名词性从句在语法填空和写作中的应用

*名词性从句的特点是从句都有关联词引导,从句的语序和陈述句的语序相同。名词性从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句1.主语从句这是一本书。Thisisabook.陈述句这是书吗？Isthisabook?疑问句第一页第二页，共32页。(1)从属连词whetherthat(2)连接代词What,Who,whichWhom,whosewhateverwhoeverwhichever(3)连接副词whenwhywherehow，if/asif(只用于表语从句）＊只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。＊既起连接作用，本身又做从句的

主语、宾语、

表语或

定语（whose）。＊既起连接作用，本身又做从句的状语。how

many，howmuch，第二页第三页，共32页。注意：1.主语从句：主语从句+V

主从1+主从2+V

连词1+连词2+主从+V2.宾语从句：从句时态与主句的时态如从句中表示的是客观现象，则用主语+谓语+that+宾从主语+谓语+that宾从1+that宾从2+that宾从3…3.表语从句:asif只能引导表语从句4.同位语从句：常见词(fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,doubt,possibility,etc)(单)(复)(单)保持一致一般现在时

（

）

（

）thatthat第三页第四页，共32页。要注意的连接词：1.That和what:That：只起连接作用，不充当任何成分，不可以省略（宾从的特殊情况除外）What:充当主语、宾语、表语2.Whether和if:只用whether的情况：1）whether…ornot2）句首主从，介后宾从，同从，表从3.what,who,which引导的名从都含有疑问意义

whatever（=anythingthat）无论什么

whoever(=anyonewho）无论谁

whichever无论哪个第四页第五页，共32页。重要句型：1.Thereasonisthat…+(原因)Thatiswhy…+(结果)Thatisbecause+…(原因)【Hewasabsentbecausehewasill.】2.主语+动词（think,

consider…）+it+宾补（形容词）+that从句第五页第六页，共32页。重要句型：3.It+be+adj.+that从句(如obvious,true,clear…)It+be+n词组+that从句（如nowonder,anhonor…）It+be+P.P+that从句(如said,reported,thought,acknowledged,considered…)Itoccurs(occurred)tosb.that从句Itstrikes(struck)sb.that从句Ithappens(happened)that从句第六页第七页，共32页。

Ex1:请找出以下复合句的名词性从句并分析其类型1.ThequestionwhywemustlearnEnglishhasbeenaskedmanytimes.2.ThatiswhereLuXunoncelived.3.Whetheryoucomeornotisuptoyou.

4.WethoughtitstrangethatTomdidnotcomeyesterday.5.It’suncertainwhethertheexperimentisworthdoing.（）同位语从句（）表从（）主语从句（）宾语从句（）主语从句第七页第八页，共32页。Ex2:Pleasefillintheblanks.

1.______wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan

_____wehave.

2.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweekandthatis______youhadafewdaysoff?

3.Thereason

_____Ihavetogois_____mymotherisillinbed.Whatwhatwhywhythat第八页第九页，共32页。14.The

reason________

you

went

to

the

park

was

that

you

want

to

visit

her.

15.The

question

is

_________

we

will

complete

the

project.

16.That

was

______________the

Chinese

began

to

make

paper.

17.The

problem_______

should

be

our

mornitor

is

not

decided.

18.They

have

no

information

________________

he

was

alive.

19.Thisisanotherproof_________hekilledaman.

20.Theprofessorgaveorders_______thetestbefinishedbefore6o’clock.21.Mostof_______weknowabouttheearthcomesfromourbooks.whywhenwhen\howwhothat\whetherthatthatwhat第九页第十页，共32页。4._______thedoctorsreallydoubtis

_________mymother

willrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.5.______causedtheaccidentwasamanlyingontheground.6._______willgomakesnodifference.7.______________________yourdaughterlovesisveryclear.8.________walletwasstolenmustbemadeclear.9.________he

left

his

wife

cut

her

to

the

heart.

WhatwhetherWhatWhoWhat\Who\WhomWhoseThat第十页第十一页，共32页。6.

_______________________we

go

there

remains

to

be

decided.

7.

________your

uncle

will

arrive

was

not

mentioned

in

his

letter.

8.

________you

went

there

alone

must

be

explained.

9.

I’ll

take

back

______

I

said.

10.

I’m

satisfied

______

he

did.

11.

Tell

us

_____

you

fulfilled

the

heavy

task

ahead

of

time.

12.That’s________

I

praise

you.

13.This

is

__________two

thirds

of

the

earth’s

surface

is

made

up

of

vast

oceans.

When\How\WhetherWhenWhywhatwhathowWhen\Howwhybecause第十一页第十二页，共32页。21.

Iunderstand_______(all______)yousaid.22.

Ican’tbelieve_______isreported.

23.

Acarpassedmeat_______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.24.

