(完整)英语考试重点

TranslationUnit16､因为穷人连饭都吃不饱便认为他们不需要义务教育的看法完全是一种错误的想法｡没有教育人们怎能克服贫穷?Itisacompletemisconceptionthatthepoordonotneedcompulsoryeducationbecausetheydonotevenhaveenoughtofeedon.Withouteducation,howcanpeopleeverovercometheirpoverty?8､很明显,她拒绝他的求婚给了他沉重的打击,但他最终还是从痛苦中恢复了过来｡Itwasobviousthatherrejectionofhisproposalhithimhard,butintimeherecoveredfromhiswounds.Unit22､孩子们在儿童节有资格免费进入每一个城市公园｡这是对他们全年长期呆在学校里的一种补偿｡OnChildren’sDay,childrenareentitledtofreeentrytoallcityparks.Thisisawayofcompensatingthemforthelonghourstheyspendinschoolallyear.7､没有任何实际理由要保留为女性开门的那种习俗,更不用说保留“妇女和儿童优先”的传统了｡There’snopracticalreasontoperpetuatethecustomofopeningdoorsforwomen,letalonethetraditionof“womenandchildrenfirst”.Unit31､我们不久就对她无休止地抱怨感到厌倦,并尽量避开她｡Wesoongrewwearyofherconstantcomplaints,andavoidedherasmuchaspossible.3､如果我们有更多的时间可支配,我会带你上这座山｡从山顶上四下观望真令人惊叹｡Ifwehadmoretimeatourdisposal,I’dtakeyouupthismountain.Theviewfromthetopistrulyawe-inspiring.Unit42､我希望我的忠告对处于压力下的学生们会起作用:前面的路充满了不能遇见的机遇｡Ihopemyadvicewillworkwithstudentsunderpressure—theroadaheadisfullofunforeseenopportunities.5､现在的年轻人变得老成,他们确信成就是以拥有多少财产来衡量的｡Youngpeoplenowadaysaregrowingupold,withtheconvictionthatachievementismeasuredbyhowmanypossessionsoneowns.Unit53､我千里迢迢到纽约来看他,结果却发现他两天前出国了｡IcametoNewYorkfromfarawaytoseehim,onlytofindthathehadgoneabroadtwodaysbefore.7､他们拒绝给他进入这个国家的签证,理由是他是个危险分子｡Hewasrefusedanentrypermittothiscountryonthegroundsthathewasadangerousperson.Unit61､我真希望你对这一件事能采取一种更加通情达理的态度｡Iwishyoucouldadoptamorereasonableattitudetowardstheevent.4､在他过世五十年之后,他的成就才为社会所承认｡Itwas50yearsafterhisdeaththathisaccomplishmentswereacknowledgedbysociety.VocabularyUnit11.Doyouthinkthatmakingmusicandartcompulsorysubjectsinschoolswouldreducesomechildren’senjoymentofthem?2.Bob’soneofthosepeoplewhorelishriskanddanger—he’dbeboredinasafe,steadyjob.3.Elizabethiscertainlytalentedenoughtosucceedinhercareer;shejustdoesn’thaveenoughconfidenceinherownabilities.4.I’msorryyou’reintrouble,butasyoumadeyourdecisiononyourownyou’lljusthavetofacetheconsequences.5.Manyeducatorswouldbedelightedtoabolishexams,buttheyalsoworrythatwithoutthemtherewouldbetoolittleincentiveforstudentstoworkhard.6.Theteacheraccidentallyhittheboy’shandwithaneraserandwashenceforthknownas“Dead-EyeBean”.7.IfIhadmoney,I’dinvestitallinInternetcompanies.8.Psychologistssaythatourbehaviorisinfluencedbymanyfactorstoosubtleforustoconsciouslyperceive.9.He’salwayshadapassionforbooks.Ifhecouldworkinalibrary,itwouldbeadreamcometrue.10.Lookatthosethreewhisperinginthecorneragain—they’reschemingsomething,Ijustdon’tknowwhat!Unit21.Inahealthyrelationship,thepartners’strengthsabilitiescomplementeachother,ratherthanbeingidentical.2.Millionsofdollarsandlotsoffamousactorsarenotindispensabletotheproductionofasuccessfulfilm,buttheyhelp!3.IneverfeltIhadarighttoexpectanyspecialprivilegesbecauseofmyuniversityeducation.4.ThemarketingstrategythatEdwardproposedwouldbebrilliantifonlyhehadn’tforgottenaboutgoodbusinessethics.5.It’struethatnothavingacarimposessomeconstraints,butowningonealsocomplicateslifeinmanyways.6.AccordingtoChineselaw,everychildisentitledtonineyearsoffreeeducation.7.Lifeshouldconsistofmorethanjustastruggleforsurvival.8.Thesightofthehelplesschildarousedhermaternalinstinct.9.Thewinnersofthecontestwerechosenrandomly;noconsiderationwasgiventoage,genderorincome.10.Hehaslosttheuseofhislimbsbutheisstillinpossessionofallhisfaculty.11.Pleasegivethehighestprioritytothisveryurgentmatter.12.SheenjoyedpartsofhertriptoIndia,butsaidshefoundthepovertyshesawthereratherdepressing.Unit31.Colorsoftenhavesymbolicmeaningsthatvaryfromculturetoculture.2.AlltheyearsthathavepassedhavenotdimmedmymemoryofourfirstgloriousautumninBeijing.3.Hismostrecentessayfocusesontheproblemsthatpeopleconfrontineverydaylife.4.Hisfailureinbusinesswasduenotsomuchtomisfortuneastohisownmistakes.5.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsconcerningourproducts,pleasefeelfreetocontactourcustomerservicedepartment.6.Myboss’smoodschangeveryquickly;onemomenthe’slight-heartedandcheerful,andthenexthehateseverythingandeverybody.7.Christyisbright,creativeandquicktoassimilatenewideas.8.Shelovestositonthehillaloneatnight,gazingatthestarsandponderingthemysteriesoflife.9.Theseeducationaltoysgivechildrenafeelingofself-worthbyarousingtheirinterestinchallengingtasks.10.Despitewidespreadpublicrecognitionoftheworseningairqualityintheseareas,littlehasbeendonetocontrolairpollution.11.Thehumanbodyhasgreatself-healingpowers,andsometimesallitneedstoovercomeamildillnessisrestandahealthydiet.12.Dogsandwolvesrelyontheirkeensenseofsmelltofindfoodandrecognizedanger.Unit4Wheneverystudentimaginesthateveryotherstudentisworkingharderanddoingbetter,stressistheinevitableresult.Itismyfirmconvictionthatviolenceisneverareasonablesolutiontoconflict.Everyonejumpedupwhenapiercingscreamsuddenlybrokethesilence.Inmanyculturesamemorialserviceisajoyfulcelebration,notasolemnevent.Therecessionhasputincreasingpressureonthejobmarket,soemploymentprospectsforthisyear’sgraduatesareunfortunatelyrathergrim.Ifyoukeeptoofirmagriponyourchildren,they’llneverlearntothinkforthemselves.Idon’tknowwhatinducedAlfredtoreadyourletter.Presumablyhethoughtitwasaddressedtohim.Whatareyouthinkingof!?Thismedicineismuchtoopotentforasmallchild!Alargesegmentofthepopulation—reckonedatabout20%—stilltakesspirit-worshipseriously.Beforegoingonacampingtrip,it’swisetomakesureyou’rewellequippedforawiderangeofemergencies.Assoonasthedirectorlefttheroom,Samcommencedentertaininguswithhiswildstories.ItalkedtoAlicelastweek—incidentally,hasshereturnedthebookyoulenther?I’dliketoborrowit,ifyoudon’tmind.Unit51.Politiciansarealwayspromisingtointroducelegislationtoraisesalariesandlowertaxes.2.Thenewpoetrycollectionwascompiledfromawidevarietyofsourcesandincludespoemsfromtwelvecountriesandsevencenturies.3.Everycultureisfullofbeliefsandassumptionsthatmostpeopleneverquestionuntiltheycomeintocontactwithanotherculture.4.ManypeoplewhoemigratetoAmericainhopesofbecomingricharesurprisedathowhardtheyhavetowork.5.Hehasawidecircleofacquaintancesbutveryfewclosefriends6.She’sarenownedtennisplayer,butherrealambitionistobecomeawriter.7.Toavoidconfusion,you’dbetterstartbyexplainingthewholeideafrombeginningtoendinanorderlyway.8.Whenyoutakeasmallchildonalongtrip,youneedtobringlotsofbooksandtoystokeephimorheramused.9.MostvisitorstoShanghaifinditaveryimpressivecity.10.Theyteachatnightschooltosupplementtheirincome,whichotherwisewouldn’tbesufficienttoliveon.Unit61.Whenhefailedtheentranceexam,hisdespairdrovehimtoconsidersuicide.2.Theirvanranintoataxibutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.3.Itwouldtakeyearsforthepainoverherdivorcetofadeaway.4.Thesoldiersvowedtogetrevengefortheircaptain’sdeath.5.Milkbathsareaveryeffectivewaytosoothethepainofminorburnsorinsectbites.6.Whenhishealthfailedandhehadtoclosehisbusiness,itshatteredallhishopesforhisfamily’sfuture.7.Themanwaswealthy,handsomeandpowerful;whyheinsistedondestroyinghislifethroughgamblingdefiedallcomprehension.8.Weneedtohavetheroofrepaired—itleakseverytimeitrains.9.Thewholetripwasanightmare—themotelhadlostourreservation,thenourcarwasstolen,andbesidesthat,theweatherwasterrible.10.Ihadaverystrangedreamlastnight,butonlyrememberafewfragmentsofit.ReadingAloudUnit1Acommonmisconceptionamongyoungstersattendingschoolisthatteacherswerechildprodigies.Whoelsebutabookworm,withnoneofthenormalkid’stendencytoplayratherthanstudy,wouldgrowuptobeateacheranyway?I’vetrieddesperatelytoexplaintomystudentsthattheimagetheyhaveofmeasanenthusiasticdevoteeofbooksandhomeworkduringmyadolescencewasabitoutoffocus.Onthecontrary,Ihatedcompulsoryeducationwithapassion.Icouldneverquiteacceptthenotionofhavingtogotoschoolwhilethefishwerebiting.Unit2Childrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationfortworeasons:helplessnessandinnocence.Theyhavenotyetacquiredeitherthefacultyofreasonorthewisdomofexperience.Consequently,theyaredefenseless(incapableoffendingforthemselves)andblameless(incapableofrealsin).That’swhywegrantthemspecialprotection.Inanemergency,itisourdutytosavethemfirstbecausethey,helpless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands.Andinwartime,theyaresupposedtobeprotectedbyspecialimmunitybecausetheycanhavethreatenedoroffendednoone.Unit3Isincerelybelievethatforchildren,andforparentsseekingtoguidethem,itisnothalfsoimportanttoknowasitistofeel.Iffactsaretheseedsthatlaterproduceknowledgeandwisdom,thentheemotionsandtheimpressionsofthesensesarethefertilesoilinwhichtheseedsmustgrow.Theyearsofearlychildhoodarethetimetopreparethesoil.Oncetheemotionshavebeenaroused—asenseofthebeautiful,theexcitementofthenewandtheunknown,afeelingofsympathy,pity,admirationorlove—thenwewishforknowledgeabouttheobjectofouremotionalresponse.Oncefound,suchknowledgehasfarmorelastingmeaningthanmereinformation.Itismoreimportanttopavethewayforchildren’sdesiretoknowthantoputthemonadietoffactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.Unit4WhatIwishforallstudentsissomereleasefromthegrimgripofthefuture.Iwishthemachancetoenjoyeachsegmentoftheireducationasanexperienceinitselfandnotasatiresomerequirementinpreparationforthenextstep.Iwishthemtherighttoexperiment,totripandfall,tolearnthatdefeatisaseducationalasvictoryandisnottheendoftheworld.Mywish,ofcourse,isnaive.OneofthefewrightsthatAmericadoesnotproclaimistherighttofail.Achievementisthenationalgod,worshippedinourmedia—themillion-dollarathlete,thewealthyexecutive—andglorifiedinourpraiseofpossessions.Inthepresenceofsuchapotentstatereligion,theyoungaregrowingupold.Unit5Americacanbeastrangeexperienceforaforeigner.MywifeandIarrivedintheUnitedStatesinJanuaryaftersevenyearsoverseas—fourinFrance,threeinPoland.Fromthejumbleoffirstimpressions,wecompiledanA-to-ZexplanationofwhyAmericacanbesuchaforeigncountrytothosewhoarriveherefromEurope.IshouldexplainattheoutsetthatIamfromBritain,butmyFlorida-bornwifeLisaisasAmericanasapplepie.Inourlist,however,Adoesn’tstandforapplepie.Itstandsfor:Ambition.IntheOldWorld,peoplearetaughttohideit.Hereit’squitepropertoannouncethatyou’reaftertheboss’sjoborwanttomakeamilliondollarsbytheageof30.Unit6Every23minutesAheartbreaks.Someone’spainshatterstheconfinesofherbody,leakingoutintears,explodingincries,defyingalleffortstosoothethedespair.Sleepoffersnoescapefromthenightmareofawakening.Andmorningbringsonlytheirreversibilityofloss.Every23minutesAdreamends.Someone’sfutureblursandgoesblankasanticipationfadesintonothingness.Thephonewillnotring,thecarwillnotpulluptothehouse.Theweightoftomorrowbecomesunbearableinaworldinwhichallpromiseshavebeenbrokenbyforce.ListeningandSpeakingUnit2PartCOneofthebest-known(1)collectionsofparallelsisbetweenthecareersofAbrahamLincolnandJohnF.Kennedy.Bothwere(2)shotonaFriday,inthe(3)presenceoftheirwives;bothweresucceededbyaSouthernernamedJohnson;boththeirkillerswerethemselveskilledbeforetheycouldbebroughtto(4)justice.LincolnhadasecretarycalledKennedy;KennedyasecretarycalledLincoln.LincolnwaskilledintheFord(5)Theater;KennedymethisdeathwhileridinginaLincolnconvertiblemadebytheFordMotorCompany—andsoon.Similarcoincidencesoften(6)occurbetweentwins.AnewsstoryfromFinlandreportedoftwo70-year-oldtwinbrothersdyingtwohoursapartinseparateaccidents,withbothbeinghitbytruckswhilecrossingthesameroadonbicycles.Accordingtothepolice,thesecond(7)victimcouldnothaveknownabouthisbrother’sdeath,as(8)officershadonlymanagedtoidentifythefirstvictimminutesbeforethesecondaccident.Connectionsarealsofoundbetweenidenticaltwinswhohavebeenseparatedatbirth.DorothyLoweandBridgetHarrisonwereseparatedin1945,anddidnotmeetuntil1979,whentheywereflownoverfromBritainforaninvestigationbyapsychologistattheUniversityofMinnesota.Theyfoundthatwhentheymettheywerebothwearingsevenringsontheirhands,twobraceletsononewrist,awatchandabraceletontheother.(9)Theymarriedonthesameday,hadwornidenticalweddingdressesandcarriedthesameflowers.DorothyhadnamedhersonRichardAndrewandherdaughterCatherineLouise;BridgethadnamedhersonAndrewRichardandherdaughterKarenLouise.Infact,shehadwantedtocallherCatherine.BothhadacatcalledTiger.Theyalsohadastringofsimilarmannerismswhentheywerenervous.(10)Howcanweexplaintheabovesimilarities.Unit9PartCForacenturymuchattachedtonational(1)symbols,Francetooktheimminentdeathofthefranccalmly.Itwasasifan(2)ancientgreat-greatunclewereabouttopassaway:atimefornostalgiaandregret,ratherthan(3)grief.UnliketheGermanmark,thefranchadneverbeenasymbolofnational(4)rebirthorglory.Itsrecenthistorywasrelatively(5)stablebutithadtoberevaluedasrecentlyas1960.Inthe1950s,itsvalueand(6)reputationweresoweakthatFrenchpoliticiansconsidered(7)abolishingitandreplacingitwithsomethingelse,basedonthevalueofthepound.Butmoneyismoneyafterall.Itiswithuseveryday.Itwassurprisingthat(8)suchaconservativepeopledidnotexpressgreatersorrowforthelossoftheirfamiliarfrancs.Itwasalsosurprisingtheydidnotfeelagreatersenseofaestheticlossforthefranchadalwaysbeenoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulcurrencies.(9)Thenamefrancwasfirstusedin1360,tocelebrateandhelptopayforthereleaseoftheKingofFrance,KingJeanII,whowascapturedbythestillpoundlessEnglish.Hecreatedthe“franc”or“free”tocelebratetheoccasion.Overthenext400yearsthenamecameandwentbutwasfinallyrestoredbytheRevolutionin1795.(10)OnFebruary17th,2002,theFrenchfrancdisappearedcompletelyfromthefinancialscene.Unit11PartC90%ofpeopleintheworldare(1)naturallyright-handed.Whyisthisso,andarewe(2)bornonewayortheother?Theanswertothisquestionisrather(3)complicated.Inbabiesandyoungchildren,no(4)singlesidebecomes(5)dominantuntilaroundtheageofeight.At12weeks,babiesusuallyusebothhands(6)equally,butby16weeks,theymostlyusethelefthandfor(7)touching.By24weeks,theyhavechangedagainandstartusingbothhands.Thenat28weeks,theybecomeone-handedagain,althoughthistimeitistherighthandthatisusedmore.At32weeks,theystartusingbothhandsagain.(8)Whentheyreachtheageof36weeks,thereisanotherchange,withmostbabiesnowpreferringtousethelefthand.Between40and44weeks,therighthandisonceagainmoreused.At48weeks,babiesswitchtousingtheirlefthandsagain,andthenbetween52and56weeks,therighthandtakesover.Therearefurtherchangesstill.(9)At80weeks,therighthandlosescontrol,andbohtareusedagainequally.Whentheyoungchildreachestheageoftwo,therighthandtakesoveragain,butbetweentwoandahalfandthreeyears,bothhandsareusedequally.(10)Thingsfinallybecomestableataroundfouryearsandstaythesameuntilbytheageofeight,onehandisstronglydominatingovertheother.Unit13PartCNowadaysintheUnitedStates,thereare(1)200,000milesofpipeline,170000gasstationsand243millionvehiclesusingpetroleumfuels.GuyNegre,the(2)founderandCEOofMotorDevelopmentInternational,ishopingtochangeallthat.Hehasinventedacompressedair(3)technologyforcars.ThenewinventionistheAirPod.TheAirPodisasmallfour-wheel(4)mini-carthatusescompressedairtomovepistons.Itusesasmallmotortocompressoutsideairtokeepthetank(5)full.Thesmallmotorcannotonlyoperateongasoline,diesel,vegetableoil,butalsobe(6)pluggedintoanelectricaloutletfor(7)recharging.(8)Withthedemandforinexpensive,user-friendly,high-mileagevehiclesthatwillnotcauseglobalwarming,theAirpodisgettingalotofattention.AirFranceandKLMairlineswillbeusingAirPodstotransportpassengersbetweenarrivalanddeparturegatesatairportsinParisandAmsterdambeginningin2009.ZeroPollutionMotors(9)haspurchasedtherightsfortheU.S.marketandexpectstomanufacture8000vehiclesayearintheUnitedStatesbeginningin2011.Automaker,TataMotorshaspurchasedthemanufacturingrightsforIndia.(10)Licensingarrangementsforothercountriesarecurrentlyinprogress.Test1PartCDidyouknowthatoneoutofeverytenpeopleintheworldareleft-handed?Anddidyoualsoknowthatinmanycountriesleft-handednessisstillthoughtofasbeingwrong?InIndia,forexample,youshouldn’teatwithyourlefthand.Evenatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyleft-handednesswasconsideredtobeasignofweakness.(16)Resear