2023-2024学年河南省创新发展联盟高二（上）第一次联考英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年河南省创新发展联盟高二（上）第一次联考英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AAsanimportantpartofThreeParallelRiversScenicArea，PotatsoNationalPark（PudacuoNationalPark）isfamousforlush（草木繁茂的）mountains，meadows（草地），lakes，rareanimalsandTibetanculture.Abouta50-minutedrivefromdowntownShangri-La，theparkcontainsthreemainparts：ShuduLakeScenicArea，BitahaiLakeScenicArea，andMilitangAlpinePasture.Youcanreachthembythetouristbusfromtheparkentrance.

Travelingaroundtheparkcanbequiterelaxingifyoutakethebustoseeeachscenicareaonebyone.Woodenboardwalksalongthelakesallowyouaneasywalkasyoutakeinthebeautifullakeviewsandthesurroundingmountainscenery.Oryoucantakeaboattriponthelakesforamorerelaxingscenicexperience.

Ifyouwantmoreofachallenge，therearealsosomeshorthikingroutesinthepark.Horseridingisalsoavailableinthepark.

Routeone：WalkfromLourongVillagetoJietiWaterfall--about2.2km，takingabout50minutes.Youwillseebeautifulriverviewsalongsidethepath.

Routetwo：ShuduLakeNorthShorePiertoTibetanCultureExperienceArea--about3km，takingabout1.5hours.Youcanseetheprimeval（原始的）forestandenjoyTibetancultureduringthishikingtrip.

Suitablefor：naturelovers，hikers.

Access：Shangri-Laisabouta6-hourflightfromBeijing.

Besttimetovisit：TheweatheriscomfortablefromMaytoSeptemberandthemeadowsarefullofbloomingwildflowers.

Recommendedvisittime：ahalfdayforthepark，but3daysaresuggestedforaShangri-Latrip.YoucanalsoextendthetriptoLijiangandMeiliSnowMountain，whicharebothwithin4hours'driving.1.Whatistheparkfamousfor？______A.Newtemplesandhistoricalsites.

B.Rarewildlifeandnaturalscenery.

C.Adventuresportsandexcitingactivities.

D.Traditionalfestivalsandmusicalperformances.2.Whatcanvisitorsdointhepark？______A.Swiminthelakes.

B.Participateinhorseracing.

C.Takeaboattriponthelakes.

D.Rentacarfromworkersofthepark.3.Whenisthebesttimetovisitthepark？______A.FromDecembertoFebruary. B.FromMarchtoApril，.

C.FromMaytoSeptember. D.FromOctobertoNovember.BForthepastyear，Diannehasbeenwalking2.7milestothemarketplacedownHighlandRoadwheresheworks.Sheusedtodoitfivetimesaweeksincehercarbrokedownlastyear.

Itwastiringandtimeconsumingforherbutshedidn'thaveachoicebecauseofherfinancialsituation.Everythingchangedwhensomethingunexpectedhappened.

Shewaswalkinghomefromworkandshedecidedtostopatthegasstationtograbasnack.However，beforeshecouldsetherfootinside，shenoticedsomethingoutoftheordinary.Shelookeddownonthegroundandfoundaplasticbagwithalargesumofmoneyinit.Shewasshockedtoseehowmuchmoneywasinsidetheplasticbagbutshewouldn'ttakeit.Asagrandmotheroftwo，sheknewexactlywhattodo.

Shedidwhatsheknewwasrightandcalledthepolice.Itdidn'ttakelongforthepoliceofficerstofindtheownersofthemoneysincetherewerecardswiththeiraddress.Itturnedoutthatthemoneywasownedbyacouplewhogotmarriedearlierthatday.ThecashDiannefoundwasatotalof﹩14，780andthepolicereturnedittothecouplewhoownedit.

Dianne'shonestymadeagreatimpactonthepoliceofficersaswellastheirfamilies.Apoliceofficer'swifesetupaGoFundMetohelpDianne，hopingthatalotofpeoplewouldbetouchedbyherkindness.TheGoFundMehasraisedover﹩60，000.

