山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末学业水平诊断英语试题2

20222023学年度第二学期期末学业水平诊断高一英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案划在试卷上，该部分录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Borrowingbooks.B.Returningbooks.C.Payingafine.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahospital.B.Apieceofnews.C.Ababy.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.4.Whereprobablyarethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inahotel.C.Inaclothingshop.5.WhatdoesthemanaskHelentodo?A.Lendhimhernotes.B.Giveahistorylecture.C.Takecareofherbrother.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howsoonwillthemanbehomeattheearliest?A.In30minutes.B.In40minutes.C.In50minutes.7.Whatdoesthemanplantodofirstaftergettinghome?A.Havedinner.B.Takeashower.C.Dophysicalactivities.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howmuchshouldthewomanpaynow?A.$200.B.$400.C.$800.9.Howdoesthewomanbooktheroom?A.Overthephone.B.Inperson.C.OntheInternet.10.Whatdoesthewomanfinallytelltheman?A.Herarrivaldate.B.Heremailaddress.C.Herroompreference.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisJason’sfavoritemusic?A.Classicalmusic.B.Countrymusic.C.Popmusic.12.Whoprobablyisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Asinger.C.Amusician.13.HowdoesJasonfeelaboutgoingtoaconcertintheend?A.Curious.B.Excited.C.Bored.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendoesthewomangetupeveryday?A.At6:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At8:30a.m.15.Withwhomdoesthewomanhavebreakfast?A.Herhusband.B.Herparents.C.Herchildren.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heseldomhasbreakfast.B.Hedrinksteaeverymorning.C.Hegetsupatthesametimeeveryday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendoesEarthHourtakeplaceeveryyear?A.InearlyMarch.B.InmidMarch.C.AttheendofMarch.18.WheredidEarthHouroriginatefrom?A.Malaysia.B.France.C.Australia.19.WhatisthefinalpurposeofEarthHour?A.Tosavepowerquickly.B.Toenjoysustainablelives.C.Todealwithlightpollution.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledotoprotectnature?A.Stophuntingwildanimals.B.Choosepublictransportation.C.Usehighenergyelectricaldevices.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithsomuchhistorypackedinWashington,D.C.—theUnitedStatescapitalcity,youcanlearnaboutthebirthofthenationandmanynotablepeoplewhohelpedshapeittowhatitistoday.Let’senjoyfourofitslandmarksforanunforgettablegetaway.WashingtonMonument(纪念碑)TheWashingtonMonumentwasbuiltin1884tohonorthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Atthebase,therearefiftyAmericanflagsthatflyinacirclesurroundingthemonument.Youcanalsogetticketstoridealifttothetopofthemonumentandlookoutatthehistoricalcityfromabove!LincolnMemorial(纪念馆)Amainstoponeveryone’striptoD.C.isastopattheLincolnMemorial.Thememorialwasbuilttohonorthe16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates,AbrahamLincoln.ThememorialfinishedRomanesqueconstructionin1920andhasbeenamajortouristattractioneversince.Itisopen24hoursaday.JeffersonMemorialpletedin1947,theJeffersonMemorialhonorsandmemorializesthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson.Thebuildingfeaturesmarblestepsandashallowroundroofwitha19footsculptureofPresidentThomasJeffersoninthecenter.WhiteHouseKnownastheworkplaceforthepresidentoftheUnitedStatessince1800,theWhiteHousefeaturesbeautifularchitecture(建筑)withRomanstyleinfluences.Manytouriststotheareawalkalongitsoutsidegates,hopingtoseethepresentpresident.1.WherecantouristsenjoyabirdviewofthecapitalcityofAmerica?A.AttheWashingtonMonument. B.AttheLincolnMemorial.C.AttheJeffersonMemorial. D.AttheWhiteHouse.2.WhatdotheLincolnMemorialandtheWhiteHousehaveinmon?A.Theyhonorfamousfiguresinhistory. B.Theyhavethesamearchitecturalstyle.C.Theyareopentovisitorsthewholeday. D.Theyofferinteractionwiththepresident.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceatravelplan. B.TorecalltheAmericanhistory.C.Toremendexcellentexhibits. D.Todrawvisitorstotheattractions.BBornin1887inaRussianJewishtown,Chagallstartedpaintingattheageof19.DisappointedwiththecolorsoftraditionalRussianart,helovedtopaintwithstrongblues,redsandyellows.Soin1911,hemovedtoParis,France,whereartistsfromaroundtheworldwerecreatingnovelartformsandheacquiredfreshwaysofpaintingeagerly.Hestayedtruetohischildhoodmemories.Whileotherschosemodernsubjects,hepaintedscenesoffantasybasedonanolder,farmerlikewayoflife.Bluedogs,yellowskiesandredtreeswereallcreationsofhisimagination.Chagallwentthroughtwoworldwarsandpersonalsufferings.In1941becausehisfamilywereJewish,theChagallshadtoleaveFrancetoescapetheNazisduringWorldWarⅡ.In1944cameanotherblow.Chagall’sbelovedwifeBelladiedofanillness.Despitethehardships,hispassionforpaintingneverfaded.Inthe1950s,hereturnedtoFranceandcontinuedtomakehisdreamlikepaintings.Oneday,duringawalkinavillage,hediscovereda700yearoldchurch(教堂),wherehesawastainedglass(彩色玻璃)windowthatcontainedagreenhorse.ItlookedasifChagallmighthavecreatedithimself.Herewasasuresign,hethought,thatheshouldcreatehisownstainedglasswindows.ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystainedglasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.Hemadeflexibleuseofbrightcolors,puttinglightintotheworks.Hepaintedimagesonglass,thenhadthemfiredtohightemperatures,makingthelinesandcolorspartoftheglass.Chagallcreatedthestainedglasswindowsforchurchesandotherbuildingsaroundtheworlduntilhisdeathin1985.Hegavethemasgiftstotheworldandoftenrefusedpayment.Today,peoplearestillamazedathowhisstainedglasscreationsshineandchangewiththesun.4.WhydidChagallchoosetogotoParis?A.Tolearnnewpaintingskills. B.Topublicizehisnewideasaboutart.C.Toexperiencethecolorfullocallife. D.Toparticipateinmodernartexhibitions.5.WhatledChagalltodesignstainedglasswindows?A.Desiretoletinmoresunlight. B.Intentiontoimprovethequalityofglass.C.Encouragementfromsomefamousartists. D.Inspirationfromanancientchurchwindow.6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Chagall’sworkingattitude. B.TheimagesChagallcreated.C.Chagall’sartisticexperiences. D.ThefeaturesofChagall’sworks.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChagallasanartist?A.Imaginativeandhonest. B.Generousandeasygoing.CCreativeandstrongwilled. D.Energeticandtraditional.CSharksareamongthebestswimmersontheplanet,butanewresearchsuggeststhateventheysometimes“holdtheirbreath”whiledivingdeepunderwater.Thereasonisthatsharksarecoldbloodedandtheirbodytemperaturematchesthewaterstheyswimin.Tododeepdives,theymustmaintainbodyheat,andthebestwaytodothatistoclosetheirgills(鳃).Royer,aleadingresearcherattheUniversityofHawaii,setouttostudythedivinghabitsofhammerheadssharks.They’reknownforswimminginwarmercoastalwaters,butearlierstudiesshowedtheycanalsodivetoover800metersbelowthesurface.Atthosecolddepths,thewatertemperaturefallstoaslowas5℃.