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考研《英语一》六盘水市水城县2023年统考试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)“Clevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoice.Giftsareeasy–they’regivenafterall.Choicecanbe1.”IgottheideatostartAmazon16yearsago.Icameacrossthefact2theInternetusagewasgrowingat2,300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrew3fast,andtheideaofbuildinganonline4withmillionsoftitleswasveryexcitingtome.Ihadjustturned30yearsold,andI5forayear.ItoldmywifeMacKenziethatIwantedto6myjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’tworksincemoststart-upsdon’t,andIwasn’tsure7toexpect.MacKenzietoldmeI8goforit.Asayoungboy,I’dbeenagarageinventor.I’dalwayswantedtobea(an)9,andshewantedmetofollowmypassion.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywithabunchofvery10people,andIhadabrilliantbossthatImuchadmired.IwenttomybossandtoldhimIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooks11.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralPark,12carefullytome,andfinallysaid,“Thatsoundslikeareallygoodidea,13itwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjob.”Thatlogic14tome,andheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hours15makingafinaldecision.Seeninthatlight,itreallywasa(an)difficult16,butfinally,IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregrettryingandfailing.
AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbehaunted(纠缠)byadecisiontonot17atall.Aftermuchconsideration,Itooktheless18pathtofollowmy19,andI’mproudofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareour20.1、A.easyB.hardC.valuableD.wrong2、A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whether3、A.thisB.thatC.atD.by4、A.bankB.clothesstoreC.bookstoreD.jobmarket5、A.gotmarriedB.havemarriedC.hadmarriedD.hadbeenmarried6、A.continueB.offerC.getD.quit7、A.howB.whoC.whatD.when8、A.mustn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.should9、A.workerB.inventorC.managerD.farmer10、A.smartB.stupidC.lazyD.bad11、A.inthefirmB.onthefarmC.ontheInternetD.intheAmazon12、A.saidB.sayingC.listenedD.listening13、A.butB.andC.becauseD.or14、A.madesometroubleB.madesomesenseC.madenosenseD.madenocontributions15、A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.for16、A.giftB.companyC.wayD.choice17、A.sayB.listenC.tryD.ask18、A.safeB.hardC.longD.dangerous19、A.bossB.inventorC.passionD.regret20、A.giftsB.bossesC.firmaD.choicesSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anewkeyboardcantellwhetheryouareitsowner.Thekeyboardrecordsinformationaboutthetypingpatternandsendsittoacomputerprogram.Theprogramthencheckstoseeifthetypingpatternandsendsittoacomputerprogram.Theprogramthencheckstoseeifthepatternmatchestherightuser,Ifnot,analarmsounds,andthecomputerlocksthetypistout.Itlocksoutanyoneelse,evenifthanpersonknowspassword.What’smore,thisdeviceneedsnobatteries.Itharvestsallthepersonknowsyourpassword.What’smore,thisdeviceneedsnobatteries.Itharvestsalltheenergyitneedsfromtheactionofyourtyping.Besides,thekeyboardisalsoself-cleaningandthekeysarefreeofdamagefromwater,oilanddirt.Thekeysofthenewkeyboardaremadeofthesameinexpensiveplasticthatmightbefoundonanyotherstandardkeyboard.Butinsteadofbeingsmooth,thekeyshavemillionsoftinyplasticnanowires(纳米线)ontheirsurfaceareatoeverykey,increasingthegffectivecontactareabetweentheplasticsandfingers.Thisensuresthatthere’senoughpowertorunthekeyboardassomeonetypes.LimingDai,ascientist,didnotworkonthenewkeyboard,buthethinksthedesigncouldbeimportantingettingbetterperformancefromavarietyofdevices.“Itcouldalsobeappliedtoatouchscreen,forinstance,”Daisays.“Thensmartphonesandnotepadscouldharvestenergyfromtheactionofsomeonetypingordrawing.”“Futureworkmightmakethekeyboardevenmoreuseful,”Daiadds.