Diannereceivedabrand-newJeepasarewardforhergooddeed.Diannesaidshewouldliketopayitforwardsoshewasgoingtogiveherco-workersaridewhentheyneededone.Shealsohassomeadviceforeveryone：Ifyoufindsomethingthatdoesn'tbelongtoyou，don'tkeepit.4.HowdidDiannegotoworkayearago？______A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bytrain. D.Bycar.5.WhydidDianneleavehercarunrepaired？______A.Shelackedtime. B.Sheownedanewone.

C.Shewantedtoworkout. D.Shewasshortofmoney.6.WhatwasDianne'sreactionwhenseeingtheamountofthemoney？______A.Unbelievable. B.Uncomfortable. C.Satisfied. D.Frightened.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory？______A.Healthisbetterthanwealth.

B.Onegoodturndeservesanother.

C.Careandworkinghardbringluck.

D.Peoplealwayshelpthosewhohelpthemselves.CThedrone（无人机）isflyingabovetheAmazonRiverinBrazil，butitsbatteryisrunninglow.AndreCoelho，thechiefpilot，guidesitbacktosafetywithskillsperfectedbyplayingvideogames.Longhours'practicinghasbecomeasurprisingbenefitinanefforttoconservedolphinsthatliveintheriver.MarceloOliveira，aconservationspecialist，standsonthebowofaboat.Hepullsthewhitedronefromtheair，changesthebattery，andquicklysendsitbackinthesky.

Later，scientistswillexaminethevideowhichhasrecordedforsignsofthetwospeciesofdolphinsthatinhabittheriver：thepinkandbulbousboto（亚马孙河豚），andthesmaller，prettiertucuxi（白海豚）.Exactlyhowmanyliveinthebasinisamystery.SomestudieshavesuggestedadeclineofthepinkdolphinsinspecificareasoftheAmazonRiver，buttheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature（IUCN）saysthereisn'tenoughdataavailableforeitherspeciesofdolphins..

"Weneedtobaseeverythingonharddata，"saysMiriamMarmontel，ascientist."Weneedtofocusonwhat'sreallycriticaltohelpusgettoarealsituationthatcaninfluencepolicy.Weneednumbers.Weneedinformationondeathandreproduction.

Marmontel'sbiggestconcernisthatdolphinsarebeingcaughtinthenetsoflocalfishermen.Scientistshavealsogivenawarningagainstfishermen'skillingbotos.Pollutionfromgoldminingisalsoaconcern.

ThescientistswanttousetheinformationtheycollecttopersuadetheIUCNtolistthebotoandthetucuxiasendangeredspecies.Fundingagenciesandgovernmentswantevidence.WithouttheIUCN'scategorization，it'sdifficulttoraisethemoneyforprotectionmeasures.

Theyhopetheirdronemonitoringwilldothetrick.DuringthreetripstotheAmazonlastyear，theteamhasrecordedabout70samples（样本）thatwillcontributetoamoreaccurateestimateofdolphinpopulationsintheAmazonbasin.8.WhatareCoelhoandOliveiradoingintheAmazonRiver？______A.Testingthedronetheydesignedforfun.

B.Recordingthevideooftheflowingriver.

C.Collectingdataondolphinswithadrone.

D.Playingavideogame.9.WhatcanmakeMiriamMarmontelworrymostaccordingtothetext？______A.Thefishermen'slivingconditions.

B.Themoneyforprotectionmeasures.

C.Thepollutionfromthegoldmining.

D.Thedolphinsbeingcaughtbyfishermen.10.Whatisthepurposeofthedronemonitoring？______A.ToraisemoneytoprotecttheAmazonbasin.

B.Tofindevidencefortheneedtotakemeasures.

C.TourgegovernmentstorecordAmazonspecies.

D.TogetanexactnumberofspeciesintheAmazon.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothedronemonitoringinthetext？______A.Indifferent. B.Negative. C.Approving. D.Unclear.DAsmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors（肿瘤）orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.

Researchers，ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart，Germany，developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins（穿山甲）.Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic（磁性的）materials，allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.

