江苏高考英语试卷及答案解析

2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（江苏卷）英语试题第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。21.—CanIhelpyouwithit?—Iappreciateyour_______,butIcanmanageitmyself.A.adviceB.questionC.offerD.idea22.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_______urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what23.Sophiawaitedforareply,but_______came.A.eitherB.anotherC.neitherD.none24.—Don’tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.—_______!I’lltellDadthere’snothingserious.A.WhatareliefB.CongratulationsC.HowsurprisingD.I’msosorry25.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,_______?A.isthereB.isn’tthereC.isheD.isn’the26.—OK,I’vehadenoughofit.Igiveup.—Youcan’t_______yourresponsibilities.A.runoffwithB.runupagainstC.runoutofD.runawayfrom27.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_______themeetingwouldbepostponed.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how28.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but_______saywherehewas.A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t29.—ThankGodyou’resafe!—Isteppedback,just_______toavoidtheracingcar.A.intimeB.incaseC.inneedD.invain30.One’slifehasvalue_______onebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.A.sothatB.nomatterhowC.aslongasD.exceptthat31._______animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.A.BasedB.BasingC.BaseD.Tobase32.ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe_______someEuropeanbusinesspartners.A.wouldmeetB.ismeetingC.meetsD.hadmet33.—Honey,thecat’sstuckinthetree.CanyouturnofftheTVandgetaladder...?—Oh,itjumpedoff._______.A.NevermindB.AllrightC.NoproblemD.Takecare34.Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe_______.A.hasstartedB.startsC.startedD.willstart35.—Happybirthday!—Thankyou!It’sthebestpresentI_______for.A.shouldhavewishedB.musthavewishedC.mayhavewishedD.couldhavewished第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theconceptofsolitude(独处)inthedigitalworldisalmostnon-existent.Intheworldofdigitaltechnology,e-mail,socialnetworkingandonlinevideogames,informationismeanttobe____36___.Solitudecanbehardtodiscover___37____ithasbeengivenup.Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshave___38____ourculture.Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitudetoa(n)___39____aswe’veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso___40____intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontacted____41___they’drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog(写博客),notonlyfromour___42____,butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostdevelopednationshavebecome___43____ondigitaltechnologysimplybecausethey’vegrownaccustomedtoit,andatthispointnot___44____itwouldmakethemanoutsider.___45____,manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobe___46____.Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.Beingreachablemightfeellikea___47____tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Isupposethepositivesideisthatsolitudeisstillpossibleforanyonewho___48____wantsit.Computerscanbeshut___49____andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Theabilitytobe“connected”and“on”hasmany___50____,aswellasdisadvantages.Travelershaveendedup___51____onmountains,andmobilephoneshavesavedcountlesslives.Theycanalsomakepeoplefeel___52____andforcedtoanswerunwantedcallsor___53____tounwantedtexts.Attitudestowardsourconnectednessasasociety___54____acrossgenerations.Somefindtoday’stechnologyagift.Othersconsideritacurse.Regardlessofanyone’sviewonthesubject,it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelike___55____dailyadvancementsintechnology.36.A.updatedB.receivedC.sharedD.collected37.A.thoughB.untilC.onceD.before38.A.respectedB.shapedC.ignoredD.preserved39.A.edgeB.stageC.endD.balance40.A.sensitiveB.intelligentC.considerateD.reachable41.A.evenifB.onlyifC.asifD.ifonly42.A.mediaB.computersC.databasesD.monitors43.A.bentB.hardC.keenD.dependent44.A.findingB.usingC.protectingD.changing45.A.AlsoB.InsteadC.OtherwiseD.Somehow46.A.connectedB.trainedC.recommendedD.interested47.A.pleasureB.benefitC.burdenD.disappointment48.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.merelyD.really49.A.outB.downC.upD.in50.A.aspectsB.weaknessesC.advantagesD.exceptions51.A.hiddenB.lostC.relaxedD.deserted52.A.trappedB.excitedC.confusedD.amused53.A.turnB.submitC.objectD.reply54.A.varyB.ariseC.spreadD.exist55.A.beyondB.withinC.despiteD.without第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。myheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhattan’supperclasses—intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh.D.’s.AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth.Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview.AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(独白)readasraps(说唱),butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck’swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey’reallwhite.”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening.Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests.Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextcomplexity.Yet,wecannotenrich(充实)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem.66.