Thebuildingwillbebuiltin

_____wasawastelandbefore.25.Thisis_________ourproblemlies.26.Tomorrowis______itwouldbethemostconvenient.whatthatwhatwhatwhatwherewhen第十二页第十三页，共32页。27.Thereason______hedidn'tcomeis

______hewasill.28.Hedidn'tcome.That's____________hewasill.29.Hewasill.Ithinkthatis______hedidn'tcome.30.Thequestionis__________hewillbehereontime.31.Hesaidweshouldfinishtheworktoday,andthisis________Idisagree.32.Youalwaysgivehimwhateverhewants.That’s

_______youarewrong.

why

thatbecausewhy

whetherwherewhere第十三页第十四页，共32页。总结：名词性从句引导词的选择三步骤

步骤一：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，或者表语，则考虑用连接代词What,

who,

which,

whose,

whatever…步骤二：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用连接副词；where,

when,

why,

how…步骤三：如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，也不缺少状语，则考虑用从属连词。that,

whether,

if,

asif第十四页第十五页，共32页。Ex3:名词性从句改错1.Thefactwhichshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.2.Whattheboydidn’ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.3.Ifwe’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.（）thatwhich（）WhatThat（）IfWhether第十五页第十六页，共32页。4.Whathereallymeansiswhathedisagreeswithus.5.Whenwe’llfinishtranslatingthebookdependonthetime.（）（）that（）dependdependswhat第十六页第十七页，共32页。

Ireadareportlastnight.Itsays1______alotofpeoplediedin2____trafficaccident.ButIforget3________theaccidenthappenedlastSunday.4_______astonishedmemostis5______somebabieslost6_______lives.However,Idon'tknow7____________thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestodealwith8___.Inmyopinion,9_____accidenthastaughtusalesson10______weshouldobeythetrafficrules.Ex4:从句语篇练习1

that

a

where

What

that

their

whether/if

it

the

that第十七页第十八页，共32页。

Everyoneknew1____

Andywasafamouswriter,butnooneknew2_______shecamefromand3_________shewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.4_______theydidknowwas5_______shewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelped6________wasinneedofmoney.Ex4:从句语篇练习2thatwhere

whetherWhatthatwhoever第十八页第十九页，共32页。二、写作中的名词性从句一篇作文，在适当的地方恰当地放置一两个从句，不仅会让作文更耐读，而且作文分值会有所提高。高考英语作文评分标准第五档(很好)；(21-25分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第十九页第二十页，共32页。whatmattersis....1困难并不可怕，关键的是在面对困难的时候我们得勇敢地承担责任。2空气污染已经是一个很普遍的现象，重要的是我们要找到有效的办法来处理它。thefact\phenomenon\result(is)that....3很多大学毕业生已经接受了这么一个事实，那就是找一份合适的工作实属不易。4人类必须得接受这样一个事实，那就是由于温室效应，全球气温正在不断升高。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子第二十页第二十一页，共32页。Itis+P.Pthat....5据报道，这次地震已经导致了100多人死亡，800多人受伤，且逾千人失去了自己的家园。6据报道，大学扩招是导致众多大学毕业生就业压力大的首要原因。collegeenrollmentexpansionwhat....7我们现在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行动拯救这些濒危的动物。8事实上，我们从书本上所学到的东西是非常有限的。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子第二十一页第二十二页，共32页。what....9我从这次经历当中学到的东西是，助人不仅是中华民族的传统美德，也能给大家带来快乐。Itis(widely)acknowledgedthat10众所周知，环境污染已经成为中国乃至世界上所面临的最严重的问题之一。11众所周知，教育是我们生活中不可缺少的一部分。12大家都知道，学习动机对学习效果的影响不可忽视。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子第二十二页第二十三页，共32页。whatmattersis....1困难并不可怕，关键的是在面对困难的时候我们得勇敢地承担责任。2空气污染已经是一个很普遍的现象，重要的是我们要找到有效的办法来处理它。参考答案Actuallydifficultyisnotfrighteningandwhatmattersisthatwhenfacingit,wearesupposedtobebravetotakeresponsibilities.Airpollutionisaverycommonphenomenonandwhatmattersisthatweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.第二十三页第二十四页，共32页。thefact\phenomenon\result(is)that....3很多大学毕业生已经接受了这么一个事实，那就是找一份合适的工作实属不易。4人类必须得接受这样一个事实，那就是由于温室效应，全球气温正在不断升高。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子Manygraduateshaveacceptedafactthatitisquitedifficulttofindsuitablejobsforthem.Airpollutionisaverycommonphenomenonandwhatmattersisthatweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestodealwithit.第二十四页第二十五页，共32页。Itis+P.Pthat....5据报道，这次地震已经导致了118人死亡，800多人受伤，且逾千人失去了自己的家园。6据报道，大学扩招是导致众多大学毕业生就业压力大的首要原因。collegeenrollmentexpansion运用名词性从句翻译下列句子Itisreportedthattheearthquakehascaused118peopledead,over800injured,andthousandsofpeoplelosingtheirhomes.Itisreportedthatcollegeenrollmentexpansionisthemainreasonwhichcausesgreatemploymentpressureformanyundergraduates.第二十五页第二十六页，共32页。what....7我们现在要做的最重要的事情就是立刻采取行动拯救这些濒危的动物。8事实上，我们从书本上所学到的东西是非常有限的。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子Whatisthemostimportantthing(that)weshouddonowistotakeimmediateactiontosavetheseendangeredanimals.Tobehonest,whatwehavegot\learnedfrombooksisverylimited.第二十六页第二十七页，共32页。9我从这次经历当中学到的东西是，助人不仅是中华民族的传统美德，也能给大家带来快乐。Itis(widely)acknowledgedthat10众所周知，环境污染已经成为中国乃至世界上所面临的最严重的问题之一。运用名词性从句翻译下列句子WhatIhavelearnedfromtheexperienceisthathelpingothersisnotonlyaChinesetraditionalvirtuebutalsocanbringhappinesstoothers.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblems