosecountries,womenandgirlsspendseveralhourscollectingwater,butoftenpolluted,farawayfromtheirfamilies.Thepollutedwatermoreorlessinfluencestheirhealth.Inthiscase,thereisanurgent(迫切的)needforpeopleindevelopingcountriestohaveaccessto(有机会或权利使用)cleanwatertoimprovetheirhealth.HereisashortstoryaboutHadjaraZakari,a12-year-oldgirlinNiger.Havingaccesstocleanwaterchangedherlife.Shelearnedabouttheimportanceofhand-washingwhentheschoolfirstreceivedcleanwaterthreeyearsago.Thatevening,shetoldherfather,“Youshouldn’teatwithmeunlessyoucleanyourhands.”Herfatherwasveryangryandshoutedather,“It’snotuptoyoutotellmewhattodo!”Stunned(目瞪口呆的),Hadjarasatinsilence.Butsheknewshewasright.Inprotest,Hadjararefusedtoeatdinnerthatnight.AfterherfatherquestionedHadjara’sheadteacher,heunderstoodtheimportanceofhand-washingandhisdaughter’sintentions(目的).Thegirlreallywantedherfamilytolivelongerandhealthierlives.Forpeopleindevelopingcountries,cleanwatercanchangemanythings,especiallyimprovetheirhealth.So,fromnowon,let’savoidwastingwaterandtakeactiontosavewater,whichisimportanttopeopleallovertheworld.51.Accordingtotherecentreport,poorwaterandlowsanitationconditionscancause.

A.trafficproblemsB.forestfiresC.manyillnesses52.Thekeytoimprovingpeople’shealthindevelopingcountriesisinParagraph1.

A.togetcleanwaterB.toexerciseoftenC.torefusedrugs53.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromParagraph2?A.Hadjaralaughedatherfather’sfoolishness.B.Hadjararefusedtoeatdinnerthatnightinordertoloseweight.C.Hadjara’sfatherunderstoodhisdaughter’sloveandcareforhimlater.54.Theunderlinedword“protest”inthispassagemeans.

A.抗议 B.保护 C.节约55.Thepurposeofthewriteristo.

A.teachpeoplehowtowashhandsB.callonpeopleallovertheworldtosavewaterC.showdevelopingcountriesrichincleanwaterCItwasaChristmasnight.Iwasanunluckynursewhohadtoworkonsuchabeautifulfestival.WhenIwascomplaining(抱怨)aboutit,threepeopleappearedatmydesk—atiredwomanandtwochildren.“Areyouallsick?”Iaskeddoubtfullybecausetheyseemedallright.“Yes,”thewomanansweredweaklyandloweredherhead.Butwhentheystartedtopresenttheirproblems,thingsbecameunclear.Onechildhadafever,buthistemperaturewasOK.Theotherchildhadanearache,butshecouldnottellmewhichearhurt.Itseemedthatthemotherwaspretending(假装)tocough.Somethingwaswrong.ButIonlyexplainedthatitmighttakeawhilebeforeadoctorcouldmeetthem.“Takeyourtime,please,”saidthemother.Icheckedtheircharts—noaddress.SuddenlyIknew,theywerehomelesswhilethehospitalwaswarm.Thefamilyhuddled(蜷缩)togetherundertheChristmastree,smilingandtalkingwitheachothersweetly.Quietly,Iwentbacktothenurses’stationandtoldthemwhathappenedinthewaitingroom.ItwasjustliketheGodsendingusagiftonChristmasDay.Thenurses’stationsuddenlycamebacktolife.Allthenurseswentintoactionfor“aChristmasemergency(急诊)”.WetookoutourmealsforourChristmas“patients”.Wealsoputtogetherorangesandapplesaspresents.WetriedtoexceedtheneedsofafamilywhoonlywantedawarmplaceonChristmasnight.Later,thelittlegirlkissedmeandsaid,“Thanksforbeingourangel(天使).”56.Beforethefamilyappearedinthehospital,thewriterwasvery.

A.proud B.unhappy C.pleased57.Thefamilycametothehospitalbecause.

A.theycametovisitapatientB.theywereallsickC.theywerehomeless58.Thenursesofferedthefamilymealsandgiftsinorderto.