Forthesesharks,thefallintemperatureisamatteroflifeanddeath.Becauseasharkcan’tproduceitsownbodyheat,itbeginstofreezethedeeperitgoes.Itsmuscles,eyesandbrainbeesluggish(迟钝).Ifitgetstoocold,itcan’tswim.Andifitstopsswimming,waterdoesn’tgoacrossitsgills.Itcan’tbreatheandwilleventuallydrown(溺亡).Howisitthathammerheadsareabletogodownintothesedeepdepthsandsurvive?Tofindout,Royerandhiscolleaguescaughtthefishandattachedanelectronicsensortoeachshark.Thesensorwouldreleaseitselffromtheshark’sbodyafterseveralweeks.Thedatatheyfoundamazedthem:Thesharksdived,spentjustafewminutesatdepthsandthentheyshottowardsthesurface.Theyclosedtheirgillsandkeptwateroutoftheirgillssothattheirbodywouldn’tcooldown.“Unlikeanimalswithlungs,thesharksdon’treturntothesurfacetobreathe.Instead,theysimplygotoadepthwhereit’swarmenoughforthemtofeelfortableandreopentheirgills.Hammerheadsareprobablynottheonlyspeciesdoingso.Ourworkisanotherexampleofhownewelectronicsensorshelptoexplaintheextraordinaryabilityoftheseanimalsacross400millionyearsofchangingoceanenvironments,”Royersaid.8.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocusonconcerningthesharks?A.Theirhuntinghabits. B.Theirbasictypes.C.Theirspecialbehaviors. D.Theirbodystructures.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?A.Keepingbodyheat. B.Holdingtheirbreath.C.Swimmingonthesurface. D.Divingdeepinthesea.10.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouthammerheadssharks?A.Howtheirgillsworkinthesea.B.Howthetemperaturedropaffectsthem.C.Whytheycansurvivetheterribleenvironment.D.Whytheycanprotectthemselvesfromthecold.11.WhatcanweknowfromRoyer’swords?A.Hammerheadsdependontheirlungstobreathe.B.Thedivingstrategymaynotbeuniquetohammerheads.C.It’shardforhammerheadstoadapttothecoldconditions.D.It’smonforhammerheadstostaylongatgreatdepths.DScientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeople’sthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganArtificialIntelligence(AI)programtotranslatebrainactivityintowords.Thescientistssaytheprogramcouldhelppeoplewhocannotspeakbecauseofdamagetothebrain.AlexanderHuth,ateamleaderofthescientists,says,“We’reengagedinthestudyandarelookingforwardtothebenefitsthestudycanbringtopeople.”Thestudyinvolvestwomainparts.Thefirstisascanner(扫描仪)thatallowsthescientiststorecordbrainactivity.ThesecondisanAIsystemthattheresearcherstraintoturnvideosofbrainactivityintowords.Torecordbrainactivitywithoutsurgery(外科手术),AlexanderandhisteamusedabigmachinecalledFMRI,whichusesstrongradiowavestocreatepicturesshowingwhichpartsofthebrainareactive.FMRIcanrecordtheactivityofthebrainasithappens.Totranslatetheserecordingsintowords,theyusedanAItoolcalled“GPT1”.Itguesseswhichwordismostlikelytoenext,basedonthefactsanddetailsthatcamebefore.TheresearchersfirsttrainedGPT1onlotsofstoriespeoplehadtoldabouttheirlives.Next,theytrainedittomakeconnectionsbetweenbrainscansandspokenwords.ThenatestwasdoneonthreehumanvolunteerstoseewhethertheAItoolreallyworked.EachpersonspentsixteenhoursinFMRIlisteningtostories.Thepeopleimaginedthestoriesastheyheardthem,andFMRIrecordedtheirbrainactivity.GPT1thenusedtheserecordingsofbrainactivitytomakeconnectionsbetweenthewordsandideasinthestoriesandthebrainactivityofthelisteners.AlexanderfoundthewordsGPT1guessedwereverysimilartothewordsinthestorythatthepeoplewerelisteningto.Althoughthewordsweren’texactlythesame,theyoftencarriedthesamemeaning.AlexandersaysthatGPTIisthefirstAIprogramtotumwhatpeoplearethinkingintowordswithoutbrainsurgery.Theprogramisn’tsomethingthatcanbeeasilyusedtoday,mainlybecauseofthesizeandcostofFMRI.12.WhoistheAIprogramtargetedat?A.Healthexpertsstudyinghumanbrains. B.Volunteersperformingmedicalservice.C.Doctorsinneedofadvancedequipment. D.Speechdisabledpatientswithbraininjury.13.OnwhatbasisdoesGPT1translatebrainactivityintowords?APreviouslygainedinformation. B.Processedradiowaves.C.Instructionsfromthescientists. D.Videosofbrainsurgery.14.Forwhatpurposewasthetestcarriedout?A.ToimprovethefunctionofFMRI. B.Toconfirmtheweaknessesofthescanner.C.TochecktheeffectivenessoftheAIsystem. D.Tomeasurethevolunteers’memoryabilities.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.FMRI:APowerfulDevicetoCureBrainIllness.B.FMRIHasBeenUsedandWonPublicRecognition.C.ScientistsAreTrainingAItoReadHumanThoughts.D.Alexander:AnExpertDevotedtoDevelopingAILanguage.第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TurnFOMOintoJOMOIt’sweekend.Youfriendsarethrowingapartywhileyoustayin.Thensuddenlyyoubegintoimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence.____16____Youcan’thelpturningtosocialmediatofindout.Ifso,chancesarethatyouaresufferingFOMO—thefearofmissingout.Youhaveagreatdesiretostayconnectedwithwhatothersaredoing.____17____Theydon’tfeeltheneedtoattendeverything.Instead,theyfindfortinstickingtotheirownplans.Theyfocusnotonwhattheylackbutonwhattheyhave.RatherthanfeelingFOMO,suchpeopleenjoyJOMO—thejoyofmissingout.JOMOistheemotionallyintelligentsolutiontoFOMO.Anditisthesecrettofindinghappiness.ThenhowcanweturnFOMOintoJOMO?Enjoyyourownpany(陪伴).____18____Itmeansabandoning(放弃)theneedtocatchup,keepupandmeasureupinexchangeforachancetoengageinyourownlife.Watchingmovies,gettingaworkoutortakingupanewhobbyareallfunwaystospendyourtime.Keepajournal.Ifyoualwayspostthefunthingsyoudoonsocialmedia,youmayfindyourselfcaringtoomuchaboutwhetherpeoplearevalidating(确认)yourexperiencesonline.Tomakeachange,youmightaswellkeepapersonaljournalonpaper.____19____Andthiscanalsohelpkeepyoursecretstoyourself.Switchoff.Weusuallykeepourdevicesonincasesomeoneneedstoreachus.Butwhenyourmindsarealwaysonyourphone,yousimplycannotbepresent.Youareverylikelytobedistractedandunawareofwhatmatterstoyou.Sotrytoreduceyourscreentimeandliveinthemoment.____20____A.Butsomepeoplefeeltheopposite.B.FOMOsignalsalackofengagement.C.Andyourinitialcalmturnsintoanxiety.D.JOMOistheenjoymentoftimespentalone.E.Youwillfindyouareactuallynotmissingoutonanything.F.Feelingleftoutindicateswewanttoincreaseoursenseofbelonging.G.Thusyoucanturnyourfocusfrompublicattentiontoprivateappreciation.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Despitetheirlackoflongtimeattention,childrendohearthewordsandwatchtheactionsoftheadultsaroundthem.Inotherwords,adultsaremajor____21____onchildren.Foroneelderlywoman,thankfully,thisisthecase.ItwasamidJanuaryafternoonandschoolwasover.Asusual,70yearoldPatricia____22____hergrandchild,7yearoldMariah,fromschool.However,whentheyarrivedatMariah’shome,thingstookaterrible____23____.Oncethecarwasinthedriveway,Patricia____24____it.Patriciathoughtthecarwasinparkbutitwasactuallyinreverse(倒挡).Thecarthencontinuedtoroll____25____.Patriciaattempted____26____tostopit.However,shefellandherleggot____27____underthefronttire(轮胎)onthedriver’sside.Mariah,whowasstillinthecaratthetime,spranginto____28____.Shequickly____29____thekeyoutafterwatchinghermotherandotheradultsoftendoso.WhatMariahdidsuccessfullystoppedthecarfrommovingfurther.Thenextmoment,Mariah_____30_____uptoherhouseandrangthedoorbell_____31_____.Mariah’smother,Porchia,wasshockedatthe_____32_____andcalled911immediately.ItwasMariah’s_____33_____movethatallowedhergrandmatofreeherlegfromunderthecar.Fortunately,Patriciawasnotseriously_____34_____.Daysafterthe_____35_____incident(事件),Patriciarecoveredandleftthehospital.21.A.challenges