2021年宁夏石嘴山三中高考英语四模试卷（附答案详解）

2021年宁夏石嘴山三中高考英语四模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

（2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题）

A

TheLondonEyeremainstemporarilyclosedbutinlinewiththeGovernment'sroadmapoutof

lockdownweplantoreopenfrom17thMay.Youcanpre-booknow.Furtherinformationcanbe

foundhere.

WhattoExpect

TheLondonEyesoars443feeintotheskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.Since

openingin2000,ithasbeenusedasabackdropincountlessfilmsandislovedbyBritonsand

visitorsalike.ThisistheUK'smostpopularvisitorattraction.visitedbyover3.5millionpeople

ayear.

EachLondonEyecapsuleholdsupto25passengerscomfbrtably.Allcapsulesarefully

air-conditionedandrotate（旋转）onaspecialdevicedesignedtokeepeveryoneuprightasthe

wheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.Thefullrotationlasts30minutesofanever

changingviewofthisdynamiccity.

OpeningTimes

■SeptembertoMay10：00am8：00pmdaily

■June10：00am-9：00pmdaily

■July10：00am-9：30pmdaily

■August10：00am-8：30pmdaily

■NotopenonChristmasDayorduringmaintenanceperiod.

TicketPrices

Adult：

JanuarytoMarch£15.00

ApriltoDecember£15.50

Child（5-15years）：

JanuarytoMarch£7.50

ApriltoDecember£7.75

Childunder5years：free

Senior(60plus)：£12.00

Bookingline

■9：00amto5：00pmMondaytoSunday

■Telephone：08705000600

1.WhichofthefollowingdoestheLondonEyerideoffer?

A.A30-minutefastrotation.

B.Aninsightintoitslonghistory.

C.A360°movingviewofthecity.

D.Anon-chargeableadmission.

2.WhenistheLondonEyeopeninJanuary?

A.10：00am-8：00pm.B.10：00am-9：00pm.

C.10：00am-9：30Pm.D.10：00am-8：30pm.

3.What'sthechangeforayoungcouplewitha5-year-oldboywhovisitonthereopenig?

A.£30B.£31C.£37.5D.£38.75

(2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题)

B

Havingworkedfbrmorethan,decadeinfinanceintheoilindustryinCanada,ToriFaheyfound

herselfwaningmorefromlife.Butitwasn'tthoughdesperationthathercuriositychanged："I

didn'tgetfedupandstormoff,nothinglikethat；itwascuriosityaboutotherinterestsand

wantingtoexperiencesomethingnew.”

FaheyletherjobandcompletedanMBAbeforesettingupamovetoNewYorktobegina

degree.However,theopportunityofanopenyearbetweentheMBAandthedegreecame

up,andasakeentouringcyclist,Faheyrealizedthatamuchdreamed-aboutadventurewasnow

becomingapossibility："TherideinAfricahadbeenonmyfantasylist.ltwasamomentwhen

IrealizedthatIcoulddoanything,soIshould.1'

FaheyrodeacrossAfrica,a7,500-miletripthattookfourmonths.Thewholeexperiencehada

life-changingimpact.Faheysaid："Bicyclesprovidealiteralfreedom.Youdon'tallowyourself

tofeellikethatineverydaylifebecausetherearesomanydistractions.Butwhenyou'reouton

thebikeandthere*snothingelse,you'rereallyfreetoexperiencewhatlifeis."

Post-degree,FaheyworkedonprojectswiththeUNDP(UnitedNationsDevelopmentProject)

第2页，共22页

inMontenegrowiththeaimofbringinginvestmenttoruralcommunities.

Itwaswhileworkingontheseprojectsthattheseedsweresownforthenextnewinvestment.

"ItwasthroughmytripacrossAfricathat1discoveredpannierandracksystemsinconvenient

andwasnevergoingtousethemagain."Littledidsheknowthiswouldleadhertostartupher

owncompany.

In2013,Apidurawasborn,producingstoragesolutionsforpeoplelookingtotraveltheworld

bybike,raceacrosscontinentsandcarryalltheyneedtodoso.Ifsnowasuccessfulglobal

brand,butFaheyremainsreflectiveaboutwhatelsethecompanycandoforpeople.

4.WhydidFaheyleaveherjobinCanada?

A.Shewasboredwiththejob.

B.Shewasdisappointedwithlife.

C.Shewantedtoaddnewdimensionstoherlife.

D.Shefoundithardtoadjusttothecircumstances.

5.WhichcanbestdescribeFahey'srideexperienceinAfrica?

A.Demanding.B.Liberating.C.Eventful.D.Dangerous.

6.WhydidFaheylaunchApidura?

A.Toencouragebicycletraveling.

B.Tomakeherinvestmentprofitable.

C.Tohelpcyclistscarrytravelingstuff.

D.Toincreasethepleasureofridingbikes.

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Atoughpathtofame.

B.AnadventureacrossAfrica.

C.Thebenefitsofgreentravelling.

D.ThestorybehindthebirthofApidura.

（2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市,模拟题）

C

Despitethecommonappearingoftabletcomputersande-readers,wesimplycannotbreakour

addictiontopaper.Anestimatedfourbilliontreearecutdowneveryyeartomakepaperor

cardboard,anenergyconsumingprocesswithavastenvironmentalfootprint.Nowchemist

YadongYinoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,andhiscolleagueshavedeveloped

"rewritable0paperthatcouldhelpcontrolthatimpact.

PrintedrewritablepaperismadeusingPrussianbluenanoparticles（纳米粒子）.The

researcherscoatedconventionalpaperwithnanoparticlesoftwochemicals：Prussianbluethat

givesblueprintstheircharacteristiccolor,andtitaniumdioxide（二氧化钛）,asubstanceused

insunscreens.

UVlightmakesthetitaniumdioxidenanoparticlesdonateelectrons（电子）totheirPrussian

blueneighbors,shiftingitscolorfrommidnightbluetomilkywhite.

ByshiningthatUVlightthroughatransparent（透明的）screenmarkedwithblacktext,the

researchers"printed"bluetextonawhitebackground.Thetextlastsaboutfivedaysandthen

naturallyfadesaway：”EverymorningIcouldjustpushabutton,andaprinterwouldgiveme

afreshnewspapertoreadoverbreakfast/'Yinsays.

Thepapercanalsoberesetbyheatingandreusedmorethan80times,asignificant

improvementoverprevioustypesofrewritablepaper."Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusability

andstability,easyhandlingandlowcost,"saysSeanX.Zhang,amaterialsscientistatJilin

UniversityinChina,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudybuthasalsoworkedondeveloping

rewritablepaper.Bycomparison,technologiessuchaselectronicink-usedforAmazon'sKindle

Paperwhite-involvemovingchargedblack-and-whiteparticlesaround,whichrequires

electronics.

SincereportingtheirinventioninNanoLettersearlythisyear,thescientistshaveusedadigital

projectortoreplacetheirtransparentscreen.Theyarenowworkingonincreasingthenumberof

timesthepapercanbereused.Zhangsaysakeydifficultywillbepersuadingcompaniesto

developtheunconventionalUVcontrolneededforwidespreaduse.Eventhough

commercializationcouldbeafewyearsaway,Yinsays,"We'vehadalotofdiscussionswith

industryinvestors.'1

8.Whatdoestheunderlined"thatimpact"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Humanbeings,addictiontopaper.

B.Commonappearanceofe-readers.

C.Greenandsustainableenvironment.

D.Avastenvironmentalfootprint.

9.Whatareparagraphs2-4mainlyabout?

A.Workingprinciplesofthenewinvention.

B.Comparisonbetweendifferentpapers.

第4页，共22页

C.Keybenefitsofthenewinvention.

D.ThefunctionofUVlight.

10.SeanX.Zhangprobablyagreesthattheinventionis.

A.expensiveB.unreliableC.conventionalD.eco-friendly

II.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Print,wipe,rewriteB.Thenanotechcommercialized

C.ThehistoryofpaperD.Reduce,reuse,recycle

（2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题）

D

ResearchersatMITandinChinadevelopedasimple,solar-poweredwaterdesalination（脱盐）

system.Theyhavemadeabreakthroughingettingfreshdrinkingwaterfromseawaterbyusing

sunlight.

