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辽宁省抚顺市新抚区2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwasatthepostofficeearlythatmorning,hopingtobeinandoutinashortwhile.Yet,I1myselfstandinginaqueuethatwentallthewayintothehallway.Ihadneverseensomanypeoplethereonaweekday.Itseemedsomeonemighthavemadeanannouncement,2customerstocarryasmanypackagesastheycould.Ialsoneededtohavemyownpackage3Thequeuemovedveryslowly.Mypatience4andIgotannoyed.Thelongerittook,theangrierIbecame.WhenIgottothecounterfinally,Ifinishedmy5quicklyandbriefly,andthenwalkedpastthequeuethatwasnowextendingpastthefrontdoor.“Excuseme,”Isaid,tryingnottobetoopushy.Severalpeoplehadtomove6tomakeroomformetogettothe7.Isteppedout,8abouttheserviceconditions.ThinkingIwasgoingtobelateformydentistappointment,I9intotheparkinglot.Awomanwascomingacrossthelotinmy10Shewaswalkingwithdetermination,andeachstepsoundedvery11Inoticedthatshelookedasifshecouldbreathefire.Itstoppedmeinmytracks.HadIlookedlikethat?Herbodylanguagesaidthatshewashavinga12day.Myangermeltedaway.IwishedIcouldwrapherina13butIwasastranger.SoIdidwhatIcouldinaminute14shehurriedpastme-Ismiled.Inasecondeverythingchanged.Shewasastonished,thensomewhat15Thenherfacesoftenedandhershoulders16Isawhertakeadeepbreath.Herpaceslowedandshesmiledbackatmeaswepassedeachother.Icontinuedtosmileallthewaytomycar.Wow,it’samazing17asimplesmilecando.Fromthenon,Ibecameawareofpeople’s18andmyown,thewayweshowourfeelings.NowIusethat19everydaytoletit20methatwhenfacingtheworld,Icantryasmile.1、A.found B.disliked C.kept D.avoided2、A.hoping B.welcoming C.requiring D.ordering3、A.paid B.received C.weighed D.bought4、A.diedout B.fadedout C.burstout D.ranout5、A.business B.duty C.turn D.part6、A.on B.about C.in D.aside7、A.counter B.office C.exit D.car8、A.talking B.complaining C.worrying D.hearing9、A.headed B.looked C.pulled D.turned10、A.way B.time C.direction D.course11、A.slow B.stable C.light D.heavy12、A.rough B.dull C.smooth D.bright13、A.smile B.hug C.bag D.touch14、A.until B.though C.before D.since15、A.excited B.frightened C.cheered D.confused16、A.trembled B.raised C.relaxed D.tightened17、A.what B.that C.how D.when18、A.appearances B.reactions C.behaviors D.expressions19、A.treatment B.awareness C.conclusion D.achievement20、A.remind B.warn C.convince D.tellSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TouristGuideToTheNationalGalleryOpeninghours:Daily10am-6pmFriday10amn-9pmClosed.24-26DecemberReasonstovisitWithover2,300paintingsinthecollection,therearehundredsofreasonstovisittheGalleryHerearesometogetyoustarted.……★Getintogreatart.FromLeonardodaVincitoVincentvanGogh.Seepricelessworksofartforfree……★Getcreative,Brushupyourskills,andcreateyourowngreatworksofart……★Leanaboutart.Discovermoreaboutpaintings,★Beinspired.Life,death,passion,beauty,,,Everypaintingtellsastory.★Relax.EscapefromthenoisycityintoapaintingRegulations★Talkinalowvoicewhenyouuseyourcellphoneinthegallery.★Nottouchingthepaintingsorotherexhibits.Nottakingpetsinorcrossingthebarriers.★Consumingfoodanddrinkindesignatedareasonly,i.e.notinroomsthatcontainpaintings★Followingour‘no-smoking’policyinanypartofthebuilding.★Followingour‘no–photography’policyinexhibitionswhereasignisdisplayedAccess:TheNationalGalleryaimstomakeaccesstothepaintingsenjoyableandwelcomingtothewidestpossiblepublic.Therearearangeoffacilitiestohelpyouseethecollection,visitexhibitionsandcometoeventsTheGalleryoffersBritishSignLanguage-interpretedAsonpaintingsforvisitorswhoaredeaf,andspecialartsessions(展期)forvisitorswhocan’tsee.Address:TheNationalGallery,TrafalgarSquare,LondonWC2NSDNGettinghere:★BytubeTheneareststationsareCharingCross(NationalRail,Northern,andBakerloolines)andLeicesterSquare(NorthernandPiccadillylines)★BybusRoutes3,6,9,11,13,15,23,24,87,91,139,and176stopatTrafalgarSquare.