B.influences C.ments D.concerns22.A.pickedup B.lookedafter C.helpedout D.sentfor23.A.chance B.start C.effect D.turn24.A.locked B.adjusted C.exited D.approached25.A.outside B.backward C.sideways D.around26A.inpanic B.withcare C.byaccident D.onpurpose27.A.broken B.lost C.stuck D.separated28.A.touch B.life C.interest D.action29.A.knocked B.pulled C.directed D.lifted30.A.walked B.jumped C.climbed D.raced31.A.anxiously B.actively C.rudely D.calmly32.A.adventure B.emergency C.interaction D.atmosphere33.A.wellbehaved B.hardwon C.quickthinking D.eyecatching34.A.injured B.impacted C.threatened D.weakened35.A.cruel B.harmful C.scary D.embarrassing第二节(共10小题：每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LocatedinWuyuanCounty,JiangxiProvince,____36____oldHuizhoustylehouseisnowknownforitselegantcrossculturaldesignwithaBritishgarden,afireplaceandabarcounter.Thehouse____37____(own)byBritishcitizenEdwardGawneandhiswifeLiaoMinxinanativeofJiangxi.“Therearetrees,bridges,flowingwaterandbeautifulHuizhoustylehousesinWuyuan.Thisis____38____IimaginedtraditionalChineseculturewouldlooklike,”saysGawne.When____39____(buy)in2015,the200yearoldhousewasoutofrepair.Thecoupledeterminedtotransformitintoabedandbreakfast(B&B)(民宿).Afternearlytwoyearsofrenovation(翻修)withthehelpofinternationaldesignersandarchitects,theirChineseEnglishstyleB&Bstartedoperations.“About90percentofourguestsareforeigners,____40____canenjoythebeautyofChinesetraditionalvillagesandlearnaboutthecultureandlocalcustoms,”Liaosays.SofarWuyuanCounty____41____(introduce)aconsiderablenumberofmeasuresformanagingtheB&Bindustry.It____42____(regular)releasesdetailedinformationonthedesertedhistoricalbuildings____43____(find)“adopters”.Andthelocalhousingdepartmentexaminesadopters’renovationanddecorationplanstoprotectthe____44____(origin)styleandstructureofthebuildings.“Apartfromprotectingoldarchitecture,thelifestylesofpeoplelivingintheminthepastshouldalsobekept,”saysthedirectorofthehousingdepartment.NowinWuyuan,thereareover800highqualityB&Bs.ThedevelopmentinB&Bconstructionhasprovidedjob_____45_____(opportunity)formorethan20,000peopleandpromotedthelocaltourismindustry.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，下周你校将举办主题为“东方遇见西方”的中西文化交流活动，你打算邀请你的留学生朋友Mike参加。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.活动介绍；2.你的希望。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHuaLiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Myparentsworkedveryhardatensuringthateverythingseemedpleasantandcarefreeforme.IhadaverypeacefulchildhoodandImostlyignoredthefactthatmyeldersisterwasdifferent.ItwasonlyattheageoftenthatIstartedtonoticethedifferencesandbecameconsciousofmysociallifeandselfimagethatIhadcarefullydeveloped.Mysister,ontheotherhand,wassociallyawkward,asshehad“AspergerSyndrome”.Shecouldn’tlookatpeopleintheeye.Shewouldrepeatthewordsshehadjustsaidunderherbreath.She,however,wasacademically(学业)capable,andthereforeweattendedthesameprimaryschool.Despitethis,Ineveradmitted