Toenablemovement，shapeshifting，andheatgeneration，theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot'smetalparts.Byadjustingthefrequencyofthesefields，therobotwasabletoheatupandgiveoutheatintoitssurroundings.Theteamobservedthattherobot'sbodytemperaturecouldbeover70℃.

Inaddition，theresearchersusedtherobot'sheattodeliversubstanceswithinasimulated（模拟的）stomachenvironment.Theyattachedsomethingsimulatingmedicinecapsulesontotherobot，whichdissolveduponheating，therebyreleasingthegoods.Thistechniqueholdspromisefortargeteddrugdeliveryinsidethebody.

Soon，histeamalsotestedtherobot'sabilitytohaltbleeding.Theycreatedwoundsusingadeadpig'sstomach.Bypumpingbloodthroughasmallincisionusingasyringe，theysimulatedbleeding.Subsequently，therobotextendedandcoveredthearea，givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.

AccordingtoJakeAbbottfromtheUniversityofUtah，therobotcouldpotentiallybeemployedfortargeteddestructionoftumorcells，reducingtheneedforexposinglargeamountsoftissuetoradiationorchemicals.Byraisingtherobot'stemperaturetoalevelunsafefornormalcellsandkeepingitinplaceforafewminutes，cancercellscanbekilled.Abbottemphasizesthehightemperaturesensitivityofthehumanbody.12.Whatcanweinferaboutthesmallrobot？______A.Ithasbeenputintouse.

B.Itismainlyusedtodelivergoods.

C.Itdrawsinspirationfromthenaturalworld.

D.Itcan'tbeusedwithoutaddinghardelements.13.Howdotheresearchersmaketherobotchangeshape？______A.Byusingheat. B.Byusingmagnets.

C.Byusingradiation. D.Byusingchemicals.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"halt"inparagraph5mean？______A.Stop. B.Challenge. C.Evaluate. D.Explore.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.ATinyRobotWillBeUsedInMedicine

B.ScientistsWillMakeRobotsGiveOutHeat

C.ASmallRobotWasMadeToDeliverGoods

D.DoctorsHaveUsedTinyRobotsToCureTumors二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Whiletheroadtosuccessmaydifferforeachindividual，therearecertainsuggestionsthatcanguideyoualongtheway.

（1）______Thefirststeptowardssuccessistoestablishclearandspecificgoals.Takethetimetoidentifyyourpassions，interests，andlong-termaspirations（志向）.Setbothshort-termandlong-termgoalsthatarerealistic，measurableandachievable.Havingaclearsenseofdirectionwillkeepyoufocusedandpositive.

Createaplan.Onceyouhavesetyourgoals，createawell-organizedplan.Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall，manageabletasks.（2）______Putyourtasksinorderofimportance，setdeadlines，andregularlyreviewandadjustyourplanasneeded.Consistencyanddiscipline（自制力）arekeytostayingontrack.

Continuouslearning.Neverstoplearningandimproving.（3）______Whetherit'sthroughformaleducation，workshops，orself-study，investinacquiringnewknowledgeandskills.Stayupdatedwithindustrytrendsandadvancements，andadaptaccordingly.Acommitmenttolifelonglearningwillenhanceyourexpertiseandopendoorstonewopportunities.

Embracechallengesandtakerisks.Successoftencomeswithtakingcalculatedrisksandsteppingoutofyourcomfortzone.Bewillingtoembracenewchallenges，astheyprovideopportunitiesforgrowthandinnovation.Overcomingobstacles（阻碍）willdevelopresilienceandbuildcharacter.Remember，failureisnotfinal.（4）______

Buildasupportnetwork.Surroundyourselfwithasupportiveandlikemindednetworkofindividualswhoinspireandmotivateyou.（5）______Theirguidance，advice，andexperiencescanprovidevaluableinsightsforyouandhelpyougetthroughchallenges.

Inconclusion，successisapersonaldefinitionthatvariesforeachindividual.Withsomeproperstrategies，youcanimproveyourpotentialandachievesuccess.

A.Setcleargoals.

B.Keepyourowncharacter.

C.It'swhatyouarelookingfor.

D.It'sasteppingstonetowardssuccess.