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto__________..A.realizeourdreamsB.givesupporttoourlifeC.smoothawaydifficultiesD.awakeouremotions67.WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen?A.Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit.B.Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore.C.Becausetheycamefromapublicschool.D.Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.68.Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause__________..A.shewasaliterary-mindedgirlB.herparentswereimmigrantsC.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclassD.herfatherwastheninprison69.Totheauthor’ssurprise,thestudentsreadthenovels__________..A.creativelyB.passivelyC.repeatedlyD.carelessly70.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto__________..A.introduceclassicworksofliteratureB.advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartC.argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD.defendthecurrenttestingsystem第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。“HappinessAdvantage”EffectInJuly2010Burt’sBees,apersonal-careproductscompany,wasgoingthroughenormouschangeasitbeganaglobalexpansioninto19newcountries.Inthiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswithfrequentmeetingsorfloodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Indoingso,managerslifteveryone’sanxietylevel,whichactivatesthepartofthebrainthatprocessesthreatsandstealsresourcesfromtheprefrontalcortex(大脑皮层),whichisresponsibleforeffectiveproblemsolving.Burt’sBees’sthen-CEO,JohnWolfgang,tookadifferentapproach.Eachday,he’dsendoutane-mailpraisingateammemberforworkrelatedtoglobalmarketing.He’dinterrupthisownpresentationstoremindhismanagerstotalkwiththeirteamsaboutthecompany’svalues.Heaskedmetofurtherathree-hoursessionwithemployeesonhappinessinthecourseoftheexpansioneffort.Asonememberoftheseniorteamtoldmeayearlater,Wolfgang’semphasisondevelopingpositiveleadershipkepthismanagersactivelyinvolvedandloyalastheysuccessfullytransformedthecompanyintoaglobalone.Thatoutcomeshouldn’tsurpriseus.Researchshowsthatwhenpeopleworkwithapositivemind-set(思维模式),performanceonnearlyeverylevel—productivity,creativity,involvement—improves.Yethappinessisperhapsthemostmisunderstooddriverofperformance.Forone,mostpeoplebelievethatsuccesscomesbeforehappiness.“OnceIgetapromotion,I’llbehappy,”theythink.Or,“OnceIhitmysalestarget,I’llfeelgreat.”Butbecausesuccessisamovingtarget—assoonasyouhityourtarget,youraiseitagain—thehappinessthatresultsfromsuccessdoesnotlastlong.Infact,itworkstheotherwayaround:Peoplewhohaveapositivemind-setperformbetterinthefaceofchallenge.Icallthisthe“happinessadvantage”—everybusinessoutcomeshowsimprovementwhenthebrainispositive.I’veobservedthiseffectinmyroleasaresearcherandlecturerin48countriesontheconnectionbetweenemployeehappinessandsuccess.AndI’mnotalone:Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.Anothercommonmisunderstandingisthatourgenetics,ourenvironment,oracombinationofthetwodetermineshowhappyweare.Tobesure,bothfactorshaveanimpact.Butone’sgeneralsenseofwell-beingissurprisinglyunstable.Thehabitsyouform,thewayyouinteractwithcolleagues,howyouthinkaboutstress—allthesecanbemanagedtoincreaseyourhappinessandyourchancesofsuccess.第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)81.生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张。请你结合此事,并根据以下提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报“HappyTeens冶专栏投稿。简要描述事情的经过打篮球、碰撞、争执,等等分析发生冲突的原因1.遇事不够冷静2.……谈谈避免冲突的做法(请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法)注意:1.对所有要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译。2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,不计入总词数。3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.英语试题参考答案第一部分(共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)1.C2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.B9.C10.C11.A12.B13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.A19.C20.A第二部分(共35小题,每小题1分,共35分)21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D36.C37.C38.B39.C40.D41.A42.B43.D44.B45.A46.A47.C48.D49.B50.C51.B52.A53.D54.A55.D第三部分(共15小题,每小题2分,共30分)56.C57.B58.A59.A60.D61.C62.C63.B64.D65.C66.D67.D68.C69.A70.B第四部分(共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)71.bother/annoy72.anxiety/concern/worry73.considerate/aware/conscious74.loyal/faithful/devoted/committed75.difference76.positively77.success/achievements78.strongly79.determined/decided80.chances/possibilities/opportunities第五部分(满分25分)81.Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.Duringthebasketballgameyesterdayafternoon,SuHuaandLiJiangbumpedintoeachother,tryingtocatchtheball.Thentheystartedshoutingandyelling,anditturnedintoahorriblequarrel.Tobehonest,itwasSu爷sfaultbutLiwasalsotoblame—theywerenotcalmenoughandbothsaidsomereallymeanthings.Theycaredtoomuchaboutwinningandlosing.Asamatteroffact,blocking,pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyingaharmoniouslife.Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.Don’tbeself-centeredandtrytobeconsiderate.Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.2012年江苏高考英语卷单项选择答案解析21.