AstheresearchpaperpublishedinEnergy&EnvironmentalScienceexplains,equipment

appliedinthissystemincludesseverallayersofflatevaporators（蒸发器）thatturnwater

sourcesintofreshwaterthroughsolarenergy,aswellascondensers（冷凝器）thatcoolthegas

intotheliquid.TheauthorsofthepaperareMITstudentsLenanZhangandLinZhao,Professor

EvelynWang,andnineotherresearchersatMITandatShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityinChina.

Howthesystemuseseachofthemultiplestagestoremovesaltfromthewateriscriticaltoits

efficiency.Theheatreleasedperstagewillbeusedbythenextstage.Inthisway,theteam's

devicecanconverttheenergyofsunlightintotheenergyofwaterevaporationwithan

efficiencyof385percent.

Thedevicecanbeconsideredasamultilayersolarstill（蒸t图器）.Theheatisabsorbedbyits

flatpanelsandthentransferredtomakewaterevaporate.Thevaporthencoolsdownandturns

intoliquidwateronthenextpanel.Asthewateriscollected,thereleasedheatistransferredto

thenextlayer.

Theteam's10-stagesystemproducespurewater.Itsqualityisabovethecitydrinkingwater

standards.ltalsohasthehighestyieldcomparedtoothersimilarsystems,atarateofnearlysix

cubicdecimeterperhourforeverysquaremeterofthesolarcollectingarea.Thesystem

distinguishedfromsomeothersbythefactthatthereisnoaccumulatedsalttobegotrid

of.Mostmaterialsofthedemonstration（演示）unitdon'tcostmuchandareeasytoget.

Furtherexperimentswillbecarriedoutonthedevicetooptimize（优化）thechoicesof

materialsandtestitsdurabilityunderrealisticconditions.Researcherswillalsoworkonthe

designofthedevicetomakeitmoreconsumer-friendly.ltisexpectedthatthesystemcould

finallyhelpdevelopingregionsthatareshortofelectricitysuppliesbutrichinseawaterand

sunlighthandlewatercrises.

12.Whatcontributesmosttothehighefficiencyofthedevice?

A.Thechoiceofmaterials.

B.Thesimplicityofthestructure.

C.Therecyclingofreleasedheat.

D.Theuseofmultilayerequipment.

13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Whatthedeviceisfor.

B.Whatmakesthedevice.

C.Howthedeviceworks.

D.Howsolarenergyiscollected.

14.Whatmakesthedevicedifferentfromothersystems?

A.Itszeroaccumulationofsalt.

B.Itsstableandhighproductionlevel.

C.Thelowcostofthematerials.

D.Thequalityofwateritproduces.

15.Whywillresearcherscarryoutfurtherexperimentsonthedevice?

A.Toreduceitscost.

B.Tocheckitsperformanceinlabs.

C.Tomakeitenvironment-friendly.

D.Tomakeitsuitableforusebyconsumers.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

(2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题)Yoursuccessasamanagercanbedeterminedby

howyouinteractwithpeople.Theroleofamanagerasaleaderisanimportantpartofthese

interactions.Leadershipinvolvesinfluencingcolleaguessothattheyfollowagivendirectionor

goal.(1)

Thefirstisthe"peoplefunction".Hereleadershiphelpstoholdagrouptogetherandmaintain

themotivationofthegroup.(2)Inthisroletheleaderwillensurethegrouphas

sufficientfundstocarryoutitstasks.Soaleadershouldbeseentohaveinfluencebothoutside

thegroupandwithinthegroup.

第6页，共22页

Nextcomesthe"taskfunction".Hereleadershipinvolvesdecidingwhatthetasksofthegroup

ofemployeesareandthenmakingsurethattheyarecarriedoutsuccessfully.

Thethirdisthe"strategicfunction'1.(3)Agroupofworkersthatknowswhattheyare

tryingtoachievewillbemoreefficientandbettermotivatedthanagroupthatdoesn'tknow

whatit'ssupposedtobedoing.

(4)Forexample,howmuchpowerthemanagerhasoverthegroup,howwellthe

managerknowsthesystemspresentinanorganizationandhowmanypersonalcontactsthe

managerhaswithintheorganization.