E.Createatimelinetotrackyourprogress.

F.Staycuriousandseekopportunitiesforyourgrowth.

G.Seekteacherswhohaveachievedsuccessinyourdesiredfield.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Igraduatedfromuniversityin2018.Iaccepteda（1）______asahighwaysengineerforaglobalengineeringconsultancy（咨询公司）.Iworkedtherefor11months.Iworkedon（2）______highwayprojectswhichmeantIcouldcommunicatewithdifferentpeople.

（3）______，IknewthatIwantedacareerinConcreteEngineering（混凝土工程）.Aftersomeresearch，IfoundtheroleIhadbeen（4）______.Currently，I'manAssistantMaterialsEngineerataconstructioncompany.Inmyrole，Iassist（5）______byreviewingtheirconcretespecifications（规范），managingmaterialstesting，siteinvestigationsandcommunicatingwithdifferentdepartments.Ihaveworkedinavarietyofdepartments-highways，bridges，（6）______，tunnelsandairports.Inmyday-to-dayrole，Iactivelyusethe（7）______fromthemodulesIenjoyedthemost.Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance，Ihavegota（n）（8）______tostudyformymastersdegreeparttimeatImperialCollegeLondon，whichwillbe（9）______bymyboss!

Iloveusingmyvoiceandexperiencesto（10）______theyoungergenerationtoconsideracareerinconstruction.Theconstructionindustryhasallowedmeto（11）______variousavenues（途径）andspeakopenlyaboutmyexperiences!

WorkingintheconstructionindustryisadecisionthatIwillnever（12）______.IthaschangedmywholelifeandthewayIviewthe（13）______andithasmademewanttoexplorethebeautifulworldwelivein.I'vestartedsolo（14）______andithastakenmetoallcornersoftheEarth.Ilovehowdiversetheworldis.Diversityiswhatmakesusall（15）______.21.A.dream B.course C.way D.role22.A.various B.similar C.simple D.official23.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Otherwise24.A.lookinginto B.lookingfor C.takingover D.takingup25.A.consultants B.skills C.projects D.people26.A.books B.buildings C.comments D.researches27.A.defence B.energy C.authority D.knowledge28.A.offer B.job C.excuse D.country29.A.refused B.owned C.supported D.constructed30.A.persuade B.encourage C.permit D.cause31.A.recover B.study C.avoid D.explore32.A.regret B.admit C.adjust D.stand33.A.experience B.empire C.world D.ground34.A.singing B.traveling C.performing D.living35.A.happy B.curious C.active D.unique四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

HenanOpera，knownasYujuOpera，isatraditionalChineseoperaformthatoriginated（1）______HenanProvince.Withitsrichhistory，uniquemusicalstyle，andattractiveperformances，HenanOpera（2）______（hold）aspecialplaceinChineseculturalheritage.

HenanOperaevolvedfromlocalfolkartforms，integrating（3）______（element）ofstorytelling，singinganddancing.ItgainedpopularityduringtheQingDynastyandbecameanimportantregionaloperastyleinHenan.Today，it（4）______（recognize）asoneofthenationalintangibleculturalheritagetreasuresofChina.

HenanOperaischaracterizedbyitspleasantvocalstyle（5）______distinctivemusicalaccompaniment.Theperformancescontainvariousinstrumentslikedrums，flutes，andstringed（有弦的）instruments，creatingaharmoniousensemble（乐团）.The（6）______（careful）preparedcostumesandbrightmakeupimprovethevisualappeal，andtheskilledperformers'gesturesandmovementsconveyemotionsandnarratives，captivatingaudiences.

HenanOpera，（7）______oftenexploresloyalty，love，justice，andfamilyvalues，drawsfromhistoricalevents，folktales，legends，andliteraryclassics，（8）______（show）adiverserangeofthemes.Thestoriesarepresentedthroughpoeticdialogues，intricatechoreography（编舞），andsymbolicgestures，engagingtheaudiencewith（9）______（they）profoundmessages.

Effortsarebeingmade（10）______（preserve）andpromoteHenanOperaaspartofChineseculturalheritage.Modernadaptationsandinnovationshelpattractyoungeraudienceswhilepreservingitstraditionalessence.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你想跟你的交换生同学Amy多交流练习口语。请你给她写一封电子邮件，邀请她作为你的中英口语互练搭档，内容包括：

（1）说明原因；

（2）发出结伴邀请；

（3）期待回复。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearAmy，

Howareyoudoing？

_______

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Whilewaitinginline，Jasonlookedattheyoungmanbehindhimandgreetedhimwithasmile.

Thenhisturntothecheckoutcountercame.Hehandedinhisdebitcard（借记卡），butmuchtohissurprise，itwasrefusedduetoinsufficientfunds.Thenthemanbehindhimsteppedupandsaid，"Iwillpayforyou."

Jasontoldhim，"Hey，whatareyoutalkingabout？Ican'tletyoudothat.That'stoomuch."ButtheyoungmaninsistedonpayingforJason.

Jasonwantedtopaytheyoungmanback，buthegotsoexcitedwiththeyoungman'sactofkindnessthathedidnotgettheyoungman'sname.Heshouldhavebeenwithhispenandpaperasking，"What'syourname？What'syournumber？"Buthedidn'tthinkitpropertodoso.Asaresult，hejustaskedtotakeaphotowiththestrangerandlaterposteditontheInternettofindhimandthankhim，

"Muchrespectforthisyounggentleman，"Jasonwrote，explaininghisexperiencewiththekindstranger.

Jason'sfriendrecognizedtheyoungman，TheyoungmanisKevinJones.JasongotKevin'snumberandinvitedhimtoagathering.Tohisjoy，Kevinacceptedhisinvitationandtookpartinthegathering.

TheycalleditFamilyDayandtheycookedalotoffoodandinvitedsomeofJason'sfriendsandcousins.

KevintoldJasonthathehelpedhimbecauseheexperiencedthesamething.Atthattime，heexperiencedhavinghisdebitcardrefused，andhehadtoreturnthegroceries（食品杂货）.Heknewthefeelingwhenpeopleexperiencesuchthingsanddidn'twantJasontohavetogothroughthat.

AfterpayingforJason'sgroceriesthatday，Kevinmovedonwithhisdaywithoutexpectinganythingback.Heevendidnottellhiswifeaboutwhathedid.However，Jason'spost，somecallsandmessagesaboutamanwhowantstoreturnafavorreachedhim.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Attheparty，JasonlearnedthedaywasKevin'sbirthday.

_______

Sincethatday，JasonandKevinbecamebrothers.

_______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段AsanimportantpartofThreeParallelRiversScenicArea，PotatsoNationalPark（PudacuoNationalPark）isfamousforlush（草木繁茂的）mountains，meadows（草地），lakes，rareanimalsandTibetanculture.（作为三江并流风景区的重要组成部分，普达措国家公园以郁郁葱葱的山脉、草地、湖泊、珍稀动物和西藏文化而闻名。）可知，普达措国家公园以山脉、草地、湖泊、珍稀动物和西藏文化而闻名。A．New

temples

and

historical

sites.新建寺庙和历史遗迹；B．Rare

wildlife

and

natural

scenery.珍稀野生动物和自然风光；C．Adventure

sports

and

exciting

activities.冒险运动和刺激的活动；D．Traditional

festivals

and

musical

performances.传统节日和音乐表演。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Oryoucantakeaboattriponthelakesforamorerelaxingscenicexperience.（或者你可以乘船游览湖泊，享受更轻松的风景体验。）可知，在普达措国家公园里，游客可以乘船游览湖泊。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据Besttimetovisit部分中TheweatheriscomfortablefromMaytoSeptemberandthemeadowsarefullofbloomingwildflowers.（5月至9月，天气宜人，草地上开满了盛开的野花。）可知，游玩普达措国家公园的最佳时间是5月至9月。故选C。