★BybikeThenearestbikestandsareonOrangeStreet,StMartin'sStreet,StMartinsPlace,andDuncannonStreetClickheretofindmoreinformation.1、WhenistheNationalGalleryclosed?A.Onthanks-giving B.AtChristmas C.OnNewYearsDay D.AtEaster2、WhatarevisitorsallowedtodointheNationalGallery?A.Makeacall, B.TakeadoginC.Smokeacigarette. D.Touchthepainting3、Whoarespecialartsessionsintendedfor?A.Youngvisitors. B.Foreignvisitors.C.Disabledvisitors. D.FemalevisitorsText2Supermarketshelvesarefilledwithplant-basedalternativestocowmilk,includingsoy,nut,andcoconutmilk.Theseproductsarepopularwithconsumerswhocannotdrinkcows’milkforhealthreasons,aswellaswiththoseconcernedaboutanimalwelfareandenvironmentalsustainability.Whilethedairy-free(非乳制的)optionsworkwellwithcerealorincoffee,theyfailmiserablywhenitcomestomakingmilk-basedproductslikecheeseoryogurt.However,theseshortcomingsmaysoonbeathingofthepast,thankstoanewcompanyinCalifornia,whichhasfiguredouthowtocreateanimal-freemilkinalaboratory!PerumalGandhiandRyanPandyafoundedthecompanyin2014afterbecomingincreasinglyannoyedwiththelackofcows’milk-freealternatives,particularlyforcheese.ForGandhi,whostoppedconsuminganimalproductsfiveyearsearlierduetoenvironmentalandanimalwelfareconcerns,themotivationtocreateabetteralternativestemmedfromhisloveofcheesypizza.Pandyawasspurredintotakingactionafterbeingforcedtoeatsome“reallybad”dairy-freecreamcheeseonhissandwichThetwoMITbiomedicalengineeringscientistsdecidedtojoinforcestocreateamorerealisticalternativetodairy-basedproducts.Intheiruniversitylab,thepairspentninemonthsfirstisolatingcowDNAtheninsertingitintoyeast(酵母).Thisgeneticmodificationenabledtheyeasttoproducethenecessarymilkproteins.Thefinalstepoftheprocessinvolvedmixingtheproteinswithsomeplantnutrientsandfats.Thedairy-freemilknotonlytastesliketherealthingbutisalsohealthier,hasalongershelflifeand,mostimportantoffriendly.Accordingtothecompany’swebsite,whencomparedtoconventionalmilkproduction,theirprocessuses65%lessenergy,creates84%olessgreenhousegasemissionsandrequires91%lesslandandanamazing98%lesswater.Bestofallsinceitcontainsrealmilkproteins,theproductbehaveslikethecow-producedversion,whichmeansvegetarianconsumerswillnolongerhavetodealwithsoggycheeseontheirsandwichesandpizzas.Thecompanyplanstobringtheircreationtomarketlaterthisyearandtheirfirstproductwillmostlikelybecheesesincetherearealreadynumerousgoodcows’milkalternativesavailabletoconsumers.1、Theunderlinedword“those”inparagraph1refersto________.A.alternativesB.productsC.peopleD.reasons2、Thecompanysfoundersweremotivatedtomakethenewproductbecauseof________.A.theirdeepconcernfortheenvironmentB.thepoortasteofdairy-freecheesepresentlyavailableC.theover-consumptionofthedairy-basedproductsD.theirworrythatfarmanimalswerepoorlytreated3、Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Cowfarmingcausesconsiderableenvironmentaldamage.B.Thenewproductswilltastebetterthandairy-basedones.C.Thedairy-freeproductscannotbestoredforalongtime.D.Thedairy-freemilkwillbemoreexpensivethancow’smilk.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthierCheeseB.NewMilkSavesPlanetC.MakingMilkwithoutCowsD.FresherMilk,BetterFutureText3ItiswidelyknownthatanyEnglishconversationbeginswithTheWeather.SuchafixationwiththeweatherfindsexpressioninDr.Johnson’sfamouscommentthat“WhentwoEnglishmeet,theirfirsttalkisofweather.”ThoughJohnson’sobservationisasaccuratenowasitwasovertwohundredyearsago,mostcommentators(评论员)failtocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationforthisEnglishweather-speak.BillBryson,forexample,concludesthat,astheEnglishweatherisnotatallexciting,theobsessionwithitcanhardlybeunderstood.Hearguesthat”Toanoutsider,themoststrikingthingabouttheEnglishweatheristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.”Simply,thereasonisthattheunusualandunpredictableweatherisalmostunknownintheBritishIsles.JeremyPaxman,however,disagreeswithBryson,arguingthattheEnglishweatherisbynatureattractive.Brysoniswrong,hesays,“becausetheEnglishpreferencefortheweatherhasnothingtodowiththenaturalphenomena(现象).”Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.”Accordingtohim,theweatherinEnglandisverychangeableanduncertainanditattractstheEnglishaswellastheoutsider.BrysonandPaxmanstandforcommonmisconceptionsabouttheweather-speakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,somehow,aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationisnotreallyabouttheweatheratall.Englishweather-speakisasystemofsigns,whichisdevelopedtohelpthespeakersovercomethenaturalreserveandactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknowsconversationsstartingwithweather-speakarenotrequestsforweatherdata.Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”,Inotherwords,Englishweather-speakisameansofsocialbonding.1、TheauthormentionsDr.Johnson’scommenttoshowthat________.A.mostcommentatorsagreewithDr.JohnsonB.Dr.JohnsonisfamousforhisweatherobservationC.thecommentwasaccuratetwohundredyearsagoD.Englishconversationsusuallystartwiththeweather2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsession”mostprobablyreferto?A.Asocialtrend. B.Anemotionalstate.C.Ahistoricalconcept. D.Anunknownphenomenon.3、Accordingtothepassage,JeremyPaxmanbelievesthat________.A.BillBrysonhaslittleknowledgeoftheweatherB.thereisnothingspecialabouttheEnglishweatherC.theEnglishweatherattractspeopletotheBritishIslesD.Englishpeopletalkabouttheweatherforitsuncertainty4、Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A.ToexplainwhatEnglishweather-speakisabout.B.ToanalyzemisconceptionsabouttheEnglishweather.C.TofindfaultwithbothBillBrysonandJeremyPaxman.D.ToconvincepeoplethattheEnglishweatherischangeable.Text4Itbeganasagame:Highschoolandcollegestudentsstudyingcomputertechnologyfiguredouttheycouldusepersonalcomputerstobreakintotelephonecompanycomputersandmakefree,long-distancetelephonecalls.Theseyoungcomputertalentssoongainedthename"hackers".Policearrestedafewhackers,butmanywentontoevenmorecomplexhacking.Oneofthemwasarrestedformakingillegaltelephonecallsandlaterheusedaphonetochangeapoliceofficer'screditrecordstogetbackattheofficerforarrestinghim.Healsousedacomputertochangehiscollegerecordstogivehimselfbettergrades.Ashackersgainedexperience,theybeganinvadingcomputersatbanks,airlinesandotherbusinesses.Inonecaseahackerinstructedanairline'scomputertogivehimfreeairplanetickets.TheU.S.governmentisworriedthathackersmaybreakintoitsnetworksofdefensecomputers.Thegovernment'ssecretsareeasilyattackedbecausethousandsofgovernmentcomputersareconnectedbytelephonelinesthathackerscangetinto.InNovember1988,acollegestudententeredaU.S.DefenseDepartmentcomputernetworkcalledArpanet.ThehackerinjectedacomputerprogramthatmadecopiesofitselfthroughoutArpanet.Somehackersusevirusestodestroyallthedatainacomputer.Butinthiscase,governmentofficialsshutdownthenetworkbeforetheprogramreachedeverycomputerinthesystem.Shuttingdownthesystemangeredmanyresearcherswhowereusingthecomputers.Thehackerturnedhimselfintothepoliceandhewaschargedwithacrime.TheincidentputthespotlightoncomputerhackingintheUnitedStates.Manycompanieshavehiredexpertstoprotecttheircomputersfromhackers,andmanycomputerexpertsnowadvisecompaniesonhowtoprotecttheircomputers.TheU.S.governmentbelievesforeigngovernmentshavehiredhackerstotrytobreakintotop-secretdefensecomputers.Expertsdisagreeoverwhetheracomputernetworkcaneverbesafefromhacking.Butinthefuture,someofthemostoutstandingmindsintheU.S.willbeworkingtofrustratetheattemptsofcomputerhackers.1、Whatdidthefirsthackersdo?A.Theybrokeintogovernmentcomputers. B.Theydestroyedairplaneticketsystems.C.Theyplayedcomputergames. D.Theymadefreephonecalls.2、WhycanU.S.governmentcomputersbeeasilyhackedinto?A.Theyhavenodefensesystems. B.Theyareconnectedbytelephonelines.C.Theyarepartlyaccessibletothepublic. D.Theylackcomplexprocessingprograms.3、WhathappenedtothegovernmentcomputersinNovember1988?A.Theylostalloftheimportantdata.B.Theywereshutdownbyresearchers.C.Theywereinvadedbyacollegestudent.D.Theygottotallyruinedbyacomputerprogram.4、Whatdidcompaniesdecidetodotoprotecttheircomputersystems?A.Employcomputertalents. B.Buildsecretdefensesystems.C.Askthegovernmentforhelp. D.Collectandanalyzethedataofhackers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Yang,anurse,canstillrecallherfirstsightof“Olivia”“Oliviawasinmyarms,skinny,1.