A.makethemfeelathomeB.makethemleaveC.makethemfeelupset59.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exceed”inthepassagemean?A.降低 B.超出 C.拒绝60.Fromthestory,welearnthat.

A.homelesspeopleoftentellliesB.ahospitalisagoodplacetospendChristmasnightC.weshouldalwaysbefriendlyandkindtothoseinneed第三节阅读表达阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。(共5小题,计10分)Franceiswellknownforitsfineart,tastyfoodandromanticscenery(风景).About75millionvisitorscomehereeveryyear.FranceisthelargestcountryinWesternEurope.Ithasapopulationofover66million.Thecountryishometomanyfamousplacesofinterest,liketheRiverSeineaswellastheEiffelTower.Manyvisitorsalsocomeforthecountry’sart.Sculptor(雕刻家)AugusteRodinandpainterClaudeMonetoncecreatedtheirgreatworkshere.IfyouvisitFrancetoday,itisnotasurprisetomeetstreetartistsinthecityorcomeacrossasingerinthesubway.NovisittoParisiscompletewithoutatriptoLouvre,oneofthelargestandmostfamousmuseumsintheworld.Inside,thereare35,000worksofart,suchasthepaintingMonaLisabyDaVinciandthestatue(雕塑)DavidbyMichelangelo.Itwouldtakeninemonthstoenjoyallthepieces.Besides,Frenchfoodisworldfamous.BreadisveryimportantinFrance.ThebestknownFrenchbreadiscalledabaguette(法棍面包).Theyarelong,deliciousandtastesalty.Snails(蜗牛)arealsoamust-havehere.Frenchpeopleeat40,000tonsofsnailseveryyear!ButFranceisnotalwaysgood.Paris,thecityoflight,mayalsoshowitsdarksidetovisitors.ChinesevisitorsfeelsorryaboutthecrowdedsubwayinParis.61.HowmanyvisitorscometoFranceeveryyear?62.Isitcommontomeetstreetartistsinthecity?63.WhocreatedthefamouspaintingMonaLisa?64.Besidesbread,whatfoodisalsoamust-haveforFrenchpeople?65.WhydoChinesevisitorsfeelsorryaboutthesubwayinParis?Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11小题,计30分)第一节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题,计10分)ReadinganEnglishnewspaperisagoodwaytoimproveastudent’slanguageability.AstherearemanyusefulandcommonwordsinanEnglishnewspaper,itmayhelpstudentsincreasetheirvocabulary(词汇量)aswellasimprovetheirreadingskills.66.他们可以从报纸上学到新的知识。ButwhatistheproperwaytoreadanEnglishnewspaper?Dostudentsneedtolookoverallthecontent(内容)ofthenewspaper?Thefirststepistochoosearightnewspaperwithgoodlanguage.Thenturntothefrontpageandreadtheheadlines(标题)toknowwhathashappened.Asthemostimportantthingsareputonthefrontpage,it’seasytofindoutwhatyou’reinterestedinandthenturntothepagetoreaditcompletely.67.Thereisnoneedtogothroughallthearticles.

Secondly,readnewspaperseveryday.Rememberwordsthroughcontext(上下文),inwhichthesewordsmayappearrepeatedly.68.Oncetheyappearseveraltimes,youwillrememberthemeasily.Don’tlookupeveryunknownwordinyourdictionary.Youcantrytoguessthemeaningbetweensentences.69.如果你的猜测错了,不要放弃。Keepreading,andyouwillbecomefamiliarwiththewordsafterreadingthemseveraltimesindifferenttexts.

ReadingEnglishnewspapersmakesusknowledgeable.70.Itcannotonlyhelpusknowwhatishappeningintheworldbutalsoimproveourlanguage.

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第二节情景交际通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。(共5小题,计10分)A:Hey,Peter!Youlooktired.71?

B:Ididn’tgetenoughsleeplastnight.A:Wereyoujustdoingyourhomeworklastnight?B:72.Mountainsofhomework,math,chemistry,Chinese...Ididn’tfinishituntilmidnight.

A:Poorguy!Nowonderyoudon’tlookwell.B:Youknow,lesssleepisbadformyhealth.Iamnotasenergeticasbefore.73?

A:Sure.Iadviseyoutomakeaplanbeforedoingyourhomework.Firstthingsfirst.Andyou’dbetterdosomeoutdoorsports.B:74.Iamgoingtofollowyouradvice.Thankyou.

A:Um...Ifyouaretoobusyonweekdays,justrelaxyourselfatweekends.B:Weekends?Nokidding.Ihavetotakeafter-schoolclassesatweekends.A:Youdo?75?

B:Becausemyparentswantmetogetintoagoodhighschool.A:Yes.Iguessthatisthereason.Perhapsyoushouldtalktothemandexplainthathealthisthemostimportant.B:Youareright.Thanksforallthegoodadvice.I’lltrytotalktothem.第三节书面表达(计10分)76.假如你是李华,你的好朋友Lisa不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰了,她为这次失败所困扰,无心学习。请你给她写一封电子邮件,建议她正确地看待达人秀节目,享受参与的过程而不必太在意结果;提醒她实现梦想的途径有很多,只有努力才能获得成功;鼓励她好好学习,也不放弃个人爱好,开心地度过每一天。要求:(1)包含以上所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;(2)字数:60—80词(信的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数);(3)信中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。答案全解全析Ⅱ.知识运用第一节语法填空21.B句意:Smith小姐,一位美国女士,已经教我们英语三年了。本题考查代词的用法。在teachsb.sth.结构中动词后的人称代词应使用宾格形式。故答案为B。评析误选C的学生是受到中式思维的影响。认为句子为教某人的英语,故选择形容词性物主代词。误选A的学生是没有分清楚动词后应加代词宾格还是主格。22.C句意:——你将什么时候飞往北京?——两天之后。本题考查特殊疑问词组。howlong多长时间;howoften多久一次;howsoon多久以后。根据答语可知答案为C。23.A句意:我想我将乘坐公共汽车去开会。——公共汽车?如果你这么做,你将迟到。本题考查时态。由if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故答案为A。24.C句意:——你认为电影《疯狂动物城》怎么样?——嗯……我想它是这些年我看过的最好的电影了。本题考查形容词最高级。形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故答案为C。25.C句意:——你的外套很适合你。——谢谢。我度假的时候买的。本题考查动词时态。由从句可知时态为过去时。故答案为C。评析该题难度较大,既考查了主句的时态,也需要学生能准确区分过去时和现在完成时。解题关键在于现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间连用。26.B句意:——你昨天的比赛赢了吗?——没有。虽然我们都尽力了,但我们还是输了。本题考查连词。if如果;though虽然;unless除非。根据句意可知,答案为B。27.B句意:——最终,他们回来了。——步行这么长时间他们一定饿了。本题考查情态动词。can’t不能;must必须,一定;needn’t不需要。根据句意可知答案为B。28.C句意:——Jane的英语口语真是很不错。——是的,她努力学习并且在课上和课下都练习它。本题考查非谓语动词。practice后跟动名词作宾语。故答案为C。29.A句意:——Tim,你在干什么?——我在听让我感觉兴奋的LongLive。本题考查定语从句。关系词的选择由先行词来决定。当先行词为物,且在定语从句中作主语时,用关系词which或that。故答案为A。评析本题考查定语从句的关系词。关系词的选择由先行词决定。学生如果不能正确判断出先行词,会影响答案的选择。30.A句意:现在智能电话被应用于我们日常生活的很多方面。本题考查被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成。主语为复数形式,be动词选用are。故答案为A。第二节词语填空[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。文章讲述了一个由于听力不好而缺乏自信的孩子在老师的帮助下找回自信,改变自己人生的故事。31.B结合实际可知,对的话在对的时间可以改变一个人的一生。故答案为B。end结束;change改变;lose失去。32.B由下文“在询问许多医生和其他失聪儿童的父母后”可知该句为父母发现我是一个聋子。故选B。blind瞎的;deaf聋的;fat胖的。33.A根据下文提到的作者很受伤可知,作者在学校里被同学取笑。故答案为A。