这篇短文主要介绍了普达措国家公园的景点和活动。公园包含三个主要景区：树砥湖景区、碧塔海湖景区和米拉塘高山牧场。游客可以乘坐旅游巴士依次参观这些景区。游览公园可以选择乘坐巴士或乘船，也可以选择徒步或骑马进行探险。公园适合自然爱好者和徒步者，最佳游览时间是五月至九月，建议游览时间为半天。此外，还可以将行程延长到丽江和梅里雪山。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、D、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中She

used

to

do

it

five

times

a

week

since

her

car

broke

down

last

year.（自从去年她的车坏了以后，她一周走五次。）可知，Dianne在车去年坏了之后，就走路上班，由此表示在此之前都是开车上班的。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段It

was

tiring

and

time

consuming

for

her

but

she

didn't

have

a

choice

because

of

her

financial

situation.（这对她来说既累人又耗时，但由于她的经济状况，她别无选择。）可知，她之所以选择不修车，是因为自己的经济状况不佳即缺钱。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中She

was

shocked

to

see

how

much

money

was

inside

the

plastic

bag

but

she

wouldn't

take

it.（看到塑料袋里有那么多钱，她很震惊，但她不愿意接受。）可知，当看到一袋子钱的时候，她惊呆了即感觉到难以置信。A．Unbelievable难以置信的；B．Uncomfortable不舒服的；C．Satisfied满意的；D．Frightened害怕的。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The

cash

Dianne

found

was

a

total

of

﹩

14，780

and

the

police

returned

it

to

the

couple

who

owned

it.（Dianne发现的现金总额为14780美元，警方将其归还给了拥有它的夫妇。）以及最后一段Dianne

received

a

brand-new

Jeep

as

a

reward

for

her

good

deed.（Dianne得到了一辆崭新的吉普车作为她做好事的奖励。）以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了Dianne走路去市场上班的故事。有一天她在路上捡到了一个装满钱的塑料袋，并主动联系警察找到了失主，得到了赞赏和一辆新车作为奖励。Dianne决定回报社会，并给同事们提供出行帮助。她还提醒大家不要拿走不属于自己的东西。B选项"Onegoodturndeservesanother.（善有善报）"符合文章信息。故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dianne拾金不昧的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】C、D、B、C【解析】

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Long

hours'

practicing

has

become

a

surprising

benefit

in

an

effort

to

conserve

dolphins

that

live

in

the

river.（长时间的练习已经成为保护生活在河里的海豚的一个惊人的好处。）和第二段中的Later，scientists

will

examine

the

video

which

has

recorded

for

signs

of

the

two

species

of

dolphins

that

inhabit

the

river：the

pink

and

bulbous

boto

（亚马孙河豚），and

the

smaller，prettier

tucuxi

（白海豚）.（随后，科学家们将研究这段录像，以寻找生活在这条河上的两种海豚的踪迹：粉色和球茎的水豚，以及体型更小、更漂亮的土曲豚。）可知，科学家们研究无人机拍摄的录像训中生活在这条河上的两种海豚的踪迹。由此推知，他们正在利用无人机收集海豚的信息。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Marmontel's

biggest

concern

is

that

dolphins

are

being

caught

in

the

nets

of

local

fishermen.（Marmontel最担心的是海豚被当地渔民的渔网捕获。）可知，Marmontel最担心的是海豚会被当地渔民的渔网捕获。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段The

scientists

want

to

use

the

information

they

collect

to

persuade

the

IUCN

to

list

the

boto

and

the

tucuxi

as

endangered

species.Funding

agencies

and

governments

want

evidence.Without

the

IUCN's

categorization，it's

difficult

to

raise

the

money

for

protection

measures.（

科学家们希望利用他们收集到的信息来说服世界自然保护联盟将狐猴和土兔列为濒危物种。资助机构和政府需要证据。如果没有世界自然保护联盟的分类，就很难筹集到保护措施的资金。）可知，科学家们希望利用他们收集的信息说服IUCN把亚马孙河豚和白海豚列为濒危物种，这样就可以为保护它们筹集资金了。选项B．To

find

evidence

for

the

need

to

take

measures.（为采取措施的必要性寻找证据）符合题意。故选B。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段They