Goodcommunicationisanothercrucialelementtosuccessfulleadership.Agoodleaderis

awarebothofthemessagetobecommunicatedandoftheimportanceofeffective

communicationtoinfluencemembersofthegroup.(5)Itisessentialtobearolemodel

forthepoliciesyouadvocate.Andremember,alwaysacceptresponsibilityforyourmistakes

anddon'tblamecolleaguesforthingsthatyoudobadly.Nooneisperfect.Justrememberthis

whenyouinteractwithcolleagues.

A.Aleadershouldactasanambassadorforthegroup.

B.Networkingincludestheabilitytomakeandmaintainusefulcontacts.

C.Amanager'sabilitytoinfluencepeopledependsonarangeoffactors.

D.Itisoftenstatedthatleadershiphasthreemainfunctionswithingroups.

E.Thisshowsthatyouareawareoftheeffortcolleaguesareputtingintotheirwork.

F.Amanager'sbehaviorisavitalcomponentofthemessagetheycommunicatetocolleagues.

G.Leadershipherehelpswiththedevelopmentofasenseofpurposeanddirectionforthe

group.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

(2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题)Thelazybeachvacationsandstudy-abroadyears

aregonebecauseofthepandemic(流行病).Many,whobelievetravelisintheirgenes,findit

(1)tobekeptinthesameplaceforsolong.MyfriendJamesisoneofthemandis

growingboredandupset,(2)fortheoldtravellingdays.Howtopullthroughthe

depressingsituation?Therearemanywaystoanswerthequestion,butbeing(3)isnot

oneofthem.

Peoplealwayshaveastrong(4)tobeonthego.Howeveritshowsourtrueability

whenthatdemandcan'tbe(5)instantly.Travelisagoodwaytomeetnewpeopleand

(6)newthings,butwehave(7)ifwecan'tmakeit.

Wecanoffthe(8)pathandtravelintheoff-season.Byconnectingwithcommunities

andspendingourmoneyinwaysthatsupport(9),itwillbeamoremeaningfulway

to(10)thedifferencethatmaketheworldcolorful.

Wecanplanatripinsteadwhilewecan't(11)bethere"Expectationsplaya(12)

roleinourlife.Andourfuture-mindedness(前瞻意识)canbeasourceof(13)

ifweknowgoodthingsare(14).Ineveryway,travelisagreatthingto(15).

"saidMatthewKillingsworth,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania.So(16)

atripisnearlyasenjoyableasactuallytakingone.Makingplansisitsown(17).It

makesusrememberthereisabig,(18)worldoutthere.

Manyofus,meincluded,havetakenwhatwehaveforgranted.TomSwick,atravelwriter,tells

mehe(19)toviewtravelasaroutine."Now,Ilookforwardtoexperiencingitasa

(20).nsaysshe.

21.A.unbearableB.unpredictableC.unreliableD.uncertain

22.A.headingB.competingC.switchingD.longing

23.A.optimisticB.competingC.unreliableD.uncertain

24.A.pressureB.activeC.switchingD.longing

25.A.reservedB.sorrowC.desperateD.hesitant

26.A.experienceB.recoverC.explainedD.ignored

27.A.curiosityB.alternativesC.riskD.provide

28.A.hiddenB.alternativesC.advancesD.regret

第8页，共22页

29.A.hobbiesB.sheltersC.fictionsD.locals

30.A.refuseB.appreciateC.decreaseD.avoid

31.A.mentallyB.rarelyC.physicallyD.merely

32.A.negativeB.mildC.valuelessD.significant

33.A.concernB.chaosC.independenceD.joy

34.A.offthetrackB.intheway

C.aroundthecornerD.tothepoint

35.A.lookforwardtoB.lookdownon

C.lookoutforD.lookbackat

36.A.cancelingB.plottingC.adjustingD.denying

37.A.rewardB.focusC.priceD.form

38.A.frighteningB.rollingC.appealingD.resting

39.A.usedB.hopedC.agreedD.wanted

40.A.serviceB.giftC.trendD.play

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.(2021•宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市•模拟题)Chinesenetusershavefoundanewwayto

battledesertificationbyplayingvirtualplantinggames.AntForest,whichisunderAnt

FinancialoftheAlibabaGroup,toldtheGlobalTimesthattheyhadplantedover50

milliontrees(1)(cover)about507squarekilometersacrossChinafrom2016

to2019.

AntForestisthefirstsuchgameinChina.IntheAntForestplan,anyactivity(2)

(consider)lowcarbon,includingwalking,takingpublictransportandonline

payments,willbeconvertedintovirtualugreenenergy”.Theenergywillbeusedtogrowa

virtualtreeintheuforest"ofthe(3)(user).Theyexchange(4)for

arealtreebypayingthecorrespondingenergy.AntForestwillplanttherealteein

spring,andautumneachyear(5)thehelpoflocalauthoritiesinthedesert

areas.Thiswayofplating(6)(recognize)onOctober23,2018bytheNational

AfforestationCommitteeas(7)meansforcitizenstofulfilltheirobligationof

plantingtrees.

TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreat(8)(important)totheprotectionof

ecosystems.Chinaaims(9)(increase)theforestcoverto23percentby2020,

andto26percentby2035.AnewstudyusingdatafromNASAsatelliteshowsthatthe

Earthbecomes（10）（green）asaresultofambitioustree-plantingprograms

inChina.

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.（2021♦全国・模拟题）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌

写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一

个单词的增加、删除或修改.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（人），并在其下面写出该加的词.

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉.

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均限一词.

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.

Johnwentshoppinginastore,andheforgottobringabag.Sohebuysashoppingb

ag.Afteramvinghome,itoccurredhimthathecouldmakeabagbyusinghisoldtr

ousers.Severalhoursearlier,hemadehimselfaverynicebag.Hismotherwasam

azingatwhathehaddone.Avoidingspendingmoneyunnecessarilyisawayofsaving

.Andmakingagooduseofthingsisanapproachtoprotecttheenvironment.What's

more,itishelpfulforyoutoimprovetheabilitytomakethingsbyhands.Itnotonly

bringsuspleasurebutreducewastearoundus.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.（）分）

43.（2021•江西省新余市・模拟题）户外运动（活动）愉悦身心，是减压良方。请你用英文

记述一次让你轻松、愉快的户外运动（活动）。内容包括：

1.户外运动（活动）的过程；

2.你的感受。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。

第10页，共22页

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题11C【小题2】A【小题3】D

【知识点】时文广告

［解析］（1）C.细节理解题。根据WhattoExpect部分TheLondonEyesoars443feeinto

theskyandviewsstretching25mileseverydirection.（伦敦眼高达443米，视野遍布25英

里。）可知伦敦眼可展示360度视角下的城市，C.A360°movingviewofthecity.（这座

城市360度的全景。）与之符合；根据asthewheelmakesaslowbutprogressiverotation.

（当车轮缓慢而渐进地转动时）可知A.A30-minutefastrotation.（30分钟的快速旋转。）

错在"fast"，应该是"slow"；B项Aninsightintoitslonghistory.（对其悠久历史的洞察。）

文章并未提及；根据下文TicketPrices部分可知乘坐伦敦眼是要收费的，可知D.A

non-chargeableadmission.（免费入场。）是错误的。综上所述，故选C.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据OpeningTimes的信息、，一月属于SeptembertoMay的时间表，

所以LondonEye一月份上午10：00-晚上8：00开放。故选A.

（3）D.数字计算题。注意跨段细节信息，需要知道重新开放日的日期，第一段第二行

显示是5月17日，结合TicketPrices中的Adult：ApriltoDecember£15.50和Child（5-15

years）：ApriltoDecember£7.75可知票6『为：£15.5x2+£7.75=£38.75o故选D.

本文是一篇广告类文章，介绍了伦敦眼计划从5月17日开始重新开放，包括值得期待

的活动，开放时间和门票价格等相关信息。

考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正

确的选择。

4.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】D

【知识点】日常生活

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。由文章第一段Butitwasn'tthoughdesperationthathercuriosity

changed："Ididn'tgetfedupandstonnoff,nothinglikethat：itwascuriosityaboutother

interestsandwantingtoexperiencesomethingnew."（但她的好奇心并没有因为绝望而改变:

“我不是受够了就撒手不管，不是那样的；我是对其他兴趣的好奇，想要体验新事物。"）

可知，她并没有受够了就一走了之，而是对其他兴趣的好奇，想体验一些新的东西，故

C.Shewantedtoaddnewdimensionstoherlife.（给自己的生活增加新的维度）正确。

故选C.

（2）B.推理判断题。由文章第二段However,theopportunityofanopenyearbetweenthe

MBAandthedegreecameup,andasakeentouringcyclist,Faheyrealizedthatamuch

dreamed-aboutadventurewasnowbecomingapossibility："TherideinAfricahadbeenonmy

fantasylist.ltwasamomentwhenIrealizedthatIcoulddoanything,soIshould."（然而，在

工商管理硕士和学位之间的一年开放的机会出现了，作为一个热衷于自行车旅行的人，

费伊意识到，一场梦寐以求的冒险现在变成了可能：“非洲之旅曾是我的梦想清单。就

是在那一刻，我意识到我可以做任何事，所以我应该做。“）可知，主人公认为自行车

提供了一种字面上的自由，当在外面骑着自行车，什么都没有的时候，就可以真正自由

地体验生活了，freedom对应liberating.A.Demanding.要求高的；B.Liberating.使…自由；

C.Eventful.多变故的；D.Dangerous.危险的。故选B.

（3）C.细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段段"ItwasthroughmytripacrossAfricathatI

discoveredpannierandracksystemsinconvenientandwasnevergoingtousethemagain."

Littledidsheknowthiswouldleadhertostartupherowncompany.（在我的非洲之旅中,

我发现了筐架和机架系统不方便，我再也不会使用它们了。”她不知道的是，这让她创

办了自己的公司。）可知，通过自己的骑行，她发现原有系统的不方便，所以她开创了

Apidura,正在为那些希望骑自行车环游世界、跨大洲比赛并携带所需物品的人们提供解

决方案，故Apidura建立是为了帮助骑行者携带旅行物品。C.Tohelpcyclistscarry

travelingstuff.（帮助骑自行车的人携带旅行用品）正确。故选C.

（4）D.主旨大意题。文章主要写了主人公ToriFahey的一次非洲骑行冒险，以此为基

点补述了背景和意义价值。D.ThestorybehindthebirthofApidura（Apidura诞生的故事）

符合题意。故选D.

文章主要写了主人公ToriFahey的一次非洲骑行冒险，以此为基点补述了背景和意义价

值。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】D【小题4】A

第12页，共22页

【知识点】科技信息与发明创新

【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据所猜词的前一Anestimatedfourbilliontreesarecut

downeveryyeartomakepaperorcardboard,anenergy-consumingprocesswithavast

environmentalfootprint.（据估计，每年有40亿棵树被砍伐用于制造纸张或纸板，这一

过程耗能巨大，对环境造成巨大的影响）”可知，传统造纸砍伐了大量的数目，对环境

造成了巨大的影响。再结合随猜词前的动词control（控制）可知，尹亚东团队创造这种

可重写的纸就是为了控制传统造纸对环境所造成的影响.由此推断出，所猜短语的意思

就是"对环境造成的巨大影响"。D.Avastenvironmentalfootprint.（巨大的环境影响）正

确。故选D

（2）A.段落大意题。根据PrintedrewritablepaperismadeusingPrussianbluenanoparticles

（纳米粒子）.（使用普鲁士蓝纳米颗粒制成可印刷的可重写纸）可知，可重写纸是由

普鲁士蓝纳米颗粒制成。然后第二段剩余部分以及文章第三和第四段具体阐述普鲁士蓝

纳米颗粒是如何起到重写功能的。所以文章第二段到第四段主要介绍了这种可重写纸的

原理。A.Workingprinciplesofthenewinvention.（新发明的工作原理）正确。故选A.

（3）D.情感态度题o根据Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusabilityandstability,easyhandling

andlowcost,（这种纸的主要优点是高可重复使用性和稳定性，易操作和低成本）可知，

SeanX.Zhang认为这种新型的纸具有高可重复使用性和稳定性，易操作和低成本。由此

推知，Seanx.Zhang觉得这种纸非常环保。A.expensive昂贵的；B.unreliable不可靠的；

C.conventional依照惯例的；D.eco-friendly环保的。故选D.

（4）A.标题判断题。根据NowchemistYadongYinoftheUniversityof

Califormia,Riverside,andhiscolleagueshavedeveloped"rewritable"paperthatcouldhelp

controlthatimpact.（现在，加州大学河滨分校的化学家尹亚东和他的同事开发出了可重

写的纸，可以帮助控制这种影响）可知，本文主要讲述了尹亚东和他的同事所研发的一

种新型的可重写的纸。再结合SeanX.Zhang所说的Thekeyadvantagesarehighreusability

andstability,easyhandlingandlowcost,（这种纸的主要优点是高可重复使用性和稳定性，

易操作和低成本）可知，这种新型的可重写的纸可以通过擦拭和反复使用来保护环境。

由此推知这种纸有着可反复擦拭、反复使用和并且起到环保的特点。那么A项

Print,wipe,rewrite（印刷、擦拭、重写）就是对这种可重写纸张特点的概括，符合全文

大意。故选A.

本文是一篇说明文，讲述了来自加州大学河滨分校的尹亚东和他的同事发明了一种可重

写的纸，以此来减少传统纸对环境造成的危害。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】D

【知识点】科技信息与发明创新

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第三段Theheatreleasedperstagewillbeusedbythenext

stage.Inthisway,theteam'sdevicecanconverttheenergyofsunlightintotheenergyofwater

evaporationwithanefficiencyof385percent.（每级释放的热量将用于下一级。这样该团

队的设备可以将阳光的能量转化为水蒸发的能量，效率为385%。）可知释放的热量的

循环利用对设备的高效率贡献最大。C.Therecyclingofreleasedheat.（释放热量的回收）

正确。故选C.

（2）C.段落大意题。根据第四段Thedevicecanbeconsideredasamultilayersolarstill.The

heatisabsorbedbyitsflatpanelsandthentransferredtomakewaterevaporate.Thevaporthen

coolsdownandturnsintoliquidwateronthenextpanel.Asthewateriscollected,thereleased

heatistransfeiTedtothenextlayer.（该装置可视为多层太阳能蒸储器。热量被它的平板吸

收，然后转移到水蒸发。然后蒸汽冷却，在下一个面板上变成液态水。当水被收集时，

释放的热量被转移到下一层。）可知第四段讲述了该装置的工作流程。C.Howthedevice

works.（设备如何工作）正确。故选C.

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第五段Thesystemisdistinguishedfromsomeothersbythefactthat

thereisnoaccumulatedsalttobegotridof.Mostmaterialsofthedemonstrationunitdon'tcost

muchandareeasytoget.（该系统与其他一些系统的区别在于，没有积累的盐可以清除。

示范单位的大部分材料成本不高，而且容易获得。）可知它的零盐积累使该装置不同于

其他系统。A.Itszeroaccumulationofsalt.（盐的零积累）正确。故选A.

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Researcherswillalsoworkonthedesignofthedeviceto

makeitmoreconsumer-friendly.（研究人员还将致力于该设备的设计，使其更方便消费者。）

可知研究人员对该设备进行了进一步的实验，以使其适合消费者使用。DTomakeit

suitableforusebyconsumers.（使它适合消费者使用）正确。故选D.

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院和中国的研究人员开发了一种简单的太阳能

海水淡化系统。

第14页，共22页

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】G【小题4】C【小题5】F

【知识点】语篇范围

【解析】（1）D.话题导入题。根据上文"Leadershipinvolvesinfluencingcolleaguessothat

theyfollowagivendirectionorgoal.（领导力包括影响同事，让他们遵循既定的方向或目

标。）”可知，D项"Itisoftenstatedthatleadershiphasthreemainfunctionswithingroups.

（人们常说，领导在团队中有三种主要功能）”符合题意。该项中的threemainfunctions

withingroups与上文的influencingcolleagues保持一致。故选D.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据下文"Inthisroletheleaderwillensurethegrouphassufficientfunds

tocarryoutitstasks.（在这个角色中，领导将确保小组有足够的资金来执行其任务。）”

可知，该空处要承接下文，A项"Aleadershouldactasanambassadorforthegroup.（领

导者应该充当团体的大使）”符合题意。该项中的actasanambassador与下文中的Inthis

role相吻合。故选A.

（3）G.细节理解题。根据该段主题句Thethirdisthe'strategicfunctio