习题讲解-主旨大意

高三英语阅技巧指导陆姗姗高三（2）班2011.11.15

ReadingStrategies(1stperiod)CheckyourAnswers!123456细节理解观点态度篇章结构推理判断阅读题型主旨大意猜测词义主旨大意题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。多就文章的主要内容、主题或标题进行设问。主旨大意Themainideaofthepassageis...Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?What’sthebestheadlineforthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe...Fromthepassageweknowthat…常见的题干形式如下：Themainideaofthepassageis...Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?What’sthebestheadlineforthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe...Fromthepassageweknowthat…主旨大意1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease,cancer,smokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Smokingcancausecancer.B.SmokingisaterriblekillerC.Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.D.Anexperimentonsmoking.Practice：小结：正向法。

思考：体裁？是否有主题句？(detail)(detail)(detail)2

…Usuallynoonelooksmoreguilty(内疚的)thantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.

Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Aprofessionalcriminallooksmoreinnocentthanothers.B.Don’tjudgeothersbyappearance.C.Trytohideone’sownweakness.D.Allofuscanjudgeothers.以偏概全以偏概全

笼统

小结：逆向法。思考：体裁？是否有主题句？

3

Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothertype.Amuchbetteronewhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“bait(诱饵)andswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSale(detail)思考：体裁？是否有主题句？4AcoupleofyearsagoItookthefamilyonawintervacationtoNewYorkcitytoexperiencetheholidayatmosphere.Thelongestlinesthatweekweren’tinthehalloftheempirestatebuilding,attheStatueofLibertyferryoranyofNewYork‘sotherlandmarks,butinthesquarewherethecrowdtogetintoFAOSchwarz(atoystore)snakedaroundtheblock.（4分钟）

Theauthorwantstotellus____inthisPara.A.thedistribution（分散分发)ofpeople.B.thepoortrafficconditions.C.thepopularityofatoystoreD.theniceholidayatmosphere.小结：统计法。具有概括性。思考：体裁？是否主题句？Strategies1.正向法：2.逆向法：

3.归纳法：Strategies1.正向法：速读文章，找主题句或自己概括主题，从选项中找出最符合的。2.逆向法：假设题目中的选项为标题，其写法是否与所给文章一致。3.归纳法：有些段落文章有多个句子段落，各句、段主题可能完全不同，此时应选择涉及最多的选项。干扰项的陷阱：1、以偏概全，干扰项故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出现过的某一个观点当成整篇文章的主题。2、过于笼统，放大或缩小文章的主题，把文章的主题进行放大或缩小。

Areyouready?Areyouready?Challengeyourself!TypesOf

Paragraph

StructurestypeThepositionofthetopicInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……detailsParagraphideasPassageideaHowtogetthemainideaofapassage?Homework:VocabularyrecitingReadingonthehandoutThanksforlistening实战练习：

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（3分钟）

1.whatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.whoisMagellanB.Magellan’stripwasthefirstonetosurroundtheworld.

实战练习：

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（5分钟）

2.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage

①

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.

①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage6Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.

Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage(toonarrow)(toonarrow)(toobroad)(proper)

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TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.（2分钟）

Themainideaofthisparagraphistha