hope

their

drone

monitoring

will

do

the

trick.During

three

trips

to

the

Amazon

last

year，the

team

has

recorded

about

70

samples

（样本）

that

will

contribute

to

a

more

accurate

estimate

of

dolphin

populations

in

the

Amazon

basin.（他们希望他们的无人机监控能起到作用。在去年的三次亚马逊之旅中，研究小组记录了大约70个样本，这将有助于更准确地估计亚马逊盆地的海豚数量。）可知，科学家们希望他们的无人机监测能起作用，无人机的记录有助于更准确地估计亚马孙盆地的海豚数量。由此推知，作者对无人机监测应该持赞同的态度。A．Indifferent无所谓的；B．Negative否定的；C．Approving同意的；D．Unclear不清楚的。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们正努力收集亚马孙河里海豚的数据，以促使相关机构采取措施保护海豚。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。12~15.【答案】C、B、A、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的Researchers，ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart，Germany，developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins（穿山甲）.（德国斯图加特马克斯普朗克智能系统研究所的任浩顺领导的研究人员，以穿山甲为灵感，开发了一种厘米大小的机器人。）可知，这种小型机器人的研发灵感来自穿山甲，由此可知，该机器人的灵感是来自于自然界。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic（磁性的）materials，allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.（它是由柔软的磁性材料制成的，可以让机器人改变自己的形状。）可知，这种机器人是一种柔性磁性材料做的，结合第三段的"Toenablemovement，shapeshifting，andheatgeneration，theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot'smetalparts.（为了实现运动、变形和发热，研究人员在机器人的金属部件上施加了磁场。）"可知，为了让这种机器人能改变形状，研究人员使用了有磁性的材料。故选B。

（3）词义推测题。根据第五段的Soon，histeamalsotestedtherobot'sability"可知，此处指的是团队要对该机器人的某种能力进行测试，结合下文中的"Subsequently，therobotextendedandcoveredthearea，givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.（随后，机器人伸展并覆盖了该区域，释放热量以帮助止血。）可知，这种机器人能够帮助止血，由此可知，该单词的意思应是"阻止"。结合选项A．Stop阻止，停止；B．Challenge挑战；C．Evaluate评估；D．Explore探索。故选A。

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段内容Asmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors（肿瘤）orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.（一个可以改变形状并产生热量的小型机器人显示出靶向癌细胞和预防内出血的潜力。它还可以用于将药物直接输送到肿瘤（肿瘤）或人体内无法到达的区域。）可知，研究人员设计了一种可以改变形状的小型机器人，这种机器人可以靶向杀灭肿瘤细胞，还能给伤口止血，具有潜在医学应用前景，进而在下文中对该机器人的制作灵感以及该机器人的功能进行介绍，所以本文的标题为A

Tiny

Robot

Will

Be

Used

In

Medicine"一种将被应用在医学上的小型机器人"与文章内容一致，且概括了主题。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究人员设计了一种可以改变形状的小型机器人，这种机器人可以靶向杀灭肿瘤细胞，还能给伤口止血，具有潜在医学应用前景。

考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。16~20.【答案】A、E、F、D、G【解析】（1）标题归纳题。根据下文The

first

step

towards

success

is

to

establish

clear

and

specific

goals.Take

the

time

to

identify

your

passions，interests，and

long-term

aspirations

（志向）.Set

both

short-term

and

long-term

goals

that

are

realistic，measurable

and

achievable.Having

a

clear

sense

of

direction

will

keep

you

focused

and

positive.（迈向成功的第一步是建立明确而具体的目标。花点时间确定你的激情、兴趣和长期抱负。设定短期和长期的目标，这些目标是现实的、可衡量的、可实现的。有一个清晰的方向感会让你保持专注和积极。）可知，本段主要介绍通往成功之路第一步要先建立明确而具体的目标。故A项"设定明确的目标。"能概括本段大意，符合语境。故选A。

（2）语境衔接题。根据上文Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall，manageabletasks.（把你的目标分解成小的、可管理的任务。）以及下文Putyourtasksinorderofimportance，setdeadlines，andregularlyreviewandadjustyourplanasneeded.（把你的任务按重要性排序，设定截止日期，并根据需要定期检查和调整你的计划。）可知，此处强调的是把目标分解为小目标，接下来应该是创建时间表，记录实现每个小目标的过程，同时根据任务的重要性将每个小目标排序，定期检查和调整目标计划。故E项"创建一个时间表来记录你的进步。"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。