“Alaterdesignmightbuildtinycapacitors(电容器)ontothenanowires,”hesuggests.Capacitorsarelittledevicesthattemporarilystoreelectriccharges.ThosemightthenLEDstolightaKeyboardinthedark.ZhonglinWangisaco-designerofthenewkeyboard.Histeamhasbuildaworkingmodelofthekeyboard.“Ifacompanydecidestofund(投资)itsproduction,thiskeyboardcouldbeinstoresinaslittleastwoyears,”saysWang.1、Howdoesthenewkeyboardtellwhetheryouareitsowner?A.Bycheckingtherightuser’spasswords.B.Bysendingalarmstoacomputerprogram.C.Bymatchingthetypingpatterntotherightuser.D.Byrecordinginformationaboutthetypingpattern.2、Whyaretheremanynanowiresonthesurfaceofthekeys?A.Tomakethekeysbeautiful.B.Tohelpproducepower.C.Tomakethekeyssmooth.D.Toimprovethespeedoftyping.3、What’sDai’sattitudetothenewkeyboard?A.Unconcerned.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Critical.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewKeyboardMadeofNanowires.B.ANewKeyboardPoweredbyTyping.C.ANewKeyboard’sFuture.D.ANewKeyboardEntirelyOwnedbyYouText2HeartheWindBlowbyMaryDowningHahnOnacold,snowynight,13-year-oldHaswellMagrudermakesanimportantdecision.AwoundedConfederatesoldierappearsatthefamily’sfarm,andHaswellconvinceshismothertotakethemanin.Unfortunately,thissetsoffahorrificchainofeventsthatleavestheirhouseburnedtothegroundandtheirfarminruins.Withnohomeleft,Haswellsetsoutinsearchofhisolderbrother,aConfederatesoldier.GhostsofGreenglassHousebyKateMilfordThirteen-year-oldMilois,onceagain,spendingthewinterholidaysstuckinahousefullofguestswhoarenotwhattheyseem.Therearefreshcluestouncoverasfriendsoldandnewjoininhissearchforamysteriousmap.Theexcitingendingtothebelovedbookissuretothrillbothfansandnewcomers.MargeinChargebyIslaFisherJemimaandJakeButtondon’tknowwhattomakeoftheirnewbabysitter,Marge.Whenshefirstarrives,she’sdressedlikeagrandmaandlooksveryserious.ButassoonasMommyandDadaregone,Margeletsdownherhairandtheadventuresbegin.JemimaandJakearen’tsupposedtoshootapplejuiceoutofwaterguns,orthrowimpromptu(即兴的)concertsduringmusicclass—butwithMargehere,everything’sgonemessy!MaxTilt:FiretheDepthsbyPeterLerangisWhen13yearoldMaxTiltfindshisgreat-great-grandfatherJulesVerne’sunfinished,unpublishedmanuscript(手稿),TheLostTreasures,hedoesn’trealizethathe’sfoundtheanswerstoallhisproblems.Herealizesthatthebookholdsthekeytosomethingincrediblyvaluable.Atreasurethatcansavehishouse—andmaybehisentirefamily.1、WhydidaConfederatesoldierenterthefamily’sfarm?A.Hewasinjured.B.Hewantedtosearchforamysteriousmap.C.Hedesiredtodestroythefarm.D.HewasfamiliarwithHaswell’sbrother.2、WhatmighthappenafterMomandDadleave?A.Margebecomesmorecruel.B.Margedressesherselflikeagrandma.C.JemimaandJakewillmakeapplejuice.D.JemimaandJakestartdoingsomethingcrazy.3、Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.MaxTiltisfondofreadingfictions.B.MaxTilt’sfamilyhasbeenwealthy.C.TheunfinishedbookmattersalottoMax’sfamily.D.MaxTilthasbeenhuntingforsomelosttreasures.Text3Ifwatchingkidsisn’tquitethepart-timejobyou’dwanttokeepyourselfbusywithduringthesummerholidays,thenherearesomeofthecoolestjobsforteens.CampCounselor(辅导员)Thoughit’skindofababysittingjob,it’smuchmorefunasitexposesyoutomanyskillssuchasteamworkingandmanyotheractivities.Anotheradvantageofthiskindofjobisthatyouaremorelikelytomakenewfriendsasyouwillbeworkingwithanumberofpeople.LifeGuardThiswillnotbeajobforanyoneasitisquitedemandingwhenyou’rereallyneeded.Undercalmconditions,thejobinvolvessittingbythepoolsideasyouwatchoverswimmersandhelpingthemincaseofemergencies.Forlifeguardtasks,specialtrainingandcertificationsarerequired.DogWalkerForanimallovers,youhavenotbeenleftout.Thisjobinvolvestakingcareofdogsandwalkingthem.Funasitis,dogwalkingcanbeaboringexerciseespeciallyifyouhavemorethanonedogtowalk.Asforthisjob,youneedtoadvertiseyourselfinyourneighborhoodbyusingflyersorapproachingdogownerstoaskiftheyneedyourservices.Retail&FoodServiceIfyouare14andabovethenyoumayconsidergettinga“real”jobasastoreorrestaurantattendantthissummer.Creatingaresume(简历)foryourselfwithalltherequiredinformationsuchascontactinformationandanyskillorworkingexperiencethatyou’dlikeyouremployertoknowaboutisimportant.1、Asacampcounselor,wecan.A.havechancestomakemorenewfriendsB.earnmuchmoremoneythanotherjobsC.getarealjobinastoreorrestaurantD.learntostaycalmincaseofemergencies2、Whichjobrequiresmakingyourselfknowntoneighbors?A.CampCounselor.B.LifeGuard.C.DogWalker.D.Retail&FoodService.3、What’sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toencourageteenstotakesummerjobs.B.Torecommendcoolsummerjobstoteens.C.Towarnteensoftherisksinsummerjobs.D.Tointroducesummerjobsforteenstoparents.Text4Itisoneoftheoldestmagictricksinthebook—amagicianlocksawomaninabox,withherheadandfeetstickingoutfromeitherend,andsaws(锯)itinhalf.Butwhenshefinallyjumpsoutofthebox,thewomanisunharmed.Thistrickwasintroducednearlyacenturyago.Ithasbeenaroundforsometime,butitnevergoeswrong.Whyisitsosuccessful?Theanswerissimple:thehumanmindiseasilyfooled.Ourbrainprocessestheworldaroundusbasedoninformationthatsensoryorgans,includingtheeyes,pickup.Forinstance,whenweseeacoworahorsestandingbehindatree,weautomatically“fillin”thepartoftheanimal’sbodythatishiddenfromoursight.“Sothebrainistakingthiskindofverysparse(匮乏的)informationabouttheworldandit’sgeneratingthisrichworldbyfillingininformation,”StephenMacknik,ascientistattheBarrowNeurologicalInstituteinArizona,US,toldSciencemagazine.Butsinceourbrainsarefillinginthegaps,sometimestheygetitwrong.Theytendtobedrivenbyourpreviousexperiencesandweexpectthingstogoastheyhaveinthepastevenifsometimestheydonot.Thistendencyexplainsmagicians’successinfoolingpeoplewithwell-knowncointricks.Forexample,whenyouseeamagicianthrowacoinupanddowninonehandandthenfakeacointhrowntotheotherhand,youwouldnaturallybelievethatthecoinisintheotherhand.Apartfromtheinformationgaps,magiciansalsousethe“blindspots”theorywhendoingtheirshows.Themostwell-knownexperimentdemonstratingthistheoryiscalledthe“invisiblegorilla(大猩猩)”,inwhichvolunteerswatchavideooftwobasketballteams.Theyareaskedtocounthowmanytimestheteamswearingwhiteshirtspasstheball.Inthemeantime,apersondressedasagorillawalksontothecourt.Butshockingly,halfoftheviewersdon’tnoticethegorilla,evenwhentheyappeartobelookingdirectlyatit.Magiciansemploythistactic(招数),whattheycall“misdirection”,inalmosteveryoneoftheiracts.Theydirectourattentionsomewhereelseusingcomedyandmusic,whichcanmakeusmissstuffduringtheperformance.1、Themagictrickismentionedinthefirstparagraphto________.A.introducethestepsofthemagictrickB.provemagictricksseldomgowrongC.revealhowmagictricksaredesignedD.getustowonderhowmagicianstrickthemind2、Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatthehumanmindiseasilyfooledbecauseourbrain________.A.mayhavedifficultyrememberingwhatwejustsawB.fillsininformationaboutthemagicworldC.isinfluencedbyourpreviousexperiencesD.processesfarmoreinformationthanoursensoryorganspickup3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“invisible”inparagraph7referto?A.Unnoticed.B.Unimportant.C.Unpleasant.D.Unprepared.4、Duringthe“invisiblegorilla”experiment,peoplewatchingthevideoignorethe“gorilla”because________.A.theydon’tlookdirectlyatitB.theyarenotinterestedinitC.theyaretoofocusedoncountingD.theyconsiderittobeadistraction5、Whydomagiciansusuallyusecomedyandmusicwhentheyplaymagictricks?A.Togetviewerstostayfocusedontheshow.B.Tomaketheshowmorefunandexciting.C.Todrawviewers’attentionawayfromasecretaction.D.Tocreateinformationgapsbetweenmagiciansandviewers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Calligraphy,theartofwriting,wasthevisualartformprizedaboveallothersintraditionalChinaPaintingwascontemporarywithcalligraphy,sharing1.sametools—namely,brushandinkYetcalligraphywasregarded2.afineartlongbeforepaintingThestatusofcalligraphyreflectstheimportanceofthewordinChina3.makesthewrittenwordsdistinctiveisitsvisualformHowever,despiteitsabstract4.