makefunof取笑;takecareof照顾;makefriendswith和……交朋友。34.A根据文章内容,作者由于听力问题被同学嘲笑,所以自我评价也是较为负面的。故答案为A。ugly丑的;smart聪明的;handsome帅气的。35.C由全文可知,改变作者一生的是他的老师。故答案为C。driver司机;doctor医生;teacher老师。36.A由语境可知,作者作为失聪的儿童,通过读老师的唇语来明白意思,B、C项均不符合语境,故答案为A。read读;touch触摸;reach到达。37.A根据前文Itookadeepbreath可知作者回答老师的提问时,感到紧张。故答案为A。nervously紧张地;lazily懒地;carelessly粗心地。38.C由语境可知,作者对改变自己一生的那天是不能忘记的。故选C。often常常;ever曾经;never从不。39.B由句意可知,在那一刻作者决定无论遇到多少困难都会克服。aim目标;difficulty困难;interest兴趣。40.C由文章内容可知,老师是通过3个简单的词,让作者重新找到自信。A、B项均不符合语境,故答案为C。unkind不友好的;bitter苦的;simple简单的。[长难句]Afteraskingmanydoctorsandparentsofotherdeafchildren,theydecidednottoputmeinaspecialschool.在询问许多医生和其他失聪儿童的父母后,他们决定不把我送去特殊学校。该句为简单句,after在……之后,介词,后接动名词短语作宾语。decidetodosth./decidenottodosth.决定做某事/决定不做某事。Ⅲ.阅读技能第一节图表理解A[语篇解读]本文属于应用文。介绍了有关儿童俱乐部的情况。41.C细节理解题。由图表内容可知,开放时间为星期五和星期天的下午5点到6点半。故答案为C。42.B推理判断题。由图表内容可知,一个孩子每周需2美元。题干中提到twindaughters,故需要4美元。答案为B。B[语篇解读]本文介绍了三个主题公园各自的主题内容。43.A细节理解题。Lucy对电影制作感兴趣,故选择环球影城。答案为A。44.A细节理解题。成年人参观Legoland,他/她会想起自己的童年。故答案为A。45.B细节理解题。环球影城在美国、日本和新加坡都有,故A项是错误的。B选项中提到建筑和玩偶都是由乐高积木制作的,与原文一致。C选项中提到的免费得到法拉利汽车在原文里没有出现。故选B。第二节短文理解A[语篇解读]本文为说明文。从起源、传统游戏和食物等方面介绍中国的传统节日——元宵节。46.B主旨大意题。文章谈论的节日是中国的元宵节。故答案为B。47.A细节理解题。由文章第一段可知,元宵节起源于汉代。48.C细节理解题。由文章第二段中的skylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongmingtoaskforhelpwhenhewasintrouble可知,诸葛孔明在陷入困境时放天灯是为了寻求帮助。49.B细节理解题。由文章第四段中的InnorthernChina,theyarecalledyuanxiaowhileinsouthernpartthey’renamedtangyuan.可知sweetdumplings既可以叫汤圆也可以叫元宵,故选B。50.C推理判断题。boring无聊的;humorous幽默的;romantic浪漫的。文章结尾引用了辛弃疾的诗“众里寻她千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在灯火阑珊处”。体现了节日的浪漫。故选C。评析本文对中国的传统节日元宵节做了非常详细的介绍,这对于学生了解传统文化很有帮助。文章结尾使用了耳熟能详的诗文,更让学生从英文的角度充分感受到中国诗词的美。B[语篇解读]本篇为夹叙夹议的文章,讲述了发展中国家的人们因为用水困难,导致多种疾病,甚至威胁生命。因此鼓励大家节约用水。51.C细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知,大约80%的疾病都是由缺水和卫生条件差造成的。52.A细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知,改善人们健康状况的关键是得到干净的水。53.C推理判断题。由文章第二段可知答案。Hadjara并没有嘲笑父亲,Hadjara拒绝和父亲一起吃饭是因为父亲吃饭前没有洗手,故A、B是错误的。C选项“后来Hadjara的父亲明白了女儿对他的爱和关心”是正确的。54.A词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,Hadjara以拒绝和父亲一起吃饭作为对父亲不洗手的抗议,protest意为“抗议”。故选A。55.B主旨大意题。作者的目的是呼吁大家节约用水。[长难句]Arecentreportshowsthatabout80percentofdiseasesindevelopingcountriesarecausedbypoorwaterandlowsanitationconditions.最近一份报告显示在发展中国家大约80%的疾病都是由缺水和卫生条件差造成的。该句为复合句。主句为Arecentreportshows,宾语从句about