（3）联系上文题。根据上文Neverstoplearningandimproving.（永远不要停止学习和提高。）可知，此处强调不要停止学习，要一直不断地提升。故F项"保持好奇心，为自己的成长寻找机会。"承接上文，指出保持好奇心为自己的成长寻找机会，符合语境。故选F。

（4）联系上文题。根据上文Remember，failureisnotfinal.（记住，失败不是终点。）可知，此处强调失败并不只是重点，后文应该指出失败的其他作用。D项"这是通往成功的垫脚石。"指出失败是通往成功的垫脚石，经历失败，才能成功，符合语境。故选D。

（5）联系下文题。根据下文Theirguidance，advice，andexperiencescanprovidevaluableinsightsforyouandhelpyougetthroughchallenges.（他们的指导、建议和经验可以为你提供有价值的见解，帮助你度过挑战。）可知，此处强调来自于老师的指导、建议和经验可以为你提供有价值的见解，帮助你度过挑战。空处应该指出在你想要成功的领域中向老师寻求建议。故G选项"寻找在你想要的领域取得成功的老师。"符合语境。选项中的teachers与下文的their相呼应。故选G。

本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了成功的一些建议。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、C、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、C、B、D【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.course过程；C.way方法；D.role职位。句意：我接受了一家全球工程咨询公司的高速公路工程师职位。根据下文中的"asahighwaysengineerforaglobalengineeringconsultancy（咨询公司）."可知，高速公路工程师是一个职位，所以此处指的是"职位"符合语境。故选D项。

（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.various各种各样的；B.similar相似的；C.simple简单的；D.official官方的。句意：我参与过各种高速公路项目，这意味着我可以与不同的人交流。根据下文中的"whichmeantIcouldcommunicatewithdifferentpeople."可知，这就以为着能与不同的人交流，由此可知，此处指的是作者参与的项目是"各种各样的"。故选A项。

（3）考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否则。句意：然而，我知道我想从事混凝土工程方面的职位。根据语境和下文中的"IknewthatIwantedacareerinConcreteEngineering（混凝土工程）."可知，作者目前从事的是高速公路工程师的职位，此处提到的是想从事混凝土工程方面的工作，所以此处为转折关系。故选C项。

（4）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lookinginto调查；B.lookingfor寻找；C.takingover接管；D.takingup从事。句意：经过一番研究，我找到了我一直在寻找的职位。根据上文中的"aftersomeresearch"可知，此处指的是找到了一直"寻找"的职位。故选B项。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.consultants咨询师；B.skills技能；C.projects项目；D.people人们。句意：在我的职位中，我协助项目审查其具体规格，管理材料测试，现场调查以及与不同部门的沟通。根据语境和下文中的"byreviewingtheirconcretespecifications（规范），managingmaterialstesting，siteinvestigationsandcommunicatingwithdifferentdepartments."可知，作者的工作是审查其具体规格，管理材料测试，现场调查，由此可以推断，此处指的是与"项目"相关的工作。故选C项。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.books书籍；B.buildings建筑；C.comments评论；D.researches研究。句意：我在不同的部门工作过——高速公路、桥梁、建筑、隧道和机场。根据语境和句子结构，此处与空前的"departments-highways，bridges"和空后的"tunnelsandairports."为并列关系，所以此处指的是"建筑"。故选B项。

（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.defence防御；B.energy能量；精力；C.authority权威；D.knowledge知识。句意：在我的日常工作中，我积极运用我最喜欢的模块的知识。根据语境和下文中的"Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance"可知，作者积极运用自己喜欢的模块"知识"。故选D项。

（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.offer提供；B.job工作；C.excuse借口；D.country国家。句意：为了进一步提高我的知识和业绩，我已经获得了伦敦帝国理工学院兼职硕士学位的offer，我的老板也会支持我的！根据上文中的"Tofurthermyknowledgeandperformance"以