(appear),calligraphyisnotanabstractformChinesecharactersaredynamic,closelyconnectedwiththeforcesofnatureandthekinesthetic(运动)energiesofthehumanbodyHowcanasimplecharacterconveyallthis?Theuseofbrushandink5.(have)muchtodowithitAcalligraphercancontrolthe6.(thick)oftheinkbyvaryingboththeamountofwaterandthesolidinkOncehestartswriting,byloadingthebrushsometimeswith7.(much)inkorsometimeswithless,hecreatescharactersthatresembleashowerofrockshereandadropofdew(露珠)thereTheChinesewrittenlanguage8.(begin)todevelopmorethan3,000yearsagoand9.(eventual)evolvedintofivebasicscripttypesOverthecenturies,calligrapherswerefreetowriteinanyofthem,10.(depend)onthetext’sfunctionThecalligraphictraditionremainsalivetodayWhenscholarsofinternationalrelationspredictthatthe21stcenturywillbea“Chinesecentury”,theyarefullofreasons1.Americaremainstheonlysuperpower,ChinaisresponsibleforanimportantshareofglobalchangeSince2.startofthefinancialcrisisin2008,forexample,Chinahasaccounted3.45%ofthegaininworldGDPIn1990about750millionChinesepeoplelivedinextremepoverty;todayfewerthan10milliondoItsGDPperperson,intermsofpurchasing-power,4.(rise)tentimessince5.China’samazing6.(perform)hasgreatlyaffectedtheworld’seconomicoutputTheEconomisthasworkedoutageographiccenteroftheglobaleconomyby7.(take)anaverageofeachcountry’slatitudeandlongitude(经纬度),8.(measure)byitsGDPAttheheightofAmerica’scontrol,thispoint9.(previous)satinthenorthAtlanticButChinahaspulleditsofareast10.theglobalcenterofeconomicgravity11.(be)nowinSiberiaSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)5waystofocusyourmind1.FocuswithapurposeThemistakemostpeoplemakeislackingaclearpurpose-theywanttobemorefocused,butdon’tknowwhatfor.Avoidanceisthemotherofdistraction.Ifyoudon’thaveaconcretereasontostayfocused,yourmindwilljumpfromonethingtoanother.Trainingyourmindtopayattentionrequiressomethingtofocuson.1、.Whenyoudon’thaveapurpose,it’seasiertogetdistracted.Conversely,havingaclear‘why’willhelpyoustayfocused.2.SolvearealproblemMostofthetimes,wearedoingmeaninglesswork.Wejumpfromonetasktoanotherwithoutaccomplishinganything.Weendsolvingthewrongproblemandloseourfocus.Youhavetodecidewhatyourprioritiesare—focusonwhatwilladvanceyourdaily,weeklyormonthlygoals.Leamtosaynototherest.2、.Thosewholackfocusarebusyfightingurgent,butirrelevantfires.3.Eliminate(消除)otheroptions3、,it’shardertogetdistracted,Createruleswhereyoucan’tstartanewactivityuntilyoufinishedanotheronefirst.Forexample,inagoodday,Pinkleaveshisofficeat10-10:30.Onabadday,hemightstay‘disconnected’until2or3PM.Whenyoucliminatealloptions,it’seasiertofocusontheonlythingthat’sleft.4.4、.Whenyourworkandyourmentalstatearenotaligned(使结盟),theycreateanemotionaldissonance.Focusingishard,Dealingwiththisstressfulfeelingbecomesanadditionaldistraction.Adaptingyourworktoyourmentalstateincreasesyourfocus.Leamtounderstandthetypesofworkyoudoandalignthemwithyourmentalstates.5.SetdeadlinesDeadlinesaremorethanbringingyourgoalstolife.Yes,committingtoaspecificdateincreasesyourchancestoachieveanobjective.However,thepowerofdeadlinesliesincreatingaconstraint.Limitationsbenefitbothcreativityandproductivity—bychallengingourselves,weincreaseourfocus.5、.A.Whenyoudon’thavechoicesB.WhenyoucreatesomerulesC.TakeadvantageofyourmentalstateD.CombineyouractionwithyourmentalstateE.FocusonimportantthingsandsuppressurgencyF.FocusingrequireshavinganintentionforyourattentionG.UsingdeadlinessmartlycanmotivateyouwithlesspressureEveryonewantstoachievehappinessandsmile.7、Howdowefindrealhappinessandsmile?Bygettingrich?Incaseyouarescratchingyourhead,lookingforsomereaso
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