(stare)blanklyattheworld,”recalledYang“Bornwithaseverebraindisease,OliviawasleftatChangshaWelfareCentreLater,she2.(sent)here,theButterflyChildren’sCareCentre”FoundedbyaretiredBritishnurseGouldin2010,itisChina’sfirstcentreforchildren3.incurablediseaseGouldwatchedamovieaboutanEnglishwomancomingtoChinatocareforhomelesschildrenofkids4.(leave)bytheroadsideInspiredbythemovie,shecametoChinaattheageof5.Chinawasapoorcountrythen,6.sherealizeditwaswhereshecouldreallydosomethingWithallher7.(saving),GouldestablishedthecentreandnameditButterflybecausethebutterflyisasymbolofhope,beauty,and8.(free)Everybutterflyis9.(slight)different,andgoesthroughmanytransformationinitslifeSheworkswithlocalwelfarecentre,whichsendsherchildrendiagnosedasincurableUptonow,they10.(provide)careforabouttwohundredchildren,manyof11.havediedinthearmsofthenurses,withdignityandsurroundedbyloveAftereatingadietofbread,hamburgersandspaghettiforthree1.(month),IbegantomissChinesefoodLuckily,in2.internationalcitylikeNewYork,Ihavelittledifficulty3.(find)aChineserestaurantHowever,theChinesefood,whichthelocalsconsider4.theirfavorite,isnotexactlytheChinesefoodIenjoyinBeijingIcanalwaysfindsuchso-called“Chinesefood”ashoneychickenonthemenu,5.IactuallyhaveneverevenheardofitbeforeOneday,IwenttoaChineserestaurantwithmylocalfriendsAfterthemeal,eachofus6.(give)adumpling-shapedcookieOnceIbitintoit,IrealizedsomethingnotquiterightIfoundapieceofpaperwithamessagethatread,“Thisfortune’snogood,tryanother”AtfirstI7.(think)itmustbeatrickoftherestaurantWhenItoldthistomyfriends,theyburstinto8.(laugh)andasked,“AreyoureallyfromChina?”Butitdoesn’tmeanthereisnoplaceinNewYorkwhereIcansatisfymystomachIalwaysheadtoChinaTownwhenI9.(extreme)missthefoodofmyhomelandFollowingthehotandspicysmell,Icanalwaysfindthemosttypical(典型的)Chinesefood10.excitesmeinthecitySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Inafewmonthsyou’llgotocollege.Areyoureadyforsomeofthenewnessthatisabouttocomeyourway?Takealookatthis“mentalpreparation”checklistandmakesureyouhavegiventhesetopicssomethought.1.Remindyourselfthatit’snewforeveryone.Goingtocollegeisabigchange,andit’simportantnottogetoverwhelmed(压垮).1、That’sOK.Acceptthatyou’reinanewstageoflifeanditwon’tfeelfamiliarforabit.2.Committotimemanagement.Organizingyourtimeproperlywillmakeyourlifeincollegemucheasier.2、Createadetaileddailyschedulethatblocksouttimeforclasses,homework,studying,andanythingelse.Stayorganizedandspendafewminuteseacheveningplanningaheadforthenextday.3.3、Collegewillopenyoureyesinmorewaysthanone.It’satimetofindyourself,discovernewpassions,challengeoldwaysofthinking,andmeetnewpeoplefromallbackgroundsandplaces.So,trysomethingdifferent.Embrace(欣然接受)theideaofexploration!4.Don’tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.Withanythingnew,it’sbesttogoinwithapositiveattitude.Butlifehasitsupsanddowns.4、Takeamomenttofindoutthecollegeservicesthatcanhelpyou:disabilityservices,tutoringservices,andanyotherservicesthatwillgiveyousupportwhenyouneedit.Congratulationsonthisexcitingtimeofyourlife.5、You’llbegladyouhavedone.A.Beopentonewthings.B.Knowingwheretoturnforhelpisimportant.C.Thingsmightfeelabituncomfortableforawhile.D.Plantopaythemavisitearlyinyourfirstsemester.E.Getyourselfatimeplanningapporagoodolddayplanner.F.Rememberthatyou’reincollegetobuildafoundationforyourfuturejob.G.Asyougetpreparedforthefirstdayofclasses,getmentallyreadyforthisnewlifestagetoo.Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.1、Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon'tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.2
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