—Can

I

help

you

with

it

?

—I

appreciate

your

____,

but

I

can

manage

it

myself.

A.

advice

B.

question

C.

offer

D.

idea

答案：C

考点：名词辨析

解析：句意：“——需要我帮忙么？——我感激你主动提供帮助，但是我自己可以应付！

A.建议

B.问题

C.（主动）提供（帮助）

D.想法

根据句意不难判断答案选C

22.

After

the

flooding

,

people

were

suffering

in

that

area,

_____urgently

needed

clean

water,

medicine

and

shelter

to

survive.

A.

which

B.

who

C.

where

D.

what

答案：B

考点：定语从句

解析：句意：“洪水过后，那个地区的人们正遭受苦难，他们急需干净水，药物及避难所才能幸存下来。”根据四个选项可知，横线处需要一个词来引导从句，根据对横线前后的句子分析可知，此从句为定语从句，先行词可能为area

or

people(先行词一般为名词或代词），且从句缺主语，答案在A，B之中选，再根据横线后面的部分句意“急需...”可知主语指人，故选who。

23.

Sophia

waited

for

a

reply,

but

_____

came

.

A.

either

B.

another

C.

neither

D.

none

答案：D

考点：代词

解析：句意：“索菲亚等着答复，但一个答复都没来。”根据句意首先排除B，另外A，C，都仅限于两者范围，而前面“a

reply”是泛指，无明确范围限制，故选none.

24.

—

Don’t

worry,

Mum.

The

doctor

said

it

was

only

the

flu.

—

_______!

I’ll

tell

Dad

there’s

nothing

serious.

A.

What

a

relief

B.

Congratulations

C.

How

surprising

D.

I’m

so

sorry

答案：A

考点：交际用语

解析：句意：“——不用担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感而已。——多么令人宽慰（的一件事）啊！我要告诉你爸爸你没什么严重的（病）。”B.祝贺！C.太惊人了！D.我很抱歉！均不符合句意，故选A

25.

There

is

little

doubt

in

your

mind

that

he

is

innocent,____?

A.

is

there

B.

isn’t

there

C.

is

he

D.

isn’t

he

答案：A

考点：反义疑问句

解析：句意：“你脑海里几乎没有对他是无辜的疑虑，有么？首先主句中有little

这个表示否定意义的词，故根据反义疑问句的语法规则“前肯后否，前否后肯”，可排除B,D选项；再根据主句是There

be

句型，不难选出答案为A

26.

—OK,

I’ve

had

enough

of

it.

I

give

up

.

—You

can’t

_____your

responsibilities.

A.

run

off

with

B.run

up

against

C.run

out

of

D.run

away

from

答案：D

考点：介词短语辨析

解析：句意：“—好吧，

我已经受够了。我放弃！—你不可以逃避你的责任！”A.带着...逃走

B.遇到，遭遇

C.用完，耗尽

D.从...中逃走，逃避根据短语的中文翻译，答案为D

27.

The

notice

came

around

two

in

the

afternoon

____the

meeting

would

be

postponed.

A.

when

B.

that

C.

whether

D.

how

答案：B

考点：名词性从句

解析：句意：“通知是在下午两点钟左右下达的：这个会议将会被推迟。”从句意出发，可知横线后面的句子是对the

notice

这个抽象名词的解释说明，且为陈述句语气，故由that来引导。

28.

Days

later,

my

brother

called

to

say

he

was

all

right,

but

___say

where

he

was.

A.

mustn’t

B.

shouldn’t

C.

wouldn’t

D.

mightn’t

答案：C

考点：情态动词

解析：句意：“几天后，我的哥哥（弟弟）打电话过来说他一切都好，但却不愿意说自己在何处。”根据句意，不难得出答案为C

29.

—Thank

God

you’re

safe!

—I

stepped

back,

just

___to

avoid

the

racing

car.

A.

in

time

B.

in

case

C.

in

need

D.

in

vain

答案：A

考点：介词短语辨析

解析：句意：“——感谢上帝你安然无恙！——我及时后退了一步避开了疾驰而来的车。”

A.及时

B.

假使，万一

C.在穷困中

D.徒劳无功

根据句意，答案应为A

30.

One’s

life

has

value

_____one

brings

value

to

the

life

of